Abstract: For years, solar energy has been a subject of study for electricity generation as an alternative power source. The main objective of this project is to carry out a comparative analysis of the production of electrical energy between fixed photovoltaic panels and those with tracking systems on one axis. Three solar modules were designed and built with the same technical characteristics but different solar tracking systems; Single-axis tracking systems will use tracking systems by astronomical programming and light tracking by LDR sensors. Current, voltage and temperature sensors were implemented along with software capable of obtaining the characteristic curves of the production behavior in each prototype. The data processing, as well as the management of I/O signals coming from the different electronic components associated with the operation of each system, are governed by an Arduino mega board linked to an Ethernet module to be able to observe the curves of production from a website, all operating automatically. Therefore, we determined that the PV system by astronomical programming is the most convenient, due to its lower energy consumption when correcting the panel's position. Abstract years source axis Singleaxis Single Current prototype processing IO I O website automatically Therefore convenient panel s position

Resumen: Desde hace años la energía solar viene siendo motivo de estudio para la generación eléctrica como fuente de alimentación alternativa. El objetivo principal de este proyecto es realizar un análisis comparativo de la producción de energía eléctrica entre paneles fotovoltaicos fijos y con sistemas de seguimiento en un eje. Se diseño y construyó tres módulos solares con las mismas características técnicas, pero con diferentes sistemas de seguimiento solar; los sistemas seguidores de un eje utilizaron sistemas de seguimiento por programación astronómica y seguimiento de luz por sensores LDR. Se implementaron sensores de corriente, voltaje y temperatura, así como un software encargado de obtener las curvas características del comportamiento de la producción en cada prototipo. El procesamiento de los datos, así como la gestión de señales de E/S proveniente de los diferentes componentes electrónicos asociados al funcionamiento de cada sistema, son gobernados por una placa Arduino mega unida a un módulo ethernet con la finalidad de poder observar las curvas de producción desde un sitio web, todo esto operando de manera autómata. Por tanto, determinamos que el sistema FV por programación astronómica es el más conveniente, debido a su menor consumo energético al corregir la posición del panel. Resumen alternativa técnicas LDR corriente temperatura prototipo datos ES E S web autómata tanto conveniente panel

Abstract The polymer transition temperature is a crucial parameter in the industry for knowing raw materials before starting the manufacturing process. The current work reports a novel low-cost prototype instrument to measure the transition temperature with reliable accuracy. The equipment was built using commercial load cells composed of strain gauges in combination with an Arduino® microcontroller. The prototype measurement quality was validated by measuring the transition temperatures of most commercial polymers. The obtained values were compared with values obtained by conventional thermal analysis known as differential scanning calorimetric and thermo-mechanical analysis (DSC and TMA), which results in identical values. process lowcost low cost accuracy Arduino microcontroller polymers thermomechanical thermo mechanical DSC TMA, TMA , TMA)

ABSTRACT Hail netting increases natural fruitlet drop. Mixing lower concentrations of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) and spraying on more advanced fruitlets could promote adequate crop load management and improve fruit quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate thinning programs with low concentrations of PGRs sprayed at advanced fruitlet size looking for reducing crop load, enhancing fruit quality, and preserving yield. On 2020/21 and 2021/22, in an orchard covered with hail netting in Bom Jesus-RS, eight programs were tested on vigorous ‘Maxi Gala’: Benzyladenine (BA)+Gibberellic acid4+7 (BA-GA) at full bloom (FB) and BA+Ethephon (ETH) at 15mm; BA-GA at FB and Naphthalene acetic acid+Carbaryl (CB) at 7 mm; BA-GA at FB and BA+CB at 15 mm; ETH+CB at 15 mm and Metamitron (MM)+ETH at 20 mm; BA-GA at FB and BA at 7 mm and MM at 20 mm; MM at 7 mm and MM at 20 mm; Manual Thinning Only; Untreated Control. The treatments containing CB reduced fruit set, although diminished yield unsustainably. All PGR programs improved fruit quality. In conclusion, BA-GA at FB and BA+ETH at 15 mm, and MM at 7 mm and MM at 20 mm reduce crop load, preserve yield and improve fruit quality. drop (PGRs quality 202021 2020 21 2020/2 202122 2021 22 2021/22 JesusRS, JesusRS Jesus RS, RS Jesus-RS Maxi Gala Gala’ BA+Gibberellic BAGibberellic +Gibberellic Gibberellic acid47 acid acid4 acid4+ BAGA GA (BA-GA (FB BAEthephon Ethephon ETH (ETH 15mm acidCarbaryl Carbaryl (CB BACB 1 ETHCB MM+ETH MMETH +ETH 2 Only Control set unsustainably conclusion BAETH 20202 202 2020/ 20212 2021/2 2021/

Abstract Improving a technical work environment encourages creativity and enhances research efforts. The conception of a modular ventilation laboratory aims at free construction and assembly of the air circuit in different shapes, sizes, and operational variations. The modules allow the development of academic experiences, automatic data acquisition from sensors, data analysis, and verification of concepts related to ventilation in underground mines. The modular ventilation laboratory uses a teaching methodology based on a playful and low-cost way to teach engineering, mainly underground mine ventilation. The aim of this work is essentially to propose the creation of a modular underground mine ventilation laboratory to facilitate engineering teaching and allow the simulation of real situations. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) methodology was used to develop a framework for building the modular educational ventilation laboratory. This methodology encompasses project planning and studying, applying the Ventsim® software, and the design of a teaching laboratory with sensors and microcontrollers using the Internet of Things (IoT). The results involve the construction of a physical project with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes and connections and electronic circuits. The project presents the main parameters monitored in underground mines and foresees the simulation of scenarios, aiming to facilitate an understanding of the concepts of fluid mechanics and mining ventilation. The conclusions indicate that using simulation in pedagogical practices develops several activities that contribute to innumerable learning and expands the network of constructive meanings as a learning strategy. efforts shapes sizes variations experiences analysis lowcost low cost situations PlanDoCheckAct Plan Do Check Act PDCA (PDCA studying Ventsim software IoT. IoT . (IoT) polyvinyl chloride circuits scenarios strategy (IoT

ABSTRACT In hydrological modeling and for the development of projects related to soil and water conservation and civil engineering, determination of water infiltration variables into the soil plays a key role. However, measuring infiltration with manual infiltrometers is work-intensive and requires several people, which casts doubts on the consistency of the process description. Our objective was to develop automated and compact systems for data acquisition by double-concentric-ring and Cornell infiltrometers. The systems are based on air differential pressure sensors and microcontrollers using open-source software and a simple construction. We developed ten sets of automatic infiltrometers for each method that were properly calibrated. The equipment was validated in the field, and the alignment of the automatically measured with the hand-measured infiltration data was considered satisfactory. The proposed systems make data records of infiltration and associated variables possible, with less operator dependence than manual measurement strategies. In addition, the enhanced resolution resulting from infiltrometer automation makes the infiltration curve more representative, especially in the initial infiltration stage. engineering role However workintensive work intensive people description doubleconcentricring double concentric ring opensource open source construction calibrated field handmeasured hand satisfactory possible strategies addition representative stage

El período de cuarentena de 2022 expuso la necesidad de diseñar instrumentos de laboratorio accesibles para los estudiantes que les permitan realizar experimentos desde casa. Aunque muchos estudios de magnetismo han desarrollado gaussímetros con desplazamiento manual, pocos están automatizados. Por ello, este estudio presenta el diseño de un gaussímetro elaborado con piezas de juguetes de construcción y una placa de desarrollo Arduino UNO para cuantificar la densidad de flujo magnético en imanes permanentes. Para evaluar su funcionamiento se realizaron pruebas de precisión y robustez. De esta manera, la prueba Kruskal-Wallis mostró similitud en las lecturas experimentales con el sensor WSH315 entre 1,62–3,54 cm. Mientras tanto, la prueba de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney mostró limitaciones en términos de precisión. Y la prueba de Youden-Steiner mostró robustez a la rotación de polaridad en el imán a una distancia de 1,19 cm con el sensor AD22151. Finalmente, los resultados experimentales mostraron proximidad con el método analítico y el método numérico. Además, los resultados demostraron la versatilidad del gaussímetro para adaptarse a otro sensor (MLX90393). Por lo tanto, este diseño se puede utilizar para realizar experimentos de magnetismo a bajo costo. 202 casa manual automatizados ello permanentes manera KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis WSH WSH31 162354 1 62 3 54 1,62–3,5 tanto WilcoxonMannWhitney Wilcoxon Mann Whitney YoudenSteiner Youden Steiner 119 19 1,1 AD22151 AD Finalmente numérico Además MLX90393. MLX90393 MLX . (MLX90393) costo 20 WSH3 16235 6 5 1,62–3, 11 1, AD2215 MLX9039 (MLX90393 2 1623 1,62–3 AD221 MLX903 (MLX9039 162 1,62– AD22 MLX90 (MLX903 16 1,62 AD2 MLX9 (MLX90 1,6 (MLX9 (MLX

The 2022 quarantine period exposed the need to design laboratory instruments that were accessible to students, allowing them to conduct experiments from home. Although many magnetism studies have developed manually displaced gaussmeters, only a few of them have been automated. Therefore, this study presents the design of a gaussmeter made with construction toy parts and an Arduino UNO development board to quantify the magnetic flux density in permanent magnets. To evaluate its operation, precision and robustness tests were carried out. In this way, the Kruskal-Wallis test showed similarity in the experimental readings with the WSH315 sensor between 1.62–3.54 cm. Meanwhile, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test showed limitations in terms of accuracy. And the Youden-Steiner test showed robustness to polarity rotation in the magnet at a distance of 1.19 cm with the AD22151 sensor. Finally, the experimental results showed proximity to analytical and numerical methods. Additionally, the results demonstrated the versatility of the gaussimeter to adapt to another sensor (MLX90393). Therefore, this design can be used to perform magnetism experiments at low cost. 202 students home gaussmeters automated Therefore magnets operation out way KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis WSH WSH31 162354 1 62 3 54 1.62–3.5 Meanwhile WilcoxonMannWhitney Wilcoxon Mann Whitney accuracy YoudenSteiner Youden Steiner 119 19 1.1 AD AD2215 Finally methods Additionally MLX90393. MLX90393 MLX . (MLX90393) cost 20 WSH3 16235 6 5 1.62–3. 11 1. AD221 MLX9039 (MLX90393 2 1623 1.62–3 AD22 MLX903 (MLX9039 162 1.62– AD2 MLX90 (MLX903 16 1.62 MLX9 (MLX90 1.6 (MLX9 (MLX

Resumen: El presente trabajo de implementación práctica muestra el diseño y la construcción de un prototipo de medidor de energía eléctrica domiciliar en el cual se puede visualizar las distintas variables en tiempo real como la tensión de la red, la corriente eléctrica, la potencia promedio, la energía consumida por la vivienda en kWh y el costo asociado de facturación mensual. El diseño del prototipo está dividido en tres etapas, la primera tiene que ver con el sistema de carga y alimentación del dispositivo, la segunda muestra el sistema de adquisición y acondicionamiento de las variables de entrada, y la tercera tiene relación con el microcontrolador Arduino Mega 2560 encargado de la etapa de procesamiento, registro y almacenamiento de la información. La construcción del prototipo se la realiza en varias fases, en primer lugar el diseño práctico en el software Proteus 8 Professional para luego implementarlo en el protoboard y más adelante montarlo en la placa PCB, finalmente se acoplan estos módulos en una caja plástica con IP-65 la cual muestra en su vista frontal la pantalla de cristal líquido acoplada para mostrar las variables de salida del dispositivo terminado. El funcionamiento del prototipo está validado mediante comparación a través de varias pruebas de aplicación práctica en un caso de estudio real versus un medidor de energía convencional. Por último el prototipo resulta idóneo para sistemas de medición de energía domiciliar ya que se adapta a las necesidades del consumidor.

Abstract: The present practical implementation work shows the design and construction of a home power energy meter that allows the real-time visualization of various variables such as grid voltage, electric current, average power, energy consumed by the household in kWh, and associated monthly billing cost. The prototype design is divided into three stages: the first one deals with the device's charging and power supply system, the second stage demonstrates the acquisition and conditioning system of the input variables, and the third stage is related to the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, responsible for the processing, logging, and storage of information. The construction of the prototype is carried out in several phases: first, the practical design is implemented in the Proteus 8 Professional software, then it is implemented on the breadboard, and later mounted on the PCB board. Finally, these modules are enclosed in an IP-65 plastic case, which features a front-facing LCD screen to display the output variables of the finished device. The prototype functionality is validated through comparison with several practical application tests, comparing it to a conventional energy meter in a real case study. Ultimately, the prototype proves to be ideal for residential energy measurement systems as it can be tailored to the needs of consumer.

ABSTRACT Soil erosion studies using rainfall simulators are generally expensive and time consuming. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a prototype of an automatic runoff collector, capable of real-time quantifying runoff volume and soil loss in field trials using a rainfall simulator. The used sensors were chosen based on the type A uncertainty computed from different volumes of water and concentrations of sediment. Through specific programming, the runoff volume, sediment concentrations and the time of occurrence of the collections corresponding to each 200 cm³ of runoff were recorded on a micro-SD card. The robustness of the calibration and the programming developed were also evaluated in the Arduino Mega® 2560 microcontroller. The pressure (PSI.420) and turbidity (ST100) sensors were selected for developing the prototype, which was evaluated in the field with the InfiAsper rainfall simulator. Then, the data collected automatically by the sensors were compared to those obtained by manual measurement. The automatic runoff collector equipped with the PSI.420 and ST100 sensors has potential to obtain and store runoff data, and it was effective in evaluating the erosion process, generating mean errors of 12.25 and 13.16% for runoff volume and soil loss, respectively. The proposed prototype has a low cost of manufacture, in addition to optimizing the collection of erosion data in studies with rainfall simulators. consuming Thus realtime real simulator 20 cm microSD micro SD card Mega 256 microcontroller PSI420 PSI 420 (PSI.420 ST (ST100 Then measurement PSI.42 ST10 process 1225 12 25 12.2 1316 13 16 13.16 respectively manufacture 2 PSI42 42 (PSI.42 (ST10 PSI.4 ST1 122 1 12. 131 13.1 PSI4 4 (PSI.4 (ST1 PSI. 13. (PSI. (ST (PSI

RESUMO Estudos relacionados à erosão do solo usando simuladores de chuva são geralmente onerosos e demorados. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um protótipo de coletor automático de escoamento superficial, capaz de quantificar em tempo real o volume de escoamento superficial e a perda de solo em ensaios de campo utilizando um simulador de chuva. Os sensores utilizados foram escolhidos com base na incerteza tipo A calculada a partir de diferentes volumes de água e concentrações de sedimentos. Por meio de programação específica, o volume da enxurrada, as concentrações de sedimentos e o tempo de ocorrência das coletas correspondentes a cada 200 cm³ de enxurrada foram registrados em um cartão micro-SD. A robustez da calibração e a programação desenvolvida também foram avaliadas no microcontrolador Arduino Mega® 2560. Os sensores de pressão (PSI.420) e de turbidez (ST100) foram selecionados para o desenvolvimento do protótipo, o qual foi avaliado em campo com o simulador de chuva InfiAsper. Em seguida, os dados coletados automaticamente pelos sensores foram comparados com os obtidos por medição manual. O coletor automático equipado com os sensores PSI.420 e ST100 tem potencial para obter e armazenar dados de escoamento, e foi eficiente na avaliação do processo erosivo, gerando erros médios de 12,25 e 13,16% para volume de escoamento e perda de solo, respectivamente. O protótipo proposto possui baixo custo de fabricação, além de otimizar a obtenção de dados de erosão em estudos com simuladores de chuva. demorados Assim específica 20 cm microSD. microSD micro SD. SD micro-SD Mega 2560 PSI420 PSI 420 (PSI.420 ST (ST100 InfiAsper seguida manual PSI.42 ST10 erosivo 1225 12 25 12,2 1316 13 16 13,16 respectivamente fabricação 2 256 PSI42 42 (PSI.42 (ST10 PSI.4 ST1 122 1 12, 131 13,1 PSI4 4 (PSI.4 (ST1 PSI. 13, (PSI. (ST (PSI

Resumen: En el presente trabajo se realizó la construcción de un prototipo didáctico que permite evaluar el funcionamiento de la protección diferencial 87, mediante la parametrización de variables, para lo cual se consideran varios parámetros, como la corriente mínima de operación, la corriente de arranque o la pendiente de operación, los cuales conjuntamente con los datos medidos, como la corriente el primario y secundario, que posibilitan determinar el valor correspondiente a la corriente diferencial, permitiendo emular la función de protección diferencial 87 y su variante porcentual. Para lograr lo anteriormente expuesto, se empleó sensores de corriente de Arduino, los cuales en conjunto con el microprocesador Nano, de la misma marca, permitirá la toma de datos, lo cuales tras su procesamiento, serán comunicados a LabVIEW donde se emplea una constante, la cual permite escalar los valores obtenidos para así, poder desarrollar la lógica de programación que permite el ingreso de parámetros, selección de TC’s, cálculo de la corriente diferencial y mínima de operación, así como también la identificación de las zonas de operación.

Abstract: In the present work, the construction of a didactic prototype was carried out that allows evaluating the operation of the differential protection 87, through the parameterization of variables, for which several parameters are considered, such as the minimum operating current, the starting current or the pending operation, which together with the measured data, such as the primary and secondary current, which make it possible to determine the value corresponding to the differential current, allowing emulation of the differential protection function 87 and its percentage variant. To achieve the above, Arduino current sensors were used, which together with the Nano microprocessor, of the same brand, will allow data collection, which after processing, will be communicated to LabVIEW where a constant is used, which allows scaling the values obtained in order to develop the programming logic that allows the entry of parameters, selection of CT's, calculation of the differential and minimum operating current, as well as the identification of the operating zones.

ABSTRACT The development of computer programming skills is relevant in various educational and curricular contexts. In addition, hands-on robotics, maker activities and project-based problem solving have provided relevant results for students who attend these activities. However, even with low-cost technologies and platforms such as Arduino and ESP8266, installation challenges and costs can often prevent access to these educational resources. In this sense, the Block Based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES) project was conceived at the beginning of 2020 with the objective of facilitating these activities, offering resources such as block programming, support for multiple embedded devices, and flexibility of not requiring the installation or configuration of any additional software. This article describes the operational aspects of the BIPES project and presents some aspects of its use in workshops and other activities. Currently, the project has more than 10,000 users. contexts addition handson hands on robotics projectbased based However lowcost low cost ESP8266 ESP sense (BIPES 202 devices software Currently 10000 10 000 10,00 users ESP826 20 1000 1 00 10,0 ESP82 2 100 0 10, ESP8

RESUMO O desenvolvimento de habilidades de programação de computadores é relevante em diversos contextos educacionais. As atividades práticas maker, de robótica e solução de problemas por projetos trazem resultados importantes para alunos que participam desses tipos de atividade. Entretanto, mesmo com tecnologias acessíveis, como o Arduino e o ESP8266, os custos e a dificuldade de instalação podem restringir o acesso a esses recursos educacionais. Nesse sentido, o Projeto Block Based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES) foi concebido no início do ano de 2020 com o objetivo de facilitar essas atividades, oferecendo recursos como programação por blocos, suporte a vários dispositivos embarcados e a flexibilidade de dispensar a instalação e configuração de qualquer software adicional. Este artigo descreve os aspectos operacionais do Projeto BIPES e apresenta alguns resultados do seu uso em oficinas e outras atividades. Atualmente, o projeto conta com mais de 10 mil usuários. educacionais maker atividade Entretanto acessíveis ESP8266 ESP sentido (BIPES 202 blocos adicional Atualmente 1 usuários ESP826 20 ESP82 2 ESP8

Abstract In the article, the authors propose technological projects to develop computational thinking following the phases of problem-solving: understanding the problem, elaboration of the plan, execution of the plan and revision of the solution. During the execution of the projects, the students carried out activities, such as the elaboration of algorithms, programming of the Arduino board and sensors from a friendly and playful interface such as the mBlock; as well as the debugging of programs until obtaining the expected results; These activities carried out by the students had an impact on cognitive processes (reasoning, decision making, understanding of the environment, logic, etc.), practices and technological perspectives. It has been shown that there is a causality between computational thinking skills and problem-solving phases in an environment of engineering students who have just entered university. For the analysis of the relationship between computational thinking skills and problem solving, the Pearson correlation statistical test was used through SPSS software.

Resumen En el artículo, los autores proponen proyectos tecnológicos para desarrollar el pensamiento computacional siguiendo las fases de la resolución de problemas: comprensión del problema, elaboración del plan, ejecución del plan y revisión de la solución. Durante la ejecución de los proyectos, los alumnos realizaron actividades, como elaboración de algoritmos, programación de la placa Arduino y sensores desde una interfaz amigable y lúdica como el mBlock; así como la depuración de programas hasta obtener los resultados esperados; estas actividades realizadas por los alumnos, repercutieron en los procesos cognitivos (razonamiento, toma de decisiones, comprensión del entorno, lógica, etc.), prácticas y perspectivas tecnológicas. Se ha demostrado que existe causalidad entre las habilidades del pensamiento computacional y las fases de la resolución de problemas en un entorno de estudiantes de ingeniería de reciente ingreso a la universidad. Para el análisis de la relación entre las habilidades del pensamiento computacional y resolución de problemas se utilizó la prueba estadística de correlación de Pearson a través del software SPSS.

Abstract Automating remotely controlled intelligent systems to collect, analyze, and process data is one of the most common applications in different fields of application. Usually, analyzing the animal's diet requires much time and human capital; the experiments consist of placing the animal in a cage to collect consumption data. In this sense, incorporating technology to analyze the consumption of dry matter in ruminants is essential to increase the productive performance of the animal. This document focuses on developing a monitoring system for data collection, such as temperature and humidity, as well as the weight of food throughout the nutritional experiment, using a mobile application developed in Android Studio that sends and receives the information via Bluetooth technology to an electronic device based on the Arduino Nano microcontroller.

Resumen La automatización de sistemas inteligentes controlados remotamente para recolectar, analizar y procesar datos es una de las aplicaciones más comunes en diferentes campos de aplicación. Usualmente, para analizar la dieta del animal se requiere mucho tiempo y capital humano; los experimentos consisten en colocar al animal en una jaula para recolectar datos de consumo. En este sentido, incorporar tecnología para analizar el consumo de materia seca en rumiantes es fundamental para incrementar el desempeño productivo del animal. Este documento se enfoca en desarrollar un sistema de monitoreo para la recolección de datos, tales como la temperatura y la humedad, así como el peso de los alimentos a lo largo del experimento nutricional, utilizando una aplicación móvil desarrollada en Android Studio que envía y recibe la información vía tecnología Bluetooth a un dispositivo electrónico basado en el microcontrolador Arduino Nano.

Abstract We propose and experimentally investigate two distinct power-over-Fiber (PoF) approaches, aiming to remotely power Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensing systems for Industry 4.0 environments. The first proof-of-concept is focused on demonstrating a 1-W optical power transmission through a 50-m-fiber-optic link for powering an Arduino Uno, a temperature sensor (DS1820B), and a 433-MHz transceiver (FS1000A). The designed PoF link is able to provide up to 280 mW with power transmission efficiency (PTE) of 28.9%. The second implementation is based on a 100-m PoF link capable of transmitting over 0.6-W optical power and delivering 140-mW electrical power with PTE of 23%. In this scheme, an Arduino Pro Mini, another temperature sensor (LM35), and a 2.4-GHz transceiver (nRF24L01+) are employed. A voltage stability analysis enables to demonstrate that our PoF system is capable of delivering stable output voltage at 8.5 V and 5 V, with only 0.6% and 0.2% voltage fluctuations. In addition, an industrial oven is employed to evaluate the sensor performance considering temperature measurements from both sensing systems. The obtained results demonstrate that PoF might be considered as a potential technology to optically-power IoT wireless sensing systems for Industry 4.0 scenarios. poweroverFiber Fiber (PoF approaches InternetofThings Internet Things (IoT 40 4 0 4. environments proofofconcept proof concept 1W W 1 50mfiberoptic mfiberoptic 50 m fiber optic Uno DS1820B, DS1820B DSB , DS B (DS1820B) 433MHz MHz 433 FS1000A. FS1000A FSA . FS (FS1000A) 28 (PTE 289 9 28.9% 100m 100 0.6W 06W 0.6 6 140mW 140 23 23% scheme Mini LM35, LM35 LM (LM35) 2.4GHz 24GHz GHz 2.4 2 nRF24L01+ nRF24L01 nRFL nRF L (nRF24L01+ 85 8 8. 06 02 0.2 fluctuations addition opticallypower optically scenarios (DS1820B 43 (FS1000A 28.9 10 6W 0. 14 LM3 (LM35 4GHz 24 2. nRF24L0 (nRF24L01 28. (LM3 nRF24L (nRF24L0 (LM (nRF24L

Resumen: Los sistemas tradicionales de producción y manufactura se basan en una producción en masa o en lotes donde los productos poseen las mismas características para todos los clientes. Ante los cambios en las tendencias tecnologías y requerimientos de los clientes, surge la producción personalizada, en la cual el cliente es una fuente de información para la línea de fabricación inteligente. En el presente trabajo, se diseña un dispensador inteligente de frutos secos con el cual los clientes puedan realizar el pedido seleccionando la cantidad en gramos de cuatro tipos de frutos secos. En el sistema se implementa una arquitectura de Internet de las Cosas (IoT) compuesta de tres capas: dispositivos, procesamiento y servicios en la nube. La capa de dispositivos utiliza sensores, actuadores, y mecanismos para la dispensación. La capa de procesamiento de datos en la niebla se realiza mediante las tarjetas electrónicas Arduino Mega y ESP8266. En la capa de servicios en la nube, se desarrolló las interfaces Web para clientes y administradores, estas interactúan permanentemente con una base de datos MySQL. En las pruebas se obtuvo un tiempo máximo de retardo de actualización de datos de 1,3 segundos, el tiempo promedio de llegada de un nuevo pedido fue de 1,7 segundos y un error promedio de 0.8 gramos en la dispensación. El dispensador posee características como flexibilidad al preparar el producto, conectividad, interacción constante con los usuarios, y actualizaciones de estado del sistema en tiempo real que lo integran a las tecnologías usadas en la Industria 4.0.

Abstract: Traditional production and manufacturing systems are based on mass or batch production where products have the same characteristics for all customers. Given the changes in technology trends and customer requirements, personalized production arises, in which the customer is a source of information for the intelligent manufacturing line. In the present work, an intelligent dispenser of mixed nuts is designed in which customers can place the order by selecting the quantity in grams of four types of nuts. The system implements an architecture of Internet of the Things (IoT) composed of three layers: devices, processing, and cloud services. The device layer uses sensors, actuators, and mechanisms in the dispensing system. The processing layer is done by fog computing with the Arduino Mega and ESP8266 electronic cards. In the cloud services layer, the Web interfaces for clients and administrators were developed, these interact permanently with a MySQL database. In the tests, the maximum data update delay time was 1.3 seconds, the average arrival time of a new order was 1.7 seconds, and an average error was 0.8 grams in dispensing. The smart dispenser has features that integrate it with the technologies used in Industry 4.0, such as: flexibility when preparing the product, connectivity, constant interaction with users, and real-time system status updates.

Abstract: Sickle cell disease is a group of health disorders that affect hemoglobin in red blood cells. Sickle cell disease causes multiple manifestations and complications, including infections, delayed growth, pain crisis, and multi-organs damage. These complications can disturb the patients' vital signs, including body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. The decline in hemoglobin level is another indication of sickle cell disease due to abnormal hemoglobin that distorts red blood cells resulting in sickle cell anemia. RBCs, also called erythrocytes, are found in the blood and responsible for carrying oxygen to the body tissues attached to the hemoglobin. Optical microscopy can detect and monitor sickle cell disease, but it requires a blood sample and offline analysis, which is a time-consuming process. There is currently no known technology available to provide non-invasive monitoring solutions for sickle cell disease patients' health. Therefore, a need arises for a non-invasive and continuous monitoring solution to continuously check on sickle cell disease patients, which can be transformed into a wearable monitoring device. The proposed optical wristband consists of optical sensors that provide non-invasive and continuous health status monitoring of sickle cell disease patients using key vital signs and hemoglobin levels. A comparative study was performed among 21 participants and equally divided into three groups (non-anemic, anemic, and sickle cell disease patients). The data was collected from optical sensors, Arduino used as a processor, and continuously monitors the patient's vital signs and hemoglobin levels. Abnormal reading of any parameter alerts the user of any unhealthy status, and the parameter's trend assists the clinician in patient assessment. The body temperature and oxygen saturation levels of the anemic patients were found in the normal ranges, but the heart rate of three patients and hemoglobin of all the participants were found in aberrant ranges. The vital signs and hemoglobin levels of all sickle cell disease patients were beyond the normal ranges and significantly different (p>0.001) than non-anemic and anemic groups. Therefore, these physiological parameters monitoring has clinical importance for sickle cell disease management and early treatment.