Double-layer Ni-P coatings with low phosphorus content in the inner layer and high phosphorus content in the outer layer and Ni-Mo-P composite coatings are successfully prepared on the surface of AZ91D magnesium alloy by chemical plating process. The microstructures, friction and corrosion resistance of double-layer Ni-P and Ni-Mo-P coatings are studied in comparison. Meanwhile, the deposition and corrosion resistance mechanism for the coatings are investigated. Results convey that both Ni-P and Ni-Mo-P coatings showcase an amorphous structure. The coating possesses denser and more homogeneous structure with the co-doping of Mo. The micro-indentation hardness (859.7 HV) and friction coefficient (0.58) of Ni-Mo-P coatings show that the ternary alloy coating is firmly bonded to the magnesium alloy substrate. Besides, the Ni-Mo-P coatings demonstrate exceptional wear resistance attributed to Mo co-deposition, fostering grain refinement and facilitating the growth of passivation films.

Resumen: En la era del cientificismo, no es sorprendente revivir la visión realista de Lukács de la literatura. Aunque algunos estudiosos han criticado su visión holística, a juzgar por la preocupación por la realidad de la vida humana y la crítica de la realidad social, su visión realista de la literatura es exactamente lo que los tiempos necesitan. En el contexto del postmodernismo, cuando se critica su visión universal e ideológica del pueblo, se ignora la utilidad de esta visión universal para lograr los efectos realistas de la crítica literaria basada en la visión universal irracional. Su "realismo" no es lo mismo que la "imitación" del realismo clásico, ni la "reproducción" del realismo crítico. La creación artística, incluida la literatura, no es solo una simple adhesión a la realidad social, sino un reflejo de la realidad social histórica general a través de prototipos. Resumen cientificismo holística necesitan postmodernismo pueblo irracional "realismo imitación "imitación clásico reproducción "reproducción crítico artística prototipos

Abstract: In the age of scientism, it is not a surprise to revisit Lukács’ realist view of literature. Although some scholars have criticized his holism view, his realist view of literature is exactly what the times need, in terms of its concern for the reality of human life and its criticism of social reality. This general view is useful in realizing the realistic effect of literary criticism based on the criticism of an irrational general view. However, people overlook this point when criticizing his general and ideological view. His “realism” is not the same as the “imitation” of classical realism, nor is it the same as the “reproduction” of critical realism. The creation of art, including literature, is not just a simple adherence to social reality, but a reflection of the overall historical social reality through archetypes. Abstract scientism Lukács need However realism “realism imitation “imitation reproduction “reproduction art archetypes

Abstract Introduction: dysphagia is a common complication of stroke, and serum albumin is widely recognized as a strong prognostic marker of health and/or disease status. However, the correlation between dysphagia and serum albumin levels has not been established. Objectives: to observe the correlation between dysphagia and serum albumin levels and prognosis in patients with stroke. Methods: we performed a retrospective study of patients hospitalized between June 1, 2018, and June 1, 2022. A total of 1,370 patients were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: dysphagia and non-dysphagia. Binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the correlation between dysphagia, albumin, modified Rankin Scale (mRS), activities of daily living (ADL), and length of hospital stay (LOS). Results: after adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of pneumonia in the dysphagia group was 2.417 times higher than that in the non-dysphagia group (OR = 2.417, 95 % CI: 1.902-3.072, p = 0.000). The risk of mRS ≥ 3 and modified Barthel index (MBI) < 60 in patients with dysphagia was 3.272-fold (OR = 3.272, 95 % CI: 2.508-4.269, p < 0.001) and 1.670-fold (OR = 1.670, 95 % CI: 1.230-2.268, p < 0.001), respectively; and the risk of hypoproteinemia was 2.533 times higher (OR = 2.533, 95 % CI: 1.879-3.414, p = 0.000). Stepwise linear regression showed that dysphagia was significantly correlated with lower albumin levels and higher mRS, lower ADL, and longer LOS in patients with stroke (β = -0.220, β = 0.265, β = -0.210, and β = 0.147, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusions: dysphagia in patients with stroke is associated with decreased albumin levels and has an impact on its prognosis.

Resumen Introducción: la disfagia es una complicación común del accidente cerebrovascular, y la albúmina sérica es ampliamente reconocida como un fuerte marcador pronóstico del estado de salud y/o enfermedad. Sin embargo, no se ha establecido la correlación entre la disfagia y los niveles de albúmina sérica. Objetivos: observar la correlación entre la disfagia y los niveles de albúmina sérica y el pronóstico en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular. Métodos: realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes hospitalizados entre el 1 de junio de 2018 y el 1 de junio de 2022. Se inscribieron un total de 1.370 pacientes, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos: con disfagia y sin disfagia. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística binaria y de regresión lineal múltiple para analizar la correlación entre la disfagia, la albúmina, la escala de Rankin modificada (ERm), las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (TEH). Resultados: después de ajustar por factores de confusión, el riesgo de neumonía en el grupo de disfagia fue 2,417 veces mayor que en el grupo sin disfagia (OR = 2,417, IC 95 %: 1,902-3,072, p = 0,000). El riesgo de ERm ≥ 3 y el índice de Barthel modificado (MBI) < 60 en pacientes con disfagia se multiplicó por 3,272 veces (OR = 3,272, IC 95 %: 2,508-4,269, p < 0,001) y 1,670 veces (OR = 1,670, IC 95 %: 1,230-2,268, p < 0,001), respectivamente; el riesgo de hipoproteinemia fue 2,533 veces mayor (OR = 2,533, IC 95 %: 1,879-3,414, p = 0,000). La regresión lineal por pasos mostró que la disfagia se correlacionó significativamente con niveles más bajos de albúmina y ERm más altos, AVD más bajos y TEH más prolongados en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular (β = -0,220, β = 0,265, β = -0,210 y β = 0,147, respectivamente; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: la disfagia en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular se asocia a una disminución de los niveles de albúmina y repercute en su pronóstico.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the optimal timing of initial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients. Methods: KD patients were classified as the early group (day 1-4), conventional group (day 5-7), conventional group (day 8-10), and late group (after day 10). Differences among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA and Chi-square analysis. Predictors of IVIG resistance and the optimal cut-off value were determined by multiple logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in IVIG resistance among the 4 groups (p = 0.335). The sensitivity analysis also confirmed no difference in the IVIG resistance between those who started the initial IVIG ≤ day 7 of illness and those who received IVIG >day 7 of illness (p = 0.761). In addition, patients who received IVIG administration more than 7 days from the onset had a higher proportion of coronary artery abnormalities (p = 0.034) and longer length of hospitalization (p = 0.033) than those who started IVIG administration less than 7 days. The optimal cut-off value of initial IVIG administration time for predicting IVIG resistance was >7 days, with a sensitivity of 75.25% and specificity of 82.41%. Conclusions: IVIG therapy within 7 days of illness is found to be more effective for reducing the risk of coronary artery abnormalities than those who received IVIG >day 7 of illness. IVIG treatment within the 7 days of illness seems to be the optimal therapeutic window of IVIG. However, further prospective studies with long-term follow-up are required.

Abstract Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multiple algorithms was used to determinate the tea polyphenols content in Chongzhou new loquat tea lines quickly and nondestructively. Samples of 26 Chongzhou new loquat tea lines were collected, then scanning NIRS, pretreating spectral noise information, screening characteristic spectral intervals by backward interval partial least squares, proceeding principal component analysis. Finally, the artificial neural network (BP-ANN) method with three kinds of transfer functions was applied to establish models. The best pretreated method was the combination of standard normal variation (SNV) and first derivative, and the characteristic spectral regions selected were 4381.5-4755.6 cm–1, 4759.5-5133.6 cm–1, 6266.6-6637.8 cm–1 and 7389.9-7760.2 cm–1, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components of the selected characteristic spectra was 95.24%. When the BP-ANN calibration set model was established with the logistic function, NIRS model had the best results, whose root mean square error and determination coefficient of the cross validation were 0.975 and 0.372%, respectively. The root mean square error and the determination coefficient of the prediction set model were 0.962 and 0.400%, respectively. The results showed NIRS can predict the tea polyphenols content in Chongzhou new loquat tea lines quickly and accurately.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the design of a safflower picking robot control system and focuses on a navigation control subsystem based on multisensor fusion. A navigation subsystem, an identification and positioning subsystem, a picking subsystem, and a levelling subsystem are designed. The hardware and software of the navigation subsystem are designed in detail, and a multisensor fusion positioning method based on extended Kalman fusion technology is proposed. The accuracy and stability levels of different combined navigation methods are compared. To test the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method, an outdoor test is carried out. The test results show that the outdoor fusion positioning accuracy of the robot is less than 8 cm, and when the satellite signal is lost, the navigation control subsystem can still provide high positioning accuracy. The final positioning result obtained using the integrated positioning method of the wheel odometer + IMU + DGNSS is approximately 52% higher than that of the odometer, approximately 29% higher than that of the wheel odometer + IMU, and approximately 11% higher than that of the IMU + DGNSS.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cherry extract has a high amount of anthocyanins and flavonoids containing antioxidant effects. Its high antioxidant characteristics have been shown to reduce markers of delayed muscle soreness (DOMS) and exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) to improve recovery after exercise. Objective: Verify the effects of the cherry extract on post-exercise muscle damage. Methods: Google scholar, Medline, and Scopus were systematically searched until February 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was applied to determine the risks of bias. Results: The results showed that cherry extract administration did not have a decreasing impact on creatine kinase levels overall: (WMD = 12.85 IU. L-1, 95% CI: −35.94, 61.64; P = 0.606). Considerable heterogeneity was observed among the articles (Cochran's Q-test = 990.80, P = 0.000, I2 = 96.7 %). However, there is a significant reducing effect on pain sensation by the consumption of cherry extract (WMD = −6.105 mm; 95% CI: −11.193 −1.017; p = 0.019). Conclusion: Cherry extract consumption effectively reduced late-onset muscle pain among participants in the overall and subgroup analysis. Thus, the cherry extract may be a complementary alternative in recovery after exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Manuscript review.

RESUMEN Introducción: El extracto de cereza tiene una gran cantidad de antocianinas y flavonoides con efectos antioxidantes. Se ha demostrado que sus altas características antioxidantes reducen los marcadores de dolor muscular retardado (DOMS) y el daño muscular inducido por el ejercicio (EIMD) para mejorar la recuperación después del ejercicio. Objetivo: Verificar los efectos del extracto de cereza en el daño muscular posterior al ejercicio. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas en Google scholar, Medline y Scopus hasta febrero de 2022. Se aplicó la herramienta de colaboración Cochrane para determinar los riesgos de sesgo. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la administración de extracto de cereza no tuvo un impacto decreciente en los niveles de creatina quinasa en general: (WMD = 12,85 UI. L-1, IC del 95%: −35,94, 61,64; P = 0,606). Se observó una considerable heterogeneidad entre los artículos (prueba Q de Cochran = 990,80, P = 0,000, I2 = 96,7 %). Sin embargo, el consumo de extracto de cereza tiene un efecto significativo de reducción del dolor (WMD = −6,105 mm; IC del 95%: −11,193 −1,017; p = 0,019). Conclusión: El consumo de extracto de cereza fue eficaz para reducir el dolor muscular de aparición tardía entre los participantes en el análisis global y de subgrupos. Así, el extracto de cereza puede ser una alternativa complementaria en la recuperación después de los ejercicios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Revisión de manuscritos.

RESUMO Introdução: O extrato de cereja tem uma alta quantidade de antocianinas e flavonóides contendo efeitos antioxidantes. Suas altas características antioxidantes demonstraram reduzir os marcadores de dor muscular retardada (DOMS) e dano muscular induzido pelo exercício (EIMD) para melhorar a recuperação após o exercício. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos do extrato de cereja nos danos musculares pós-exercício. Métodos: Google scholar, Medline e Scopus foram sistematicamente pesquisados até fevereiro de 2022. A ferramenta de colaboração da Cochrane foi aplicada para determinar os riscos de viés. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a administração do extrato de cereja não teve um impacto decrescente nos níveis de creatina quinase em geral: (WMD = 12,85 IU. L-1, 95% CI: −35,94, 61,64; P = 0,606). Uma heterogeneidade considerável foi observada entre os artigos (teste Q da Cochran = 990,80, P = 0,000, I2 = 96,7 %). Porém, há um efeito redutor significativo na sensação de dor pelo consumo de extrato de cereja (WMD = −6,105 mm; 95% CI: −11,193 −1,017; p = 0,019). Conclusão: O consumo de extrato de cereja foi efetivo na redução de dores musculares de início tardio entre os participantes, na análise geral e nos subgrupos. Assim, o extrato de cereja pode ser uma alternativa complementar na recuperação após os exercícios. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - Revisão de manuscritos.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the Shikonin (SHI) induce autophagy of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) and the mechanism of which in repairing hypertrophic scar. Methods: This study showed that SHI induced autophagy from HSFs and repaired skin scars through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Alamar Blue and Sirius red were used to identify cell activity and collagen. Electron microscopy, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, fluorescence and other methods were used to identify autophagy. The differences in the expression of autophagy and AMPK/mTOR pathway-related proteins after SHI treatment were quantitatively analyzed by Western blots. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of LC3, AMPK and ULK after adding chloroquine (CQ) autophagy inhibitor. Results: After treatment with SHI for 24 hours, it was found that the viability of HSFs was significantly reduced, the protein expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 increased, while the protein expression of P62 decreased. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK increased and expression of phosphorylated mTOR decreased. After the use of CQ, the cell autophagy caused by SHI was blocked. The key genes LC3 and P62 were then reexamined by immunohistochemistry using a porcine full-thickness burn hypertrophic scar model, and the results verified that SHI could induce autophagy in vivo. Conclusions: These findings suggested that SHI promoted autophagy of HSFs cells, and the potential mechanism may be related to the AMPK/mTOR signal pathway, which provided new insights for the treatment of hypertrophic scars.

Abstract Objectives Cardiac involvement is one of the most serious complications of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) that indicates poor prognosis. However, there is a lack of effective biomarkers for the identification of cardiac involvement and the prediction of prognosis in IIM. Here, we aimed to explore the value of different cardiac biomarkers in IIM patients. Methods A total of 142 IIM patients in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital from July 2019 to October 2022 were included in this study. The clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, treatments and prognosis were recorded. The disease activity was assessed according to the core set measures. The correlations of the serum cardiac biomarkers levels with disease activity were analyzed by the Spearman correlation test. Risk factors for cardiac involvement were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Higher high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels were associated with cardiac involvement (n = 41) in IIM patients [adjusted OR 7.810 (95% CI: 1.962–31.097); p = 0.004], independent of other serum cardiac biomarkers. The abnormal hs-cTnI had the highest AUC for distinguishing of cardiac involvement in IIM patients (AUC = 0.848, 95% CI: 0.772,0.924; p < 0.001). Besides, we found that high serum levels of hs-cTnI were significantly correlated with disease activity. Moreover, patients with higher serum levels of hs-cTnI tended to suffer from poor prognosis. Conclusions Serum hs-cTnI testing may play a role in screening for cardiac involvement in IIM patients. Abnormal levels of serum hs-cTnI were associated with increased disease activity and poor prognosis. Key Points Among all the cardiac biomarkers, the serum levels of hs-cTnI were independently associated with cardiac involvement in IIM patients. The serum levels of hs-cTnI were significantly correlated with disease activity in IIM patients. The abnormal hs-cTnI levels were correlated with poor prognosis in IIM patients.

Abstract Objectives The deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals within synovial joints and tissues is the initiating factor for gout arthritis. Thus, MSU crystals are a vital tool for studying gout's molecular mechanism in animal and cellular models. This study mainly compared the excellence and worseness of MSU crystals prepared by different processes and the degree of inflammation induced by MSU crystals. Methods MSU crystals were prepared using neutralization, alkali titration, and acid titration methods. The crystals' shape, length, quality, and uniformity were observed by polarized light microscopy and calculated by the software Image J. The foot pad and air pouch models were used to assess the different degrees of inflammation induced by the MSU crystals prepared by the three different methods at different time points. Paw swelling was evaluated by caliper. In air pouch lavage fluid, inflammatory cell recruitment was measured by hemocytometer, and the level of IL-1β TNF- α, and IL-18 by ELISA. Inflammatory cell infiltration was assayed by immunohistochemistry of air pouch synovial slices. Results For the preparation of MSU crystals with the same uric acid, the quantity acquired by the alkalization method was highest, followed by neutralization, with the acid titration method being the lowest. The crystals prepared by neutralization were the longest. The swelling index of the foot pad induced by MSU crystals prepared by acid titration was significantly lower than that of the other methods at 24 h. The inflammatory cell recruitment and level of 1-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18 in air pouch lavage fluid were lowest in animals with crystals prepared by acid titration. IL-1β secretion induced by MSU crystals prepared by acid titration was significantly lower than that of the other two groups, but there was no significant difference in IL-18 secretion between the three groups in THP-1 macrophages and BMDMs. Conclusions All three methods can successfully prepare MSU crystals, but the levels of inflammation induced by the crystals prepared by the three methods were not identical. The degree of inflammation induced by MSU crystals prepared by neutralization and alkalization is greater than by acid titration, but the quantity of MSU crystals obtained by the alkalization method is higher and less time-consuming. Apparently, the window of inflammation triggered by acid titration preparation is shorter compared to other forms of crystal preparation. Overall, MSU crystals prepared by the alkaline method should be recommended for studying the molecular mechanisms of gout in animal and cellular models.

RESUMO Objetivo: Explorar a influência do curso opcional de voleibol sobre a saúde física dos estudantes universitários. Método: Neste estudo, 160 estudantes universitários (n=89, feminino (n=71)) da série 2019 da Escola T foram selecionados como objetos de pesquisa, com idades entre 19-21 anos. Através de revisão de literatura, entrevista, medição e estatísticas matemáticas, este trabalho testa a qualidade da força dos estudantes, a qualidade da velocidade, a qualidade da resistência e a flexibilidade. Resultados: O índice médio de 1000 metros antes e depois do curso eletivo de voleibol para estudantes masculinos, índice médio de 800 metros antes e depois do curso eletivo de voleibol feminino, a comparação do salto em distância, o índice médio de 50 metros entre estudantes masculinos e femininos antes e depois da aula eletiva de voleibol apresentaram uma significante diferença estatística (P < 0,05). Entretanto, o índice médio comparativo dos dados antes e depois da aula eletiva de pull-up, sit-up e flexão sentada após o voleibol não apresenta diferença estatística. Conclusão: O estudo demonstra que o treinamento na aula de vôlei tem um impacto positivo sobre a saúde física dos estudantes universitários. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos – investigação de resultados de tratamento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the influence of volleyball elective course on college students’ physical health. Methods: In this study, 160 college students (n=89, female (n=71)) of the 2019 series of School T were selected as research subjects, aged 19-21 years. Through literature review, interview, measurement and mathematical statistics, this paper tests students’ strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality and flexibility. Results: the average index of 1000 meters before and after the elective volleyball course for male students; average index of 800 meters before and after the elective volleyball course for female students; The comparison of long jump and average index of 50 meters between male and female students before and after the elective volleyball class shows a significant statistical difference (P < 0.05). However, the comparative mean index of the data before and after the pull-up, sit-up and sit-up flexion elective class after volleyball shows no statistical difference. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that training in volleyball class has a positive impact on the physical health of college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar la influencia del curso optativo de voleibol en la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios. Método: En este estudio, se seleccionaron como sujetos de investigación 160 estudiantes universitarios (n=89, mujeres (n=71)) de la serie 2019 de la Escuela T, de entre 19 y 21 años. A través de la revisión de la literatura, la entrevista, la medición y la estadística matemática, este trabajo pone a prueba la calidad de la fuerza, la calidad de la velocidad, la calidad de la resistencia y la flexibilidad de los estudiantes. Resultados: el índice medio de 1000 metros antes y después del curso de voleibol optativo para los alumnos varones; el índice medio de 800 metros antes y después del curso de voleibol optativo para las alumnas; la comparación del salto de longitud y el índice medio de 50 metros entre los alumnos varones y las alumnas antes y después de la clase de voleibol optativo muestra una diferencia estadística significativa (P < 0,05). Sin embargo, el índice medio comparativo de los datos antes y después de la clase electiva de pull-up, sit-up y flexión sentada después del voleibol no muestra ninguna diferencia estadística. Conclusión: El estudio demuestra que el entrenamiento en la clase de voleibol tiene un impacto positivo en la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos – investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: O futebol é um esporte intensamente competitivo. Com o seu desenvolvimento e elevação no nível das técnicas, são apresentadas exigências mais altas para a aptidão física, estratégia e tática dos atletas. Um bom protocolo de treinamento físico é essencial para atingir essas metas. Objetivo: Estudar como os jogadores de futebol podem melhorar sua função física no treinamento físico. Métodos: Os jogadores de futebol de uma escola foram selecionados como objetos de pesquisa. Intervenções de treinamento físico e testes de acompanhamento foram feitos em jogadores de futebol durante o treinamento. O treinamento físico incluiu um teste de função física e um teste de composição corporal. Finalmente, o software SPSS16.0 foi usado para análise estatística dos dados obtidos. Resultados: Os valores médios de concentração de hemoglobina e células vermelhas sanguíneas no teste final dos atletas aumentaram ligeiramente em comparação com o primeiro, a diferença não foi significativa (P>0,05). Entretanto, o índice do hematócritos melhorou significativamente com efeito significativo (P<0,01). Conclusão: O treinamento físico pode reduzir o conteúdo de gordura corporal na função física dos jogadores de futebol e reduzir o peso dos jogadores de futebol. Esse modo de treinamento físico pode ser usado como um padrão de referência para o treinamento físico de outras equipes de futebol de alto nível. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Soccer is an intensely competitive sport. With its development and elevation in techniques, athletes’ higher demands for physical fitness, strategy, and tactics are presented. An excellent physical training protocol is essential to achieve these goals. Objective: To study how soccer players can improve their physical function in physical training. Methods: Soccer players from a school were selected as research subjects. Physical training interventions and follow-up tests were performed on soccer players during training. Physical training included a physical function test and a body composition test. Finally, SPSS16.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Results: The mean hemoglobin and red blood cell concentration mean values in the athletes’ final test increased slightly compared to the first test; the difference was insignificant (P>0.05). However, the hematocrit index improved significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: Physical training can reduce the body fat content in the physical function of soccer players and reduce the weight of soccer players. This physical training mode can be used as a reference standard for the physical training of other high-level soccer teams. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

Resumen Introducción: El fútbol es un deporte intensamente competitivo. Con su desarrollo y elevación en el nivel de las técnicas, se presentan mayores exigencias para la aptitud física, la estrategia y la táctica de los atletas. Un buen protocolo de entrenamiento físico es esencial para alcanzar estos objetivos. Objetivo: Estudiar cómo los jugadores de fútbol pueden mejorar su función física en el entrenamiento físico. Métodos: Se seleccionaron jugadores de fútbol de una escuela como sujetos de la investigación. Se realizaron intervenciones de entrenamiento físico y pruebas de seguimiento a los jugadores de fútbol durante el entrenamiento. El entrenamiento físico incluyó una prueba de función física y una prueba de composición corporal. Finalmente, se utilizó el software SPSS16.0 para el análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos. Resultados: Los valores medios de concentración de hemoglobina y glóbulos rojos en la prueba final de los atletas aumentaron ligeramente en comparación con la primera prueba, la diferencia no fue significativa (P>0,05). Sin embargo, el índice de hematocrito mejoró significativamente con un efecto importante (P<0,01). Conclusión: El entrenamiento físico puede reducir el contenido de grasa corporal en la función física de los futbolistas y reducir el peso de los mismos. Este modo de entrenamiento físico puede utilizarse como norma de referencia para el entrenamiento físico de otros equipos de fútbol de alto nivel. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

The 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) is an attractive target for the development of anti-SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) drugs. In this work, a series of oxazolidinone derivatives 3a-3v were synthesized and their inhibitory activities against SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 3CLpro were evaluated by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based enzymatic assay. Among synthesized compounds, 3g displayed the best inhibitory activity, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 14.47 μM. Also, docking studies implied that compound 3g was fitted into the active pocket of 3CLpro, forming a hydrogen bond with Glu166.

Resumo Introdução As grandes perfurações traumáticas da membrana timpânica geralmente apresentam falha de cicatrização e requerem tempos de cicatrização mais longos; poucos estudos compararam os resultados de cicatrização e a audição dessas perfurações obtidos com curativo de Gelfoam® e solução otológica de ofloxacina. Objetivo Comparar os resultados de cicatrização de grandes perfurações traumáticas da membrana timpânica tratadas com Gelfoam®, solução otológica de ofloxacina e cicatrização espontânea. Método Perfurações traumáticas de > 50% de todo o tímpano foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: tratamento com solução otológica de ofloxacina, com curativo de Gelfoam® e grupo de cicatrização espontânea. O resultado da cicatrização e o ganho auditivo foram comparados entre os três grupos após 6 meses. Resultados Foram incluídos nas análises 136 pacientes com grandes perfurações traumáticas de membrana timpânica. As taxas de cicatrização foram de 97,6% (40/41), 87,2% (41/47) e 79,2% (38/48) com a solução otológica de ofloxacina, curativo de Gelfoam® e grupos de cicatrização espontânea, respectivamente (p = 0,041). O tempo médio de cicatrização foi de 13,12 ± 4,61, 16,47 ± 6,24 e 49,51 ± 18,22 dias nesses grupos, respectivamente (p < 0,001). Conclusões O curativo de Gelfoam® e a solução otológica de ofloxacina podem servir como estratégias de tratamento eficazes e de baixo custo para grandes perfurações traumáticas de membrana timpânica. Entretanto, a solução otológica de ofloxacina deve ser autoaplicada diariamente para manter a borda da perfuração úmida, enquanto o curativo de Gelfoam® requer sua remoção e reaplicação periódicas.

Abstract Introduction Traumatic large tympanic membrane perforations usually fail to heal and require longer healing times. Few studies have compared the healing and hearing outcomes between gelatin sponge patching and ofloxacin otic solution. Objectives To compare the healing outcomes of large traumatic tympanic membrane perforations treated with gelatin sponge, ofloxacin otic solution, and spontaneous healing. Methods Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations >50% of the entire eardrum were randomly divided into three groups: ofloxacin otic solution, gelatin sponge patch and spontaneous healing groups. The healing outcome and hearing gain were compared between the three groups at 6 months. Results A total of 136 patients with large traumatic tympanic membrane perforations were included in analyses. The closure rates were 97.6% (40/41), 87.2% (41/47), and 79.2% (38/48) in the ofloxacin otic solution, gelatin sponge patch, and spontaneous healing groups, respectively (p = 0.041). The mean times to closure were 13.12 ± 4.61, 16.47 ± 6.24, and 49.51 ± 18.22 days in these groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions Gelatin sponge patch and ofloxacin otic solution may serve as effective and inexpensive treatment strategies for traumatic large tympanic membrane perforations. However, ofloxacin otic solution must be self-applied daily to keep the perforation edge moist, while gelatin sponge patching requires periodic removal and re-patching.

RESUMO: As respostas de duas cultivares de milho (Zea mays L.), ‘LY336’ (tolerante à sombra) e ‘LC803’ (sensível à sombra), ao estresse de sombra em um experimento em vaso conduzido nas safras de 2015 e 2016 foram investigadas. O impacto do tratamento de estresse de sombra de 50% na biomassa da parte aérea, parâmetros fotossintéticos, fluorescência da clorofila e teor de malondialdeído (MDA) foi avaliado. A biomassa da parte aérea dos dois híbridos de milho foi reduzida significativamente pelo tratamento de estresse de sombra, para estresse de sombra 7 d, o LC803 e LY336 foram reduzidos em 56,7% e 44,4% em comparação com a luz natural. Os parâmetros de fluorescência da clorofila de LY336 não foram significativamente afetados pelo estresse de sombra, enquanto aqueles de LC803 foram significativamente afetados, o Fo aumentou sob estresse de sombra, porém Fm, FV / FM e ΦPSII diminuíram sob estresse de sombra. Entre os parâmetros fotossintéticos medidos, a taxa fotossintética líquida (Pn), a condutância estomática (Gs) e a taxa de transpiração diminuíram significativamente em comparação com a luz natural, redução de LY336 e LC803 em 28,0%, 22,2%, 57,7% e 35,5%, 18,9%, 62,4 %, porém a concentração intercelular de CO2 (Ci) aumentou significativamente para as duas cultivares. Sob estresse de sombra para diferentes durações (1, 3, 5, 7 d), os teores de Pn, Gs, Ci e MDA diferiram significativamente entre as duas cultivares. Os resultados indicam que diferentes genótipos de milho apresentam diferentes respostas ao sombreamento. Os genótipos tolerantes à sombra são apenas fracamente afetados pelo estresse de sombra.

ABSTRACT: The responses of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, ‘LY336’ (shade tolerant) and ‘LC803’ (shade sensitive), to shade stress in a pot experiment conducted in the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons were investigated. The impact of 50% shade stress treatment on shoot biomass, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was evaluated. The shoot biomass of the two maize hybrids was decreased significantly by shade stress treatment, for shade stress 7 d, the LC803 and LY336 were reduced by 56.7% and 44.4% compared with natural light. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of LY336 were not significantly affected by shade stress, whereas those of LC803 were significantly affected, the Fo increased under shade stress; however Fm, FV/FM and ΦPSII were decreased under shade stress. Among photosynthetic parameters measured, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate were significantly decreased compared with natural light, LY336 and LC803 reduction by 28.0%, 22.2%, 57.7% and 35.5%, 18.9%, 62.4%; however, intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was significantly increased, for the two cultivars. Under shade stress for different durations (1, 3, 5, 7 d), Pn, Gs, Ci, and MDA content differed significantly between the two cultivars. Results indicated that different maize genotypes showed different responses to shading. Shade-tolerant genotypes are only weakly affected by shade stress.