Este trabalho descreve a preparação e caracterização do híbrido celulose/fosfato de nióbio hidratado (Cel/NbOPO4.nH2O) utilizando como material de partida a celulose branqueada de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e o nióbio metálico. O híbrido foi preparado por dois métodos: denominados métodos I e II. O método I consistiu na dissolução do nióbio metálico em solução de ácido fluorídrico/nítrico (100:10), com tempo de contato de 16 horas entre a celulose branqueada do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e a solução ácida. Adicionou-se a essa solução ácido fosfórico para precipitação do material. O método II foi semelhante, com proporções diferentes da solução ácida fluorídrico/nítrico (160/100), sem tempo de contato da celulose com a solução ácida. Os métodos I e II utilizaram as seguintes proporções de cel/ Nb2O5.nH2O: (10:10);(10:6) e (10:2). Os materiais preparados pelos métodos I e II foram caracterizados por difração de raios X (DRX), termogravimetria (TG/DTG) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Observou-se aumento do índice do grau de cristalinidade e mudanças na morfologia dos materiais preparados.

This work describes the preparation and characterization of cellulose/hydrous niobium phosphate hybrid with bleached cellulose from sugarcane bagasse. The hybrid was prepared in two different forms: named methods I and II. Method I consisted in dissolving metallic niobium in a fluoridric/nitric (100:10) mixture, with aging time of 16 hours in which the sugarcane bagasse was in contact with the acid solution. Phosphoric acid was then added to the solution for precipitation of the material. Method II was similar, but metallic niobium was diluted in a fluoridric /nitric (160/100) solution without aging time. In both methods different proportions of Cel/NbOPO4.nH2O were used: (10:10); (10:6) and (10:2). These materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) analysis and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The deposition of niobium phosphate and an increase in crystallinity were observed.

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en evaluar los efectos del proceso de soldadura TIG en el acero ABNT 4130, el cual es bastante utilizado en estructuras aeronáuticas. Las propagaciones de fisuras debido a ensayos de fatiga se encuentran localizadas en tres regiones distintas: el material base, la zona afectada por el calor (ZAC) y el cordón de soldadura. Las dimensiones de las probetas, chapas de 0,80 mm de espesor como metal base, siguen la norma ASTM 647, también basadas en ensayos de fractura de estructuras tubulares soldadas de aeronaves brasileñas T-27 Tucano. Los ensayos fueron realizados sometiendo cargas cíclicas tracción-tracción, con amplitud constante, temperatura ambiente y utilizando razón de carga R=0,1. Los resultados indican que la propagación de fisura localizada en el cordón de soldadura es más rápida que aquellas localizadas en la ZAC y en el material base, respectivamente. Resultados que también fueron relacionados con la variación microestructural y la micro dureza de las regiones mencionadas.

This study has as objective to analyses the effects of the TIG welding process on structural integrity of ABNT 4130 steel, widely used in welded aeronautical structures, by fatigue crack growth tests located in three different areas: base material, heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld pool. The specimens were made in accordance to ASTM 647 standard, from hot rolled plate containing 0,80 mm of thickness, which was determinate from previous studies of welded tubular structure failures of T-27 Brazilian aircrafts. The tests were carried out on centre-cracked tension (CCT) specimens conduced in room temperature, constant amplitude range, at a frequency of 10 Hz, and load ratio R=0,1. The results obtained were associated to the microstructure and microhardness variations of the mentioned areas. It was observed that the fatigue crack located in the weld pool grew more quickly, followed for that located in HAZ and, finally, for that contained in the base material.