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1.
Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with chronic liver disease of different etiology in a Brazilian referral center: comparison of two different hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid amplification protocols: a cross-sectional study
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Faria, Alessandra Coutinho de
; Correa, Bernardo Henrique Mendes
; Faria, Luciana Costa
; Vidigal, Paula Vieira Teixeira
; Xavier, Marcelo Antônio Pascoal
; Ferrari, Teresa Cristina Abreu
.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the liver of individuals with undetectable hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. The actual prevalence of OBI and its clinical relevance are not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of HBV DNA in liver biopsies of HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease of different etiologies in a referral center in Brazil and compare two different HBV DNA amplification protocols to detect HBV. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Liver Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, between January 2016 and December 2019. METHODS: HBV DNA was investigated in 104 liver biopsy samples from individuals with chronic liver disease of different etiologies, in whom HBsAg was undetectable in serum by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), using two different protocols. RESULTS: OBI, diagnosed by detecting HBV DNA using both protocols, was detected in 6.7% of the 104 individuals investigated. Both protocols showed a good reliability. CONCLUSION: In addition to the differences in the prevalence of HBV infection in different regions, variations in the polymerase chain reaction technique used for HBV DNA amplification may be responsible for the large variations in the prevalence of OBI identified in different studies. There is a need for better standardization of the diagnostic methods used to diagnose this entity.
2.
Construction and validation of nursing diagnoses for premature newborns
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Querido, Danielle Lemos
; Christoffel, Marialda Moreira
; Almeida, Viviane Saraiva de
; Esteves, Ana Paula Vieira dos Santos
; Menezes, Harlon França de
; Silva, Halene Cristina Dias de Armada e
; Camacho, Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal
.
ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate nursing diagnoses based on the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP®) for premature newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: Methodological study based on the Brazilian method for developing subsets: use of specialized nursing language terms, construction of diagnostic statements and content validation of the statements by 40 specialist nurses. Those with a Content Validity Index (CVI) ≥ 0.80, organized according to Wanda Horta’s basic human needs theory, were considered valid. Results: 146 nursing diagnosis statements were constructed and 145 (93.3%) diagnoses were validated, with a predominance of the human need for cutaneous-mucosal integrity. Conclusion: The specificity of neonatal care is evident when these diagnoses are presented and validated in order to support nurses in their clinical reasoning and decision-making.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir y validar diagnósticos de enfermería basados en la Clasificación Internacional de la Práctica de Enfermería (CIPE®) para recién nacidos prematuros ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. Método: Estudio metodológico basado en el método brasileño de elaboración de subconjuntos: utilización de términos del lenguaje enfermero especializado, construcción de enunciados diagnósticos y validación de contenido de los enunciados por 40 enfermeros especialistas. Se consideraron válidos aquellos con Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC) ≥ 0,80, organizados según las necesidades humanas básicas de Wanda Horta. Resultados: Se construyeron 146 enunciados de diagnóstico de enfermería y se validaron 145 (93,3%) diagnósticos, con predominio de la necesidad humana de integridad cutáneo-mucosa. Conclusión: La especificidad de los cuidados neonatales es evidente desde el momento en que estos diagnósticos son presentados y validados con el objetivo de subsidiar a las enfermeras en su razonamiento clínico y toma de decisiones.
RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar diagnósticos de enfermagem fundamentados na Classificação Internacional da Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®) para recém-nascidos prematuros internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: Estudo metodológico sustentado pelo método brasileiro para desenvolvimento de subconjuntos: utilização de termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem, construção dos enunciados de diagnósticos e validação de conteúdo dos enunciados por 40 enfermeiros especialistas. Foram considerados válidos aqueles com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) ≥ 0.80, organizados conforme à teoria das necessidades humanas básicas de Wanda Horta. Resultados: Foram construídos 146 enunciados de diagnósticos de enfermagem, e ao final foram validados 145 (93,3%) diagnósticos, com predominância na necessidade humana de integridade cutâneo-mucosa. Conclusão: A especificidade do cuidado neonatal fica evidente a partir do momento em que se apresentam tais diagnósticos, e que são validados com o objetivo de subsidiar o enfermeiro no raciocínio clínico e na tomada de decisão.
3.
Chemical composition of forage watermelon fruit at different maturity stage or storage length
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Azeredo, Alessandra Bezerra de
; Silva, Ana Paula Ribeiro da
; Matias, Alex Gomes da Silva
; Silva, Valterlina Moreira da
; Correia, Airton Alves Vieira
; Voltolini, Tadeu Vinhas
.
ABSTRACT. This study aimed to assess the chemical responses of forage watermelon fruit at different maturity stages or storage lengths, performing two experimental tests. In the first test, four maturity stages were assessed: 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after anthesis, with four replicates. In the second test, fruits were maintained under three storage lengths: T1D (harvest day), T3M (3 months after harvest), and T6M (6 months after harvest), with eight replicates. Experimental design was completely randomized in both experimental tests. Fruit maturity stage did not affect crude protein, total carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), pulp firmness, soluble solids content and total pectin content, but increased acid detergent fiber content from 45 days after anthesis. Storage length up to six months after harvest increased ash, crude protein and IVDMD, and reduced the content of soluble solids. Forage watermelon fruit can be harvested from 30 to 75 days after anthesis equivalent to 75 - 120 days after planting, and they can be stored under tree shade up to 6 months after harvest.
4.
Cardiovascular risk among nursing workers: a cross-sectional study
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Ferreira, Patricia Paula Eduardo
; Santos, Kelli Borges dos
; Griep, Rosane Harter
; Motta, Vanessa Vieira da
; Evangelista, Renata Alessandra
; Bueno, Alexandre de Assis
; Paiva, Elenir Pereira de
.
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o risco cardiovascular entre trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital público. Método: estudo seccional, com 324 trabalhadores de enfermagem, utilizando-se questionário composto por dois blocos de informações. O primeiro abrangeu questões relacionadas às características sociodemográficas e laborais, de saúde, e o segundo, o Escore de Risco de Framingham Revisado (ERF), para estratificar o risco cardiovascular. Para avaliar o estresse psicossocial no trabalho, utilizou-se a Escala Sueca de Demanda Controle Social. Resultados: o fator de risco modificável para DCVs mais prevalente foi a circunferência de cintura (75,9%), seguida de sobrepeso (43,8%), obesidade (29,3%), etilismo (21,9%), colesterol da lipoproteína de densidade baixa (LDL) > 130 (20,7%) e Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (20,4%). Conclusão: verificou-se que 96% dos trabalhadores apresentaram baixo risco para desenvolverem doenças cardiovasculares nos próximos dez anos, e trabalhadores homens com idade >40 anos jornada de trabalho menor apresentam maiores chances de apresentar doença cardiovascular.
ABSTRACT Objective: to assess cardiovascular risk among nursing workers at a public hospital. Method: a cross-sectional study, with 324 nursing workers, using a questionnaire composed of two information blocks. The first covered issues related to sociodemographic and occupational and health characteristics, and the second, the Revised Framingham Risk Score (FRS), to stratify cardiovascular risk. To assess work-related psychosocial stress, the Swedish Social Control Demand Scale was used. Results: the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for CVDs was waist circumference (75.9%), followed by overweight (43.8%), obesity (29.3%), alcohol consumption (21.9%), lipoprotein cholesterol low density (LDL) > 130 (20.7%) and hypertension (20.4%) Conclusion: it was found that 96% of workers had a low risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the next ten years, and male workers aged >40 years with shorter working hours are more likely to have cardiovascular disease.
RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de enfermería de un hospital público. Método: estudio transversal, con 324 trabajadores de enfermería, utilizando un cuestionario compuesto por dos bloques de información. El primero abordó cuestiones relacionadas con las características sociodemográficas y laborales y de salud, y el segundo, el Puntaje de Riesgo de Framingham revisada (ERF), para estratificar el riesgo cardiovascular. Para evaluar el estrés psicosocial en el trabajo se utilizó la Escala Sueca de Demanda de Control Social. Resultados: factor de riesgo modificable más prevalente para ECV fue el perímetro de cintura (75,9%), seguido del sobrepeso (43,8%), obesidad (29,3%), consumo de alcohol (21,9%), colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) > 130 (20,7%) e Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica (20,4%). Conclusión: se encontró que el 96% de los trabajadores tenían bajo riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular en los próximos diez años, y los trabajadores de sexo masculino > 40 años con jornadas laborales más cortas tienen mayor probabilidad de tener enfermedad cardiovascular.
5.
Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with chronic liver disease of different etiology in a Brazilian referral center: comparison of two different hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid amplification protocols: a cross-sectional study
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Faria, Alessandra Coutinho de
; Correa, Bernardo Henrique Mendes
; Faria, Luciana Costa
; Vidigal, Paula Vieira Teixeira
; Xavier, Marcelo Antônio Pascoal
; Ferrari, Teresa Cristina Abreu
.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the liver of individuals with undetectable hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. The actual prevalence of OBI and its clinical relevance are not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of HBV DNA in liver biopsies of HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease of different etiologies in a referral center in Brazil and compare two different HBV DNA amplification protocols to detect HBV. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Liver Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, between January 2016 and December 2019. METHODS: HBV DNA was investigated in 104 liver biopsy samples from individuals with chronic liver disease of different etiologies, in whom HBsAg was undetectable in serum by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), using two different protocols. RESULTS: OBI, diagnosed by detecting HBV DNA using both protocols, was detected in 6.7% of the 104 individuals investigated. Both protocols showed a good reliability. CONCLUSION: In addition to the differences in the prevalence of HBV infection in different regions, variations in the polymerase chain reaction technique used for HBV DNA amplification may be responsible for the large variations in the prevalence of OBI identified in different studies. There is a need for better standardization of the diagnostic methods used to diagnose this entity.
6.
Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de
; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi
; Madalosso, Geraldine
; Costa, Selma Anequini
; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi
; Pino, Francisco Alberto
; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri
; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de
; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro
; Aires, Caroline Cotrim
; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes
; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz
; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco
; Aguiar, Breno Souza de
; Failla, Marcelo Antunes
; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos
; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão
; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos
; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e
; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira
; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos
; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino
; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira
; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau
; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da
; Glasser, Paula Regina
; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos
; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia
; Mello, Debora Silva de
; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes
; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki
; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro
; Braga, Elza de Santana
; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi
; Fracini, Wagner
; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila
; Zular, Paulete Secco
; Piva, Regiane de Santana
; Masi, Eduardo
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
7.
Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de
; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi
; Madalosso, Geraldine
; Costa, Selma Anequini
; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi
; Pino, Francisco Alberto
; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri
; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de
; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro
; Aires, Caroline Cotrim
; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes
; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz
; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco
; Aguiar, Breno Souza de
; Failla, Marcelo Antunes
; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos
; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão
; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos
; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e
; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira
; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos
; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino
; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira
; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau
; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da
; Glasser, Paula Regina
; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos
; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia
; Mello, Debora Silva de
; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes
; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki
; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro
; Braga, Elza de Santana
; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi
; Fracini, Wagner
; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila
; Zular, Paulete Secco
; Piva, Regiane de Santana
; Masi, Eduardo
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970
43 downloads
8.
Seroprevalence and associated factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea in dairy cows in the Caparaó region, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Almeida, Ítalo Câmara de
; Almeida, Yuri Vieira
; Donatele, Dirlei Molinari
; Clipes, Renata Cogo
; Barioni, Graziela
; Zanini, Marcos Santos
; Filippo, Paula Alessandra Di
.
RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a soroprevalência e os fatores de risco associados à Rinotraqueíte Infecciosa Bovina (IBR) e Diarreia Viral Bovina (BVD), e analisar a possível relação entre IBR, BVD e à ocorrência de mastite. Para tanto, foram avaliadas 854 vacas leiteiras mestiças de 69 propriedades localizadas nos 12 municípios que compõem a região do Caparaó, Espírito Santo (ES), Brasil. A soroprevalência de IBR e BVD foram determinadas pelo teste ELISA indireto. As associações entre variáveis foram estimadas pela razão de prevalência (PR) com intervalo de confiança de 95%. O teste do qui-quadrado foi utilizado para verificar a significância das associações (P < 0,05). A prevalência média de IBR e BVD foi de 48% e 26%, respectivamente. Os animais sororreagentes para IBR foram mais propensos a desenvolver mastite subclínica (P < 0,01; PR: 1,27), e as vacas sororreagentes para BVD foram mais propensas a desenvolver mastite clínica (P < 0,01; PR: 2,24). À ordenha mecânica foi considerada um fator associado a IBR (P < 0,01; PR: 1,36) e BVD (P < 0,01; PR: 1,25). O manejo reprodutivo por monta natural foi considerado um fator associado IBR (P < 0,01; PR: 1,22). Os animais sororreagentes para BVD foram mais propensos a desenvolverem problemas reprodutivos (P < 0,01; PR: 1,34). Concluiu-se que os agentes causadores de IBR e BVD estão amplamente disseminados em rebanhos leiteiros nos municípios da região de Caparaó, ES, Brasil. A presença de IBR e BVD aumentaram as chances das vacas desenvolverem mastite subclínica e mastite clínica, respectivamente, e as vacas que foram ordenhadas mecanicamente apresentaram maior probabilidade de serem sororreagente para IBR e BVD.
ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the seroprevalence and associated factors of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), and to analyze the possible relationship between IBR, BVD, and the occurrence of mastitis. For this purpose, 854 crossbred dairy cows were evaluated from 69 properties allocated in the 12 municipalities that make up the Caparaó region, Espírito Santo (ES), Brazil. The seroprevalence of IBR and BVD was determined using the indirect ELISA test. Associations between variables were estimated using the prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval. The chi-square test was used to verify the significance of the associations (P < 0.05). The average prevalence of IBR and BVD was 48.59% and 26.46%, respectively. Animals seroreactive for IBR were more likely to develop subclinical mastitis (P < 0.01; PR: 1.27), and cows that were seroreactive for BVD were more likely to develop clinical mastitis (P < 0.01; PR: 2.24). Mechanical milking was considered a factor associated with IBR (P < 0.01; PR: 1.36) and BVD (P < 0.01; PR: 1.25). Reproductive management by natural breeding was considered a factor associated with IBR (P < 0.01; PR: 1.22). Animals seroreactive for BVD were more likely to develop reproductive problems (P < 0.01; PR: 1.34). It was concluded that the agents that cause IBR and BVD are widely disseminated in dairy cattle herds in the municipalities of the Caparaó region, ES, Brazil. The presence of IBR and BVD increased the chances of cows developing subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis, respectively, and the cows that were mechanically milked were more likely to be seroreactive for IBR and BVD.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200220
159 downloads
9.
Lesions in 224 spleens of splenectomized dogs and evalution of alternative techniques for previous microscopic diagnosis
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Figueiredo, Rafael S.
; Muramoto, Caterina
; Fontes, Thanielle N.
; Meneses, Iris D.S.
; Cardoso, Paula G.S.
; Vieira Filho, Carlos H.C.
; Estrela-Lima, Alessandra
; Peixoto, Tiago C.
.
RESUMO: Rotineiramente, frente à detecção de uma lesão proliferativa esplênica, médicos veterinários costumam optar pela esplenectomia antes de se obter o diagnóstico definitivo da lesão esplênica, o que pode trazer consequências deletérias ao cão. O mais apropriado seria, contudo, a sua adoção, como medida terapêutica, apenas nos casos com comprovada indicação cirúrgica, o que pode ser estabelecido após o diagnóstico microscópico e prognóstico definidos. Os objetivos desse estudo foram: determinar a frequência dos diferentes tipos de lesão em baços de cães esplenectomizados no período de 12 anos (2006-2017); determinar a representatividade das lesões neoplásicas (benignas e malignas) e não neoplásicas; avaliar e comparar a segurança e a eficiência da punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) e da biópsia por agulha Tru-cut guiadas por ultrassom para o diagnóstico citológico e histopatológico, respectivamente, de lesões nodulares esplênicas. No período estudado foram encontrados 224 casos de lesões em baços esplenectomizados. A frequência de lesões não neoplásicas (50,45%, 113/224) e neoplásicas (49,55%, 111/224) esplênicas foi muito semelhante. Entre as neoplásicas, as de caráter maligno foram mais frequentes (79,27%, 88/111) e o hemangiossarcoma o mais comum (52,25%, 58/111). A possibilidade de ocorrência de uma neoplasia maligna foi cerca de 74% maior do que uma benigna. Em suma, verificou-se que em 60,71% (136/224) dos casos estudados, tratava-se de lesões benignas que não teriam indicação de esplenectomia. As técnicas de PAAF e a biópsia por agulha Tru-cut demonstraram ter baixo risco de complicações. Quanto à eficácia diagnóstica, pela PAAF obteve-se 71,43% (15/21) de diagnósticos conclusivos, sendo 60% (9/15) desses compatíveis com o resultado final realizado pela avaliação histopatológica, após a esplenectomia (padrão ouro). Já a biópsia por Tru-cut obteve 71,43% (5/7) de diagnósticos conclusivos e 28,57% (2/7) de inconclusivos. Dentre os conclusivos, em 100% dos casos o diagnóstico foi compatível com o padrão ouro. Desta maneira, visto a possibilidade de ocorrência de lesões esplênicas benignas em cães serem 1,52 vezes maior do que as malignas deve ser recomentado a adoção de esplenectomia, como medida terapêutica, apenas nos casos com comprovada indicação cirúrgica, o que pode ser estabelecido após o diagnóstico microscópico e prognóstico definidos. O uso da PAAF e da biópsia por Tru-cut deve ser recomentado, sobretudo, para lesões esplênicas pequenas e focais, uma vez que tais técnicas representam boas alternativas para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico prévio a esplenectomia, o que pode reduzir o número de esplenectomias desnecessárias. Enfatiza-se a importância da recomendação de tais técnicas, sobretudo para cães com lesões esplênicas focais menores do que três centímetros.
ABSTRACT: When detecting a proliferative splenic lesion, veterinarians usually choose splenectomy before a conclusive diagnosis, which can provide a deleterious effect to the dog. The most appropriate would be to perform splenectomy as a therapeutic procedure only in cases with real surgical indication, which can be established after defining microscopic diagnosis and prognosis. The objectives of this study were: to determine the frequency of different types of lesions in spleens of splenectomized dogs in the period of 12 years (2006-2017); determine the representativity of neoplastic lesions (benign and malignant) and non-neoplastic lesions; to evaluate and compare the safety and efficiency of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) and ultrasound-guided Tru-cut needle biopsy for cytological and histopathological diagnosis, respectively, of splenic nodular lesions. In the studied period 224 cases of lesions were found in splenectomized spleens. The frequency of non-neoplastic lesions (50,45%, 113/224) and neoplastic lesions (49,55%, 111/224) was very similar. Among the neoplastic lesions, the malignant ones were more frequent (79,27%, 88/111), and the hemangiosarcoma was the most common (52,25%, 58/111). The possibility of malignant neoplasm was about 74% greater than a benign one. In summary, it was verified that 60.71% (136/224) of the cases corresponded to benign lesions without indication to splenectomy. FNA techniques and Tru-cut biopsy showed a low risk of complications. Regarding the diagnostic efficacy, the FNA obtained 71.43% (15/21) of conclusive diagnoses, 60% (9/15) of which were compatible with the final result of the histopathological evaluation, after splenectomy (gold standard). The Tru-cut biopsy obtained 71.43% (5/7) of conclusive diagnoses and 28.57% (2/7) of inconclusive diagnoses. Among the conclusive one, in 100% of the cases the diagnosis was compatible with the gold standard. Thus, since the possibility of benign splenic lesions in dogs is 1.52 times greater than malignancies, splenectomy should be recommended as a therapeutic procedure only in cases with proven surgical indication, which can be established after definition of microscopic diagnosis and prognosis. The use of FNA and Tru-cut biopsy should be recommended, especially for small and focal splenic lesions, since such techniques are good alternatives for establishing diagnosis previously to splenectomy, which may reduce the number of unnecessary splenectomies. The importance of recommending such techniques is emphasized, especially for dogs with focal splenic lesions smaller than three centimeters.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6266
2042 downloads
10.
Sorption of Sulfachloropyridazine in Brazilian Soils
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Sulfonamides are among the most widely employed antibacterial in veterinary medicine. Because a substantial proportion of sulfonamides are excreted unchanged as parent compounds after administration or are excreted as their metabolites through urine and feces, their presence in soils is a matter of concern. Adsorption and desorption are important processes that influence the transport, transformation and bioavailability of antimicrobials in soils, and data related to sorption capacity are therefore needed for environmental risk assessments. The sorption potential of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) was assessed in four Brazilians soils using batch equilibrium experiments. The adsorption/desorption data fit well Freundlich isotherms. The sorption coefficients (KD) ranged from 1.00 to 4.48 cm3 g-1, and the Freundlich adsorption coefficient (KF) ranged from 1.89 to 5.63 µg1-1/n (cm3)1/n g-1 showing that SCP adsorption is generally low in the studied soils. The results were compared with previously published data obtained for the sorption of other sulfonamides in the same four soils.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160159
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11.
Intermittent hemodialysis in dogs with chronic kidney disease stage III
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Melchert, Alessandra
; Geraldes, Silvano Salgueiro
; Vieira, André Nanny Le Sueur
; Takahira, Regina Kiomi
; Ramos, Paulo Roberto Rodrigues
; Barretti, Pasqual
; Padovani, Carlos Roberto
; Sant’Ana, Paula Bilbau
; Ribeiro, José Francisco Antunes
; Guimarães-Okamoto, Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun
.
RESUMO: A Hemodiálise Intermitente (HDI) é uma modalidade de substituição renal, utilizada na veterinária nos casos de remoção de drogas, distúrbios hidroeletrolítico, lesão renal aguda e doença renal crônica (DRC). O objetivo do presente estudo foi estudar o efeito da hemodiálise intermitente em cães com DRC estadeados no grau III, visando avaliar a qualidade de vida. Foram selecionados 12 cães com DRC no estádio III pelos critérios de inclusão, após foram divididos em Grupo Controle (n=6), onde foi preconizado apenas tratamento clínico e fluidoterapia, e Grupo hemodiálise (n=6), que além do tratamento clínico, utilizou-se a hemodiálise intermitente. A colheita de sangue para avaliação laboratorial foi realizada antes e após a fluidoterapia de ambos os grupos. Foram avaliados as intercorrências e os parâmetros clínicos durante a HDI a cada 30 minutos. A instituição do tratamento dialítico promoveu uma eficaz diminuição das concentrações séricas de ureia, creatinina e fósforo de modo mais precoce. Apesar da evidente remoção dos compostos nitrogenados, o tratamento dialítico não aumentou a sobrevida destes pacientes, não justificando o emprego desta técnica de forma precoce em cães com doença renal crônica no estádio III.
ABSTRACT: Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) is a form of renal replacement that is used in veterinary medicine for cases involving drug removal, electrolyte imbalance, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study was to verify the efficacy of IHD in dogs with CKD staged at grade III and to evaluate the effect of IHD on quality of life. Twelve dogs with CKD at stage III met the inclusion criteria and were divided equally into two groups. The control group (n=6) received only clinical treatment and intravenous fluid therapy, and the hemodialysis group (n=6) received clinical and IHD treatments. Blood samples were collected before and after treatments in both groups. We evaluated complications and clinical parameters of IHD every 30 minutes. Hemodialysis decreased serum urea, creatinine, and phosphorus. Despite the evident removal of nitrogen compounds, dialysis treatment did not increase survival time in these patients. The results of this study do not support the early use of dialysis in dogs with chronic kidney disease stage III.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160900
2722 downloads
12.
Effect of letrozole in carcinogen-plus-estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia in mice
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Lara, Alessandra Cerávolo
; Cândido, Eduardo Batista
; Vidigal, Paula Vieira
; Rocha, Ana Luiza Lunardi
; Carvalho-Macedo, Alessandra Costa
; Carneiro, Márcia Mendonça
; Silva-Filho, Agnaldo Lopes
.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of letrozole (Ltz) in carcinogen+estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia. METHODS: BALB/c female mice were divided into four groups of 12 animals each receiving an intrauterine dose of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and weekly subcutaneous injections of estradiol hexaidrobenzoate (EHB), except for group I(control). The groups were divided in I (control), II (ENU+EHB), III (ENU+EHB+MPA) and IV (ENU+EHB+Ltz). Group III also received intramuscular injections of MPA (medroxy progesterone acetate) every four weeks, while group IV received oral doses of Ltz daily. At the end of 16 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum estradiol and progesterone levels. Uterine histological sections were made to evaluate the presence of endometrial proliferative lesions. Differences between groups were evaluated with student's t test, ANOVA and chi-square test. RESULTS: Groups ENU+EHB, ENU+EHB+MPA and ENU+EHB+Ltz showed varying degrees of endometrial hyperplasia. The incidence of hyperplasia in groups ENU+EHB and ENU+EHB+Ltz was higher and more severe than in group ENU+EHB+MPA. Control group showed lower levels of serum estradiol than the other groups. CONCLUSION: There was no evidence that letrozole could act as an antiestrogenic drug in the development of endometrial proliferative lesions.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-865020160040000010
2014 downloads
13.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
14.
Função diastólica na estenose aórtica: correlação com NT-ProBNP e remodelamento pós-operatório
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Boer, Berta Paula Napchan
; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos
; Sampaio, Roney Orismar
; Abensur, Henry
; Oliveira, Alessandra Gomes de
; Fernandes, João Ricardo
; Grinberg, Max
.
FUNDAMENTO: A função diastólica em portadores de estenose aórtica (EAO) é pouco estudada. Não é possível estabelecer uma possível correlação entre biomarcadores e disfunção diastólica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função diastólica em portadores de EAO submetidos à troca valvar através de ecocardiografia transtorácica e correlacionar com valores de NT-proBNP. MÉTODOS: Estudamos 31 pacientes com EAO (11 homens), com idade entre 21 e 81 anos (média de 61±15 anos), submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de EAO. Foi realizada dosagem sérica de NT-proBNP e o resultado, comparado com variáveis ecocardiográficas obtidas pelo Doppler pulsado em fluxo mitral, Doppler pulsado em veias pulmonares e Doppler tecidual, tanto no pré quanto no pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Observou-se melhora na Fração de Ejeção (FE) de AE e Tempo de Relaxamento Isovolumétrico (TRIV), além de redução nos seguintes parâmetros: a) Relação da velocidade diastólica precoce mitral (onda E) com a velocidade do anel mitral (onda E´) (E/E'), b) Volume sistólico de átrio esquerdo (AE), c) Volume sistólico de AE indexado, d) Diâmetro diastólico de ventrículo esquerdo (DDVE), e) Diâmetro sistólico de VE (DSVE), f) Volume diastólico final (VDF), g) Massa indexada de VE e h) Relação Volume/Massa de ventrículo esquerdo (VE). Os valores do NT-proBNP correlacionaram-se de modo positivo com os diversos graus de disfunção diastólica, tanto no pré como no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: 1) A cirurgia de troca valvar para correção de EAO resultou em melhora significativa da função diastólica ventricular. 2) Os valores de NT-proBNP correlacionaram-se positivamente com as variáveis ecocardiográficas que determinam disfunção diastólica, sendo o NT-proBNP um bom marcador para caracterizar essa disfunção em portadores de EAO.
BACKGROUND: Few data are available on diastolic function in patients with aortic stenosis (AOS) with indication of surgical treatment. A potential correlation between biomarkers and diastolic function has not been established. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate diastolic function in patients with AOS waiting for aortic valve replacement (AVR) echocardiographically, and to verify its correlation with serum brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). METHODS: Thirty-one AOS patients (11 male), 21 to 81 years old (mean age, 61±15 years old) were studied before and after AVR. Diastolic function was assessed with Doppler methods: transvalvar mitral flow, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and pulmonary venous Doppler (PVD), correlating with serum brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) before and 6 months after AVR. RESULTS: Comparing pre to post-operative period, we observed an increase of the left atrial ejection fraction and isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), and the decrease of the mitral velocity to early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus ratio (E/E'), the difference between the pulmonary A wave duration and mitral A duration, left atrial systolic volume, left atrial systolic volume index, left ventricular diastolic diameter, left ventricular systolic diameter, end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular mass index, left ventricular volume and mass index ratio. The values of NT-proBNP were positively correlated to diastolic dysfunction, both before and after surgery. CONCLUSION: AOS patients' ventricular diastolic function improved after AVR. The biomarker NT-proBNP might be a useful biomarker of diastolic function in these patients, before and after AVR. NT-proBNP values show a positive correlation with echocardiographic variables that determine diastolic dysfunction, and is a good marker for the characterization of this dysfunction in AOS patients.
https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20130076
2544 downloads
15.
White mold intensity on common bean in response to plant density, irrigation frequency, grass mulching, Trichoderma spp., and fungicide
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Paula Júnior, Trazilbo José de
; Vieira, Rogério Faria
; Rocha, Paulo Roberto Ribeiro
; Bernardes, Alessandra
; Costa, Édio Luis
; Carneiro, José Eustáquio Souza
; Vale, Francisco Xavier Ribeiro do
; Zambolim, Laércio
.
Objetivou-se estudar a eficácia de técnicas de manejo integrado no controle do mofo-branco em feijão. Inicialmente, foram feitos testes in vitro para avaliar o antagonismo de 11 isolados de Trichoderma contra Sclerotinia sclerotiorum e investigar os efeitos de fungicidas (fluazinam e procymidone) sobre esses fungos. Em dois ensaios de campo, foram testadas estas combinações: freqüências de irrigação (sete ou 14 dias), densidades de plantas (seis ou 12 por metro) e três controles da doença (testemunha sem controle, fungicida ou Trichoderma spp.). Em um terceiro ensaio, as densidades de plantas foram substituídas por tratamentos de cobertura vegetal do solo (com e sem). O fluazinam foi aplicado aos 45 e 55 dias após a emergência (DAE). Os antagonistas T. harzianum (experimentos 1 e 3) e T. stromatica (experimento 2) foram distribuídos via água de irrigação por aspersão aos 10 e 25 DAE, respectivamente. A maioria dos isolados do antagonista foi eficaz contra o patógeno in vitro. Fluazinam foi mais tóxico que procymidone ao patógeno e ao antagonista. O fungicida aumentou a produtividade entre 32 % e 41 %. Uma aplicação de Trichoderma no campo não reduziu a intensidade da doença nem aumentou o rendimento de grãos. A redução de 12 para seis plantas por metro não diminuiu a produtividade, e a severidade da doença diminuiu em um ensaio. Conclui-se que das estratégias de controle do mofobranco apenas a redução da densidade de plantas e o uso de fungicida foram eficazes.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of integrated managements on white mold control on common bean. Initially, in vitro testing was made to assess the antagonism of 11 Trichoderma isolates against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and to investigate fungicides (fluazinam and procymidone) inhibitory effects on those fungi. In two field experiments the following combinations were tested: irrigation frequencies (seven or 14 days), plant densities (six or 12 plants per meter), and three disease controls (untreated control, fungicide or Trichoderma spp.). In a third experiment plant densities were replaced by grass mulching treatments (with or without mulching). Fluazinam was applied at 45 and 55 days after emergence (DAE). The antagonists T. harzianum (experiments 1 and 3) and T. stromatica (experiment 2) were applied through sprinkler irrigation at 10 and 25 DAE, respectively. Most of the Trichoderma spp. were effective against the pathogen in vitro. Fluazinam was more toxic than procymidone to both the pathogen and the antagonist. Fungicide applications increased yield between 32 % and 41 %. In field one application of Trichoderma spp. did not reduce disease intensity and did not increase yield. The reduction from 12 to six plants per meter did not decrease yield, and disease severity diminished in one of the two experiments. It is concluded that of the strategies for white mold control just reduction of plant density and applications of fungicide were efficient.
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