Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a prevalência de enterite fibrinonecrótica (EFN) em uma granja tecnificada com 1000 matrizes, classificar as mudanças patológicas e investigar a lesão decorrente da associação dos agentes Clostri-dium perfringens e Isospora suis. As lesões macroscópicas devidas à mortalidade pré-desmame (MPD) foram classificadas em oito categorias incluindo EFN. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados pelo teste Qui-quadrado. Amostras de EFN foram colhidas para estudos complementares incluindo uma técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para identificação dos genes codificadores de toxinas de C. perfringens a partir de amostras do intestino fixadas em formalina a 10%. Dos 3.153 leitões examinados, menos que 1% foram classificados como EFN. As análises estatísticas revelaram que a EFN aumentou progressivamente a partir da primeira para a terceira semana, sendo que a última semana diferiu estatisticamente das demais. Oitenta porcento das amostras do intestino com EFN foram positivas para I. suis. Por meio da PCR a partir dos 9 casos de EFN severa, 7 foram positivos somente para o gene da toxina alfa, característico de C. perfringens tipo A.

The objectives were to determine the prevalence of fibrinonecrotic enteritis (FNE) on a farrow-to-finish farm of 1,000 sows, to categorize the pathological changes, and to to investigate the lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens. Causes of preweaning mortality (PWM) were classified into 8 categories including FNE. Obtained data were evaluated for statistical significance by adjusted Chi-square analysis. Samples of FNE were taken for complementary studies including a PCR technique for genotyping toxin genes of Clostridium perfringens from gut samples fixed in 10% neutral formalin. From 3,153 piglets examined, less than 1% was classified as FNE. FNE prevalence increased progressively from the first to the third week, the last differing statistically from the others. Eighty percent of gut samples with FNE lesions were positive to Isospora suis, when examined by PCR from 9 severe FNE lesions detected 7 positive samples only for a toxin gene, characteristic of C. perfringens type-A.

The aim of the present study was to detect Cryptosporidium sp infection in domestic animals and in monkeys from a zoo, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Three hundred and seventy five fecal samples from different animal species were processed by the Ritchie modified sedimentation method (formalin-ether) to concentrate the oocysts. The sediment was stained by the Ziehl Neelsen modified technique. Cryptosporidium sp was detected in 7 of 175 dogs, in 2 of 17 cats, in 4 of 22 sheep, in 21 of 31 goats, in 29 of 109 calves, in 2 of 2 horses and in 2 of 5 Guinea pigs. Fourteen feces samples from monkeys were examined, among them, oocysts were detected in the sample from 1 adult female black howler monkey (Alouatta caraya), in the sample from 1 male adult black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus), in 1 sample of faeces from 7 adult squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis), in 1 sample from 2 females and 1 male tufted capuchin (Cebus apella), in 1 sample of feces from baboons (Papio hamadryas) and ¡n the sample from 1 young male chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

El objetivo del trabajo fue detectar infecciones por Cryptosporidium sp en animales domésticos y en monos de un zoológico, en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se procesaron 375 muestras de materia fecal de distintas especies mediante la técnica de sedimentación de Ritchie modificada (formol -éter) para concentrar los ooquistes. El sedimento se tiñó mediante la técnica de Ziehl-Neelsen modificada. Se detectaron ooquistes de Cryptosporidium sp en 7 de 175 muestras de materia fecal de perro, en 2 de 17 de gato, en 4 de 22 de ovinos, en 21 de 131 cabras, en 29 de 109 de terneros, en 2 de 2 de equinos y en 2 de 5 de cobayos (Cavia porcellus). Se examinaron 14 muestras de heces de monos, entre ellas, se detectaron ooquistes en la muestra de 1 hembra carayá (Alouatta caraya) adulta, en la de 1 mono araña (Ateles paniscus) macho adulto, en la muestra colectiva de 7 monos saimiri (Saimiri boliviensis) adultos, en la muestra de 2 hembras y 1 macho caí (Cebus apella), en la muestra colectiva de hamadríades (Papio hamadryas) y en la de 1 chimpancé joven (Pan troglodytes)

The following techniques of fecal examination for parasite detection were evaluated comparatively: Sheater modified (flotation by sugar solution), Zinc sulfate (flotation by this salt solution) and Ritchie modified (sedimentation with formalin-saline solution and fats extraction by ether). Parasites were detected in 25 of 40 fecal samples of dogs examined by the three techniques. There were no differences among the techniques of Sheater and Zinc sulfate in the quantity of detections (37 and 38 respectively) but the corresponding value to formalin-ether (16) was significantly smaller. The quantities of eggs of Toxocara canis and Trichuris vulpis (213 and 334 respectively) detected by Sheater in fresh feces were significantly greater than those corresponding to zinc sulfate (44 and 13 respectively). The results were similar for fecal samples with eggs of T. vulpis and formalin (Sheater: 61 vs zinc sulfate: 0). The quantities of cysts of Giardia detected by formalin-ether in feces with and without formalin were significantly greater than those corresponding to zinc sulfate (19 and 87 vs 3 and 36 respectively). In 180 samples examined, the quantity of detections of Giardia sp. was significantly greater by the formalin-ether technique, than by that of Sheater (15 vs 1, respectively). The technique of Sheater was more efficient than that of zinc sulfate for the detection of nematode eggs while that of formalin-ether was more efficient for the detection of Giardia sp cysts. On agreement with the results, it is recommended that, unless special indications, each sample that requires parasitological examination should be processed by both techniques: that of Sheater and that of formalin-ether

Se evaluaron comparativamente las siguientes técnicas para el examen parasitológico de heces de perro: la técnica de Sheater modificada (flotación por la solución de azúcar), la de sulfato de zinc (flotación por la solución de esta sal) y la de Ritchie modificada, denominada también de formol-éter (sedimentación con solución salina formolada y extracción de grasas por éter). Se detectaron parásitos en 25 de 40 muestras de materia fecal de perros que se examinaron por las tres técnicas. No hubo diferencias entre las técnicas de Sheater y sulfato de zinc en la cantidad de detecciones logradas (37 y 38 respectivamente) pero el valor correspondiente a la de formol-éter (16) fue significativamente menor. Las cantidades de huevos de Toxocara canis y Trichuris vulpis (213 y 334 respectivamente) detectadas por Sheater en materia fecal en fresco, fueron significativamente mayores que las correspondientes a sulfato de zinc (44 y 13 respectiva mente). Utilizando materia fecal con formol con huevos de T. vulpis, los resultados fueron similares (Sheater: 61 vs sulfato de zinc: 0). Las cantidades de quistes de Giardia detectadas por formol-éter en materia fecal en fresco y con formol, fueron significativamente mayores que las detectadas por sulfato de zinc (87 y 19 vs 36 y 3, respectivamente). En 180 muestras examinadas la cantidad de detecciones de quistes Giardia sp efectuadas por medio de formol-éter fue significativamente mayor que por Sheater (15 vs 1, respectivamente). La técnica de Sheater fue más eficiente que la de sulfato de zinc en la detección de huevos de nematodes y la de formol-éter más eficiente para la detección de quistes de Giardia sp. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se recomienda que, salvo indicaciones especiales cada muestra que requiera examen parasitológico sea procesada por las técnicas de Sheater y de formol-éter

Serum samples from 100 cats from La Plata and surroundings were studied to determine the relation between FIV infection and Toxoplasma gondii infection. Serum samples were analized to determine anti-FIV and anti-T. gondii antibodies, using immunoblotting test and immunofluorescence test, respectively. To analize the results, serum samples were classified into 4 groups according to the presence or not of anti-FIV and anti-T. gondii antibodies (Tox): Group 1) FIV+; Tox+ Group 2) FIV+ Tox-; Group 3) FIV- Tox+; Group 4) FIV- Tox-. Each group was further divided into 3 categories according clinical signs. The percentage of sera positive for FIV and T. gondii (34.5%, 19/55) was significantly higher than the percentage of sera positive for FIV and negative for T. gondii (17.7%, 8/45; p < 0.05, Fisher exact test). Antibodies tires anti-T. gondii were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 3. Distribution of clinical signs demonstrated significant differences between groups. The percentage of animals with clinical signs consistent with FIV and/or. T. gondii infections were as follows: Group 1: 57.9%; Group 2; 75%, Group 3: 48.6% and Graup 4: 27%. Results the present study indicate the association between FIV infection and T. gondii infection

Se Utilizaron 100 sueros de gatos provenientes de la ciudad de La Plata y alrededores con el fin de determinar la relación entre la infección con FIV y la infección con T. gondii. Los sueros se analizaron para determinar anticuerpos anti-FIV y anti-T.gondii por las pruebas de <<inmunobloting>> e inmunofluorescencia indirecta, respectivamente. Para el análisis de los resultados los sueros se clasificaron en cuatro grupos según presentaran o no anticuerpos anti-FIV y anti-T. gondii (Tox): Grupo 1) FIV+ Tox+; Grupo 2) FIV+ Tox-; Grupo 3) FIV- Tox+; Grupo 4) FIV- Tox-. Se establecieron tres categorías por grupo con respecto a los signos clínicos de los gatos estudiados. El por- centaje de sueros positivas a FIV y a T. gondii (34,5%, 19,) fue significativamente mayor que el porcentaje de sueros positivos a FIV y nagativos a T. gondii (17,7%, 8/45; p < 0,05, prueba exacta de Fisher). Los títulos de anticuerpos anti-T. gondii fueron siqnificativamente mayores en el Grupo 1 con respecto al Grupo 3. La distribución de los signos clínicos fue significativamente diferente entre los 4 grupos. El porcentaje de animales con signos clínicos potencialmente compatibles con FIV y/o toxoplasmosis fue: Grupo 1: 57,9%, , Grupo 2: 75%; Grupo 3: 48,6% y Grupo 4: 27%. Los resultados del presente trabajo indican la asociación entre la infección con el FIV y la infección con T.gondii

Experiments were performed in order to develop the life cycle of Diphyllobothrium erinaceieuropei Rudolphi 1819 (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) in Paracyclops fimbriatus and Bufo arenarum as intermediate hosts and dogs as definitive hosts. The eggs of Diphyllobothrium erinaceieuropei from faeces of naturally infected dogs were kept refrigered, in water. In order to obtain coracidiums they were incubated at 25°C, and then were placed in a flask which contained Paracyclops fimbriatus. The copepods were observed to be infected with procercoids 12 days after, (mean temperature 22.6°C) and then, ten tadpoles of Bufo arenarum were put into the same flask. The tadpoles were examined 22, 23, 61 and 107 days later, finding plerocercoids in all them (mean temperature 24.9°C). On the 23th day, 49 plerocercoids were removed from 6 tadpoles and 28 of them were fed to a bitch. On the 107th day, 11 plerocercoids were recovered from a dead tadpole and 3 of them were fed to another bitch. In the faeces of the first bitch there were observed the eggs of Diphyllobothrium erinaceieuropei 22 days post infection (d.p.i.) and part of the strobila 30 d.p.i.. In the faeces of the second bitch the eggs were found 30 d.p.i..

El objetivo del trabajo fue lograr la reproducción experimental del ciclo evolutivo de Diphyllobothrium erinaceieuropei Rudolphi 1819 (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) con la intervención de Paracyclops fimbriatus y larvas de Bufo arenarum como hospedadores intermediarios y caninos como hospedadores definitivos. Los huevos del parásito se obtuvieron de heces de caninos infectados naturalmente y se conservaron refrigerados en agua. Se incubaron 7 días a 25°C para que desarrollaran los coracidios y se pusieron en recipientes que contenían a los copépodos mencionados. Al cabo de 12 días a 22,6°C (promedio) se hallaron procercoides maduros en ellos y se agregaron 10 renacuajos de Bufo arenarum. Estos se examinaron por disección 22, 23, 61 y 107 días después, hallándose en todos 1 o más plerocercoides (Temperatura promedio: 24,9°C). El día 23, de 6 renacuajos se obtuvieron 49 plerocercoides, de los cuales se administraron 28, por vía oral, a una perra. El día 107, 3 de 11 plerocercoides obtenidos de un renacuajo se le dieron a otra perra por la misma vía. Se hallaron huevos del cestode en las heces del primer canino a partir del día 22 posterior a la infección (p.i.) y a los 30 días p.i., segmentos de estróbila. En el segundo canino se hallaron huevos a los 30 días p.i..