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Resumo A coruja-das-torres americana (Tyto furcata) vive em ambientes urbanos e se alimenta principalmente de pequenos roedores, sendo de grande importância no controle biológico de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os hábitos alimentares, parentais e reprodutivos de um casal de corujas-das-torres americanas, naturalmente vivendo fora de uma residência na zona urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Uma caixa de madeira foi instalada em uma parede externa da casa, monitorada por uma câmera de vídeo. Uma planilha foi criada para manter o controle das observações registradas. A fêmea pôs quatro ovos, e após período de incubação de 30-32 dias todos os ovos eclodiram, mas apenas dois filhotes sobreviveram após o canibalismo entre os filhotes. Inicialmente, o macho fornecia a comida aos filhotes e a fêmea permanecia no ninho cuidando da ninhada. Depois de cerca de um mês, a fêmea também começou a sair do ninho e voltar com a presa, que era oferecida aos filhotes, com o macho também continuando com esse comportamento. Os filhotes deixaram o ninho em setembro de 2017. Os dados obtidos mostram a existência de cooperação e divisão de tarefas entre corujas machos e fêmeas durante o período reprodutivo.

Abstract The American Barn Owl (Tyto furcata) lives in urban, periurban and wild environments and feeds mainly on small rodents, meaning it has great importance in the biological control of pests. The aim of this work was to describe the reproductive, parental and eating habits of a pair of American barn owls naturally living outside a residence in the urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A wood box was installed on an outside wall of the home, monitored by a video camera. A spreadsheet was created to keep track of the observations recorded. The female laid four eggs, and after an incubation period of 30-32 days all the eggs hatched, but only two chicks survived after cannibalism among the chicks. Initially, the male provided the food to the chicks and the female remained in the nest caring for the brood. After approximately a month, the female also began to leave the nest and return with prey, which was offered to the chicks, with the male also continuing this behavior. The chicks left the nest in September, 2017. The data obtained show the existence of cooperation and division of tasks between male and female owls during the reproductive period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.249169 82 downloads

Reduced genetic diversity and the success of the invasive peacock bass (Cichliformes: Cichlidae)
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Luz, S. C. S.

; Montes, M. A.

; Farias, R. S.

; Lima, R. V.

; Torres, R. A.

; Ferreira, E. J. G.

; Severi, W.

; Coimbra, M. R. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e248656

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Muitas espécies de Cichla colonizaram com sucesso lagos e reservatórios do Brasil desde os anos 1960, causando graves prejuízos à vida selvagem nesses locais. Neste estudo, 135 tucunarés foram coletados em um complexo de reservatórios a fim de identificar se representavam uma espécie dominante ou múltiplas espécies, uma vez que diversas espécies de Cichla foram registradas na bacia. Os espécimes foram identificados com base na coloração, dados morfométricos e merísticos, e por marcadores mitocondriais COI, 16S rDNA e Região Controle (RC). A sobreposição dos dados morfométricos e o padrão similar de coloração impediram a identificação utilizando as chaves de identificação disponíveis na literatura. Entretanto, as análises bayesiana e de máxima verossimilhança de dados moleculares demonstraram a ocorrência de uma única espécie, Cichla kelberi. Um único haplótipo foi observado para o 16S e RC, enquanto três foram detectados para o COI, com um haplótipo dominante presente em 98,5% das amostras. A baixa diversidade nos exemplares introduzidos de C. kelberi evidenciou um número limitado de linhagens maternas fundadoras. O sucesso da invasão parece depender de fatores abióticos, como a maior transparência da água de ambientes lênticos que favorece predadores visuais que, atrelado à ausência de predadores, fez do C. kelberi um invasor bem-sucedido nesses reservatórios.

Abstract Several species of Cichla successfully colonized lakes and reservoirs of Brazil, since the 1960’s, causing serious damage to local wildlife. In this study, 135 peacock bass were collected in a reservoir complex in order to identify if they represented a single dominant species or multiple ones, as several Cichla species have been reported in the basin. Specimens were identified by color pattern, morphometric and meristic data, and using mitochondrial markers COI, 16S rDNA and Control Region (CR). Overlapping morphological data and similar coloration patterns prevented their identification using the taxonomic keys to species identification available in the literature. However, Bayesian and maximum likelihood from sequencing data demonstrated the occurrence of a single species, Cichla kelberi. A single haplotype was observed for the 16S and CR, while three were detected for COI, with a dominant haplotype present in 98.5% of the samples. The extreme low diversity of the transplanted C. kelberi evidenced a limited number of founding maternal lineages. The success of this colonization seems to rely mainly on abiotic factors, such as increased water transparency of lentic environments that favor visual predators that along with the absence of predators, have made C. kelberi a successful invader of these reservoirs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.248656 101 downloads

Pre-germination treatments of melon seeds for the production of seedlings irrigated with biosaline water
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Silva, J. E. S. B.

; Torres, S. B.

; Leal, C. C. P.

; Leite, M. S.

; Guirra, K. S.

; Dantas, B. F.

; Morais, M. B.

; Guirra, B. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e257314

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A produção de meloeiro no semiárido brasileiro está sujeita a utilização de águas marginais com salinidade elevada. Entretanto, a utilização de reguladores e bioativadores no tratamento de sementes podem mitigar os efeitos nocivos dos sais na água de irrigação. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de tratamentos pré-germinativos com fitorreguladores e bioativador em sementes de melão para a produção de mudas irrigadas com água biossalina de efluente de piscicultura. Para isso, dois ensaios com os híbridos Goldex e Grand Prix foram realizados separadamente. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 × 3 (tratamentos pré-germinativos × diluições de água). Além do controle, as sementes foram tratadas com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico, e tiametoxam. As águas utilizadas para irrigação foram a de abastecimento local, efluente de piscicultura (água biossalina) e estas diluídas a 50%. Durante quatorze dias foram realizadas as análises fisiológicas e bioquímicas. A água biossalina (5,0 dS m-1) não afetou a emergência de plântulas de meloeiro Goldex, mas prejudicou o estabelecimento da cultivar Grand Prix. Os pré-tratamentos de sementes com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico atenuam os efeitos da salinidade da água e promovem modulações no crescimento, proporcionando mudas de meloeiro mais vigorosas.

Abstract Melon production in the Brazilian semi-arid region is subject to the use of marginal waters with high salinity. However, the use of regulators and bioactivators in seed treatment can mitigate the harmful effects of salts in irrigation water. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of pre-germination treatments with plant regulators and bioactivator in melon seeds for the production of seedlings irrigated with biosaline water from fish farming effluent. For this, two trials with the Goldex and Grand Prix hybrids were carried out separately. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme (pre-germination treatments × water dilutions). In addition to the control, the seeds were treated with salicylic and gibberellic acids and thiamethoxam. The waters used for irrigation were local-supply water, fish farming effluent (biosaline water) and these diluted to 50%. Physiological and biochemical analyses were performed for fourteen days. Biosaline water (5.0 dS m-1) did not affect the emergence of Goldex melon seedlings, but compromised the establishment of the Grand Prix cultivar. Seed pre-treatments with salicylic and gibberellic acids attenuate the effects of water salinity and promote growth modulations, resulting in more vigorous melon seedlings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.257314

Comparing cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity levels between third- and fifth-year medical students in a South African university
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Neophytou, N

; Torres, G

; Faku, M

; Madoka, R

; Mari, E

; Ndlovu, MK

; Bope, EB

; Van Heerden, L

; Constantinou, D

; Phaswana, M

South African Journal of Sports Medicine

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2024, Volume 36 N. 1 Pages 1 - 5

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as sedentary behaviour, decreased physical activity (PA), and low cardiorespiratory fitness lead to an increased and accelerated risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Medical students tend to adopt sedentary lifestyles due to a demanding curriculum. This may have a negative effect on CVD risk factors and cardiorespiratory fitness levels of medical students OBJECTIVES: To compare physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness levels in a cohort of third- and fifth-year undergraduate medical students in a South African university METHODS: Data from 123 third-year and 139 fifth-year medical students in the Graduate Entry Medical Programme (GEMP) at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, were collected. Measurements included CVD risk factors, height, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity vital signs and pre-participation health screening questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were presented as mean ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range] depending whether the data were normally distributed or not RESULTS: Both groups had low cardiorespiratory fitness when compared to norm values (GEMPI VO2 peak was 29.1 ± 5.9 ml.kg-1.min-1 and GEMPIII VO2 peak was 30.0[11.0] ml.kg-1.min-1). Most participants did not meet WHO physical activity requirements (GEMP I: 72%; GEMP III: 78%). There were significant differences in BMI (p=0.046), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.034) and VO2 peak (p=0.00001) between students meeting and not meeting WHO physical activity requirements (p<0.05 CONCLUSION: Third- and fifth-year medical students at a South African university fail to meet recommended WHO physical activity levels and are below cardiorespiratory fitness norms. Therefore, medical institutions should promote and implement targeted physical activity interventions to reduce the prevalence of low fitness levels and the associated health hazards among their students

https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2024/v36i1a15245

Evaluation of an automatized AMBU ESSI-1 INC designed at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez
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Abundes-Velasco, Arturo

; Sánchez-Pérez, Efraín

; Jiménez-Rodríguez, Gian M.

; Molina-Méndez, Francisco J.

; Herrera-Elizalde, Rafael

; Pulido-Zamudio, Tomás

; Álvarez-Rosales, Humberto

; Villegas-Juache, Juan

; Aceves-Díaz-González, Sebastián

; Parra-Rodríguez, David A.

; Cruz-Enríquez, Francisco J.

; Cobos-Reyes, Farid A.

; Aguilar-Torres, Eduardo A.

; Islas-Navarro, Enid A.

; Nuñez-Gómez, José C.

; Peña-Duque, Marco A.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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dec 2023, Volume 93 N. 4 Pages 391 - 397

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar un dispositivo automatizado para la asistencia ventilatoria basado en un AMBU manufacturado en Marzo del 2020. Métodos: El ESSI-1 INC fue evaluado por medio de parámetros fisiológicos y mecánica pulmonar a través de pruebas de espirómetro compensatorios (TISSOT); pulmón artificial (Modelo 5600i Dual Adult PNEU VIEW SYSTEM); así como su desempeño comparado a la máquina de anestesia (AEONMED 7500) en modelos porcinos, midiendo criterios ventilatorios, hemodinámicos y gasométricos. Resultados: Este equipo (ESSI-1 INC) fue exitosamente probado por modelos mecánicos y biológicos, tales como cerdos donde su desempeño fue evaluado en términos de la variabilidad del volumen tidal, frecuencia ventilatoria, y relación I/E versus el desempeño manual de dos médicos. Todos los resultados finalizaron como se esperaba de forma satisfactoria. Conclusiones: Es un equipo seguro y efectivo, el cual debería ser probado y usado en distintas condiciones clínicas para estandarizar la seguridad ventilatoria y cuidado de pacientes que lo requieran.

Abstract Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate an automated device for ventilatory support based on AMBU manufactured in March 2020. Methods: The ESSI-1 INC was evaluated through pulmonary mechanics and physiology parameters through compensatory spirometer tests (TISSOTs), and an artificial lung Model5600i Dual Adult PNEU VIEW SYSTEM; it was also compared to the anesthetic ventilatory support equipment (AEONMED 7500) in porcine models, measuring ventilatory, hemodynamic and gasometric parameters. Results: This equipment (ESSI-1 INC) was successfully tested by mechanical and biological models, such as pigs in which its performance was evaluated in terms of variability of tidal volume, ventilation frequency, and I/E relationship versus the manual performance of two medical interns. All the results turned out as expected and were satisfactory. Conclusions: It is safe and effective equipment and should be tested and used in diverse clinical conditions to standardize the ventilatory safety and care of patients who require it.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.2200004

Effect of school reopening on pediatric morbidity and mortality during the third epidemiological wave of COVID-19 in a Mexican state
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Reyna-Figueroa, Jesús

; Mirón-Calderón, Xochitl

; Durán-Mendieta, Victor

; Ramirez-Gijón, Guillermo

; Torres-Meza, Victor

; Anaya-López, Luis

; Frías-Badillo, Juan C.

; Mejía-Martínez, Valeria

; Salyano-Peñuelas, Yolanda A.

; Diaz-Martínez, Alfredo I.

; Fernández-Clamont, Francisco J.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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dec 2023, Volume 80 N. 6 Pages 367 - 373

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La determinación del efecto de reabrir las escuelas sobre las tasas de infección pediátrica por SARS-CoV-2 (síndrome respiratorio agudo grave coronavirus 2) incrementó la necesidad de trasmitir la experiencia de los gobiernos de muchas regiones geográficas para mejores decisiones futuras en emergencias sanitarias similares. Métodos: Mediante un estudio prospectivo basado en una cohorte poblacional se dio seguimiento a los alumnos de 18,988 escuelas del Estado de México que iniciaron con el regreso a clases. Se implementaron filtros sanitarios diarios en cada escuela y cotidianamente se informaban a los enlaces jurisdiccionales a través de una red negativa. Los casos identificados eran confirmados a través de RT-PCR (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa). Se estimaron frecuencias simples de casos, porcentajes e incidencias de COVID-19. Las incidencias del estado se compararon con la incidencia nacional. Resultados: Un total de 3,586 casos fueron confirmados; 2,048 (57.1%) correspondieron a niños. Veinticuatro (0.6%) fueron hospitalizados por COVID-19 moderado a grave; nueve (37.5%) fallecieron, y solamente una correspondió a un escolar. A partir de la semana 36 se observó una tasa promedio de infecciones de 0.36. En la semana epidemiológica 40 se observó la mayor tasa de infección en escolares (1.01); a partir de esta semana se observa un declive de los casos hasta la semana 50. Conclusiones: La implementación de intervenciones no farmacéuticas tiene más ventajas que limitaciones, siempre y cuando las estrategias sean homogéneas y correctamente ejecutadas, lo que asegurará un adecuado control en los contagios.

Abstract Background: Determining the effect of reopening schools on pediatric SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection rates increased the need to share the experience of governments in many geographic regions for better future decision-making in similar health emergencies. Methods: Through a prospective study based on a population-based cohort, students from 18,988 schools in the State of Mexico who began returning to school were followed. Daily sanitation filters were implemented in each school and district liaisons were informed on a daily basis through a negative network. Identified cases were confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Simple case frequencies, percentages, and incidences of COVID-19 were estimated. State incidences were compared with the national incidence. Results: A total of 3,586 cases were confirmed; 2,048 (57.1%) were children. Twenty-four (0.6%) were hospitalized for moderate to severe COVID-19; nine (37.5%) died, and only one was a schoolchild. From week 36, an average infection rate of 0.36 was observed. The highest infection rate in schoolchildren was observed in epidemiologic week 40 (1.01); from this week on, a decrease in the number of cases was observed until week 50. Conclusions: The use of non-pharmaceutical interventions has more advantages than limitations, as long as the strategies are homogeneous and properly implemented to ensure adequate control of infections.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.23000075

Immunoexpression of HSP27 does not seem to influence the prognosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
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Torres, Ondina Karla Mousinho Rocha

; Silva, Luiz Arthur Barbosa da

; Freitas, Roseana de Almeida

; Silveira, Éricka Janine Dantas da

; Miguel, Márcia Cristina da Costa

Brazilian Dental Journal

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oct 2023, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 125 - 133

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract New methods of early detection and risk assessment have been studied aiming to predict the prognosis of patients and directing a specialized treatment of the oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). In this context, several molecular biomarkers have been investigated for this purpose, and, among them, the heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) can be named. The study aimed to analyze whether heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) exerts any influence on OTSCC, correlating its immunoexpression with clinicopathological parameters, and patient survival. The sample comprised 55 OTSCC cases and 20 normal oral mucosa specimens. The malignancy grading systems proposed by the WHO in 2005, Brandwein-Gensler et al., and Almangush et al. were applied in a histomorphological study. HSP27 expressions were evaluated through the Immunoreactivity Score System (IRS). Significant values were considered at p <0.05 for all statistical tests. Higher IRS results were observed for normal oral mucosa specimens when compared to OTSCC cases (p <0.001). No significant associations between HSP27 immunostaining, the analyzed clinicopathological parameters and patient survival were observed. The results of the present study indicate lower HSP27 expression in OTSCC cases compared to normal oral mucosa specimens. Thus, HSP27 expression does not seem to influence patient prognosis.

Resumo Novos métodos de detecção precoce e avaliação de risco estão sendo estudados com o intuito de predizer o prognóstico dos pacientes e direcionar um tratamento diferenciado. Neste contexto, vários biomarcadores moleculares têm sido investigados com esta finalidade, dentre eles a heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar se a HSP27 exerce alguma influência nos carcinomas de células escamosas de língua oral (CCELO), correlacionando a sua imunoexpressão com parâmetros clinicopatológicos e com a sobrevida dos pacientes. A amostra foi constituída por 55 casos de CCELO e 20 espécimes de mucosa oral normal. Os sistemas de gradação de malignidade propostos pela OMS em 2005, Brandwein-Gensler et al. e Almangush et al. foram aplicados em um estudo histomorfológico. A expressão da HSP27 foi avaliada através do Sistema de Escore de Imunorreatividade (IRS). Para todos os testes estatísticos foram considerados valores significativos com p<0,05. Foi observado um maior IRS para a mucosa oral normal quando comparado aos casos de CCELO (p<0,001). Não foram encontradas associações significativas entre a imunomarcação da HSP27 com os parâmetros clinicopatológicos analisados e com a sobrevida dos pacientes. Os resultados do presente estudo indicam uma menor expressão da HSP27 nos casos de CCELO quando comparados aos espécimes de mucosa oral normal. Assim, a expressão da HSP27 parece não influenciar o prognóstico dos pacientes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305036

Tolerance of sour passion fruit cultivars to salt stress in a semi-arid region
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Lima, Geovani S. de

; Souza, Weslley B. B. de

; Paiva, Francisco J. da S.

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Torres, Rafaela A. F.

; Silva, Smyth T. de A.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Lopes, Kilson P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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oct 2023, Volume 27 N. 10 Pages 785 - 794

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Given the quantitative scarcity of low-salinity water resources in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is necessary to use water with a high concentration of salts. Thus, identifying salt-stress tolerant cultivars of crops is an alternative for expanding irrigated agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of passion fruit cultivars as a function of irrigation water electrical conductivity. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of the combination of five values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1) and three sour passion fruit cultivars (BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437, with three replicates. Electrical conductivity of water from 0.3 dS m-1 reduces the relative water content, gas exchange, and the number of fruits and increased electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade of passion fruit plants, at 153 days after transplantation. The passion fruit cultivars BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437 were classified as sensitive, with threshold electrical conductivity of water of 0.3, 1.0, and 0.3 dS m-1, respectively.

RESUMO Diante da escassez quantitativa de recursos hidrícos de baixa salinidade no semiárido do brasileiro, fez-se necessário a utilização de águas com alta concentração de sais. Assim, a identificação de cultivares tolerantes ao estresse salino é uma alternativa para expansão da agricultura irrigada. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a tolerância de cultivares de maracujazeiro-azedo em função da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, cujos tratamentos consistiram da combinação de cinco valores de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1), e três genótipos de maracujazeiro-azedo (BRS GA1, BRS SC1 e SCS437), com três repetições. A condutividade elétrica da água a partir de 0,3 dS m-1 diminuiu o conteúdo relativo de água, as trocas gasosas, o número de frutos, a produção por planta e aumentou o extravasamento de eletrólitos no limbo foliar das plantas de maracujazeiro-azedo, aos 153 dias após o transplantio. As cultivares de maracujazeiro-azedo BRS GA1, BRS SC1 e SCS437 foram classificadas como sensíveis à condutividade elétrica da água, com os níveis de salinidade limiar de 0,3; 1,0 e 0,3 dS m-1, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n10p785-794

Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part II: cognitive-behavioral therapy
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Mathis, Maria Alice de

; Chacon, Priscila

; Boavista, Rodrigo

; de Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Sousa

; de Barros, Pedro Macul Ferreira

; Echevarria, Marco Antonio Nocito

; Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno

; Vattimo, Edoardo Filippo de Queiroz

; Lopes, Antônio Carlos

; Torres, Albina Rodrigues

; Diniz, Juliana Belo

; Fontenelle, Leonardo

; do Rosário, Maria Conceição

; Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke

; da Silva, Renata de Melo Felipe

; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino

; Costa, Daniel Lucas da Conceição

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2023, Volume 45 N. 5 Pages 431 - 447

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To summarize evidence-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment and propose clinical interventions for adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: The literature on CBT interventions for adult OCD, including BT and exposure and response prevention, was systematically reviewed to develop updated clinical guidelines for clinicians, providing comprehensive details about the necessary procedures for the CBT protocol. We searched the literature from 2013-2020 in five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, and Lilacs) regarding study design, primary outcome measures, publication type, and language. Selected articles were assessed for quality with validated tools. Treatment recommendations were classified according to levels of evidence developed by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Results: We examined 44 new studies used to update the 2013 American Psychiatric Association guidelines. High-quality evidence supports CBT with exposure and response prevention techniques as a first-line treatment for OCD. Protocols for Internet-delivered CBT have also proven efficacious for adults with OCD. Conclusion: High-quality scientific evidence supports the use of CBT with exposure and response prevention to treat adults with OCD.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3081

10.

Compuestos orgánicos volátiles exhalados: ¿eficaces para detectar cáncer de mama?
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Alamilla-Valenzuela, Aneliz

; Erazo-Lema, Jhonnatan S.

; Hernández-Hernández, Belem S.

; Vega-Escalante, Brayant de J.

; Sarabia-Aguayo, Verónica V.

; Aguirre-Cervantes, Emma L.

; Sampablo-Flores, Esther I.

; Torres-Meza, Natalie H.

; Salcedo, Mauricio

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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sep 2023, Volume 22 N. 3 Pages 122 - 129

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: El cáncer de mama (CaMa) es el tipo de cáncer con una alta tasa de mortalidad y su diagnóstico oportuno, permitiría una mayor probabilidad de sobrevivencia. Actualmente hay diversos procedimientos para su detección, sin embargo, una posible alternativa no invasiva mediante la detección de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) en el aliento (exhalómica) de las pacientes se está explorando. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática (hasta junio de 2022) de publicaciones sobre la detección mediante cromatografía de gases de COV en el aliento de mujeres con mama sana, con lesiones benignas o invasoras y en líneas celulares, para buscar potenciales oncometabolitos. Resultados: Existe una gran heterogeneidad de COV (principalmente alcanos) en las pacientes analizadas, además de diferencias entre las distintas poblaciones. Discusión: Aun cuando hay detección de COV exhalados, es necesario un mayor número de estudios. De manera interesante, un grupo de COV son compartidos con otros tipos de cáncer. Conclusiones: Al momento, no se conoce el perfil de COV exhalados asociados con certeza al paciente de CaMa.

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BrCa) present a highest mortality rate, and its early diagnosis could improve the survival of the patient. At present, there are leading tests used for BrCa detection, but a novel alternative, non-invasive test, such as breath analysis (exhalomic) of volatile organic compounds (VOC) are being taken into consideration. Methods: A systematic review (until June 2022) about VOC detection from breath by using gas chromatography was performed. The goal was to identify probable oncometabolites in the gas sample from healthy breast tissue women, benign or malignant lesions, and including cultured cell lines. Results: There are a complex heterogeneity of exhaled VOC mainly alkanes in the analyzed samples, and between the different populations. Discussion: Even when exhaled VOC are detected, some more works should be performed to have conclusions. Interestingly some VOC are shared with other cancer types. Conclusions: Nowadays, there is no specific BrCa VOC-profile associated for BrCa or benign lesions diagnosis.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000099

11.

Formation of guava seedlings under irrigation with water of different cationic natures and salicylic acid
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Queiroga, Claudiene M. de

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Torres, Rafaela A. F.

; Paiva, Francisco J. da S.

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

Revista Caatinga

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sep 2023, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 650 - 662

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange, biomass, and quality of guava seedlings as a function of the cationic nature of the water used in irrigation and foliar application of salicylic acid. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Pombal, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design, in a 6 × 4 factorial scheme with six cationic compositions of irrigation water [S1 - Control (supply water); S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - Mg2+, and S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+], associated with four concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 1.3, 2.6, and 3.9 mM), with 3 replicates. Plants in control (S1) were irrigated with water of electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0.3 dS m-1, while in the other treatments were irrigated with different types of water and had an ECw of 4.3 dS m-1, consisting of different cations, in the form of chloride. In the seedling formation phase, guava plants were sensitive to calcic water, which resulted in a marked decrease in their growth. Stomatal conductance, transpiration, and biomass accumulation of guava seedlings were more affected by variation in electrical conductivity than by cationic nature of the water. Salicylic acid at concentrations of 2.9 and 1.9 mM increased stomatal conductance and stem dry biomass, respectively, of guava seedlings. Water with ECw of 4.3 dS m-1 allowed the formation of guava seedlings with acceptable quality for transplanting to the field, regardless of the cationic nature of the water.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas, as fitomassas e a qualidade das mudas de goiabeira em função da natureza catiônica da água utilizada na irrigação e aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, Pombal, PB, utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 6 × 4, sendo seis composições catiônicas da água de irrigação [S1 - Testemunha (água de abastecimento); S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - Mg2+ e S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+], associados a quatro concentrações de ácido salicílico (0; 1,3; 2,6 e 3,9 mM), com 3 repetições. As plantas referentes à testemunha (S1) foram irrigadas com água de condutividade elétrica (CEa) de 0,3 dS m-1, enquanto outros tratamentos diferentes tipos de águas foi utilizada com CEa de 4,3 dS m-1, constituída de diferentes cátions, em forma de cloreto. Na fase de formação de mudas, a goiabeira foi sensível à água de natureza cálcica, obtendo-se diminuição acentuada no crescimento das plantas. A condutância estomática, a transpiração e o acúmulo de fitomassas das mudas de goiabeira foram mais afetados pela variação na condutividade elétrica em comparação com a natureza catiônica da água. Ácido salicílico nas concentrações de 2,9 e 1,9 mM aumentou a condutância estomática e a fitomassa seca do caule, respectivamente, em mudas de goiabeira. A água com CEa de 4,3 dS m-1 permitiu a formação de mudas de goiabeira com qualidade aceitável para o transplantio no campo, independente da natureza catiônica da água.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n318rc

12.

Estado emocional del efecto covid-19 en sanitarios de Ciudad del Este
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Aranda, Tomás J. Campoy

; Duette, Carlina Vega

; Torres, Estela Noemí

; Rios, Antonella Ingolotti

Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay

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jun 2023, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 56 - 70

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate depression in Paraguayan health care workers who are in contact with COVID-19 patients, as well as symptoms associated with it. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. A total of 130 Paraguayan health professionals participated by means of purposive sampling. The HPQ-9 scale (Patient Health Questionnaire) was used. It is an instrument composed of 9 items related to depressive symptomatology. The mean score obtained by the healthcare workers in the PHQ-9 test was 6.56, which is interpreted as “mild or moderate depression”. In the somatic variables, there was a feeling of tiredness (83.1%), especially in the nurses (p=,016). Eating disorders were reported by 58.5% and sleep difficulties by 56.2%. In relation to personality disorders, 47.7% showed depressive symptoms in the last few days, especially among women. 37.7% felt that they had failed in the last few days. 37.7% felt they were failures, 11.5% at some time had suicidal thoughts, 58.4% had difficulties in concentrating on activities and 41.6% were affected in their social relationships. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that 27.6% of the medical professionals and 26.3% of the nursing professionals had thought about leaving the profession. Further study of this type is required to design effective interventions for protection and support.

Resumen: La pandemia COVID-19 ha supuesto un gran desafío para los sistemas de salud y su personal en todo el mundo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la depresión en sanitarios paraguayos que están en contacto con pacientes COVID-19, así como síntomas asociados a la misma. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron 130 profesionales paraguayos en el área de la salud mediante muestreo intencional. Se empleó la escala HPQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire). Se trata de un instrumento compuesto por 9 ítems relacionados con sintomatología depresiva. La puntuación media obtenida por los sanitarios, en la prueba PHQ-9, fue de 6,56, lo que se interpreta como “depresión leve o moderada”. En las variables de tipo somático, se presentó sensación de cansancio (83,1%), especialmente, en los enfermeros/as (p= ,016). El 58,5% manifestó alteraciones en la alimentación y el 56,2% dificultades en el sueño. En relación con trastornos de personalidad, el 47,7% evidenció síntomas depresivos en los últimos días, en especial las mujeres. El 37,7% se sintió fracasado, el 11,5% en algún momento tuvo ideas suicidas, el 58,4% dificultades en la concentración para actividades y el 41,6% vio afectadas sus relacione sociales. El análisis de regresión logística binaria percibió que el 27,6% de los profesionales en medicina y el 26,3% de enfermería había pensado en abandonar la profesión. Se requiere profundizar en este tipo de estudio para diseñar intervenciones eficaces de protección y ayuda.

https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2023.28.1.56

13.

Rendimiento para la interoperabilidad entre Raspberry pi, ESP8266 y PLC con Node-RED para el IIoT
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Torres Ventura, J.

; Ruelas Puente, A. H.

; Herrera García, J. R.

Ingenius. Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología

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jun 2023, N. 29 Pages 90 - 97

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This work evaluates the feasibility of integrating lowcost Raspberry pi boards and ESP8266 microcontrollers with industrial equipment of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) in a decentralized network. These devices will be the nodes that participate in the exchange of data between the manufacturing floor and business services in a simple, reliable and economical way. The network nodes produce and consume data that is exchanged by an open-source protocol manager node called Node-RED. The protocol manager is a server with a Linux kernel on a RISC (Reduced instruction set computing) microprocessor. The sensors in the manufacturing nodes use SoC (System On Chip) microcontrollers and through the concept of Edge computing they acquire, process and send their data to the protocol manager. Thus, using the Iperf3, Wireshark and MTR tools, we will measure the performance of the communications link and the status of the participating nodes in their data production/consumption processes.

Resumen Este trabajo evalúa la viabilidad de integrar en una red descentralizada las placas de bajo costo Raspberry pi, microcontroladores ESP8266 con equipos industriales de Controladores Lógicos Programables (PLC). Estos dispositivos serán los nodos que participan en el intercambio de datos entre el piso de manufactura y los servicios empresariales de manera simple, fiable y económica. Los nodos de la red producen y consumen datos que son intercambiados por un nodo gestor de protocolos open source llamado Node-RED. El gestor de protocolos es un servidor con núcleo de Linux sobre un microprocesador RISC (Reduced instruction set computing). Los sensores en los nodos de manufactura utilizan microcontroladores SoC (System On Chip) y mediante el concepto de Edge computing adquieren, procesan y envían sus datos al gestor de protocolos. Así, mediante la herramienta Iperf3, Wireshark y MTR, mediremos el rendimiento del enlace de comunicaciones y el estado que guardan los nodos participantes en sus procesos producción/consumo de datos.

https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n29.2023.08

14.

Percepción de la Virtualización de la Asignatura de Anatomía Humana Normal y Embriología en Pandemia
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Rodríguez-Luengo, Macarena

; Águila-Camacho, José

; Pallauta-Torres, Luis

; Pérez-Cárdenas, Nury

; Luengo-Mai, Diego

; Niklander-Ebensperger, Sven

; Goset-Poblete, Jessica

International Journal of Morphology

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jun 2023, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 863 - 872

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: As a result of the pandemic and the restrictions regarding in person attendance, different learning methodologies had to be explored and implemented to virtualize the contents in the Anatomy subject. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of teachers and students regarding the methodologies used in the virtualization of this subject. An observational-descriptive study with a quantitative approach was carried out. The study population was a convenience sample made up of 57 students and 4 teachers of the Normal Human Anatomy and Embryology subject of the Dentistry degree, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar campus during 2021. These participants answered a validated questionnaire that included closed questions with a 5-level Likert scale, considering learning dimensions, motivation and performance, and qualifying questions to find out the perception of the strategies and resources used. Students positively perceive all digital resources, highlighting the Normal Human Anatomy Manual, with learning being the best evaluated dimension. The best perceived active strategy in terms of the 3 dimensions corresponds to the case method. In contrast, the inverted classes were perceived negatively in all dimensions. In relation to teachers, the best perceived digital resource was videos and capsules, highlighting the motivation dimension. The best evaluated active strategies were the case method and inverted classes. Despite having a positive perception regarding virtualization, there is no agreement between the best evaluated active strategies and digital resources among teachers and students.

RESUMEN: Debido a la pandemia y las restricciones en cuanto a la presencialidad, diferentes metodologías de aprendizaje debieron ser exploradas e implementadas para virtualizar los contenidos en la asignatura de Anatomía. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la percepción de los docentes y alumnos con respecto a las metodologías utilizadas en la virtualización de dicha asignatura. Estudio observacional- descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo. La población de estudio correspondió a una muestra por conveniencia constituida por 57 alumnos y 4 docentes pertenecientes a la asignatura de Anatomía Humana Normal y Embriología de la carrera de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, sede Viña del Mar, dictada el año 2021. Dichos participantes contestaron un cuestionario validado que contemplaba preguntas cerradas con escala de Likert de 5 niveles, considerando las dimensiones de aprendizaje, motivación y rendimiento, y preguntas de calificación para conocer la percepción sobre las estrategias y recursos utilizados. Los alumnos perciben positivamente todos los recursos digitales, destacando el Manual de Anatomía Humana Normal, siendo el aprendizaje, la dimensión mejor evaluada. La estrategia activa mejor percibida en cuanto a las 3 dimensiones corresponde a método de casos. Por el contrario, las clases invertidas fueron percibidas negativamente en todas las dimensiones. En relación a los docentes, el recurso digital mejor percibido fue videos y cápsulas, destacando la dimensión motivación. Las estrategias activas mejor evaluadas fueron método de casos y clases invertidas. Pese a haber una percepción positiva con respecto a la virtualización, no hay concordancia entre las estrategias activas y recursos digitales mejor evaluados entre docentes y alumnos.

15.

Guía de práctica clínica para el manejo del cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas: enfermedad extensa
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Cabrera-Miranda, Luis A.

; Díaz-García, Diego A.

; Corona-Cruz, José F.

; Lozano-Ruiz, Francisco J.

; Sánchez-Reyes, Roberto

; Álvarez-Bojórquez, Mario E.

; Blake-Cerda, Mónika

; Rivera-Márquez, Raúl

; López-Saucedo, Raúl A.

; Pérez-Álvarez, Sandra I.

; Bolaño-Guerra, Laura M.

; Alatorre-Alexander, Jorge A.

; Alexander-Meza, Francisco

; Barrón-Barrón, Feliciano

; Blanco-Vázquez, Yazmín C.

; Campos-Gómez, Saúl

; Mata-Moya, Dolores de la

; Figueroa-Martínez, Pedro

; González-Cisneros, Paulina E.

; Íñiguez-García, Marco A.

; Lázaro-León, Jesús M.

; Loyola-García, Ulises

; Morales-Rivera, Marcelino

; Olivares-Torres, Carlos

; Ramos-Ramírez, Maritza

; Sáenz-Frías, Julia A.

; Silva-Bravo, Fernando

; Trejo-Rosales, Rogelio

; Souto-del Bosque, Miguel

; Arrieta, Óscar

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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jun 2023, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 55 - 73

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP enfermedad extensa en México basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad extensa, producto de preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas antes de incorporarla al cuerpo de la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad extensa del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica para estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by its rapid growth rate and the rapid development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of extensive disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: A consensus was reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, of extensive disease recommendations resulting from work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the Guide. Conclusions: This Clinical Practice Guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of extensive disease of SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000122

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