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Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

SELLOS: La potencia del ícono. Una visión contemporánea de los sellos cerámicos de la colección custodiada por el Museo de Arte Precolombino Casa del Alabado.
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Puente, Carlos Eduardo Montalvo

; Torre, Saralhue Acevedo Gómez de la

Índex, revista de arte contemporáneo

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nov 2022, N. 13 Pages 165 - 190

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This paper presents an approach to the research processes, development of curatorial concepts and connections with the contemporary world related to the materiality and use of archeological objects, built up around the temporary exhibition of Casa del Alabado Pre-Columbian Art Museum, SEALS: The power of the Icon. The purpose of the museum with this exhibition is the integration of conventional research processes with innovative technologies like 3D printing and digital documentation of the seals. The curatorial goal is to show the visual and aesthetic richness of these artifacts, discuss the forms of use and materials suited to be marked, and about the circulation of their graphic languages. The exhibition establishes a direct contact between publics, artists and researchers, bringing pre-columbian artifacts of high importance to the contemporary context.

Resumen Este artículo presenta un acercamiento a los procesos de investigación, desarrollo de conceptos curatoriales y nexos con el mundo contemporáneo con relación a la materialidad y usos de las piezas arqueológicas, en la exhibición temporal del Museo de Arte Precolombino Casa del Alabado: SELLOS: La potencia del ícono. La propuesta expositiva integra procesos investigativos tradicionales de los sellos, con tecnologías experimentales como la documentación digital y la impresión 3D. El objetivo curatorial es mostrar la riqueza visual y estética de estos objetos, discutir sobre sus formas de uso y materiales en los que fueron marcados, así como reflexionar sobre los lenguajes que transmiten. La exhibición establece un contacto directo con los públicos, artistas e investigadores, trayendo objetos precolombinos de importante valor a contextos contemporáneos.

https://doi.org/10.26807/cav.v0i13.478 30 downloads

El estudio de las caravanas migrantes en México
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo

Norteamérica

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aug 2022, Volume 17 N. 2 Pages 67 - 89

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar algunas aportaciones de mayor relevancia en el campo de estudio de las caravanas de migrantes. Para el logro de este objetivo, se realiza un repaso histórico de las diferentes caravanas de migrantes y se analizan cuatro discusiones clave para entender este fenómeno: 1) las caravanas como forma de movilidad, 2) como movimiento social, 3) la politización de estas marchas por parte de actores gubernamentales y 4) la visibilidad mediática de las caravanas y su presencia en redes sociales. Asimismo, se destaca cómo estos ejes se robustecen con el estudio de las nuevas caravanas de migrantes y el análisis comparativo de las marchas.

Abstract The aim of this work is to analyze some of the most important contributions to the study of migrant caravans. The author does a historic review of the different migrant caravans and analyzes four key discussions: 1) the caravans as a form of mobility; 2) as a social movement; 3) government actors’ politization of these marches; and 4) the caravans’ visibility in the media and on social media. He also underlines how these four issues can be strengthened by the study of new migrant caravans and a comparative analysis.

https://doi.org/10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2022.2.525

Impuestos ambientales como instrumento de control en entidades federativas mexicanas
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Palos Sosa, Martha Elba

; Plascencia de la Torre, Gloria María

; Méndez Aguilar, Eduardo

Retos de la Dirección

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aug 2022, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 1 - 26

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Aim: To analyze the environmental taxes of federal Mexican entities as instruments of environmental control. Methods: This study relied on the quantitative-qualitative methodology. It included the theoretical review of documents to provide knowledge and assessing grounds associated with environmental taxes, and to refer to the current situation in terms of collections. The work was based on the interpretation and analysis of data about federal environmental taxes collected and administered by federal entities. Cluster analysis was used to determine the performance models of federal entities in relation to environmental control. Main results: The research provided the grounds for environmental control assessment related to environmental taxes. It also produced information about environmental taxes and the state of collections in the 1993-2019 period. The performance of federal entities in relation to environmental control was determined, using federal environmental tax revenue indicators. Conclusions: This research confirmed that at the sub-national level there are few and scattered fiscal initiatives to levy greenhouse gas emissions or other environment-related taxes, and access the corresponding revenue. Because of the little local environmental tax revenue, the federal entity performance models associated with environmental control can be determined through federal environmental tax collection. The analysis of federal entities based on tax revenue from new automobiles in the 2008-2019 period corroborates the above.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar los impuestos ambientales en entidades federativas mexicanas, como instrumentos de control ambiental. Métodos: La metodología aplicada fue cuantitativa-cualitativa. Contempló el análisis teórico y de documentos con el propósito de suministrar conocimiento y bases valorativas con relación a los impuestos ambientales y presentar la situación actual de las recaudaciones. El trabajo se apoyó en el análisis e interpretación de datos e información acerca de los impuestos ambientales federales recaudados y administrados por las entidades federativas. Se empleó el análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos con el propósito de determinar las pautas de comportamiento de las entidades federativas respecto al control ambiental. Principales resultados: Se aportaron las bases valorativas con relación a los impuestos ambientales como instrumento de control ambiental. Se ofreció información sobre la situación de los impuestos ambientales y el comportamiento de las recaudaciones para el periodo 1993-2019. Se determinó el comportamiento de las entidades federativas respecto al control ambiental, haciendo uso de indicadores de ingresos por recaudación de impuestos ambientales federales. Conclusiones: Se confirmó que, a nivel subnacional, son pocas y aisladas las iniciativas fiscales para gravar emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero u otros impuestos ambientales, así como los correspondientes ingresos. Determinar las pautas en el comportamiento de las entidades federativas respecto al control ambiental, dados los bajos ingresos por impuestos ambientales propiamente locales, es posible a través de ingresos por recaudación de impuestos ambientales federales. El análisis realizado en las entidades federativas haciendo uso de los ingresos por impuesto sobre automóviles nuevos en el periodo 2008-2019 así lo confirma.

Factores asociados a esteatosis hepática no alcohólica en pacientes del área rural del cantón Chambo
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Coello Viñán, Jenny Elizabeth

; Sánchez-De la Torre, Mayra Elizabeth

; Coronel Parra, Angélica María

; Caicedo Mosquera, Diana Soraya

; Sócola Macas, Ruddy Yesenia

; Escobar Bautista, Abrahan Rodrigo

; Coello Viñán, Byron Eduardo

Revista Eugenio Espejo

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apr 2022, Volume 16 N. 1 Pages 39 - 49

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Thus, research aimed to determine the factors associated with this pathology in patients treated at the Type B Chambo Health Center, Ecuador, during 2020. A study was carried out with a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and retrospective approach. The selected medical records provided the information for the variables of interest. The mean age of the population was 54.43 ± 8.10 years of age. 60.38% had arterial hypertension, 52.83% diabetes mellitus, 62.26% overweight or obesity and 49.06% dyslipidemia. It was determined that these comorbidities had a significant relationship with the disease under study, which was more incident in ages older than 50. Sedentary people or those ones with low levels of physical activity showed ALT and AST.

Resumen La hepatopatía crónica más prevalente en el mundo es la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica. Así, se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de determinar los factores asociados a esa patología en pacientes atendidos en el Centro de salud tipo B Chambo, Ecuador, durante 2020. Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental, correlacional y retrospectivo. Las historias clínicas seleccionadas aportaron los datos de las variables de interés. La media de la edad de los involucrados fue de 54,43 ± 8,10 años. El 60,38% tenía hipertensión arterial, el 52,83% diabetes mellitus, el 62,26% sobrepeso u obesidad y el 49,06% dislipidemia, determinando que estas comorbilidades tuvieron una relación significativa con la enfermedad objeto de estudio, la que resultó más incidente en edades mayores de 50 años. Las personas sedentarias o con bajos niveles de actividad física mostraron de ALT y AST.

https://doi.org/10.37135/ee.04.13.05 107 downloads

Saúde mental, direitos humanos e justiça ambiental: a ‘quimicalização da vida’ como uma questão de violação de direitos humanos decorrente da intoxicação institucionalizada
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Torre, Eduardo

; Amarante, Paulo

Saúde em Debate

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2022, Volume 46 N. spe2 Pages 327 - 344

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este trabalho tematiza o problema das consequências sociossanitárias e ambientais do círculo vicioso que liga violação de direitos humanos, insegurança alimentar e intoxicação institucionalizada, principalmente em relação aos efeitos sobre a saúde mental decorrentes dos contaminantes ambientais e dos agrotóxicos. O modelo predatório do capitalismo pós-industrial nasceu vinculado a fatores centrais, como: a agricultura químico-dependente, a medicalização social e a transição nutricional, associadas à mercantilização perversa dos recursos naturais. A expansão de monoculturas de larga escala com uso de agrotóxicos e outros contaminantes ambientais, a expansão da indústria farmacêutica e da tecnificação médica, e a expansão do modelo de alimentação industrial aditivada são consequências associadas a esses fatores que estão interligados. Além disso, esse processo é estimulado e reproduzido de forma institucionalizada e legalizada e vem produzindo múltiplas violações de direitos humanos e o aprofundamento de diversas formas de intoxicação e adoecimento: esse modelo pode ser denominado de ‘paradigma da quimicalização da vida’.

ABSTRACT This work thematizes the problem of socio-sanitary and environmental consequences of the vicious circle that links human rights violations, food insecurity, and institutionalized intoxication, mainly in relation to the effects on mental health resulting from environmental contaminants and pesticides. The predatory model of post-industrial capitalism was born linked to central factors, such as: chemical-dependent agriculture, social medicalization, and nutritional transition, associated with the perverse commodification of natural resources. The expansion of large-scale monocultures using pesticides and other environmental contaminants, the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry and medical technology, and the expansion of the industrial additivated food model are consequences associated with these interconnected factors. In addition, this process is stimulated and reproduced in an institutionalized and legalized way and has been producing multiple human rights violations and the deepening of various forms of intoxication and illness: this model can be called the ‘paradigm of the chemicalization of life’.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022e222

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Torre, Eduardo

; Amarante, Paulo

Saúde em Debate

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2022, Volume 46 N. spe2 Pages 327 - 344

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022e222

Mujeres migrantes en tránsito por México. La perspectiva cuantitativa y de género
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo

La ventana. Revista de estudios de género

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dec 2021, Volume 6 N. 54 Pages 209 - 239

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The objective of this work is to comprehensively analyze the experience of migrant women in transit through Mexico from a quantitative and gender perspective. Based on the Survey on Migration in the Southern Border (Emif Sur), the migration strategies in transit of Central American women are analyzed, as well as the harmful situations and damages they suffer on their journeys through Mexican territory, compared to males and in relation to gender roles. Additionally, three key concepts of women’s migration journeys are examined: vulnerability, risks, and migration strategies. The empirical evidence analyzed indicates that women, despite their greater vulnerability to face migratory transit, deploy various migratory strategies that allow them to reduce the harmful effects of their journeys through Mexico and emerge more unscathed than their male compatriots; at least, regarding certain risks and dangers such as robberies and assaults, fatal accidents, and violent deaths. However, there are some problems in their trajectories, such as sexual assaults and human trafficking, which continue to affect women prominently and on which the existing information is insufficient.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar de manera integral la experiencia de las mujeres migrantes en tránsito por México desde una mirada cuantitativa y de género. Con base en la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Sur (Emif Sur), se analizan las estrategias migratorias en tránsito de las mujeres centroamericanas, así como las situaciones nocivas y daños que padecen en sus trayectos por el territorio mexicano, de manera comparada con los varones y en relación con los roles de género. Adicionalmente, se examinan tres conceptos claves de las trayectorias migratorias de las mujeres: la vulnerabilidad, los riesgos y las estrategias migratorias. La evidencia empírica analizada apunta a que las mujeres, pese a su mayor vulnerabilidad para afrontar el tránsito migratorio, despliegan diversas estrategias migratorias que les permiten reducir los efectos perjudiciales de sus travesías por México y salir más indemnes que sus connacionales varones; al menos, respecto a ciertos riesgos y peligros como son los robos y asaltos, los accidentes mortales y las muertes violentas. No obstante, existen algunas problemáticas del tránsito, como las agresiones sexuales y la trata de personas, que continúan afectando de manera destacada a las mujeres y sobre las cuáles la información existente es deficitaria.

458 downloads

El coyotaje y sus discursos contrapuestos: el rol del coyote en los robos a y abandonos de migrantes
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo

; Hernández Campos, Carlos Manuel

Sociológica (México)

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dec 2021, Volume 36 N. 104 Pages 109 - 144

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to analyze the main dangers that Central American and Mexican migrants confront when they resort to smugglers to get to the United States, and how the adversities they face are interpreted in light of two of the most outstanding discourses about smuggling. Based on surveys about migration done along Mexico’s northern and southern borders, the authors examine this phenomenon as well as the figures for thefts, assaults, and abandonment that these people suffer at the hands of smugglers.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los principales peligros que los migrantes centroamericanos y mexicanos enfrentan al recurrir a los coyotes en su intención de llegar a Estados Unidos, y cómo las adversidades que afrontan se interpretan a la luz de dos de los más destacados discursos respecto del coyotaje. Con base en las Encuestas sobre Migración en las Fronteras Sur y Norte de México se examina este fenómeno, así como también las cifras de robos, asaltos y abandonos de que son víctimas estas personas por parte de los coyotes.

42 downloads

10.

Conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y percepción sobre Zika en mujeres en edad fértil de Amazonas, Perú
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Mateo, Susan Y.

; Guzmán-Cuzcano, Jessica C.

; Peña-Sánchez, E. Ricardo

; Yon, Carmen

; Valderrama, Betsabet

; Carrasco, Julia

; La Torre, Lenin

; Chapilliquen, Fernando

; Aguilar, Marlith

; Quezada, Eduardo

; Pershing Bustamante, Tomas

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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dec 2021, Volume 38 N. 4 Pages 551 - 561

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective. To describe the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceptions about Zika in women of childbearing age (WCA) in the department of Amazonas in Peru, following a Zika outbreak. Materials and methods. Descriptive study with a mixed quantitative-qualitative approach. We carried out stratified sampling, by applying a survey to a sample of 723 WCA aged 15 to 49 years in the district of Bagua, department of Amazonas, then we carried out four focus groups with 35 WCA in each group. Frequencies and the grounded theory were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively. Interpretation of both methods was integrated using a narrative approach. Results. We found that 86.3% of WCA knew that it is possible to get sick with Zika, 10.1% knew that it is transmitted through sexual intercourse, 2.2% knew that it can be transmitted during pregnancy and 68.5% consider that the information is insufficient. In practice, 60% (n=434) used mosquito nets, 53.4% (n=386) covered water containers and 7.3% (n=4) perceived local government involvement. Qualitative data showed distrust of vector control and expressed the need for psychological support for pregnant women and their families. Conclusions. There are gaps in the knowledge and practices of WCA regarding the prevention of sexual and vertical transmission of Zika; WCA distrust vector control, do not perceive local government involvement, suggest psychological support should be provided to pregnant women with Zika, as well as to mothers with disabled children, and wish to access more information about Zika.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Describir los conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y percepciones del zika en mujeres en edad fértil (MEF) en el departamento de Amazonas, posterior a un brote de zika. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de enfoque mixto cuanticualitativo. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado, aplicándose una encuesta a una muestra de 723 MEF de 15 a 49 años del distrito de Bagua, departamento de Amazonas y cuatro grupos focales con 35 MEF. Se aplicó una encuesta y guía de grupo focal. Se usaron frecuencias y teoría fundamentada para el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo respectivamente. Se integró ambos enfoques en la interpretación mediante abordaje narrativo. Resultados. El 86,3% de MEF conocen que es posible enfermar con zika, 10,1% que se transmite por relaciones sexuales, 2,2% durante el embarazo y 68,5% consideran que es insuficiente la información. En la práctica; 60%(n=434) usa mosquiteros, 53,4%(n=386) tapa recipientes de agua y el 7,3%(n=4) perciben participación del gobierno local. Los datos cualitativos muestran desconfianza al control vectorial y expresan necesidad de apoyo psicológico a las gestantes y familia. Conclusiones. Existen brechas en el conocimiento y prácticas para la prevención del zika por trasmisión sexual y vertical, tienen desconfianza del control vectorial, no perciben participación del gobierno local, sugieren acompañamiento psicológico a la gestante con zika, a la madre con niño discapacitado y desean acceder a más información sobre zika.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2021.384.8558

11.

Conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y percepción sobre Zika en mujeres en edad fértil de Amazonas, Perú
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Mateo, Susan Y.

; Guzmán-Cuzcano, Jessica C.

; Peña-Sánchez, E. Ricardo

; Yon, Carmen

; Valderrama, Betsabet

; Carrasco, Julia

; La Torre, Lenin

; Chapilliquen, Fernando

; Aguilar, Marlith

; Quezada, Eduardo

; Pershing Bustamante, Tomas

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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oct 2021, Volume 38 N. 4 Pages 551 - 561

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2021.384.8558

12.

Criminalización, separación familiar y reemigración a Estados Unidos de varones mexicanos deportados
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo

; Calva Sánchez, Luis Enrique

Estudios demográficos y urbanos

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aug 2021, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 637 - 672

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract By using data from the Survey on Migration in the Northern Border of Mexico, we analyze how the intentions to return to the Uni ted States of the men deported by the immigration authorities of that country vary, according to how they are affected by the deportation system, that criminalizes the undocumented migrants and their reentry into the US territory and according to the members of their families who remain in that country after deportation. Additionally, we examine the figures of deportations, family separations, prohibitions of reentry and intentions of reentry.

Resumen Mediante el uso de datos de la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Norte de México, analizamos cómo varían las intenciones de regresar a Estados Unidos de los varones deportados por las autoridades migratorias de aquel país en función de cómo son afectados por el sistema de deportación -que criminaliza a los migrantes en situación irregular y su reingreso al territorio estadounidense- y según los integrantes de sus familias que se quedaron en aquel país tras la deportación. Adicionalmente, examinamos las cifras de deportaciones, prohibiciones de reingreso, separaciones familiares e intenciones de reingreso.

https://doi.org/10.24201/edu.v36i2.1971 203 downloads

13.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y Hemoglobina Glicosilada en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
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Coello Viñán, Byron Eduardo

; Coello Viñán, Jenny Elizabeth

; Sánchez De la Torre, Mayra Elizabeth

Revista Eugenio Espejo

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apr 2021, Volume 15 N. 1 Pages 1 - 11

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Diabetes mellitus negatively affects the quality of life of patients who suffer it. In this regard, a non-experimental cross-sectional study was carried out in order to determine the relationship between quality of life according to the dimensions of the Euro-Qol (EQ-5D) questionnaire and the HbA1c 42 values in patients diagnosed with type 2diabetes mellitus in El Retamal neighborhood, city of Riobamba from January to February 2019. Data about health-related quality of life were collected using the EQ-5D questionnaire, while glycosylated hemoglobin values were obtained from the medical records. The statistically significant relationship was established between all the dimensions of the EQ-5D questionnaire and the glycosylated hemoglobin values with a value of p<0.001 through a univariate linear regression. It was concluded that self-perception of health-related quality of life and glycosylated hemoglobin values are closely related.

Resumen La diabetes mellitus afecta negativamente la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen; al respecto, se realizó un estudio no experimental de corte transversal, con el objetivo de determinar la relación entre calidad de vida según las dimensiones del cuestionario Euro-Qol (EQ-5D) y los valores de HbA1c 42 en pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del barrio El Retamal de la ciudad de Riobamba entre los meses de enero y febrero de 2019. Los datos sobre calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se recolectaron mediante el cuestionario EQ-5D, mientras que los valores de hemoglobina glicosilada se obtuvieron a partir de las historias clínicas. A través de una regresión lineal univariante, se estableció la relación estadísticamente significativa entre todas las dimensiones del cuestionario EQ-5D y los valores de hemoglobina glicosilada con un valor de p<0,001; lo que permitió concluir que la autopercepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y los valores de hemoglobina glicosilada guardan una estrecha relación.

https://doi.org/10.37135/ee.04.10.01 71 downloads

14.

El sistema de refugio mexicano: entre proteger y contener
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo

; París Pombo, María Dolores

; Gutiérrez López, Eduardo Elías

; Cejudo-Espinosa, Luis

Frontera norte

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2021, Volume 33 elocation e2103

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract In a context of restriction of both irregular migration flows and those in need of protection in the global North, the objective of this article is to analyze the implementation of Mexican refuge policies after the legal changes of 2011. Based on the documentary review and the statistics from the administrative records of COMAR, the obstacles encountered by those who require international protection to be granted refugee status, or, in this case, complementary protection (protección complementaria), are analyzed. While Mexican legislation is generous in terms of the possibility of granting these legal protections, the analysis of their implementation allows us to account for practices of blocking, deterrence and immobilization that - in the logic of containment - make it difficult, as well as with often prevent, achieve international protection.

Resumen En un contexto de restricción tanto de los flujos migratorios irregulares como de necesitados de protección en el Norte global, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar la implementación de las políticas de refugio mexicanas tras los cambios legales de 2011. Con base en la revisión documental y las estadísticas de los registros administrativos de la Comisión Mexicana de Ayuda a Refugiados (COMAR), se analizan los obstáculos que encuentran quienes requieren de protección internacional para que se les otorgue la condición de refugiado, o en su caso, protección complementaria. Mientras que la legislación mexicana es generosa en cuanto a la posibilidad de otorgar estas protecciones legales, el análisis de su puesta en marcha permite dar cuenta de prácticas de bloqueo, disuasión e inmovilización que –en la lógica de la contención– dificultan, así como con frecuencia impiden, alcanzar protección internacional.

https://doi.org/10.33679/rfn.v1i1.2103 285 downloads

15.

Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study,
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Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo

; Lima-Setta, Fernanda

; Santos, Gustavo Rodrigues dos

; Lanziotti, Vanessa Soares

; Castro, Roberta Esteves Vieira de

; Souza, Daniela Carla de

; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo

; Oliveira, Felipe Rezende Caino de

; Lima, Lucio Flavio Peixoto de

; Tonial, Cristian Tedesco

; Colleti Jr., José

; Bellinat, Ana Paula Novaes

; Lorenzo, Vivian Botelho

; Zeitel, Raquel de Seixas

; Pulcheri, Lucas

; Costa, Fernanda Ciuffo Monte da

; La Torre, Fabíola Peixoto Ferreira

; Figueiredo, Elaine Augusta das Neves

; Silva, Thiago Peres da

; Riveiro, Paula Marins

; Mota, Isabele Coelho Fonseca da

; Brandão, Igor Bromonschenkel

; Azevedo, Zina Maria Almeida de

; Gregory, Simone Camera

; Boedo, Fernanda Raquel Oliveira

; Carvalho, Rosana Novais de

; Castro, Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodriguez

; Genu, Daniel Hilário Santos

; Foronda, Flavia Andrea Krepel

; Cunha, Antonio José Ledo A.

; Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara de

Jornal de Pediatria

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

dec 2020, Volume 96 N. 5 Pages 582 - 592

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as características clínicas de crianças e adolescentes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva com COVID-19 confirmada. Método: Estudo prospectivo, multicêntrico, observacional, em 19 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Foram incluídos pacientes entre um mês e 19 anos, admitidos consecutivamente (março a maio de 2020). As características demográficas, clínico-epidemiológicas, o tratamento e os resultados foram coletados. Os subgrupos foram comparados de acordo com as comorbidades, idade < 1 ano e necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva. Um modelo de regressão logística multivariável foi utilizado para preditores de gravidade. Resultados: Setenta e nove pacientes foram incluídos (10 com síndrome inflamatória multi-ssistêmica). Mediana de idade, quatro anos; 54% eram do sexo masculino (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 80%); 41% tinham comorbidades (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 20%). Febre (76%), tosse (51%) e taquipneia (50%) foram comuns nos dois grupos. Sintomas graves egastrointestinais e marcadores inflamatórios mais elevados foram mais frequentes na presença de síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Infiltrados intersticiais pulmonares foram comuns em ambos os grupos, mas o derrame pleural foi mais prevalente no grupo com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica (43% vs. 14%). A ventilação mecânica invasiva foi utilizada em 18% (mediana 7,5 dias); antibióticos, oseltamivir e corticosteroides foram utilizados em 76%, 43% e 23%, respectivamente, mas não a hidroxicloroquina. A mediana do tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica foi de 5 dias; duas mortes ocorreram (3%) no grupo não- síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Os pacientes com comorbidades eram mais velhos, e as comorbidades foram independentemente associadas à necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva(OR 5,5; IC95%, 1,43-21,12; P 0,01). Conclusões: Nas unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras, a COVID-19 apresentou baixa mortalidade, a idade inferior a um ano não foi associada a um pior prognóstico, os pacientes com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica apresentaram sintomas mais graves, biomarcadores inflamatórios mais elevados e uma grande predominância no sexo masculino, mas apenas a presença de comorbidades e doenças crônicas foi um preditor independente de gravidade.

Abstract Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents admitted to intensive care with confirmed COVID-19. Method: Prospective, multicenter, observational study, in 19 pediatric intensive care units. Patients aged 1 month to 19 years admitted consecutively (March-May 2020) were included. Demographic, clinical-epidemiological features, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Subgroups were compared according to comorbidities, age < 1 year, and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for predictors of severity. Results: Seventy-nine patients were included (ten with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome). Median age 4 years; 54% male (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 80%); 41% had comorbidities (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 20%). Fever (76%), cough (51%), and tachypnea (50%) were common in both groups. Severe symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and higher inflammatory markers were more frequent in multisystemic inflammatory syndrome. Interstitial lung infiltrates were common in both groups, but pleural effusion was more prevalent in the multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group (43% vs. 14%). Invasive mechanical ventilation was used in 18% (median 7.5 days); antibiotics, oseltamivir, and corticosteroids were used in 76%, 43%, and 23%, respectively, but not hydroxychloroquine. The median pediatric intensive care unit length-of-stay was five days; there were two deaths (3%) in the non- multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group. Patients with comorbidities were older and comorbidities were independently associated with the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 5.5; 95% CI, 1.43-21.12; p = 0.01). Conclusions: In Brazilian pediatric intensive care units, COVID-19 had low mortality, age less than 1 year was not associated with a worse prognosis, and patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome had more severe symptoms, higher inflammatory biomarkers, and a greater predominance of males, but only comorbidities and chronic diseases were independent predictors of severity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.002 2718 downloads

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