Abstract Uncontrolled use of the Internet is already considered a public health problem in some countries. From a psychological perspective, evidence suggests a relationship between the uncontrolled use of the Internet and the ruminative self-consciousness (when attention is directed towards a negative self-assessment), which, in turn, may be associated with mental disorders. In this sense, the present research had the objective of verifying the relationships between the variable level of Internet use, self-consciousness styles (ruminative and reflexive), and gender in young university students. The participants in the quantitative study were 450 university students between 18 and 25 years (50 % female) who answered the Internet Dependence Test and the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire. The data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analyses (t Test for Independent Samples, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regressions). The results show that the style of ruminative self-consciousness is significantly associated with the female gender. The multiple linear regression for each gender, considering the uncontrolled use of the Internet as a dependent variable, indicated that, for both male and female participants, ruminative self-consciousness directly and significantly explained the uncontrolled use of the Internet. The implications of the association of the ruminative style to psychological maladaptation and its possible interference in the level of Internet use are discussed as obstacles to the perception of the triggers that foster addiction and the search for conflict resolution and problems related to the uncontrolled use of the Internet.

Resumen El uso incontrolado de Internet ya se considera un problema de salud pública en algunos países. Desde una perspectiva psicológica, la evidencia sugiere una relación entre el uso descontrolado de Internet y la autoconciencia rumiativa (cuando la atención de uno mismo se dirige hacia una autoevaluación negativa) que, a su vez, puede estar asociada con trastornos mentales. En este sentido, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo verificar la relación entre las variables nivel de uso de Internet, estilo de autoconciencia (rumiativa y reflexiva) y género en jóvenes universitarios. En el estudio cuantitativo participaron 450 estudiantes universitarios, entre 18 y 25 años (50 % mujeres), quienes respondieron el Test de Dependencia de Internet y el Cuestionario de Rumiación y Reflexión. Los datos se sometieron a análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial (prueba t para muestras independientes, análisis de varianza y regresiones lineales múltiples). Los resultados muestran que el estilo de autoconciencia rumiativa se asocia significativamente con el género femenino. La regresión lineal múltiple, para cada género, considerando el uso descontrolado de Internet como variable dependiente, señaló que, tanto para hombres como para mujeres, la autoconciencia rumiativa explicaba directa y significativamente el uso descontrolado de Internet. Se discuten las implicaciones de la asociación del estilo rumiativo con la mala adaptación psicológica y su posible interferencia en el nivel de uso de Internet, como obstáculo para la percepción de los desencadenantes que liberan una adicción y para la búsqueda de resolución de conflictos y problemas relacionados con el uso descontrolado de Internet.

Resumo O uso descontrolado de Internet já é considerado um problema de saúde pública em alguns países. De uma perspectiva psicológica, evidências sugerem uma relação entre o uso descontrolado de Internet e a autoconsciência ruminativa (quando a autoatenção é direcionada para uma avaliação negativa de si mesmo) que, por sua vez, pode estar associada a transtornos mentais. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de verificar as relações entre as variáveis nível de uso de Internet, estilo de autoconsciência (ruminativa e reflexiva) e gênero em adultos jovens universitários. Participaram do estudo quantitativo 450 universitários, entre 18 e 25 anos de idade (50 % do gênero feminino), que responderam ao Teste de Dependência de Internet e ao Questionário de Ruminação e Reflexão. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial (Teste t para Amostras Independentes, Análise de Variância e Regressões Lineares Múltiplas). Os resultados apontam que o estilo de autoconsciência ruminativo está significativamente associado ao gênero feminino. A regressão linear múltipla, para cada gênero, considerando o uso descontrolado de Internet como variável dependente apontou que, tanto para participantes do gênero masculino quanto do feminino, a autoconsciência ruminativa explicou direta e significativamente o uso descontrolado de Internet. Discutem-se implicações da associação do estilo ruminativo à má adaptação psicológica e sua possível interferência no nível de uso de Internet, enquanto obstáculo à percepção dos gatilhos desencadeadores de uma dependência e a busca de resolução de conflitos e de problemas relacionados ao uso descontrolado da Internet.

RESUMO Este estudo investigou o efeito de um método de secagem com razões intermitentes no tempo efetivo de secagem, consumo específico de energia e rendimento de óleo essencial de folhas de manjericão cravo (Ocimum gratissimum L.). Os testes de secagem foram conduzidos no Laboratório de Pós-colheita de Plantas Medicinais, Aromáticas e Condimentares do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, (20° 46’ 13.5” S; 42° 52’ 23.3” N, e altitude de 665 m) em outubro e novembro de 2017. O experimento foi conduzido usando um esquema fatorial 3 × 4, incluindo três temperaturas de secagem a 50, 60 e 70 °C, com quatro processos de secagem: contínua e as três razões intermitentes seguintes de secagem/repouso em minutos 10/20, 15/15 e 20/10. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado e com três repetições. A aplicação da razão intermitente 10/20 reduziu o tempo efetivo de secagem e o consumo específico de energia. Quanto ao rendimento de óleo essencial, o uso da intermitência apresentou resultados diferentes para cada temperatura de secagem; os maiores rendimentos foram observados com secagem contínua a 50 °C e secagem com a razão intermitente 20/10 a 60 °C. Os resultados indicam que a secagem intermitente a 50 °C não é recomendada para preservar o rendimento de óleo essencial.

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of a drying method with intermittent ratios on the effective drying time, specific energy consumption and essential oil yield of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) leaves. The drying tests were conducted at the Postharvest Laboratory of Medicinal, Aromatic and Condiment Plants, from the Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil (20° 46’ 13.5” S; 42° 52’ 23.3” W, and altitude of 645 m) in October and November 2017. The experiment was conducted by using a 3 × 4 factorial scheme including three drying temperatures at 50, 60 and 70 °C, with four drying processes: continuous drying and the following three intermittent drying/tempering ratios in minutes: 10/20, 15/15 and 20/10. The design was completely randomized and with three repetitions. The application of the 10/20 intermittent ratio reduced the effective drying time and the specific energy consumption. Regarding the essential oil yield, the use of the intermittence presented different results for each temperature of drying; the highest yields were observed with continuous drying at 50 °C and drying with the 20/10 intermittent ratio at 60 °C. The results indicate that intermittent drying at 50 °C is not recommended to preserve essential oil yields.

Abstract Functional foods are those that bring benefits to human health beyond nutrition such as the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, allergies and intestinal problems. Among the functional foods highly consumed worldwide, yogurt is highlighted, especially in the probiotic and symbiotic versions. The aim of this study was to use the Jerusalem artichoke tuber flour ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a new prebiotic source for the development of functional yogurt. The identification and quantification of the fructans of the Jerusalem artichoke flour was performed and later yoghurt formulations were elaborated. These yogurts were submitted to analyses of centesimal composition, shelf life and sensorial evaluation. For the biological evaluation, a symbiotic yogurt formulation was chosen (the best accepted in sensorial evaluation) and included in the feed of New Zealand white rabbits, in the growth and final phase. The in vivo experiment had three distinct groups (control group, probiotic group and symbiotic group). At the end of 50 days of experiment, the animals were euthanized and submitted to the serological and cecal microbiota evaluation. Through this study, the prebiotic/bifidogenic capacity of Jerusalem artichoke flour was evidenced.

Objective: To correlate neurotrophic factors – brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and beta-nerve growth factor (beta-NGF) – and severity of depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) undergoing cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, participants were selected by convenience and received 16 sessions of CBT. The outcomes of interest were severity of depressive symptoms and changes in neurotrophic factor levels after CBT. The differences between variables before and after treatment (deltas) were analyzed. Results: Patients had significant changes in symptom severity after treatment. No significant associations were found between Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) scores and any independent variable. No correlations were observed between BDNF or GDNF levels and BDI scores before or after treatment, although there was a trend toward significant differences in beta-NGF levels. Conclusion: BDNF, beta-NGF, and GDNF were not influenced by the effects of CBT on depressive symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the association between abuse of and dependence on different psychoactive substances and the presence of anxiety disorders in a sample of young adults from a city in southern Brazil. Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, we carried out a cross-sectional, population-based study of individuals aged 18-24 years who lived in Pelotas, a city in southern Brazil. We evaluated anxiety disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 (MINI), and use of psychoactive substances with the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST 2.0/0MS). We used Fisher’s exact test for univariate analysis, and Poisson regression models with robust variance for multivariable analysis. Results: The sample consisted of 1,560 young adults. The overall prevalence of abuse/dependence was 26.9% for alcohol, 24.9% for tobacco, and 7.3% for illicit substances. Individuals with agoraphobia had a 32% higher prevalence of tobacco abuse/dependence (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.32 [95%CI 1.01-1.74]). Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) had a 2.41-fold (95%CI 1.22-4.77) and 1.76-fold (95%CI 1.00-3.11) higher prevalence of illicit substance abuse/dependence, respectively. Conclusion: In this population-based sample, we found associations between GAD, PTSD, and increased prevalence of illicit substance abuse/dependence. In addition, individuals with agoraphobia seem to have increased tobacco abuse/dependence.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o ganho genético para a seleção de caracteres de qualidade de processamento de tubérculos de batata em função dos ambientes de cultivo da região Sul do Brasil. Foram conduzidos experimentos em condições de verão, em São Joaquim/SC, e de primavera e outono, em Júlio de Castilhos/RS, representativos dos principais ambientes de cultivo da batata na região Sul do Brasil. Em cada ambiente, foram avaliados 18 clones de batata para cor de chips e para a composição dos teores de matéria seca, açúcares redutores, amido e amilose. Maior intensidade de seleção pode ser aplicada para os teores de matéria seca e amido, em virtude da menor influência do ambiente na expressão desses caracteres. Para os teores de açúcares redutores e amilose, os ganhos na primavera, verão e outono não são correlacionados e, portanto, menor intensidade de seleção deve ser aplicada. O cultivo de verão maximiza os ganhos genéticos e, portanto, a seleção para qualidade de processamento deve ser iniciada nesse ambiente.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic gain for processing quality of potato tubers in different growing conditions of the southern region of Brazil. Experiments were carried out during summer of São Joaquim, Santa Catarina State, and spring and autumn conditions of Julio de Castilhos, Rio Grande do Sul State, representative of the growing conditions of the southern region of Brazil. Eighteen clones were evaluated for chip color and content of dry matter, reduced sugars, starch and amylose. Higher gain from selection was achieved for dry matter and starch content, because of the high inheritance of these traits. There was no correlation among summer, autumn and spring growing conditions for reduced sugars and amylose content; therefore low selection intensity should be applied. Summer growing season maximizes the genetic gain; therefore selection for processing quality should be mainly applied in this environmental condition.

Dentre os resíduos industriais, um dos mais preocupantes é o do setor têxtil, por apresentar forte coloração e toxicidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar o comportamento de degradação e mineralização de efluentes têxteis reais através de processos oxidativos avançados utilizando TiO2 ou associação de TiO2/H2O2, e monitorar a toxicidade dos produtos formados em relação ao efluente bruto durante 6 h de irradiação. Os resultados demonstraram que a associação TiO2/H2O2 é mais eficiente na mineralização destes resíduos alcançando taxas representativas de redução de matéria orgânica (representada pela coloração, DQO e COT) e, ainda, altas concentrações de íons mineralizados (NH4+, NO3" e SO4(2")). Em relação à toxicidade apresentada pelos produtos formados durante a degradação perante as sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa) os dados sugerem que não foi apresentada toxicidade considerável, uma vez que não houve redução significativa da porcentagem de germinação nem influência na porcentagem de crescimento das raízes e radículas, contudo, a associação TiO2/H2O2 apresenta maior toxicidade nas primeiras horas de irradiação e posterior redução da mesma ao final de seis horas, enquanto que o TiO2 somente aumenta um pouco sua toxicidade no final dos experimentos. Porém, comparados ao efluente bruto, ambos apresentaram redução de toxicidade, ou seja, os produtos fotogerados apresentam-se menos tóxicos que o efluente inicial.

Textile industry wastes raise a great concern due to their strong coloration and toxicity. The objective of the present work was to characterize the degradation and mineralization of textile effluents by advanced oxidative processes using either TiO2 or TiO2/H2O2 association and to monitor the toxicity of the products formed during 6 h irradiation in relation to that of the in natura effluent. The results obtained demonstrated that the TiO2/H2O2 association was more efficient in the mineralization of textile effluents than TiO2 alone, with high mineralized ion concentrations (NH4+, NO3-, and SO4(2-)) and significant organic matter reduction rates (represented by the COD and TOC). The toxicity of the degradation products to lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa) was not significant, since percent germination was not significantly affected and neither was root and sprout percent growth. However, while the TiO2/H2O2 association was more toxic in the first hours of irradiation and less so in the end of the 6 h irradiation, the toxicity of TiO2 increased only slightly in the end of the experiments. Comparatively, the photogenerated products of both the TiO2 and the TiO2/H2O2 association were less toxic than the in natura effluent.

Esta pesquisa visou estudar o crescimento de plantas de manjericão e o efeito de cortes sucessivos sobre a produção e qualidade do óleo essencial ao longo do ciclo. Observou-se aumento na massa seca da parte aérea e na produção de óleo essencial ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. O cultivo do manjericão submetido a cortes sucessivos pode aumentar a produção do óleo em cada colheita.

This work studied the growth of basil plants and the effect of successive cuts on the total yield and quality of the essential oil, throughout the crop cycle. Steady increases were observed in the dry weight of the aerial part and in the essential oil yield, during the cultivation cycle. Intensive cultivation and successive cuts could improve the agronomical and industrial yield in each harvest.

The goal of this study was to investigate the pattern of inflammatory response induced by Lagochilascaris minor in murine experimental model. For this purpose 115 mice were given 1000-3000 L. minor infective eggs "per os" and 51 uninfected mice were considered as controls. Four hours post-inoculation (PI), 3rd stage larvae were seen passing through the mucosa of terminal ends of small intestine. Six hours PI larvae were observed as an embolus inside the portal vein and also migrating through the liver parenchyma. During the first 24 h larvae-containing eggs of L. minor were observed in the lumen of intestinal tract. Two days PI larvae were seen migrating through lung parenchyma associated with an initial neutrophilic perivasculitis. From the 13th day of this experimental study, L. minor larvae were found mainly in skeletal muscles, in the center of granulomas. Concentric fibrosis with mixed inflammatory infiltrate involved the larvae after the 47th day PI, persistently. This experimental murine study with L. minor indicated that the 3rd stage larvae penetrated via ileum-cecal mucosa reaching the liver and probably other tissues through the hematogenic via. Throughout its pathway the larvae induced a granulomatous reaction, with abundant polimorphonuclear cells.