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Abstract This study evaluated the bioactive potential of a macro-porous chitosan scaffold incorporated with calcium hydroxide (CH-Ca) and functionalized with bioactive doses of simvastatin (SV) for bone tissue regeneration. Initially, the bioactive dose of SV in osteoblastic cells (SAOS-2) was determined. For the direct contact experiment, SAOS-2 cells were plated on scaffolds to assess cell viability and osteogenic differentiation. The second assay was performed at a distance using extracts from scaffolds incubated in culture medium to assess the effect of conditioned medium on viability and osteogenic differentiation. The initial screening showed that 1 μM SV presented the best biostimulating effects, and this dose was selected for incorporation into the CH-Ca and pure chitosan (CH) scaffolds. The cells remained viable throughout the direct contact experiment, with the greatest cell density in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV scaffolds because of their higher porosity. The CH-Ca-SV scaffold showed the most intense bio-stimulating effect in assays in the presence and absence of osteogenic medium, leading to an increased deposition of mineralized matrix. There was an increase in the viability of cells exposed to the extracts for CH-Ca, CH-SV, and CH-Ca-SV during the one-day period. There was an increase in ALP activity in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV; however, the CH-Ca-SV scaffold resulted in an intense increase in the deposition of mineralized nodules, approximately 56.4% at 7 days and 117% at 14 days, compared with CH (control). In conclusion, functionalization of the CH-Ca scaffold with SV promoted an increase in bioactivity, presenting a promising option for bone tissue regeneration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0018

Primary infection of BALB/c mice with a dengue virus type 4 strain leads to kidney injury
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Rasinhas, Arthur da Costa

; Jácome, Fernanda Cunha

; Caldas, Gabriela Cardoso

; de Almeida, Ana Luisa Teixeira

; de Souza, Daniel Dias Coutinho

; dos Santos, João Paulo Rodrigues

; Dias, Helver Gonçalves

; Araujo, Eduarda Lima

; Mohana-Borges, Ronaldo

; Barth, Ortrud Monika

; dos Santos, Flavia Barreto

; Barreto-Vieira, Debora Ferreira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e220255

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV-1 through -4). Among the four serotypes, DENV-4 remains the least studied. Acute kidney injury is a potential complication of dengue generally associated with severe dengue infection. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to investigate the alterations caused by experimental dengue infection in the kidney of adult BALB/c mice. METHODS In this study, BALB/c mice were infected through the intravenous route with a DENV-4 strain, isolated from a human patient. The kidneys of the mice were procured and subject to histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. FINDINGS The presence of the viral antigen was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. Analysis of tissue sections revealed the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate throughout the parenchyma. Glomerular enlargement was a common find. Necrosis of tubular cells and haemorrhage were also observed. Analysis of the kidney on a transmission electron microscope allowed a closer look into the necrotic tubular cells, which presented nuclei with condensed chromatin, and loss of cytoplasm. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Even though the kidney is probably not a primary target of dengue infection in mice, the inoculation of the virus in the blood appears to damage the renal tissue through local inflammation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220255

Pulp chamber temperature rise in light-cure bonding of brackets with and without primer, in intact versus restored teeth
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SCHMITZ, Gabriela Cenci

; HENKIN, Fernanda de Souza

; MEZOMO, Mauricio

; MARQUEZAN, Mariana

; BONACINA, Gabriela

; GOMES, Maximiliano Schünke

; LIMA, Eduardo Martinelli Santayana de

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics

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2023, Volume 28 N. 2 elocation e2321167

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the pulp chamber temperature rise (PCTR) in light-cure bonding of brackets with and without primer, in intact and restored mandibular central incisors (M1), maxillary first premolars (Mx4), and mandibular third molars (M8). Material and Methods: Ninety human teeth were included: M1 (n=30), Mx4 (n=30), and M8 (n=30). Light-cure bonding of brackets was performed in intact (n=60) and restored (n=30) teeth, with primer (n=60) or without (n=30) primer. PCTR was defined as the difference between initial (T0) and peak temperatures (T1), recorded with a thermocouple during light-cure bonding. Differences on PCTR between bonding techniques (primer vs. no primer), teeth types (M1 vs. Mx4 vs. M8), and teeth condition (intact vs. restored) were estimated by ANCOVA, with α=5%. Results: PCTR was significantly higher with the use of primer (2.05 ± 0.08oC) than without primer (1.65 ± 0.14oC) (p=0.02), and in M1 (2.23 ± 0.22oC) compared to Mx4 (1.56 ± 0.14oC) (p<0.01). There was no difference in the PCTR in M8 (1.77 ± 0.28oC) compared to M1 or Mx4 (p>0.05), and no difference between intact (1.78 ± 0.14oC) and restored (1.92 ± 0.08oC) teeth (p=0.38). There was no influence of dentin enamel thickness in the PCTR (p=0.19). Conclusion: PCTR was higher in light-cure bonding of brackets with primer, especially in M1. Light-cure bonding seems less invasive without primer.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o aumento na temperatura da câmara pulpar (ATCP) na colagem de braquetes com fotoativação usando ou não primer, em dentes hígidos versus dentes restaurados, em incisivos centrais inferiores (ICI), primeiros pré-molares superiores (1PMS) e terceiros molares inferiores (3MI). Métodos: Foram incluídos noventa dentes humanos: ICI (n=30), 1PMS (n=30) e 3MI (n=30). A colagem de braquetes com fotoativação foi realizada em dentes hígidos (n=60) ou dentes restaurados (n=30), com primer (n=60) ou sem (n=30) primer. O ATCP foi definido como a diferença entre as temperaturas inicial (T0) e máxima (T1) registradas com um termômetro durante a colagem com fotoativação. As diferenças no ATCP entre as técnicas de colagem (com primer vs. sem primer), diferentes dentes (ICIvs.1PMSvs.3MI) e condição dos dentes (hígidos vs. restaurados) foram estimadas por ANCOVA, com α=5%. Resultados: O ATCP foi significativamente maior com o uso de primer (2,05 ± 0,08oC) do que sem primer (1,65 ± 0,14oC) (p=0,02), e no ICI (2,23 ± 0,22oC) do que no 1PMS (1,56 ± 0,14oC) (p<0,01). Não houve diferença no ATCP do 3MI (1,77 ± 0,28oC) em comparação com ICI ou 1PMS (p>0,05), e não houve diferença entre dentes hígidos (1,78 ± 0,14oC) e restaurados (1,92 ± 0,08oC) (p=0,38). Não houve influência da espessura da dentina e do esmalte no ATCP (p=0,19). Conclusão: O ATCP foi maior na colagem de braquetes com fotoativação usando primer, principalmente no ICI. A colagem com fotoativação parece ser menos invasiva sem primer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.2.e2321167.oar

Assessment of websites on cleft lip and palate in Brazilian Portuguese
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Corrêa, Camila de Castro

; Lobo, Fernanda Souza

; Benito, Ana Luiza Vieira

; Silva, Maria Clara Luciano

; Pirola-Picinato, Melissa

; Maximino, Luciana Paula

; Cavalheiro, Maria Gabriela

Revista CEFAC

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2023, Volume 25 N. 4 elocation e1723

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: this study aimed at assessing the legibility, reliability, usability and coverage of websites on cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in Brazilian Portuguese and providing a global comparison. Methods: in order to evaluate the obtained data, four protocols were used, i.e., the Website Coverage Protocol, the legibility (by means of the COH METRIX PORT), the reliability (Discern Protocol), and the usability (by means of the System Usability Scale). Results: 98 websites were included with average legibility scoring of 31.6±11.7, rated as a hard readability level. Coverage average scoring was 19.9±3.79 from a total of 35 points. As for reliability, average scoring was 43.2±6.51 points, rated as acceptable. The usability scoring was 24.8±2.18 points, rated as the worst imaginable one. Conclusion: therefore, the assessed Brazilian websites on CL/P were rated difficult for legibility, requiring high-school level of education, restricted coverage and acceptable reliability, in addition to the low usability. The results were similar to those of websites from other countries, except for the legibility aspect, which was lower for Brazilian websites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20232541723

Coxsackievirus A6 strains causing an outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Northeastern Brazil in 2018
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Luchs, Adriana

; Azevedo, Lais Sampaio de

; Souza, Ellen Viana de

; Medeiros, Roberta Salzone

; Souza, Yasmin França Viana Pires de

; Teixeira, Dalane Loudal Florentino

; Carneiro, Thiago Franco de Oliveira

; Alencar, Gabriela Maria Fernandes de

; Morais, Fernanda Lúcia de Sousa Leite

; Pinto, Diana de Fátima Alves

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Yamamoto, Lidia

; Morais, Vanessa dos Santos

; Araújo, Emerson Luiz Lima

; Leal, Elcio

; Costa, Antonio Charlys da

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e16

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral disease commonly associated to Enteroviruses (EV). During 2018, Brazil faced massive HFMD outbreaks spread across the country. This study aimed to characterize the EV responsible for the HFMD outbreak that occurred in Paraiba State, Brazilian Northeastern region, in 2018, followed by a phylogenetic analysis to detail information on its genetic diversity. A total of 49 serum samples (one from each patient) collected from children ≤ 15 years old, clinically diagnosed with HFMD were tested for EV using conventional RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. EV infection was confirmed in 71.4% (35/49) of samples. The mean and median ages were 1.83 years and one year old, respectively. Twenty-two EV-positive samples were successfully sequenced and classified as EV-A species; 13 samples were also identified with the CV-A6 genotype. The phylogenetic analysis (VP1 region) of three samples revealed that the detected CV-A6 strains belonged to sub-lineage D3. The CV-A6 strains detected here clustered with strains from South America, Europe and West Asia strains that were also involved in HFMD cases during the 2017-2018 seasons, in addition to the previously detected Brazilian CV-A6 strains from 2012 to 2017, suggesting a global co-circulation of a set of different CV-A6 strains introduced in the country at different times. The growing circulation of the emerging CV-A6 associated with HFMD, together with the detection of more severe cases worldwide, suggests the need for a more intense surveillance system of HFMD in Brazil. In addition, this investigation was performed exclusively on serum samples, and the analysis of whole blood samples should be considered and could have shown advantages when employed in the diagnosis of enteroviral HFMD outbreaks.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264016

Causes of dormancy in Ilex paraguariensis pyrenes
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Souza, Anieli Cioato de

; Oliveira, Luciana Magda de

; Bagatini, Katiane Paula

; Souza, Gabriela Fernanda

; Liesch, Patricia Paloma

; Schmidt, Sharline Schossler

; Puchale, Louise Zago

Rodriguésia

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2022, Volume 73 elocation e01942020

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Pirênios de Ilex parguariensis, popularmente conhecida como erva-mate, foram classificados como dormentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as causas da dormência dos pirênios de Ilex paraguariensis. Para isso, foram realizados os seguintes testes: a) Dormência física: taxa de absorção em água e em azul de metileno; detecção de lignina e compostos lipofílicos no endocarpo e tegumento; b) Dormência fisiológica: bioensaios em sementes de alface, detecção e quantificação de compostos fenólicos; c) Dormência morfológica: análise embrionária. Para a taxa de absorção, observou-se um aumento na massa dos pirênios, porém, quando a embebição foi realizada em azul de metileno, a absorção ocorreu apenas no endocarpo. A lignina também foi observada na forma de uma camada de esclerênquima próxima ao tegumento da semente. Semelhantemente compostos lipofílicos foram observados em uma camada externa ao endosperma. Os bioensaios com sementes de alface indicaram a presença de inibidores químicos. Na avaliação morfológica dos pirênios, apenas 55,5% dos embriões foram visualizados e estavam nos estágios globular ou coração. Pirênios de Ilex paraguariensis possuem dormência combinada: física (não há absorção de água), morfológica (devido ao subdesenvolvimento do embrião) e há evidências de dormência fisiológica (presença de inibidores); Contudo, recomenda-se investigar os agentes inibidores.

Abstract Ilex parguariensis pyrenes, popularly known as “yerba mate”, were classified as dormant. This study aim to investigated the causes of dormancy in Ilex paraguariensis’ pyrenes. Hence, the following tests were performed: a) Physical dormancy: rate of absorption in water and methylene blue; detection of lignin and lipophilic compounds in the endocarp and integument; b) Physiological dormancy: bioassays in lettuce seeds, detection, and quantification of phenolic compounds; c) Morphological dormancy: embryo analysis. For the absorption rate, an increase was observed in the mass of the pyrenes, however, when imbibition was performed in methylene blue, absorption only occurred in the endocarp. Lignin was also observed in the form of a sclerenchyma layer next to the seed coat. Similarly, lipophilic compounds were observed in a layer, external to the endosperm. The bioassays with lettuce seeds indicated the presence of chemical inhibitors. In the morphological evaluation of the pyrenes, only 55.5% of the embryos were visualized and they were in the globular or heart stages. Ilex paraguariensis pyrenes have combined dormancy: physical (not water absorption), morphological (due to the underdeveloped embryo), and there are shreds of evidence about physiological dormancy (presence of inhibitors); however, it is recommended to investigate the inhibitory agent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273036

SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus infections: are there differences in clinical presentation, laboratory abnormalities, and outcomes in the pediatric population?
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Pereira, Maria Fernanda Bádue

; Suguita, Priscila

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima

; Paula, Camila Sanson Yoshino de

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Bedê, Pedro Vale

; Framil, Juliana Valeria de Souza

; Bueno, Catarina

; Branas, Priscila Cristina Abduch Adas

; Guimarães, Irina Monteiro da Costa

; Leite, Marcia Marques

; Navega, Ana Carolina Barsaglini

; Nanbu, Danilo Yamamoto

; Schvartsman, Claudio

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Silva, Clovis Artur Almeida

; Marques, Heloisa Helena de Sousa

; Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik

; Rossi Jr, Alfio

; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Gibelli, Maria Augusta Cicaroni

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Sakita, Neusa Keico

; Santos, Emilly Henrique dos

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e34

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aims to assess COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses in pediatric patients. Between April 17 and September 30, 2020, we collected 1,566 respiratory samples from 1,044 symptomatic patients who were younger than 18 years old to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of these, 919 were analyzed for other respiratory pathogens (ORP). Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 or ORP were included. We evaluated 76 pediatric COVID-19 infections and 157 other respiratory virus infections. Rhinovirus occurred in 132/157 (84%). COVID-19 patients who were significantly older, had more fevers, headaches and pneumonia than those with ORP. The median white blood cell count was lower in patients with SARS-CoV-2 than in those with ORP (6,470 versus 8,170; p=0.02). COVID-19 patients had significantly worse symptoms than those with ORP.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264034

Whey butter: a promising perspective for the dairy industry
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Costa, Manuela Araujo

; Kuhn, Daniel

; Rama, Gabriela Rabaioli

; Lehn, Daniel Neutzling

; Souza, Claucia Fernanda Volken de

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e2021088

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Cheese whey is the main by-product obtained in the production of cheese. Despite its high nutritional value, approximately half of the whey volume generated is still disposed incorrectly, which causes damage to the ecosystem due to the high cheese whey pollutant load. Therefore, it is important to use this by-product and its components in an increasing number of applications, especially as food ingredient. This review aimed to show the technology of production of butter from whey cream, as well as showing the physico-chemical, sensory, and nutritional characteristics of the product. There were no significant variations in the physico-chemical composition of milk cream butter and whey cream butter in the literature available. As the technology to produce whey butter is quite simple, this by-product has potential to be exploited by the dairy industry. Additionally, further studies on production process, characterization, and sensory analysis are required to enable its large-scale production.

Resumo O soro de queijo é o principal coproduto obtido durante o processo de fabricação de queijos. Apesar de possuir um valor nutricional elevado, cerca da metade do volume de soro gerado ainda é descartada de forma incorreta, constituindo-se uma prática prejudicial para o ecossistema devido à enorme carga poluente do soro de queijo. Dessa forma, é importante a utilização desse coproduto e de seus componentes em um número maior de aplicações, especialmente como ingrediente alimentício. O objetivo deste artigo de revisão é apresentar a tecnologia para produção da manteiga a partir do reúso do creme de soro de queijo, demonstrando as características físico-químicas, sensoriais e nutricionais do produto, e apontando as alternativas e possíveis utilizações para os principais componentes do soro. Na comparação entre a manteiga de creme de leite e a manteiga de creme de soro, na literatura disponível, os resultados não apresentam variações significativas em relação à sua composição físico-química. Dada a simplicidade da tecnologia de produção, a manteiga de soro possui potencial para ser explorada pelas indústrias lácteas. Além disso, mais estudos sobre o processo de fabricação, caracterização e análise sensorial são necessários para viabilizar sua produção em maior escala.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.08821

Making a fresh cheese using the colostrum surplus of dairy farms: an alternative aiming to minimize the waste of this raw material
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Simon, Renate

; Gennari, Adriano

; Kuhn, Daniel

; Rama, Gabriela Rabaioli

; Souza, Claucia Fernanda Volken de

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e2021125

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study aimed to make and characterize a fresh cheese using the surplus of bovine colostrum from dairy farms. The bovine colostrum was characterized in terms of fat (4.00%), protein (16.30%), moisture (79.68%), ash (0.95%), minerals, pH (6.32), titratable acidity (0.27 g/100 mL), immunoglobulin G (>50 g/L), lactose (1.60%), color, and the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The fresh cheese made with colostrum was characterized in the same terms as the bovine colostrum (fat (7.00%), protein (22.95%), moisture (67.98%), ash (1.85%), minerals, pH (6.15), titratable acidity (0.04 g/100 mL), immunoglobulin G (30.95 g/L), lactose (not detectable), color, and the presence of pathogenic bacteria), with the addition of the texture and sensory analysis. The colostrum cheese had high moisture content (67.98%) and low-fat content (7.00%). The protein content was also high (22.95%), whose major percentage was composed by immunoglobulins. An important finding in this work was associated with the possible absence of lactose in the colostrum cheese, thus opening opportunities for future research regarding the development of dairy products for lactose intolerant consumers. In addition, the high concentration of immunoglobulin G might give this product an immune boost feature. The sensorial analysis showed that the recipe of the fresh cheese requires improvement to achieve higher acceptance from the public, especially regarding texture.

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração e caracterização de um queijo fresco a partir do excedente de colostro bovino de fazendas leiteiras. O colostro foi caracterizado quanto aos teores de gordura (4,00%), proteínas (16,30%), umidade (79,68%), cinzas (0,95%), minerais, pH (6,32), acidez titulável (0,27 g/100 mL), imunoglobulina G (>50 g/L), lactose (1,60%), cor e presença de bactérias patogênicas. O queijo fresco elaborado com colostro foi submetido às mesmas caracterizações do colostro: gordura (7,00%), proteínas (22,95%), umidade (67,98%), cinzas (1,85%), minerais, pH (6,15), acidez titulável (0,04 g/100 mL), imunoglobulina G (30,95 g/L), lactose (não detectável), cor e presença de bactérias patogênicas, além da avaliação dos parâmetros de textura e da análise sensorial. O queijo fresco elaborado com colostro apresentou alto teor de umidade (67,98%) e baixo teor de gordura (7,00%). A porcentagem de proteína foi elevada (22,95%), sendo grande parte composta por imunoglobulinas. O teor de lactose do queijo fresco elaborado com colostro foi muito baixo para ser quantificado, indicando a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de novos produtos lácteos a partir de colostro para consumidores intolerantes à lactose. Além disso, o queijo apresentou elevada concentração de imunoglobulina G, que pode conferir a esse produto a propriedade de reforço imunológico. A análise sensorial mostrou que o processo de elaboração do queijo fresco com colostro deve ser aprimorado para aumentar a aceitação dos consumidores, principalmente no que se refere à textura.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.12521

10.

Frenectomia labial superior na dentição mista associada a diastema interincisivo: relato de caso
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Santana, Ariane Carvalho Moreira

; Humildes, Fernanda Saldanha da Silva dos

; Cabral, Ana Maria Souza Gomes

; Gutierrez, Gabriela Mancia de

; Fontes, Vanessa Tavares da Silva

Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial

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dec 2021, Volume 62 N. 4 Pages 254 - 259

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O freio labial superior, frequentemente, pode apresentar alteração em sua estrutura e forma, causando um diastema interincisivo, além de problemas quanto à higienização, fonação e recessão gengival. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o caso clínico de uma paciente na fase infantil, com dentição mista e leve diastema interincisivo devido à posição do freio, a quem foi indicada e realizada a frenectomia labial superior. Paciente de 8 anos de idade, sexo feminino, saudável, com presença de freio labial superior fibroso, de inserção baixa, que produzia isquemia ao ser tracionado, apresentava espaço interincisal, além de histórico hereditário de diastema. Foi realizada frenectomia, através da técnica de Archer modificada, a qual foi indicada em momento oportuno neste caso, uma vez que a paciente apresentava o freio labial superior com inserção baixa, diastema interincisivo, bem como havia histórica familiar desta alteração.

Abstract Often, the upper labial frenum can exhibit changes in its structure and shape that cause a midline diastema, in addition to problems with hygiene, phonation, and gingival recession. This paper aims to present the clinical case of an 8-year-old healthy female patient with mixed dentition and a slight interincisal diastema due to the position of the frenum who was indicated to upper lip frenectomy. She had a hereditary history of diastema and presented with an interincisal space and a fibrous upper labial frenum of low attachment that produced ischemia during traction. Frenectomy was performed using the modified Archer technique, which was indicated timely since the patient had the upper labial frenum with low attachment, an interincisal diastema, and a family history of this alteration.

https://doi.org/10.24873/j.rpemd.2021.12.854 64 downloads

11.

Ricotta whey supplemented with gelatin and collagen for the encapsulation of probiotic lactic acid bacteria
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RAMA, Gabriela Rabaioli

; DULLIUS, Daniela

; AGNOL, Wendell Dall

; ESQUERDO, Vanessa Mendonça

; LEHN, Daniel Neutzling

; SOUZA, Claucia Fernanda Volken de

Food Science and Technology

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sep 2021, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 576 - 586

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the viability of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5)® and Bifidobacterium lactis (BB-12)® encapsulation using spray drying (SD) with ricotta whey supplemented with gelatin and hydrolyzed collagen as encapsulating material. Following previous experiments, these gelatin:collagen ratios were defined: 7:3 (gelatin:collagen) for L. acidophilus LA-5 and 9:1 for B. lactis BB-12, which had reduced bacterial counts of 0.46 and 1.26 log Colony-Forming Units (CFU)/g, respectively. There was a viability loss of 0.70 log CFU/g and 0.34 log CFU/g for LA-5 and BB-12, respectively, throughout storage (30 days, 25 ºC). When exposed to the simulated gastric juice, encapsulated LA-5 and BB-12 had higher survival rates (89.91 and 95.83%, respectively) than non-encapsulated microorganisms under the same conditions (54.78 and 57.27%, respectively). In the presence of bile salts, encapsulated LA-5 and BB-12 had survival of 77.44% and 51.05%, respectively, while free cells showed rates of over 99%. After 30 days, these rates decreased to 71.07 and 50.60%, for encapsulated LA-5 and BB-12, respectively. Therefore, ricotta whey associated to gelatin and hydrolyzed collagen can be considered a potential encapsulating agent for the SD of probiotic dairy bacteria.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.19720 209 downloads

12.

Idade Avançada Reduz a Tipicidade da Apresentação Clínica em Pacientes Com Dor Torácica Aguda Relacionada a Doença Coronária Obstrutiva?
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Filgueiras, Pedro Henrique Correia

; Cerqueira Junior, Antônio Maurício

; Bagano, Gabriela Oliveira

; Correia, Vitor Calixto de Almeida

; Lopes, Fernanda Oliveira de Andrade

; Souza, Thiago Menezes Barbosa de

; Fonseca, Leticia Lara

; Kertzman, Lara Queiroz

; Lacerda, Yasmin Falcon

; Rabelo, Marcia Noya

; Correia, Luis Claudio Lemos

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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jun 2021, Volume 116 N. 6 Pages 1039 - 1045

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento De acordo com o pensamento diagnóstico tradicional, indivíduos muito idosos estão mais predispostos a desenvolver sintomas atípicos em síndromes coronarianas agudas. Objetivo Testar a hipótese de que indivíduos muito idosos estão mais predispostos a manifestações de dor torácica atípica devido à doença arterial coronariana obstrutiva (DAC). Métodos O Registro de dor torácica inclui pacientes internados com dor torácica aguda. Primeiramente, foi construído o índice de tipicidade dessa manifestação clínica: a soma de 12 características de sintomas (8 sintomas típicos e 4 sintomas atípicos). No subgrupo de pacientes com etiologia coronariana, o índice de tipicidade foi comparado entre octogenários e não octogenários. A significância estatística foi definida por p<0,05. Resultados 958 pacientes foram incluídos no registro, sendo que 486 (51%) tinham etiologia supostamente coronariana. Nesse grupo, 59 (12%) octogenários (idade 84±3,5; 50% homens) foram comparados a 427 pacientes com idade <80 (60±12 anos; 71% homens). O índice de tipicidade em octogenários foi 3,42±1,92, que é semelhante ao de não octogenários (3,44±1,74; p=0,092 na análise univariada e p=0,80 após ajuste para sexo pela análise de variância — ANOVA). Também não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quando a amostra foi dividida em idade mediana (62 anos; 3,41±1,77 vs. 3,49 ± 1,77; p=0,61). Não houve associação linear estatisticamente significativa entre idade e índice de tipicidade (r=- 0,05; p=0,24). A análise de regressão logística para predição de DAC na amostra geral de 958 pacientes não mostrou interação do índice de tipicidade com a idade numérica (p=0,94), octogenários (p=0,22) ou idade acima da mediana (p=0,74). Conclusão Em pacientes com dor torácica aguda de etiologia coronariana, a idade avançada não influencia o quadro clínico típico.

Abstract Background According to traditional diagnosis thinking, very elderly individuals are more predisposed to develop atypical symptoms in acute coronary syndromes. Objective To test the hypothesis that very elderly individuals are more predisposed to atypical chest pain manifestations due to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods The Registry of Thoracic Pain includes patients admitted with acute chest pain. Firstly, the typicality index of this clinical manifestation was constructed: the sum of 12 symptom characteristics (8 typical and 4 atypical symptoms). In the subgroup of patients with coronary etiology, the typicality index was compared between octogenarian and non-octogenarian individuals. Statistical significance was defined by p<0.05. Results 958 patients were included in the registry, and 486 (51%) had a supposedly coronary etiology. In this group, 59 (12%) octogenarians (age 84±3.5, 50% men) were compared to 427 patients aged <80 (60±12 years, 71% men). The typicality index in octogenarians was 3.42±1.92, which is similar to that of non-octogenarians (3.44±1.74; p=0.92 in univariate analysis and p=0.80 after adjustment for sex by analysis of variance — ANOVA). There was also no statistically significant difference when the sample was divided into median age (62 years; 3.41±1.77 vs. 3.49 ± 1.77; p=0.61). There was no statistically significant linear association between age and typicality index (r=- 0.05; p=0.24). Logistic regression analysis for prediction of CAD in the general sample of 958 patients showed no interaction of typicality index with numeric age (p=0.94), octogenarians (p=0.22) or age above median (p=0.74). Conclusion In patients with acute chest pain of coronary etiology, advanced age does not influence the typical clinical presentation.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190089 197 downloads

13.

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970

14.

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970 43 downloads

15.

Challenges in diagnosis of genital ulcers: a genital leishmaniasis case series
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Souza, Marina Dias de

; Falqueto, Aloísio

; Morais, Gabriela Lopes de

; Salomão, Amanda da Silva

; Pereira, Fernanda Daher

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e0772-2020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Leishmaniasis is a tropical infectious disease caused by Leishmania spp. protozoa and is transmitted by insects from the Phlebotominae subfamily. It can manifest as cutaneous leishmaniasis, a painless ulcer that can develop into a more serious systemic affliction as the protozoa spreads lymphatically or hematogenously, depending on the host's immunity. In this case series, the authors present a rare form of genital mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, with consideration of epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatments offered.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0772-2020 253 downloads

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