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ABSTRACT Diets with high energy density and additives that enhance energy use are necessary for finishing feedlot cattle. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance, ingestive behavior, apparent digestibility of the diet and the carcass traits of feedlot steers fed concentrates from different energy sources, one derived from starchy sources and the other, from lipid sources, combined or not with whole soy lecithin, at a dose of 40 g animal day-1. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The combination of whole soy lecithin with the lipid energy source concentrate increased the dry matter digestibility and the carcass yield of the animals (76.03% and 57.20%, respectively). The lipid energy source concentrate showed higher ether extract digestibility and animals fed on it had higher carcass yield (84.18% and 56.85%, respectively). Whole soy lecithin promoted a reduction in fecal pH due to a greater fermentation of carbohydrates and fatty acids in the intestinal lumen. Using whole soy lecithin combined with energy concentrate from a lipid source is recommended due to its improvements in the use of the diet and in the carcass yield.

RESUMO O uso de dietas com alta densidade energética e aditivos que potencializem o aproveitamento energético se faz necessário na terminação de bovinos em confinamento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho, o comportamento ingestivo, a digestibilidade aparente da dieta e as características de carcaça de novilhos confinados, alimentados com concentrados de diferentes fontes energéticas, um derivado de fontes amiláceas e outro de fontes lipídicas, associados ou não com lecitina integral de soja, na dose de 40g animal dia-1. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2. A associação da lecitina integral de soja com o concentrado de fonte energética lipídica melhorou a digestibilidade da matéria seca e o rendimento de carcaça dos animais (76,03% e 57,20%, respectivamente). O concentrado de fonte energética lipídica teve maior digestibilidade do extrato etéreo, e os animais alimentados com este possuíram maior rendimento de carcaça (84,18% e 56,85%, respectivamente). A lecitina integral de soja isolada promoveu redução no pH fecal em virtude de uma maior fermentação de carboidratos e ácidos graxos no lúmen intestinal. Utilizar lecitina integral de soja associada com concentrado energético de fonte lipídica é recomendado devido a suas melhorias no aproveitamento da dieta e no rendimento de carcaça.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12891

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Deep sea ecosystem exploration and ‘health check’: sampling strategy and methods applied during the iAtlantic_BR10_Petrobras cruise in the Santos Basin, Southwest Atlantic
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Perez, Jose Angel A.

; Barros Neto, Halésio M.C. de

; Arantes, Renata C.M.

; Gaurisas, Daniela Y.

; Silva, Camila F.

; Alves, Fernanda Maria M.

; Costa, Júlia A.

; Eloi, Paula D.C.

; Fonseca, Thayse S.

; Gavazzoni, Lucas

; Lonskis, Isabella da S.

; Nardi, Ricardo U.

; Nascimento, Pedro O.

; Rodrigues, João Vitor M.

; Santos, Ana Lara F. dos

; Santos, Edson C. dos

; Schroeder, Rafael

; Silva, Luis Carlos da

; Souza, Fernanda dos S.S. de

; Bernardino, Ângelo F.

; Cavalcanti, Guarani H.

; Lindner, Alberto

; Mahiques, Michel M. de

; Millo, Christian

; Reis, Priscila

; Sweetman, Andrew K.

; Roberts, J. Murray

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23046

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The iAtlantic Project has established an international collaborative strategy to improve mapping and characterization of deep and open ocean ecosystems in understudied regions of the Atlantic and evaluate their health. In December 2022, the first iAtlantic expedition in the South Atlantic set off to map and explore seafloor ecosystems in the Santos Basin slope (200-1,000 m depths) in collaboration with the Petrobras ‘Santos Basin - Regional Characterization Project.’ The 17-day ‘iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras’ cruise was conducted on board the research vessel NPqHOc Vital de Oliveira (Brazilian Navy) and performed (a) water column structure characterization, (b) seafloor morphology mapping, (c) description of benthic habitats and communities by seafloor imagery and biological/ geological sampling, and (d) ex-situ experiments to assess the functioning of sedimentary ecosystems and their responses to climate-related environmental changes. This study describes the rationale behind the iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras cruise science plan, reports its sampling strategy and methods, and summarizes its collected data and preliminary results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23069jaap

Evaluation of biochemical and electrolytic components of semen from ram supplemented with different concentrations of selenium and its correlation with sperm quality
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Silva, D.C.

; Codognoto, V.M.

; Piagentini, M.

; Dantas, A.

; Sousa, G.C.

; Silva, L.S.

; Souza, E.R.

; Almeida Filho, R.A.

; Denadai, R.

; Oba, E.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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dec 2022, Volume 74 N. 6 Pages 1065 - 1071

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar se a suplementação com diferentes níveis de selênio (Se) pode alterar os componentes bioquímicos e eletrolíticos do sêmen, ocasionando, por conseguinte, uma melhoria na qualidade seminal em carneiros. Foram utilizados 30 animais, mantidos em sistema intensivo de baias, alimentados com feno e ração comercial, sendo alocados em cinco grupos (seis animais/baia) e suplementados com uma mistura mineral contendo 0mg (G1), 5mg (G2), 10mg (G3), 15mg (G4) e 20mg (G5) de Se/kg. Cada grupo recebeu um tratamento diferente a cada 56 dias, e foi realizado um rodízio de tratamentos entre os grupos seguindo uma sequência dinâmica. Amostras de sêmen foram colhidas por eletroejaculação após o fim de cada tratamento, a fim de se avaliarem os níveis de frutose, ácido cítrico, potássio (K), sódio (Na), cálcio (Ca), Se, zinco (Zn), manganês (Mn), enxofre (S) e chumbo (Pb). O desenho estatístico foi um quadrado latino 5x5. Os diferentes níveis de suplementação de Se avaliados mantiveram as concentrações de eletrólitos e de minerais do sêmen nos níveis exigidos e não modificaram a qualidade espermática, concluindo-se que maiores ingestões de Se não causam efeitos antagônicos na absorção e subsequente ação de outros minerais essenciais fornecidos aos animais e ainda mantêm o equilíbrio eletrolítico.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to evaluate whether supplementation with different levels of selenium (Se) can change the biochemical and electrolytic components of semen, causing an improvement in seminal quality in rams. Thirty animals were kept in an intensive pen system, fed with hay and commercial ration, allocated into five groups (six animals/pen) and supplemented with a mineral mixture containing 0mg (G1), 5mg (G2), 10mg (G3), 15mg (G4) and 20mg (G5) of Se/kg. Each group received a different treatment every 56 days and treatments were rotated between groups following a dynamic sequence. Semen samples were collected by electroejaculation after the end of each treatment to evaluate the levels of fructose, citric acid, potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), Se, zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), sulfur (S) and lead (Pb). The statistical design was a 5x5 Latin square. The different levels of Se supplementation evaluated maintained the concentrations of electrolytes and minerals in the semen at the required levels and did not change the sperm quality, concluding that higher intakes of Se do not cause antagonistic effects on the absorption and subsequent action of other essential minerals supplied to the animals and still maintains electrolyte balance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12690

Quality changes of acerola fruit harvested at different maturity stages and exposed to external ethylene
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Ribeiro, Bruna Silva

; Ferreira, Maria Aparecida Rodrigues

; Nascimento, Pedro Henrique Dias

; Moura, Nadiane Raquel

; Silva, Danielly Souza

; Freitas, Sérgio Tonetto de

Revista Ceres

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nov 2022, Volume 69 N. 6 Pages 685 - 692

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Although acerola (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) has been suggested to be a climacteric fruit, little is known about its sensitivity to exogenous ethylene. The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality changes of acerola fruit at two harvest maturity stages in response to external ethylene application. ‘Flor Branca’ and ‘Junko’ acerolas were harvested at the maturity stages 1 (green fruit with density>1 g cm-3) and 2(green fruit with density <1 g cm-3) and were treated with 0 or 1,000 µL L-1 of ethylene for 24 hours at 12 ºC.The fruit were stored at 12 ºC with relative humidity of 90-95% for 14 days. Both cultivars harvested at the maturity stage 2 showed skin color change from green to red during storage, which was not observed in fruit harvested at the maturity stage 1.External ethylene had no effect on 'Flor Branca' and 'Junko' acerolas respiration rate, flesh firmness, skin color, weight loss, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), SS/AT ratio, and ascorbic acid contents. The classification of green acerolas by density was an effective approach to determine fruit harvest maturity for fresh consumption.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269060007

Physical Distancing and Mental Well-Being in Youth Population of Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Gil, Jesus D.C.

; Aguiar, Pedro Manuel Vargues

; Azeredo-Lopes, Sofia

; Soares, Patrícia

; Moura, Heriederson S.D.

; Arcêncio, Ricardo A.

; Goes, Ana Rita Oliveira

; Gama, Ana

; Pedro, Ana Rita Sousa

; Nunes, Carla

; Moniz, Ana Marta Feliciano

; Laires, Pedro

; Dias, Sónia Ferreira

; Souza, Rosa M.P.

; Pinto, Liana W.

; Abrantes, Alexandre

Portuguese Journal of Public Health

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aug 2022, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 91 - 100

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic may affect youth’s physical and mental well-being, partially because of the countries’ rules to contain the virus from spreading. However, there is still uncertainty about the impact of physical distancing on youth’s mental health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of feeling agitated, anxious, down, sad, or low mood (FNF) due to physical distance measures and verify which factors are associated with young Portuguese and Brazilian people. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the instrument “COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion” in Portugal (March 2020 and September 2021) and from “COVID-19 Social Thermometer” in Brazil (August 2020 to April 2021); these surveys included data regarding the health and socioeconomic impact on the population. The health and sociodemographic variables of the two countries were summarized as absolute and relative frequencies. A multivariable logistic regression model was fit by country to estimate the relation between FNF and selected variables of interest. Results: Approximately 36% of the sample studied reported anxiety, agitation, sadness, or low mood almost every day in Portugal and 52% in Brazil due to physical distancing. In Portugal, having more than two comorbidities represented a greater chance of experiencing FNF every day or almost every day (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51 [CI: 1.22-1.87]) than those without comorbidities. In contrast, having a university education level represented a protector factor (OR = 0.76 [CI: 0.67-0.88]). In Brazil, being unemployed increased the chance of FNF compared to students (OR = 11.2). Conclusions: Physical distancing measures have impacted the mental well-being of the young population in Portugal and Brazil. The countries must make a quick effort to attend to and protect young people’s well-being and mental health in the changing context of the current pandemic.

Resumo Introdução: A pandemia do COVID-19 pode afetar o bem-estar físico e mental dos jovens, em parte por causa das regras dos países para conter a propagação do vírus. No entanto, ainda há incerteza sobre o impacto do distanciamento físico na saúde mental dos jovens. Objetivou-se estimar a prevalência de sentir-se agitado, ansioso, deprimido ou triste (FNF) devido a medidas de distância física e verificar quais fatores estão associados a jovens portugueses e brasileiros. Métodos: Utilizamos dados transversais do instrumento “COVID-19 Barômetro: Social Opinião” em Portugal (março de 2020 até setembro de 2021) e do “COVID-19 Social termômetro” no Brasil (agosto de 2020 até abril de 2021); essas pesquisas incluíram dados sobre o impacto na saúde e socioeconômicos da população. As variáveis de saúde e sociodemográficas dos dois países foram resumidas em frequências absolutas e relativas. Um modelo de regressão logística multivariável foi ajustado por país para estimar a relação entre a frequência de sentimentos negativos (FNF) e variáveis selecionadas de interesse. Resultados: Aproximadamente 36% da amostra estudada relatou ansiedade, agitação, tristeza ou mau humor; quase todos os dias em Portugal e 52% no Brasil devido ao distanciamento físico. Em Portugal, ter mais de duas comorbidades representou maior chance de apresentar FNF todos os dias ou quase todos os dias (OR = 1,51 [IC 1,22 -1,87]) do que aqueles sem comorbidades. Em contrapartida, ter nível universitário representou fator protetor (OR = 0,76 [IC 0,67-0,88]). No Brasil, estar desempregado aumentou a chance de FNF em relação aos estudantes (OR = 11,2). Conclusões: As medidas de distanciamento físico têm impactado o bem-estar mental da população jovem em Portugal e no Brasil. Os países devem fazer um esforço rápido para atender e proteger o bem-estar e a saúde mental dos jovens no contexto de mudança da atual pandemia.

https://doi.org/10.1159/000525248

Variability of individuals from a population Varronia curassavica Jacq. considering volatile compounds
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Fernandes, Thaíse Ohana Moura

; Araújo, Emanuelle Oliveira

; Santos, Adson Pereira dos

; Silva, Júlio Cesar Rodrigues Lopes

; Fonseca, Francine Souza Alves da

; Azevedo, Alcinei Místico

; Martins, Ernane Ronie

Ciência Rural

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2022, Volume 52 N. 8 elocation 20210040

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Varronia curassavica é uma espécie medicinal nativa no Brasil e sua propriedade anti-inflamatória é atribuída aos compostos α-humuleno e β-cariofileno. O objetivo foi estudar a variabilidade de população de V. curassavica. Foram coletadas folhas de 40 indivíduos de população natural, sendo estas transferidas para frascos de vidro (2 mL). Os voláteis foram extraídos e analisados por headspace estático, associado à cromatografia gasosa, acoplada à espectrometria de massas (HS-CG-EM). Detectou-se 17 compostos: monoterpenos (1,6% - 68%) e sesquiterpenos (25,7% - 79,0%), incluindo o α-humuleno e o β-cariofileno. A análise multivariada foi realizada para estimar a dissimilaridade dos indivíduos, a qual separou quatro grupos. O grupo I foi caracterizado pela presença do α-pineno, os grupos II e IV do β-cariofileno e o grupo III do β-pineno. O teor do α-humuleno apresentou pequenas variações, enquanto o do β-cariofileno contribuiu mais para a variabilidade da população. É o primeiro relato de análise da composição química de compostos voláteis de V. curassavica utilizando a técnica HS-GC-MS.

ABSTRACT: Varronia curassavica is a medicinal species native to Brazil; its anti-inflammatory properties are attributed to α-humulene and β-caryophyllene. This study to investigated the population variability of V. curassavica. Leaves were collected from 40 individuals of a natural population and transferred to glass flasks (2 mL). The volatiles were extracted and analyzed using static headspace gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS). A total of 17 compounds were detected: monoterpenes (1.6% - 68%) and sesquiterpenes (25.7% - 79.0%), including α-humulene and β-caryophyllene. Multivariate analysis was performed to estimate the dissimilarity of individuals separated the compounds into four groups. Group I was characterized by the content of α-pinene, groups II and IV by β-caryophyllene, and group III by β-pinene. The abundance of α-humulene showed small variations; while β-caryophyllene showed larger variations that contributed to the population variability. This is the first report on the chemical composition analysis of volatile compounds in V. curassavica using the HS-GC-MS technique.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210040

Chronic oil spills revealed by the most important set of samples from the incident in northeastern Brazil, 2019
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LOBÃO, MÁRCIO M.

; THOMAZELLI, FERNANDA F.

; BATISTA, EMANUELE P.M.P.

; OLIVEIRA, RAFAELLA F. DE

; SOUZA, MONIQUE D.C. DE

; MATOS, NÍNIVE A.V. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20210492

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In 2019, an oil spill of unprecedented dimensions and unknown source reached the Brazilian coast. Such incident, which occurred somewhere in the ocean and was detected only when the first oil patches reached the beaches in the northeastern region, is recognized as one of the most serious oil spills in the country. From the chromatographic analysis of the oily residues using n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and oil biomarkers, it was possible to characterize their coverage. The results confirmed that an oil of the same specification reached a length of coastline higher than 3,000 kilometers. However, were also found oily residues that did not match with the product involved in that incident, evidencing the occurrence of different discharges. This study documents the extension of the affected coastline during the incident and assesses the possible origin of such different oils from their geochemical characteristics by selecting 21 samples from more than 300 samples previously collected and analyzed during the response actions. The unexpected occurrence of these residues suggest chronic events. The results highlighted that unrelated oily residues were found even in a region far from the coast, indicating that discharges of oil in the open sea occur more regularly than initially expected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210492

Evaluation of corn hybrids for silage grown in different locations
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Neumann, M.

; Horst, E.H.

; Cristo, F.B.

; Souza, A.M.

; Plodoviski, D.C.

; Costa, L.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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oct 2021, Volume 73 N. 5 Pages 1171 - 1179

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo e as características morfométricas e químicas, além da digestibilidade de diferentes híbridos de milho cultivados em diferentes locais para produção de silagem. Foram cultivados quatro híbridos de milho: P2866H, P3456H, P30R50VYH e P4285YHR, em quatro locais, definidos como propriedades A; B; C e D. O híbrido P4285YHR apresentou as maiores alturas de planta e de inserção de espiga (2,72m, 1,52m, respectivamente), com altura mínima registrada, nos diferentes locais, de 2,63m e 1,42m, para altura de planta e inserção de espiga, e, por isso, apresentou o maior rendimento de biomassa fresca (78.089kg ha-1). Os valores calculados de NDT mostraram tendência muito próxima àquela observada na DISMS da planta inteira, tendo o híbrido P3456H apresentado o maior valor estimado (68,74%), e o híbrido P4285YHR o menor entre eles (65,25%). Em geral, menores concentrações de carboidratos fibrosos e lignina, maior teor de carboidratos fibrosos, juntamente com satisfatória participação de grãos na estrutura da planta, conduzem a uma maior digestibilidade da matéria seca. Híbridos com menores alturas de planta não necessariamente apresentam menores rendimentos de biomassa seca, mas híbridos de maior altura e com alta participação de colmo e folhas tendem a apresentar maior teor de aFDN e menor digestibilidade da matéria seca.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield, morphometric and chemical characteristics, and the digestibility of various corn hybrids cultivated in different locations for silage production. Four corn hybrids were grown: P2866H, P3456H, P30R50VYH and P4285YHR, in four locations, defined as farm A; B; C and D. The hybrid P4285YHR presented the highest plant and ear insertion heights (2.72m, 1.52m respectively), with a minimum registered height of 2.63 m and 1.42 m, for plant and ear insertion height, and for that reason it presented the highest yield of fresh biomass (78,089kg ha-1). The TND values showed trend very close to that observed in the DISMS of the whole-plant, with hybrid P3456H presenting the highest estimated value (68.74%), and the hybrid P4285YHR the lowest among them (65.25%). In general, lower fibrous carbohydrates and lignin content, higher fibrous carbohydrates content, together with satisfactory grains participation in the plant structure led to a greater dry matter digestibility. Hybrids with lower plant heights do not necessarily have lower dry biomass yields, but hybrids of greater height and with high stem and leaf participation tend to have a higher aFDN content and less dry matter digestibility.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12373 32 downloads

10.

Characterization and application of Lippia alba (Mill) and Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf. essential oils as natural sanitizers in coriander
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LIMA, Amanda Beatriz Sales de

; QUEIROGA, Inês Maria Barbosa Nunes

; SILVA, Gabriela Muricy de Souza

; COSTA, Jessyka Silva da

; GUEDES, Jossana Pereira de Sousa

; DANTAS, Cybelle de Oliveira

; CAVALCANTI, Mônica Tejo

Food Science and Technology

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dec 2019, Volume 39 N. 4 Pages 993 - 998

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are a promising alternative for food preservation and can be used instead of synthetic antimicrobial compounds such as sanitizers, as long as they are efficient and safe. In view of this possibility of use, Lippia alba (Mill) (LAEO) and Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf. (CCEO) essential oils were evaluated as natural antimicrobials and applied into coriander for its biocontrol. The EOs were extracted and their physical properties, total phenolics, cytotoxicity to Artemia salina L. and antimicrobial potential in vitro and on natural coriander microbiota were determined. The EOs had a LD50 (median lethal dose - checked), are considered biologically active. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) varied from 1.25 to 5.00 μL/ mL and from 0.62 to 5.00 μL/ mL for LAEO and CCEO, respectively, on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The lowest MIC values for LAEO and CCEO were selected for application in coriander. EOs reduced the pathogenic microbial load in the coriander revealing its potential as a natural sanitizer, and thus demonstrating superior or equivalent efficacy to commercial sanitizer. By correlating the cytotoxic and antimicrobial results obtained, we have shown that these EOs present potential for application in foods.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.15718 697 downloads

11.

Uso da somatotropina recombinante bovina em búfalas leiteiras II: metabolismos energético e mineral
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Melo, W.O.

; Nascimento Júnior, A.S.

; Monteiro, B. M.

; Ribeiro Filho, J.D.

; Faturi, C.

; Daher, L.C.C.

; Souza, D.C.

; Sousa, E.M.

; Faria Júnior, S.P.

; Viana, R.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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jun 2019, Volume 71 N. 3 Pages 732 - 740

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Avaliou-se a influência da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) sobre os metabolismos energético e mineral de búfalas entre 63e 154 dias em lactação. Foram utilizadas 22 búfalas, distribuídas em dois grupos experimentais: grupo rbST - aplicação de 500mg de rbST a cada 14 dias; grupo Controle - sem aplicação de rbST. A cada sete dias, foram coletadas amostras de sangue para a determinação do perfil bioquímico e mensuraram-se a produção de leite e o escore de condição corporal dos animais. As médias dos parâmetros estudados para os grupos rbST e Controle foram, respectivamente: produção de leite (PL): 6,44kg vs. 6,68kg; escore de condição corporal-ECC (1-5): 3,51 vs. 3,57; glicose: 70,58 vs. 64,81mg/dL (P = 0,0003); colesterol: 132,38 vs. 133,40mg/dL; triglicérides: 29,18 vs. 28,32mg/dL; proteína total: 8,57 vs. 8,75g/dL; albumina: 3,47 vs. 3,60g/dL; ureia: 32,46 vs. 33,86mg/dL; creatinina: 1,27 vs. 1,39mg/dL; cálcio:10,25 vs. 10,73mg/dL; fósforo:5,76 vs. 5,62mg/dL; e magnésio:3,70 vs. 3,70mg/dL. O uso de 500mg de rbSTinfluenciou o metabolismo da glicose, porém não modificou a PL, o ECC e os níveis dos demais parâmetros metabólicos estudados.

ABSTRACT The aim was to evaluate the influence of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on the energy and mineral metabolism of buffaloes between 63 - 154 days in milk. Twenty-two buffaloes distributed in two experimental groups were used: Group rbST (n= 11) - application of 500mg of rbST every 14 days; Control Group (n= 11) - no rbST. Every seven days, blood samples were taken to determine the biochemical profile, and milk production and body condition score were measured. The averages of the variables for rbST and Control groups were, respectively: milk yield (MY) - 6.44kg vs. 6.68kg; body condition score (BCS) - 3.51 vs 3.57 (1-5); glucose - 70.58 vs. 64.81mg/dL (P = 0.0003); cholesterol - 132.38 vs. 133.40mg/dL; triglycerides -29.18 vs. 28.32mg/dL; total protein - 8.57 vs. 8.75g/dL; albumin - 3.47 vs 3.60g/dL; urea - 32.46 vs 33.86mg/dL; creatinine - 1.27 vs 1.39mg/dL; calcium - 10.25 vs. 10.73mg/dL; phosphorus - 5.76 vs 5.62mg/dL; and magnesium - 3.70 vs 3.70mg/dL. Use of 500mg rbST influenced glucose metabolism, but did not modify the MY, BCS and the levels of the other metabolic parameters studied.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10558 1098 downloads

12.

Echocardiographic reference ranges for sedated healthy peccaries ( Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus , 1758 )
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Moura, L.S.

; Rodrigues, R.P.S.

; Silva, A.B.S.

; Pessoa, G.T.

; Sousa, F.C.A.

; Barbosa, M.A.P.S.

; Souza, A.B.

; Alves, J.J.R.P.

; Macedo, K.V.

; Diniz, A.N.

; Silva, E.G.

; Araújo, J.R.

; Marques, D.C.

; Cavalcante-Filho, M.F.

; Alves, F.R.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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feb 2019, Volume 71 N. 1 Pages 68 - 76

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Catetos são mamíferos selvagens, pertencentes ao gênero Tayassu, encontrados em quase toda a América, os quais têm se destacado como modelos experimentais. Doze animais adultos saudáveis foram sedados para a realização de exames ecocardiográficos em modos B, M e Doppler. As variáveis que apresentaram coeficientes de correlação estatisticamente significativos em relação ao peso foram: LVFWd, LVIDd, LVIDs, onda E, A’RV, MAM, TAPSE. O HR mostrou correlação positiva com LA/AO, onda E, onda A, MAM, TAPSE e E/IVRT, e negativa com IVRT. Os valores de AVmax mostraram correlações positivas com onda E e onda A’. A variável LA mostrou correlação positiva com AO e correlação negativa com IVSd. A EF apresentou forte correlação com a relação de ondas FS, E/A, com A’, E’RV. FS apresentou correlação positiva com a relação de onda E/A. O MAM mostrou correlação com LVIDd e LVIDs. TAPSE mostrou correlações positivas com E’RV e A’RV. O presente estudo forneceu os primeiros valores de referência para medições ecocardiográficas em modos B, M e Doppler de catetos anestesiados com ketamina e midazolam. O exame ecocardiográfico em catetos foi de fácil execução e os dados encontrados evidenciaram valores que podem auxiliar no seu manejo clínico e conservação.

ABSTRACT Peccaries are wild mammals belonging to the Tayassu genus that are found almost everywhere in the Americas and have demonstrated great potential as an experimental model for scientific investigations. Twelve healthy adult animals were sedated to perform echocardiographic examinations in B, M and Doppler mode. The variables that exhibited statistically significant correlation coefficients with weight were LVFWd, LVIDd, LVIDs, E wave, A’RV, MAM, and TAPSE. The HR exhibited a negative relationship with the IVRT. The LA variable showed a positive correlation with the AO. The MAM exhibited correlations with the LVIDd and LVIDs. The TAPSE showed positive correlations with the E’RV and A’RV. The present study provides the first reference values for echocardiographic measurements in B, M and Doppler modes from peccaries anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam. Echocardiography was easy to perform in collared peccaries, and the collected data revealed values that can aid in their clinical management and conservation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10256 966 downloads

13.

Serum biochemical profile of neonatal buffalo calves
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Souza, D.C.

; Silva, D.G.

; Rocha, T.G.

; Monteiro, B.M.

; Pereira, G.T.

; Fiori, L.C.

; Viana, R.B.

; Fagliari, J.J.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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feb 2019, Volume 71 N. 1 Pages 187 - 196

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Amostras de sangue de 50 bezerros de búfalo Murrah foram examinados nesse estudo. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos de acordo com a paridade de suas genitoras: G1 (n=15) bezerros de búfalas primíparas, G2 (n=19) bezerros de búfalas com 2 a 4 gestações, e G3 (n=16) bezerros de búfalas com cinco ou mais gestações. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas ao nascimento, antes da ingestão de colostro e 24h, 48h, e 72h após o nascimento e 7, 14, 21 e 30 dias após nascimento para determinar níveis de gammaglutamil transferase (GGT), fosfatase alcalina (ALP), aspartato aminotrasferase (AST), creatina quinase, proteínas totais, albumina, globulina (inclusive imunoglobulina G), ferro, cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, fósforo, sódio e potássio. A idade dos bezerros influenciou todos os parâmetros bioquímicos, exceto cálcio ionizado e potássio nos bezerros dos grupos G1 e G3. A ordem de nascimento influenciou AST, GGT, proteínas totais, albumina e globulinas, inclusive IgG. Intensa atividade ALP no soro nos primeiros dois dias após nascimento indica que medidas dos níveis dessa enzima podem ser utilizados como método indireto de avaliar transferência passiva de imunidade.

ABSTRACT Serum blood samples from 50 Murrah buffalo calves were examined in this study. The animals were allocated into three groups according to the number of parturitions of their mothers: G1 (n= 15) calves from primiparous buffaloes, G2 (n= 19) calves from buffaloes with two to four parturitions, and G3 (n= 16) calves from buffaloes with five or more parturitions. Blood samples were taken at birth, before colostrum ingestion, at 24h, 48h, and 72h after birth, and at 7, 14, 21, and 30 days after birth for determination of levels of gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase, total protein, albumin, globulins (including immunoglobulin G), iron, total calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium. The age of the calves was found to influence all of the biochemical parameters, with the exception of ionized calcium and potassium in the calves in groups G1 and G3. The calving order was found to influence AST, GGT, total protein, albumin, and globulins, including IgG. The high serum ALP activity in the first two days after birth indicates that measurement of the levels of this enzyme may be used as an indirect method of assessing passive immunity transfer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10176 1374 downloads

14.

Infecção sistêmica por Salmonella Typhimurium em papagaio-verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva)
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Souza, M.L.

; Azuaga, L.B.S.

; Coutinho Netto, C.R.M.

; Gomes, D.C.

; Ramos, C.A.N.

; Leal, C.R.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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mar 2018, Volume 70 N. 2 Pages 637 - 640

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The maintenance of wild animals in captivity can be a source for transmission of infectious and zoonotic diseases. In February 2016, blue-fronted amazon parrots that were kept at the Centro de Reabilitação de Animais Silvestres (CRAS) of Campo Grande - MS died suddenly. The specimens were sent to the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ) to be necropsied. Anatomopathological exams were performed and organ fragments from all systems were collected for histopathological exams. Liver and spleen fragments were also collected for bacteriological exams. Histopathological exam revealed bacterial aggregates distributed through the organs. Bacteriological exam isolated Salmonella spp. from the fragments of liver and spleen. The confirmation of the genus was made by serum agglutination on slide and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genetic sequencing identified the sample as Salmonella Typhimurium.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9823 1774 downloads

15.

Avaliação dos indicadores de lesão miocárdica em cães com leishmaniose visceral
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Godoy, K.C.S.

; Braz, P.H.

; Assis, A.R.

; Antunes, T.R.

; Gomes, D.C.

; Souza, A.I.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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apr 2016, Volume 68 N. 2 Pages 313 - 320

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os indicadores laboratoriais, eletrocardiográficos e histológicos de lesão cardíaca em diferentes grupos clínicos de cães com leishmaniose visceral. Foram analisados marcadores séricos, traçado eletrocardiográfico e fragmentos de tecido cardíaco de 41 cães naturalmente infectados, distribuídos em três grupos: assintomático, oligossintomático e sintomático. Todos os animais apresentaram aumento na atividade sérica da enzima creatina quinase fração MB. No traçado eletrocardiográfico, o complexo de baixa voltagem foi o distúrbio de condução mais frequente (8/10). Na análise histológica, 75,6% dos cães apresentaram reação inflamatória com predomínio de infiltrados linfo-histiocítico (13/31) de intensidade discreta a moderada e distribuição multifocal. As alterações microscópicas identificadas no miocárdio foram independentes dos achados laboratoriais, eletrocardiográficos e do quadro clínico apresentado pelos animais estudados. A ausência de associação entre alterações histopatológicas e os parâmetros investigados alerta para a dificuldade de identificação de cardiopatia em cães com leishmaniose visceral e ressalta a importância de incluir a leishmaniose visceral no diagnóstico de patologias cardíacas principalmente em regiões endêmicas para o agente.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the laboratory indicators, electrocardiographic and cardiac histological lesions in different clinical groups of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. Serum markers were analyzed in conjunction with the electrocardiographic tracing and heart tissue fragments of 41 naturally infected dogs which were divided into three groups: asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic and symptomatic. All animals showed increased activity in serum creatine kinase MB fraction. In the electrocardiographic tracing, low voltage complex was the most frequent conduction disorder (8/12). In the histological analysis, 75.6% of the dogs showed inflammatory reaction with predominance of linfohistiocítico infiltrates (13/31) of mild to moderate intensity and multifocal distribution. Microscopic changes identified in the myocardium were independent laboratory findings, an electrocardiographic and clinical picture presented by the studied animals. The lack of association between histopathological changes and the parameters investigated indicate the difficulty in disease identification in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis and highlights the importance of including visceral leishmaniasis in the diagnosis of heart disease especially in endemic regions to the agent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8236 3052 downloads

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