ABSTRACT Some forage species, such as pangolão grass (Digitaria eriantha Steud. cv. Survenola), are resilient in tropical semi arid regions. A possible reason for this is the presence of endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms. Thus, this study evaluated the diversity of associative bacteria in pangolão grass. Bacteria associated with the roots, culm, leaves, and rhizospheric soil were isolated and characterized in three municipalities of Pernambuco, Brazil. An initial phenotypic characterization was followed by a genotypic assessment by based repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (BOX-PCR) and partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We obtained 325 phenotypically-characterized isolates grouped into 243 strains with 100% similarity by BOX-PCR. The most diverse sampling environment was Araripina, and all factors affected bacterial diversity. There were 135 groups with 90% similarity, that were represented by a single strain each for sequencing. Among the sequenced strains, 118 showed 96.84–99.9% similarity with previously described strains, whereas 17 could not be identified. The following 18 genera were identified from three phyla, five classes, seven orders, and 13 families: Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Curtobacterium, Enterobacter, Herbaspirillum, Kosakonia, Ochrobactrum, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Priestia, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Shinella, Stenotrophomonas, and Variovorax. The diversity of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria may contribute to the resilience of pangolão, as various strains of these genera have been described as plant growth promoters. This is the first evaluation of pangolão bacterial diversity under tropical semi arid conditions. Since several of the genera include strains known to promote plant growth, we propose further research to evaluate this on crops.

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are a promising alternative for food preservation and can be used instead of synthetic antimicrobial compounds such as sanitizers, as long as they are efficient and safe. In view of this possibility of use, Lippia alba (Mill) (LAEO) and Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf. (CCEO) essential oils were evaluated as natural antimicrobials and applied into coriander for its biocontrol. The EOs were extracted and their physical properties, total phenolics, cytotoxicity to Artemia salina L. and antimicrobial potential in vitro and on natural coriander microbiota were determined. The EOs had a LD50 (median lethal dose - checked), are considered biologically active. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) varied from 1.25 to 5.00 μL/ mL and from 0.62 to 5.00 μL/ mL for LAEO and CCEO, respectively, on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The lowest MIC values for LAEO and CCEO were selected for application in coriander. EOs reduced the pathogenic microbial load in the coriander revealing its potential as a natural sanitizer, and thus demonstrating superior or equivalent efficacy to commercial sanitizer. By correlating the cytotoxic and antimicrobial results obtained, we have shown that these EOs present potential for application in foods.

RESUMO: Pneumonia fúngica tem sido um diagnóstico diferencial em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares, sendo também um risco de saúde pública para seus respectivos proprietários. Uma vez que uma fonte comum de exposição ambiental pode resultar em infecção, cães e gatos podem agir como sentinelas da doença para ambos, pessoas e animais. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de pneumonia fúngica em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares, de maio de 2013 a fevereiro 2015 no sul do Brasil. Radiografias torácicas, exame de sangue e lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) não broncoscópico seguido de análise citológica e microbiológica foram realizados em todos os animais. Um cão foi positivo na cultura do fluido do LBA para um fungo patogênico (Cryptococcus neoformans) e outro cão para um fungo oportunista (Candida parapsilosis). Ambos os cães apresentaram tosse como sinal clínico principal e alterações radiológicas torácicas. Em conclusão, a ocorrência de pneumonia fúngica no sul do Brasil em cães e gatos por meio deste estudo foi relativamente baixa. A cultura do LBA pode possibilitar o diagnóstico de pneumonia fúngica causada por fungos oportunistas ou patogênicos e este diagnóstico diferencial deve ser uma preocupação em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares.

ABSTRACT: Fungal pneumonia has been a differential diagnosis in dogs and cats with pulmonary clinical signs, posting also a public health risk to respective owners. Since a common-source environmental exposure may result in infection, dogs and cats may also act as sentinels for both animal and human disease. Accordingly, the present study has aimed to evaluate the occurrence of fungal pneumonia in dogs and cats with pulmonary clinical signs from May 2013 to February 2015 in southern Brazil. Thoracic radiographs, blood work and non-bronchoscopic Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL), followed by cytology and microbiologic analysis were performed in all animals. One dog was positive in the BAL fluid culture for a pathogenic fungus (Cryptococcus neoformans) and another dog to an opportunistic fungus (Candida parapsilosis). Both dogs have presented cough as the prior clinical sign and showed thoracic radiographic changes. In conclusion, the occurrence of fungal pneumonia in southern Brazil in dogs and cats through of this study was relatively low. The BAL fluid culture may allow diagnosis of fungal pneumonia caused by opportunistic or pathogenic fungi and this diagnosis should be a concern in dogs and cats with pulmonary clinical signs.

Resumo: A adolescência tem sido descrita como uma fase do desenvolvimento marcada por desafios, tensões e incertezas que podem gerar, além de estresse, o rebaixamento das expectativas futuras no adolescente. Este estudo tem por objetivo descrever a percepção do estresse e as expectativas de futuro por adolescentes. É um estudo misto realizado com 17 estudantes do Ensino Médio, selecionados de uma amostra de 295 adolescentes, com idades entre 14 e 18 anos, alunos de uma rede particular de ensino, na região metropolitana de Belém do Pará. Foi utilizada a Escala de Estresse para Adolescentes e um grupo focal.Os resultados indicaram níveis de estresse mais alto em adolescentes do sexo feminino. Os participantes que não apresentaram estresse revelaram possuir um bom relacionamento familiar e expectativas de futuro bem definidas. No entanto, os adolescentes que apresentaram estresse associaram ocontexto familiar afatores estressores, bem como revelaram ausência de expectativas quanto ao futuro.

Abstract: Adolescence has been described as a developmental phase marked by challenges, tensions, and uncertainties that can generate stress and lower adolescents' future expectations. This study aims to describe adolescent perceptions of stress and future expectations.It is a mixed-methods study of 17 high school students, selected from a sample of 295 adolescents, aged 14 to 18 years, who are pupils in a private school system in the metropolitan region of Belém do Pará. The Stress Scale for Adolescents was used, in addition to focus groups. The results indicated higher stress levels in female adolescents. The participants who had no stress had good family relationships and well-defined future expectations. However, the adolescents who had stress associated their family context with stressors and had no expectations for the future.

Resumen: La adolescencia ha sido descrito como una fase de desarrollo marcada por desafíos, tensiones e incertidumbres que podríangenerar, además de estrés, disminución de las expectativas futuras adolescentes. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir la percepción del estrés y las expectativas futuras para los adolescentes. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo / cualitativo de diecisiete estudiantes de escuela secundaria, seleccionados a partir de una muestra de 295 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años, que frecuentaban un sistema escolar privado en la región metropolitano de Belém do Pará. La Escala de Estrés para Adolescentes fueutilizada y se llevó a cabo un grupo de enfoque.Los resultados indicaron mayor estrés en mujeres adolescentes.Los participantes que no tenían estrés demostraron que tienen buenas relaciones familiares y expectativas futuras bien definidas. Sin embargo, adolescentes estresados asocian los antecedentes familiares a los factores de estrésy revelaron que no tienen expectativas sobre el futuro.

OBJETIVOS: Determinar a importância das variáveis: Intensidade de Energia (I), Potência (P) e Tempo de Aplicação (T) nas alterações histológicas ocorridas em varizes de membros inferiores submetidas à eletrocauterização endovascular. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo experimental realizado em pacientes submetidos à eletrocauterização endovenosa de fragmento proximal da veia safena magna, de acordo com uma tabela de aleatorização - GI: I=0J, P=0W, T=15s; GII: I=300J, P=60W, T=5s; GIII: I=600J, P=60W, T=10s; GIV: I=900J, P=60W, T=15s; GV: I=450J, P=90W, T=5s; GVI: I=900J, P=90W, T=10s; GVII: I=1350J, P=90W, T=15s; GVIII: I=600J, P=120W, T=5s; GIX: I=1200J, P=120W, T=10s; GX: I=1800J, P=120W, T=15s. Os fragmentos foram submetidos a estudo anatomopatológico com o objetivo de analisar a profundidade das alterações tissulares, assim classificadas: Grupo A - endotélio e média, Grupo B - endotélio, média e adventícia. RESULTADOS: A intensidade das alterações histológicas - Grupo A e B - ocorridas nos fragmentos foram proporcionais à Intensidade de Energia de eletrocauterização (p=0,0001). Essa associação linear também pode ser verificada para as variáveis Potência (p=0,017) e Tempo de Aplicação (p=0,0001). O índice de correlação de Spearman foi maior para variável Tempo de Aplicação: 0,42269 (p=0,002) quando comparada com a variável Potência de Energia: 0,3542 (p=0,005). CONCLUSÃO: O Tempo de Aplicação de Energia é mais importante do que a Potência de Energia utilizada para uma mesma energia de eletrocauterização, na determinação da profundidade dos efeitos histológicos observados na parede das varizes de membros inferiores.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the importance of the variables: Energy Intensity (I), Power (P) and Time of Application (T) in the histological changes occurring in lower limb varicose vein submitted to endovascular electrocauterization. METHOD: Prospective experimental study conducted in patients undergoing great saphenous vein electrocauterization according to a randomization table - GI: I=0J, P=0W, T=15s; GII: I=300J, P=60W, T=5s; GIII: I=600, P=60W, T=10s; GIV: I=900J, P=60W, T=15s; GV: I=450J, P=90W, T=5s; GVI: I=900J, P=90W, T=10s; GVII: I=1350W, P=90W, T=15s; GVIII: I=600, P=120W, T=5s; GIX: I=1200J, P=120W, T=10s; GX: I=1800J, P=120W, T=15s. The fragments were submitted to histopathological examination in order to analyze the depth of tissue changes, classified as follows: Group A - endothelium and media; Group B - endothelium, media and adventitia. RESULTS: The intensity of histological changes - Groups A and B - that occur in the fragments were proportional to Energy Intensity of electrocauterization (p=0.0001), Power (p=0.017) and Time of Application (p=0.0001). The Spearman correlation coefficient was more powerful for the variable Time of Application: 0.42269 (p=0.002) when compared with the variable Power of Energy (P): 0.3542 (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: Time of Application of Energy is a stronger predictor than the Power of Energy in determining the depth of the histological effects observed in the wall of the varicose vein submitted to electrocauterization.