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1.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren in the city of São Paulo, 2020
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Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi
; Madalosso, Geraldine
; Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de
; Costa, Selma Anequini
; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi
; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri
; Glasser, Paula Regina
; Pino, Francisco Alberto
; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos
; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de
; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro
; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia
; Aires, Caroline Cotrim
; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes
; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz
; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco
; Aguiar, Breno Souza de
; Failla, Marcelo Antunes
; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos
; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão
; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos
; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira
; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e
; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos
; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino
; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira
; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau
; Mauro, Athenê Maria de Marco França
; Masi, Eduardo de
.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares de quatro a 14 anos de idade residentes no município de São Paulo, segundo variáveis clínicas, demográficas, epidemiológicas e sociais, durante o período de fechamento das escolas como medida de controle da covid-19. MÉTODOS Realizou-se um inquérito sorológico em setembro de 2020 com amostra aleatória estratificada por tipo de rede de ensino (pública municipal, pública estadual e privada). Foi coletada amostra de sangue venoso utilizando-se o teste de imunoensaio de fluxo lateral da fabricante Wondfo para detecção de anticorpos totais contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Aplicaram-se questionários semiestruturados para o levantamento de dados clínicos, demográficos, sociais e epidemiológicos. RESULTADOS A soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares foi de 16,6% (IC95% 15,4–17,8). O estudo encontrou soroprevalências mais elevadas na rede pública municipal (18,5%; IC95% 16,6–20,6) e estadual (16,2%; IC95% 14,4–18,2) em relação à rede privada (11,7; IC95% 10,0–13,7) e entre escolares da raça/cor preta e parda (18,4%; IC95% 16,8–20,2) e no estrato social mais vulnerável (18,5%; IC95% 16,9–20,2). A pesquisa identificou menores soroprevalências nos escolares que relataram seguir as medidas recomendadas de proteção contra a covid-19. CONCLUSÃO A soroprevalência de anticorpos contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2 atinge principalmente os escolares socialmente mais vulneráveis. Este estudo pode contribuir para embasar políticas públicas que reforcem a importância da suspensão das aulas presenciais e da necessidade de estratégias de medidas de proteção e acompanhamento do status sorológico daqueles que ainda não foram contemplados no calendário vacinal.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren aged 4 to 14 years living in the city of São Paulo, according to clinical, demographic, epidemiological, and social variables, during the school closure period as a measure against covid-19 spread. METHODS A serological survey was made in September 2020 with a random sample stratified by school system (municipal public, state public and private) type. A venous blood sample was collected using the Wondfo SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (lateral flow method) for detection of total SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to collect clinical, demographic, social, and epidemiological data. RESULTS Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren was of 16.6% (95%CI 15.4–17.8). The study found higher seroprevalence in the municipal (18.5%; 95%CI 16.6–20.6) and state (16.2%; 95%CI 14.4–18.2) public school systems compared to the private school system (11.7; 95%CI 10.0–13.7), among black and brown students (18.4%; 95%CI 16.8–20.2) and in the most vulnerable social stratum (18.5 %;95%CI 16.9–20.2). Lower seroprevalence was identified in schoolchildren who reported following the recommended protective measures against covid-19. CONCLUSION Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is found mainly in the most socially vulnerable schoolchildren. This study can contribute to support public policies that reinforce the importance of suspending face-to-face classes and developing strategies aimed at protective measures and monitoring of the serological status of those who have not yet been included in the vaccination schedule.
2.
Scientometric review of research on Neglected Tropical Diseases: a 31-year perspective from the Journal of the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine
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Ferreira, Anderson Fuentes
; Heukelbach, Jorg
; Costa, Carlos Henrique Nery
; Souza, Eliana Amorim de
; Maciel, Adjoane Maurício Silva
; Correia, Dalmo
; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes
.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT Background: To analyze the temporal evolution of research on Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) published by the Journal of the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine (JBSTM). Methods: We performed an analysis of the scientific production in JBSTM on NTDs using an advanced search, which included authors’ descriptors, title, and abstract, and by combining specific terms for each NTDs from 1991 to 2021. Data related to authors, countries of origin, institutions, and descriptors, were evaluated and analyzed over time. Bibliographic networks were constructed using VOSviewer 1.6.16. Results: The JBSTM published 4,268 scientific papers during this period. Of these 1,849 (43.3%) were related to NTDs. The number of publications on NTDs increased by approximately 2.4-fold, from 352 (total 724) during 1991-2000 to 841 (total 2,128) during 2011-2021, despite the proportional reduction (48.6% versus 39.5%). The most common singular NTDs subject of publications included Chagas disease (31.4%; 581/1,849), leishmaniasis (25.5%, 411/1,849), dengue (9.4%, 174/1,849), schistosomiasis (9.0%; 166/1,849), and leprosy (6.5%, 120/1,849), with authorship mostly from Brazil’s South and Southeast regions. Conclusions: Despite the proportional reduction in publications, JBSTM remains an important vehicle for disseminating research on NTDs during this period. There is a need to strengthen the research and subsequent publications on specific NTDs. Institutions working and publishing on NTDs in the country were concentrated in the South and Southeast regions, requiring additional investments in institutions in other regions of the country.
3.
Diretriz Brasileira de Dispositivos Cardíacos Eletrônicos Implantáveis – 2023
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Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmim
; Fagundes, Alexsandro Alves
; Baggio Junior, José Mário
; Oliveira, Júlio César de
; Medeiros, Paulo de Tarso Jorge
; Valdigem, Bruno Pereira
; Teno, Luiz Antônio Castilho
; Silva, Rodrigo Tavares
; Melo, Celso Salgado de
; Elias Neto, Jorge
; Moraes Júnior, Antonio Vitor
; Pedrosa, Anisio Alexandre Andrade
; Porto, Fernando Mello
; Brito Júnior, Hélio Lima de
; Souza, Thiago Gonçalves Schroder e
; Mateos, José Carlos Pachón
; Moraes, Luis Gustavo Belo de
; Forno, Alexander Romeno Janner Dal
; D’Avila, Andre Luiz Buchele
; Cavaco, Diogo Alberto de Magalhães
; Kuniyoshi, Ricardo Ryoshim
; Pimentel, Mauricio
; Camanho, Luiz Eduardo Montenegro
; Saad, Eduardo Benchimol
; Zimerman, Leandro Ioschpe
; Oliveira, Eduardo Bartholomay
; Scanavacca, Mauricio Ibrahim
; Martinelli Filho, Martino
; Lima, Carlos Eduardo Batista de
; Peixoto, Giselle de Lima
; Darrieux, Francisco Carlos da Costa
; Duarte, Jussara de Oliveira Pinheiro
; Galvão Filho, Silas dos Santos
; Costa, Eduardo Rodrigues Bento
; Mateo, Enrique Indalécio Pachón
; Melo, Sissy Lara De
; Rodrigues, Thiago da Rocha
; Rocha, Eduardo Arrais
; Hachul, Denise Tessariol
; Lorga Filho, Adalberto Menezes
; Nishioka, Silvana Angelina D’Orio
; Gadelha, Eduardo Barreto
; Costa, Roberto
; Andrade, Veridiana Silva de
; Torres, Gustavo Gomes
; Oliveira Neto, Nestor Rodrigues de
; Lucchese, Fernando Antonio
; Murad, Henrique
; Wanderley Neto, José
; Brofman, Paulo Roberto Slud
; Almeida, Rui M. S.
; Leal, João Carlos Ferreira
.
4.
Assessment of the regenerative potential of macro-porous chitosan-calcium simvastatin scaffolds on bone cells
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GALLINARI, Marjorie de Oliveira
; BORDINI, Ester Alves Ferreira
; STUANI, Vitor de Toledo
; CASSIANO, Fernanda Balestrero
; MELO, Camila Correa da Silva Braga de
; ALMEIDA, Juliano Milanezi de
; CINTRA, Luciano Tavares Ângelo
; DE SOUZA COSTA, Carlos Alberto
; SOARES, Diana Gabriela
.
Abstract This study evaluated the bioactive potential of a macro-porous chitosan scaffold incorporated with calcium hydroxide (CH-Ca) and functionalized with bioactive doses of simvastatin (SV) for bone tissue regeneration. Initially, the bioactive dose of SV in osteoblastic cells (SAOS-2) was determined. For the direct contact experiment, SAOS-2 cells were plated on scaffolds to assess cell viability and osteogenic differentiation. The second assay was performed at a distance using extracts from scaffolds incubated in culture medium to assess the effect of conditioned medium on viability and osteogenic differentiation. The initial screening showed that 1 μM SV presented the best biostimulating effects, and this dose was selected for incorporation into the CH-Ca and pure chitosan (CH) scaffolds. The cells remained viable throughout the direct contact experiment, with the greatest cell density in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV scaffolds because of their higher porosity. The CH-Ca-SV scaffold showed the most intense bio-stimulating effect in assays in the presence and absence of osteogenic medium, leading to an increased deposition of mineralized matrix. There was an increase in the viability of cells exposed to the extracts for CH-Ca, CH-SV, and CH-Ca-SV during the one-day period. There was an increase in ALP activity in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV; however, the CH-Ca-SV scaffold resulted in an intense increase in the deposition of mineralized nodules, approximately 56.4% at 7 days and 117% at 14 days, compared with CH (control). In conclusion, functionalization of the CH-Ca scaffold with SV promoted an increase in bioactivity, presenting a promising option for bone tissue regeneration.
5.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren in the city of São Paulo, 2020
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Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi
; Madalosso, Geraldine
; Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de
; Costa, Selma Anequini
; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi
; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri
; Glasser, Paula Regina
; Pino, Francisco Alberto
; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos
; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de
; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro
; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia
; Aires, Caroline Cotrim
; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes
; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz
; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco
; Aguiar, Breno Souza de
; Failla, Marcelo Antunes
; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos
; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão
; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos
; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira
; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e
; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos
; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino
; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira
; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau
; Mauro, Athenê Maria de Marco França
; Masi, Eduardo de
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren aged 4 to 14 years living in the city of São Paulo, according to clinical, demographic, epidemiological, and social variables, during the school closure period as a measure against covid-19 spread. METHODS A serological survey was made in September 2020 with a random sample stratified by school system (municipal public, state public and private) type. A venous blood sample was collected using the Wondfo SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (lateral flow method) for detection of total SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to collect clinical, demographic, social, and epidemiological data. RESULTS Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren was of 16.6% (95%CI 15.4–17.8). The study found higher seroprevalence in the municipal (18.5%; 95%CI 16.6–20.6) and state (16.2%; 95%CI 14.4–18.2) public school systems compared to the private school system (11.7; 95%CI 10.0–13.7), among black and brown students (18.4%; 95%CI 16.8–20.2) and in the most vulnerable social stratum (18.5 %;95%CI 16.9–20.2). Lower seroprevalence was identified in schoolchildren who reported following the recommended protective measures against covid-19. CONCLUSION Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is found mainly in the most socially vulnerable schoolchildren. This study can contribute to support public policies that reinforce the importance of suspending face-to-face classes and developing strategies aimed at protective measures and monitoring of the serological status of those who have not yet been included in the vaccination schedule.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares de quatro a 14 anos de idade residentes no município de São Paulo, segundo variáveis clínicas, demográficas, epidemiológicas e sociais, durante o período de fechamento das escolas como medida de controle da covid-19. MÉTODOS Realizou-se um inquérito sorológico em setembro de 2020 com amostra aleatória estratificada por tipo de rede de ensino (pública municipal, pública estadual e privada). Foi coletada amostra de sangue venoso utilizando-se o teste de imunoensaio de fluxo lateral da fabricante Wondfo para detecção de anticorpos totais contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Aplicaram-se questionários semiestruturados para o levantamento de dados clínicos, demográficos, sociais e epidemiológicos. RESULTADOS A soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares foi de 16,6% (IC95% 15,4–17,8). O estudo encontrou soroprevalências mais elevadas na rede pública municipal (18,5%; IC95% 16,6–20,6) e estadual (16,2%; IC95% 14,4–18,2) em relação à rede privada (11,7; IC95% 10,0–13,7) e entre escolares da raça/cor preta e parda (18,4%; IC95% 16,8–20,2) e no estrato social mais vulnerável (18,5%; IC95% 16,9–20,2). A pesquisa identificou menores soroprevalências nos escolares que relataram seguir as medidas recomendadas de proteção contra a covid-19. CONCLUSÃO A soroprevalência de anticorpos contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2 atinge principalmente os escolares socialmente mais vulneráveis. Este estudo pode contribuir para embasar políticas públicas que reforcem a importância da suspensão das aulas presenciais e da necessidade de estratégias de medidas de proteção e acompanhamento do status sorológico daqueles que ainda não foram contemplados no calendário vacinal.
6.
Chronic exposure to lipopolysaccharides as an in vitro model to simulate the impaired odontogenic potential of dental pulp cells under pulpitis conditions
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MENDES SOARES, Igor Paulino
; ANSELMI, Caroline
; PIRES, Maria Luiza Barucci Araujo
; RIBEIRO, Rafael Antonio de Oliveira
; LEITE, Maria Luísa
; SOARES, Diana Gabriela
; DE SOUZA COSTA, Carlos Alberto
; HEBLING, Josimeri
.
Abstract Simulating a bacterial-induced pulpitis environment in vitro may contribute to exploring mechanisms and bioactive molecules to counteract these adverse effects. Objective To investigate the chronic exposure of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) aiming to establish a cell culture protocol to simulate the impaired odontogenic potential under pulpitis conditions. Methodology HDPCs were isolated from four healthy molars of different donors and seeded in culture plates in a growth medium. After 24 h, the medium was changed to an odontogenic differentiation medium (DM) supplemented or not with E. coli LPS (0 - control, 0.1, 1, or 10 µg/mL) (n=8). The medium was renewed every two days for up to seven days, then replaced with LPS-free DM for up to 21 days. The activation of NF-κB and F-actin expression were assessed (immunofluorescence) after one and seven days. On day 7, cells were evaluated for both the gene expression (RT-qPCR) of odontogenic markers (COL1A1, ALPL, DSPP, and DMP1) and cytokines (TNF, IL1B, IL8, and IL6) and the production of reactive nitrogen (Griess) and oxygen species (Carboxy-H2DCFDA). Cell viability (alamarBlue) was evaluated weekly, and mineralization was assessed (Alizarin Red) at 14 and 21 days. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α=5%). Results After one and seven days of exposure to LPS, NF-κB was activated in a dose-dependent fashion. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL concentrations down-regulated the gene expression of odontogenic markers and up-regulated cytokines. LPS at 10 µg/mL increased both the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. LPS decreased cell viability seven days after the end of exposure. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL decreased hDPCs mineralization in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion The exposure to 10 µg/mL LPS for seven days creates an inflammatory environment that is able to impair by more than half the odontogenic potential of HDPCs in vitro, simulating a pulpitis-like condition.
7.
Diretriz da SBC sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas – 2023
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio
; Rassi Jr, Anis
; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes
; Correia, Luís Claudio Lemos
; Ramos Júnior, Alberto Novaes
; Luquetti, Alejandro Ostermayer
; Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel
; Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de
; Paola, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de
; Sousa, Antônio Carlos Sobral
; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho
; Correia Filho, Dalmo
; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de
; Cunha-Neto, Edecio
; Ramires, Felix Jose Alvarez
; Bacal, Fernando
; Nunes, Maria do Carmo Pereira
; Martinelli Filho, Martino
; Scanavacca, Maurício Ibrahim
; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães
; Oliveira Júnior, Wilson Alves de
; Lorga-Filho, Adalberto Menezes
; Guimarães, Adriana de Jesus Benevides de Almeida
; Braga, Adriana Lopes Latado
; Oliveira, Adriana Sarmento de
; Sarabanda, Alvaro Valentim Lima
; Pinto, Ana Yecê das Neves
; Carmo, Andre Assis Lopes do
; Schmidt, Andre
; Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da
; Ianni, Barbara Maria
; Markman Filho, Brivaldo
; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
; Macêdo, Carolina Thé
; Mady, Charles
; Chevillard, Christophe
; Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Bittencourt das
; Castro, Cleudson Nery de
; Britto, Constança Felicia De Paoli de Carvalho
; Pisani, Cristiano
; Rassi, Daniela do Carmo
; Sobral Filho, Dário Celestino
; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues de
; Bocchi, Edimar Alcides
; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
; Mendes, Fernanda de Souza Nogueira Sardinha
; Gondim, Francisca Tatiana Pereira
; Silva, Gilberto Marcelo Sperandio da
; Peixoto, Giselle de Lima
; Lima, Gustavo Glotz de
; Veloso, Henrique Horta
; Moreira, Henrique Turin
; Lopes, Hugo Bellotti
; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco
; Ferreira, João Marcos Bemfica Barbosa
; Nunes, João Paulo Silva
; Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Soares
; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr
; Lannes-Vieira, Joseli
; Oliveira, Joselina Luzia Menezes
; Armaganijan, Luciana Vidal
; Martins, Luiz Cláudio
; Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Conde
; Barbosa, Marco Paulo Tomaz
; Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antonio
; Simões, Marcos Vinicius
; Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Shikanai
; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira
; Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes
; Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cassia Costa
; Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix
; Lima, Mayara Maia
; Oliveira, Maykon Tavares de
; Romano, Minna Moreira Dias
; Araujo, Nadjar Nitz Silva Lociks de
; Medeiros, Paulo de Tarso Jorge
; Alves, Renato Vieira
; Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmim
; Pedrosa, Roberto Coury
; Aras Junior, Roque
; Torres, Rosalia Morais
; Povoa, Rui Manoel dos Santos
; Rassi, Sergio Gabriel
; Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins
; Tavares, Suelene Brito do Nascimento
; Palmeira, Swamy Lima
; Silva Júnior, Telêmaco Luiz da
; Rodrigues, Thiago da Rocha
; Madrini Junior, Vagner
; Brant, Veruska Maia da Costa
; Dutra, Walderez Ornelas
; Dias, João Carlos Pinto
.
8.
Deep sea ecosystem exploration and ‘health check’: sampling strategy and methods applied during the iAtlantic_BR10_Petrobras cruise in the Santos Basin, Southwest Atlantic
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Perez, Jose Angel A.
; Barros Neto, Halésio M.C. de
; Arantes, Renata C.M.
; Gaurisas, Daniela Y.
; Silva, Camila F.
; Alves, Fernanda Maria M.
; Costa, Júlia A.
; Eloi, Paula D.C.
; Fonseca, Thayse S.
; Gavazzoni, Lucas
; Lonskis, Isabella da S.
; Nardi, Ricardo U.
; Nascimento, Pedro O.
; Rodrigues, João Vitor M.
; Santos, Ana Lara F. dos
; Santos, Edson C. dos
; Schroeder, Rafael
; Silva, Luis Carlos da
; Souza, Fernanda dos S.S. de
; Bernardino, Ângelo F.
; Cavalcanti, Guarani H.
; Lindner, Alberto
; Mahiques, Michel M. de
; Millo, Christian
; Reis, Priscila
; Sweetman, Andrew K.
; Roberts, J. Murray
.
Abstract The iAtlantic Project has established an international collaborative strategy to improve mapping and characterization of deep and open ocean ecosystems in understudied regions of the Atlantic and evaluate their health. In December 2022, the first iAtlantic expedition in the South Atlantic set off to map and explore seafloor ecosystems in the Santos Basin slope (200-1,000 m depths) in collaboration with the Petrobras ‘Santos Basin - Regional Characterization Project.’ The 17-day ‘iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras’ cruise was conducted on board the research vessel NPqHOc Vital de Oliveira (Brazilian Navy) and performed (a) water column structure characterization, (b) seafloor morphology mapping, (c) description of benthic habitats and communities by seafloor imagery and biological/ geological sampling, and (d) ex-situ experiments to assess the functioning of sedimentary ecosystems and their responses to climate-related environmental changes. This study describes the rationale behind the iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras cruise science plan, reports its sampling strategy and methods, and summarizes its collected data and preliminary results.
9.
[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio
Rassi Jr., Anis
Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M.
Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio
Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto
Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel
Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro
Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de
Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo
Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos
Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz
Correia Filho, Dalmo
Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro
Cunha-Neto, Edecio
J. A. Ramires, Felix
Bacal, Fernando
Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo
Martinelli Filho, Martino
Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício
Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto
Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson
M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto
de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana
Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana
Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana
V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro
Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana
Assis Lopes do Carmo, André
Schmidt, André
Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da
Ianni, Barbara Maria
Markman Filho, Brivaldo
Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos
Thé Macedo, Carolina
Mady, Charles
Chevillard, Christophe
Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo
Nery de Castro, Cleudson
De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia
Pisani, Cristiano
do Carmo Rassi, Daniela
C. Sobral Filho, Dario
Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu
A. Bocchi, Edimar
T. Mesquita, Evandro
de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda
Pereira, Francisca Tatiana
Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo
de Lima Peixoto, Giselle
Glotz de Lima, Gustavo
H. Veloso, Henrique
Turin Moreira, Henrique
Bellotti Lopes, Hugo
Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim
Pinto Dias, João Carlos
Bemfica, João Marcos
Silva-Nunes, João Paulo
Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto
Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco
Lannes-Vieira, Joseli
Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia
V. Armaganijan, Luciana
Martins, Luiz Cláudio
C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique
Barbosa, Marco Paulo
Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio
Simões, Marcos Vinicius
Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida
Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação
Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes
Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia
Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe
Maia Lima, Mayara
T. Oliveira, Maykon
Moreira Dias Romano , Minna
Nitz, Nadjar
de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo
Vieira Alves, Renato
Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo
Coury Pedrosa, Roberto
Aras, Roque
Morais Torres, Rosália
dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel
Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel
Salles Xavier, Sérgio
Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia
B. N. Tavares, Suelene
Lima Palmeira, Swamy
da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz
da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago
Madrini Junior, Vagner
Maia da Costa , Veruska
Dutra, Walderez
This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp;
Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities.
nbsp;
Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp;
The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp;
The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;
Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.
Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou.
A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica.
Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas.
A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica.
A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;
Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;
10.
Evaluation of 10-minute post-injection 11C-PiB PET and its correlation with 18F-FDG PET in older adults who are cognitively healthy, mildly impaired, or with probable Alzheimer’s disease
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Carneiro, Camila de Godoi
; Faria, Daniele de Paula
; Coutinho, Artur Martins
; Ono, Carla Rachel
; Duran, Fábio Luís de Souza
; da Costa, Naomi Antunes
; Garcez, Alexandre Teles
; da Silveira, Paula Squarzoni
; Forlenza, Orestes Vicente
; Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi
; Nitrini, Ricardo
; Busatto Filho, Geraldo
; Buchpiguel, Carlos Alberto
.
Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows in vivo evaluation of molecular targets in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer-type dementia. In vivo fibrillar amyloid-beta can be detected in PET using [11C]-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB). In contrast, [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) is a neurodegeneration biomarker used to evaluate cerebral glucose metabolism, indicating neuronal injury and synaptic dysfunction. In addition, early cerebral uptake of amyloid-PET tracers can determine regional cerebral blood flow. The present study compared early-phase 11C-PiB and 18F-FDG in older adults without cognitive impairment, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and clinical diagnosis of probable Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: We selected 90 older adults, clinically classified as healthy controls, with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, or with probable Alzheimer’s disease, who underwent an 18F-FDG PET, early-phase 11C-PiB PET and magnetic resonance imaging. All participants were also classified as amyloid-positive or -negative in late-phase 11C-PiB. The data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: We found that the probable Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment group had lower early-phase 11C-PiB uptake in limbic structures than 18F-FDG uptake. The images showed significant interactions between amyloid-beta status (negative or positive). However, early-phase 11C-PiB appears to provide different information from 18F-FDG about neurodegeneration. Conclusions: Our study suggests that early-phase 11C-PiB uptake correlates with 18F-FDG, irrespective of the particular amyloid-beta status. In addition, we observed distinct regional distribution patterns between both biomarkers, reinforcing the need for more robust studies to investigate the real clinical value of early-phase amyloid-PET imaging.
11.
Pro-inflammatory mediators expression by pulp cells following tooth whitening on restored enamel surface
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Soares, Diana Gabriela
; Sacono, Nancy Tomoko
; Ribeiro, Ana Paula Dias
; Leite, Maria Luisa
; Duque, Carla Caroline de Oliveira
; Gallinari, Marjorie de Oliveira
; Pacheco, Leandro Edgar
; Hebling, Josimeri
; Costa, Carlos Alberto de Souza
.
Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da interface de uma restauração adesiva na difusão do peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2), toxicidade indireta e expressão de mediadores pró-inflamatórios por células odontoblastóides, após clareamento dental em consultório. Cavidades dentárias preparadas em discos de esmalte / dentina foram restauradas com adesivo e submetidas ou não à degradação hidrolítica (HD). Um gel clareador com 35% H2O2 (WG) foi aplicado por 45 min em discos restaurados e não restaurados adaptados às câmaras pulpares artificiais dando origem aos grupos: SD- discos intactos (controle); SD / HP - Discos intactos clareados; RT / HP - discos restaurados e clareados; e RT / HD / HP - discos restaurados, clareados e submetidos a HD. Os extratos (meio de cultura + componentes WG difundidos através da interface esmalte/dentina/restauração) foram coletados e aplicados em células odontoblastóides MDPC-23. Foi avaliada a quantidade de H2O2 nos extratos, bem como a viabilidade (CV), morfologia (CM) e expressão gênica de mediadores inflamatórios (TNF-α e COX-2) pelas células pulpares expostas aos extratos (ANOVA e testes de Tukey; 5% de significância). Todos os grupos clareados apresentaram menor CV do que SD (controle; p <0,05). A maior redução CV e expressão gênica de TNF-α e COX-2 foi observada no grupo RT / HD / HP em comparação com SD / HP e RT / HP (controle; p <0,05). Alterações na CM ocorreram em todos os grupos clareados. A intensidade desses efeitos celulares teve relação direta com a quantidade de H2O2 nos extratos. Concluímos que a presença de uma cavidade contendo restauração adesiva aumenta a difusão de H2O2 após o clareamento em consultório, o que, por sua vez, aumenta a toxicidade indireta dessa terapia e desencadeia a expressão de mediadores pró-inflamatórios pelas células pulpares MDPC-23.
Abstract This paper aimed to assess the influence of adhesive restoration interface on the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indirect toxicity, and pro-inflammatory mediators expression by odontoblast-like cells, after in-office tooth whitening. Dental cavities prepared in bovine enamel/dentin discs were adhesively restored and subjected or not to hydrolytic degradation (HD). A whitening gel with 35% H2O2 (WG) was applied for 45 min onto restored and non-restored specimens adapted to artificial pulp chambers giving rise to the groups: SD- intact discs (control); SD/HP- whitened intact discs; RT/HP- restored and whitened discs; and RT/HD/HP- restored and whitened discs subjected to HD. The extracts (culture medium + WG components diffused through enamel/dentin/restoration interface) were collected and applied to odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells. The study evaluated the amount of H2O2 in the extracts, as well as the cell viability (CV), cell morphology (CM), and gene expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and COX-2) by the pulp cells exposed to the extracts (ANOVA and Tukey tests; 5% significance). All whitened groups presented lower CV than SD (control; p<0.05). The highest CV reduction and gene expression of TNF-α and COX-2 was observed in the RT/HD/HP group in comparison with SD/HP and RT/HP (control; p<0.05). CM alterations occurred in all whitened groups. The intensity of these cell side effects was directly related with the amount of H2O2 in the extracts. We concluded that adhesive restoration of dental cavity increases the H2O2 diffusion after in-office whitening, enhancing the indirect toxicity of this therapy and trigger pro-inflammatory overexpression by MDPC-23 cells.
12.
Study of Glycerol as an Additive in Ni-Mo Electrodeposition
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Costa, Javan Grisente dos Reis da
; Rocha, Cláudia Lisiane Fanezi da
; Lima, Luiz Rogério Pinho de Andrade
; Ribeiro, Daniel Veras
; Souza, Carlos Alberto Caldas de
.
This paper evaluates the effect of adding glycerol to the electrodeposition bath on the deposition efficiency and characteristics of Ni-Mo coating in concentrations ranging from 0.07 to 0.82 mol.L-1. Evaluation of the corrosion resistance was performed by means of weight loss tests in four different periods of immersion. Electrochemical techniques, such as obtaining polarization curves, linear polarization resistance, corrosion current density, corrosion potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were applied. Corrosion measurements were obtained in 0.5 mol.L-1 NaCl acid solution and 0.5 mol.L-1 NaOH alkaline solution. The morphology and microstructures of electrodeposited were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Spectrometry X-Ray Diffraction. The effect of glycerol on Ni-Mo hardness was evaluated by Vickers microhardness measurements. The presence of glycerol in the electrodeposition bath increased the grain size and decreased the hardness of the coating. However, it promoted the formation of a more compact and less porous coating, increasing the corrosion resistance of the coating. Moreover, the addition of 0.82 mol.L-1 glycerol increases current efficiency, thereby reducing the amount of energy consumed during electroplating.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0139
26 downloads
13.
In vitro conservation of ‘Florida Rough’ lemon plants
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Carvalho, Mariane de Jesus da Silva de
; Souza, Antônio da Silva
; Santos, Emanuela Barbosa
; Soares Filho, Walter dos Santos
; Ledo, Carlos Alberto da Silva
; Costa, Eva Maria Rodrigues
; Souza, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte
.
RESUMO: O estabelecimento de condições de crescimento mínimo é fundamental para a conservação in vitro de germoplasma. Alterações nas concentrações do meio básico, na fonte de carbono, são fatores importantes na desaceleração do crescimento de plantas in vitro. Este trabalho teve como objetivo ajustar um protocolo de conservação in vitro de plantas do limoeiro ‘Rugoso da Flórida’. Microestacas de plantas previamente cultivadas in vitro, com aproximadamente 1 cm, foram inoculadas em tubos de ensaio contendo 10 mL do meio de cultura WPM em diferentes concentrações (1/1, 1/2 e 1/4), suplementado com 0; 12,5; 25 e 50 g.L-1 de sacarose, solidificado com 7 g.L-1 de ágar e o pH ajustado em 5,8. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 15 repetições, em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, e mantido sob condições controladas durante 360 dias. Após este período, foram avaliadas altura de planta em cm (AP), número de folhas verdes (NFV), número de folhas senescentes (NFS), número de microestacas (NM) e massa da planta seca em g (MPS). As variáveis que mais contribuíram para explicar a diferença existente no comportamento das plantas do limoeiro ‘Rugoso da Flórida’ no meio de cultura WPM foram NFV e AP com 61,63 e 35,08%, respectivamente. O meio de cultura WPM na sua concentração original com a adição de 25 g.L-1 de sacarose promoveu os melhores resultados na redução do crescimento das plantas in vitro do limoeiro ‘Rugoso da Flórida’, mantendo-as fisiologicamente sadias.
ABSTRACT: The establishment of minimum growth conditions is essential for in vitro germplasm conservation. Changes to the basic medium and carbon source concentrations are important factors for reducing plant growth in vitro. This study adjusted a protocol for the in vitro conservation of ‘Florida Rough’ lemon plants. Microcuttings (approximately 1 cm) from plants that were previously cultivated in vitro were inoculated into test tubes with 10 mL of woody plant medium (WPM) at different concentrations (1/1, 1/2 and 1/4) and supplemented with 0, 12.5, 25 and 50 g.L-1 of sucrose, solidified with 7 g.L-1 agar and adjusted to pH 5.8. The experiment was completely randomized in a 3 x 4 factorial design with 15 replications and was maintained under controlled conditions for 360 days. After this period the plant height in cm (PH), the plant dry mass in g (PDM) and the 21 numbers of green leaves (NGL), senescent leaves (NSL) and microcuttings (NM) were evaluated. The variables that best explained the observed behavior of the ‘Florida Rough’ lemon plants were NGL and PH, with values of 61.63 and 35.08%, respectively. The original concentration of the WPM with the addition of 25 g. L-1 of sucrose yielded the best ‘Florida Rough’ lemon plant growth reduction in vitro while maintaining the physiologically health of the plants.
14.
Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial – 2020
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Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba
; Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad
; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
; Mota-Gomes, Marco Antônio
; Brandão, Andréa Araujo
; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães
; Machado, Carlos Alberto
; Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo
; Amodeo, Celso
; Mion Júnior, Décio
; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte
; Nobre, Fernando
; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto
; Vilela-Martin, José Fernando
; Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos
; Magalhães, Maria Eliane Campos
; Neves, Mário Fritsch Toros
; Jardim, Paulo César Brandão Veiga
; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger
; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos
; Fuchs, Sandra C
; Alessi, Alexandre
; Lucena, Alexandre Jorge Gomes de
; Avezum, Alvaro
; Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima
; Pio-Abreu, Andrea
; Sposito, Andrei Carvalho
; Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo
; Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de
; Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza
; Nogueira, Armando da Rocha
; Dinamarco, Nelson
; Eibel, Bruna
; Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes
; Zanini, Claudia Regina de Oliveira
; Souza, Cristiane Bueno de
; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de
; Nilson, Eduardo Augusto Fernandes
; Costa, Elisa Franco de Assis
; Freitas, Elizabete Viana de
; Duarte, Elizabeth da Rosa
; Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid
; Lima Júnior, Emilton
; Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves
; Cesarino, Evandro José
; Marques, Fabiana
; Argenta, Fábio
; Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano
; Baptista, Fernanda Spadotto
; Almeida, Fernando Antonio de
; Borelli, Flávio Antonio de Oliveira
; Fuchs, Flávio Danni
; Plavnik, Frida Liane
; Salles, Gil Fernando
; Feitosa, Gilson Soares
; Silva, Giovanio Vieira da
; Guerra, Grazia Maria
; Moreno Júnior, Heitor
; Finimundi, Helius Carlos
; Back, Isabela de Carlos
; Oliveira Filho, João Bosco de
; Gemelli, João Roberto
; Mill, José Geraldo
; Ribeiro, José Marcio
; Lotaif, Leda A. Daud
; Costa, Lilian Soares da
; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha
; Drager, Luciano Ferreira
; Martin, Luis Cuadrado
; Scala, Luiz César Nazário
; Almeida, Madson Q.
; Gowdak, Marcia Maria Godoy
; Klein, Marcia Regina Simas Torres
; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar
; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
; Pinheiro, Maria Eliete
; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de
; Moreira Filho, Osni
; Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo
; Coelho, Otavio Rizzi
; Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira
; Ribeiro Junior, Renault Mattos
; Esporcatte, Roberto
; Franco, Roberto
; Pedrosa, Rodrigo
; Mulinari, Rogerio Andrade
; Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de
; Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos
; Rosa, Ronaldo Fernandes
; Amaral, Sandra Lia do
; Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião R.
; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel
; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga
; Guimarães, Vanildo
; Koch, Vera H.
; Oigman, Wille
; Nadruz, Wilson
.
https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201238
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15.
Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de
; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi
; Madalosso, Geraldine
; Costa, Selma Anequini
; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi
; Pino, Francisco Alberto
; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri
; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de
; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro
; Aires, Caroline Cotrim
; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes
; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz
; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco
; Aguiar, Breno Souza de
; Failla, Marcelo Antunes
; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos
; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão
; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos
; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e
; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira
; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos
; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino
; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira
; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau
; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da
; Glasser, Paula Regina
; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos
; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia
; Mello, Debora Silva de
; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes
; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki
; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro
; Braga, Elza de Santana
; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi
; Fracini, Wagner
; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila
; Zular, Paulete Secco
; Piva, Regiane de Santana
; Masi, Eduardo
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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