ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Analyze the impact of the state research-action project on immunization indicators (vaccination coverage – VC, homogeneity of vaccination coverage – HVC, dropout rate – DR, and risk rating) before and after the intervention in municipalities and priority Regional Health Administrations/Regional Health Superintendencies (RHA/RHS). METHODS The state research-action project was a before-after community clinical trial conducted in 212 municipalities belonging to eight RHA/RHS in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study sample comprised RHA/RHS with a decreasing trend for routine vaccination coverage in children under one year from 2015 to 2020. This study used secondary VC and DR data from 10 immunobiologicals recommended for children younger than two years from January to December 2021 (pre-intervention period, prior to the state research-action project) and from January to December 2022 (post-intervention period). The categorical variables were presented in proportions, and initially, a comparison was made between those of DR, HVC, and the risk rating for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases, according to the two periods (2021 and 2022), using the McNemar test. RESULTS All immunization indicators increased after conducting the research-action project. In 2021, 80.66% of the state’s municipalities had a risk rating for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases as “high and very high.” In 2022, the value reduced to 68.40%. CONCLUSIONS Risk rating for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases is an important mechanism to assist managers in defining priorities. The state research-action project used a method that enabled the construction and execution of unique action plans for each municipality, directing the improvement of immunization indicators in the state.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar o impacto do projeto estadual de pesquisa-ação nos indicadores de imunização (coberturas vacinais – CV, homogeneidade de cobertura vacinal – HCV, taxa de abandono – TA e classificação de risco) antes e após a intervenção em municípios e Gerências Regionais de Saúde/Superintendências Regionais de Saúde (GRS/SRS) prioritários. MÉTODOS O projeto estadual de pesquisa-ação foi um ensaio clínico comunitário, do tipo antes-depois, realizado em 212 municípios pertencentes a oito GRS/SRS do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Compuseram a amostra do estudo as SRS/GRS com tendência decrescente para a cobertura vacinal de rotina em crianças menores de 1 ano, no período de 2015 a 2020. Neste estudo, foram utilizados dados secundários de CV e TA de 10 imunobiológicos recomendados para crianças menores de 2 anos, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2021 (período pré-intervenção, anterior ao projeto estadual de pesquisa-ação) e de janeiro a dezembro de 2022 (período pós-intervenção). As variáveis categóricas foram apresentadas em proporções e, inicialmente, realizou-se a comparação entre as de TA, HCV e a classificação de risco para a transmissão de doenças imunopreveníveis, segundo os dois períodos (2021 e 2022), utilizando-se o teste McNemar. RESULTADOS Observou-se um aumento de todos os indicadores de imunização após a realização do projeto de pesquisa-ação. No ano de 2021, 80,66% dos municípios do estado tiveram a classificação de risco para transmissão de doenças imunopreveníveis como “alto e muito alto risco”. Em 2022, o valor foi reduzido para 68,40%. CONCLUSÕES A classificação de risco para transmissão de doenças imunopreveníveis é um mecanismo importante para auxiliar os gestores na definição de prioridades. O projeto estadual de pesquisa-ação empregou um método que possibilitou a construção e a execução de planos de ação singulares a cada município, direcionando a melhoria dos indicadores de imunização no estado.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the prevalence and characteristics associated with sarcopenia in elders in Primary Health Care Units. Methods: cross-sectional study with 384 elders. To evaluate sarcopenia, we measured: strength and muscle mass, and physical performance. The elderly were classified as having: probable sarcopenia; sarcopenia; or severe sarcopenia. The chi-squared test and the multinomial logistic regression method were used. Results: the prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 25.52%; of sarcopenia, 11.98%; and of severe sarcopenia, 9.90%. Probable sarcopenia is 1.75 times more prevalent in men; osteoporosis is 2.16 times more prevalent in people with severe sarcopenia; polypharmacy is 1.57 times more likely in individuals with probable sarcopenia; and calf circumference below 31 cm is 2.24 times more likely in patients with sarcopenia and 2.19 times more likely in patients with severe sarcopenia. Conclusions: the highest prevalence was of probable sarcopenia, and the characteristics associated with sarcopenia were sex, osteoporosis, polypharmacy, overweight, obesity, and calf circumference.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar prevalencia y características relacionadas a la sarcopenia en personas ancianas de Unidades de Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal, con 384 personas ancianas. Para evaluación de sarcopenia, medidos: fuerza y masa muscular, desempeño físico. Clasificadas personas ancianas con: sarcopenia probable; sarcopenia; y sarcopenia grave. Analizado con prueba chi cuadrado y método de regresión logística multinomial. Resultados: la prevalencia de probable sarcopenia fue de 25,52%; sarcopenia, 11,98%; y sarcopenia grave, 9,90%. Hombres son 1,75 vez más prevalentes en individuos con probable sarcopenia; osteoporosis es 2,16 veces más prevalente en la sarcopenia grave; polifarmacia, 1,57 vez más prevalente en la probable sarcopenia; circunferencia de los gemelos menor que 31 cm es 2,24 veces más prevalente en la sarcopenia y 2,19 veces en la sarcopenia grave. Conclusiones: Hubo mayor prevalencia de probable sarcopenia, y las características relacionadas a la sarcopenia fueron: sexo, osteoporosis, polifarmacia, sobrepeso, obesidad y circunferencia de los gemelos.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar a prevalência e as características associadas à sarcopenia em pessoas idosas de Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, com 384 pessoas idosas. Para avaliação de sarcopenia, mediu-se: força e massa muscular, desempenho físico. Classificaram se pessoas idosas com: sarcopenia provável; sarcopenia; e sarcopenia grave. Analisou-se com teste de qui quadrado e método de regressão logística multinomial. Resultados: a prevalência de provável sarcopenia foi de 25,52%; sarcopenia, 11,98%; e sarcopenia grave, 9,90%. Homens são 1,75 vez mais prevalentes em indivíduos com provável sarcopenia; osteoporose é 2,16 vezes mais prevalente na sarcopenia grave; polifarmácia, 1,57 vez mais prevalente na provável sarcopenia; circunferência da panturrilha menor que 31 cm é 2,24 vezes mais prevalente na sarcopenia e 2,19 vezes na sarcopenia grave. Conclusões: houve maior prevalência de provável sarcopenia, e as características associadas à sarcopenia foram: sexo, osteoporose, polifarmácia, sobrepeso, obesidade e circunferência da panturrilha.

Abstract Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is commonly related to acute kidney injury (AKI) and oxidative stress. Antioxidant agents are used to treat this condition. Lippia sidoides is a brazillian shrub with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Lippia sidoides ethanolic extract (LSEE) on in vivo and in vitro models of AKI induced by I/R. Male Wistar rats were submitted to unilateral nephrectomy and ischemia on contralateral kidney for 60 min via clamping followed by reperfusion for 48 h. They were divided into four groups: Sham, LSEE (sham-operated rats pre-treated with LSEE), I/R (rats submitted to ischemia) and I/R-LSEE (rats treated with LSEE before ischemia). Kidney tissues homogenates were used to determine stress parameters and nephrin expression. Plasma and urine samples were collected for biochemical analysis. I/R in vitro assays were evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays in Rhesus Monkey Kidney Epithelial Cells (LLC-MK2). The LSEE treatment prevented biochemical and nephrin expression alterations, as well as oxidative stress parameters. In the in vitro assay, LSEE protected against cell death, reduced the reactive oxygen species and increased mitochondrial transmembrane potential. LSEE showed biotechnological potential for a new phytomedicine as a nephroprotective agent.

Abstract This study evaluated physicochemical properties of experimental infiltrants after addition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAp) or 58S bioactive glass (BAG) and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI). The resin matrix was composed of TEGDMA/Bis-EMA (3:1), 0.5 mol% CQ, and 1 mol% EDAB. The blends received or not 0.5 mol% DPI and 10% wt BAG or HAp. Icon was used as commercial control. The groups were characterized by XRD, FT-IR spectrometry, and SEM before and after simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion for up to 7 days. Polymerization kinetics (n =3 ), water sorption and solubility (n=10), and viscosity (n = 3) were surveyed. For polymerization kinetics, the samples were polymerized for 5 min and the data were obtained from 40 s and 5 min. Statistical analysis was made using ANOVA and Tukey's test (a = 0.05). After 7 days of SBF immersion, XRD and FT-IR showed that the HAp crystalline phase was present only in the HAp groups. A lower degree of conversion (DC) and polymerization rate were observed for the Icon and BAG groups, whereas HAp showed higher values. For the BAG group, DPI increased polymerization rate and DC in 40 s. After 5 min, all groups presented DC above 80%. In groups with particles, the HAp groups exhibited higher viscosity, whereas DPI groups showed a decrease in viscosity. Icon had the highest water sorption. To conclude, BAG neither improved the physicochemical properties studied, nor did it show bioactive properties. The addition of DPI reduced viscosity caused by particle addition and also attenuated the DC decrease caused by BAG addition. The addition of bioactive particles to infiltrants should be seen with caution because they increase viscosity and may not bring major clinical improvements that justify their use. DPI might be indicated only if any component is added to the infiltrant to act as a compensation mechanism.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to assess the necessity of routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantations. Methods: A total of 327 liver transplants performed between 2014 and 2016 was included in the analysis. Patient data, including pre-transplant examinations, intraoperative red blood cell transfusions, and procedural information, were collected. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 years old, with 67% (219) being male. The most prevalent ABO blood type was O, accounting for 48% (155) of cases. The leading causes of liver disease were hepatitis C (113 cases, 34.6%) and alcohol-related liver disease (97 cases, 29.7%). Out of the 327 liver transplants, allogeneic red blood cell transfusions were administered in 110 cases (34%) with a median of two units of red blood cells per case. Cell salvage was employed in 237 transplants (73%), and successful blood recovery was achieved in 221 cases (93%). Among the group that recovered more than 200 mL of blood, the median volume of recovered blood was 417 mL, with no transfusion of allogeneic blood required. A total of 90 transplants was performed without utilizing cell salvage, and, among these cases, 19 required blood transfusions, with a median of zero units transfused. Conclusions: This study suggests that routine cell salvage is unnecessary for all liver transplantations. The most suitable indication for its use is in patients presenting with portal vein thrombosis and abnormal creatinine levels.

Resumo Introdução O Sistema Único de Saúde tem passado por diversas mudanças, assim, diante do desafio de formação dos profissionais da saúde, o Ministério da Saúde instituiu a Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS), e a Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) passou a ser uma estratégia de transformação. Objetivo Analisar a percepção dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) sobre a PNEPS. Método Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e qualitativo, realizado no município de Fortaleza-CE. A população-alvo foram os CDs da Estratégia Saúde da Família (n = 173). Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário. A caracterização dos sujeitos da pesquisa foi realizada através do cálculo de frequência absoluta e percentual. Para avaliar as questões discursivas utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados A idade média da amostragem foi de 38.8 anos (±8.6), e o tempo de formação de 16.0 anos (±7.4). A maioria dos entrevistados eram do gênero feminino (74,6%) e casados (72,8%). As categorias encontradas foram: necessidade de atividades de EPS, aprendizagem significativa, trabalho em equipe, e Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs). Conclusão A EPS deve ser significativa, discutindo as dificuldades referentes ao trabalho em equipe. Dessa forma, sugere-se a utilização das TDICs para o desenvolvimento das atividades.

Abstract Background The Brazilian Unified Health System has undergone several changes, and accordingly, when confronted with the challenge of training health professionals, the Brazilian Ministry of Health instituted the National Policy for Permanent Education in Health (PNEPS, Portuguese acronym for Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde), hence, the Permanent Education in Health (EPS) became a transformational strategy. Objective To analyze the perception of dental surgeons (DS) regarding the PNEPS. Method This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional and qualitative study, carried out in the city of Fortaleza-Ce. The target population were the DSs of the Family Health Strategy (n=173). The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The characterization of the research subjects was performed through absolute and relative frequency. To assess the discursive questions, Bardin’s content analysis was used. Results: The average age was 38.8 years (±8.6), and the average years of schooling was 16.0 years (±7.4). Most respondents were female (74.6%) and married (72.8%). The categories found were: demand for EPS activities, meaningful learning, teamwork, and Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICTs). Conclusion The EPS should be substantial, discussing the difficulties related to teamwork. Therefore, the use of the DICTs is recommended for the development of activities.

Resumo Objetivou-se medir a prevalência de autopercepção negativa da saúde e sintomas depressivos em idosos segundo a presença de incontinência urinária, após nove anos de acompanhamento. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo de base populacional intitulado Saúde do Idoso Gaúcho de Bagé, no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram entrevistados 1.593 idosos no estudo de linha de base (2008) e 735 entre setembro de 2016 e agosto de 2017. A exposição “incontinência urinária (IU)” foi avaliada no estudo de linha de base e os desfechos “autopercepção negativa da saúde” e “sintomas depressivos” em 2016/17. A razão de odds e o intervalo de confiança de 95% foram calculados com regressão logística bruta e ajustada para variáveis demográficas, sociais, comportamentais e de condições de saúde. A prevalência de IU foi 20,7% em 2008 e 24,5% em 2016/17; a incidência foi de 19,8%, sendo 23,8% entre as mulheres e 14,6% entre os homens (p = 0,009). Idosos com IU no estudo de linha de base apresentaram chances 4,0 (IC95%:1,8-8,8) e 3,4 (IC95%:1,8-6,2) vezes maior de desenvolver autopercepção negativa da saúde e sintomas depressivos, respectivamente, após nove anos de acompanhamento, comparados àqueles sem IU. Os resultados evidenciam maior chance de problemas mentais entre idosos com IU.

Abstract The scope of this study was to measure the prevalence of negative self-perceived health and depressive symptoms in elderly adults according to the presence of urinary incontinence, after a follow-up of nine years. This is a prospective population-based cohort study entitled Bagé Cohort Study of Aging, from Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 1,593 elderly adults were interviewed in the baseline study (2008) and 735 between September 2016 and August 2017. The “urinary incontinence (UI)” exposure was assessed in the baseline study and the outcomes “negative self-perceived health” and “depressive symptoms” in 2016/17. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated by Logistic Regression and adjusted for demographic, social, behavioral and health conditions. The prevalence of UI was 20.7% in 2008 and 24.5% in 2016/17; the incidence was 19.8%, being 23.8% among women and 14.6% among men (p = 0.009). Elderly adults with UI at the baseline study had a 4.0 (CI95%: 1.8-8.8) and a 3.4 (CI95%: 1.8-6.2) greater chance to develop negative self-perception of health and depressive symptoms, respectively, after nine years of follow-up, compared to those without UI. The results show a greater probability of mental problems among elderly adults with UI.

Resumo Objetivou-se medir a prevalência de autopercepção negativa da saúde e sintomas depressivos em idosos segundo a presença de incontinência urinária, após nove anos de acompanhamento. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo de base populacional intitulado Saúde do Idoso Gaúcho de Bagé, no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram entrevistados 1.593 idosos no estudo de linha de base (2008) e 735 entre setembro de 2016 e agosto de 2017. A exposição “incontinência urinária (IU)” foi avaliada no estudo de linha de base e os desfechos “autopercepção negativa da saúde” e “sintomas depressivos” em 2016/17. A razão de odds e o intervalo de confiança de 95% foram calculados com regressão logística bruta e ajustada para variáveis demográficas, sociais, comportamentais e de condições de saúde. A prevalência de IU foi 20,7% em 2008 e 24,5% em 2016/17; a incidência foi de 19,8%, sendo 23,8% entre as mulheres e 14,6% entre os homens (p = 0,009). Idosos com IU no estudo de linha de base apresentaram chances 4,0 (IC95%:1,8-8,8) e 3,4 (IC95%:1,8-6,2) vezes maior de desenvolver autopercepção negativa da saúde e sintomas depressivos, respectivamente, após nove anos de acompanhamento, comparados àqueles sem IU. Os resultados evidenciam maior chance de problemas mentais entre idosos com IU.

Abstract The scope of this study was to measure the prevalence of negative self-perceived health and depressive symptoms in elderly adults according to the presence of urinary incontinence, after a follow-up of nine years. This is a prospective population-based cohort study entitled Bagé Cohort Study of Aging, from Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 1,593 elderly adults were interviewed in the baseline study (2008) and 735 between September 2016 and August 2017. The “urinary incontinence (UI)” exposure was assessed in the baseline study and the outcomes “negative self-perceived health” and “depressive symptoms” in 2016/17. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated by Logistic Regression and adjusted for demographic, social, behavioral and health conditions. The prevalence of UI was 20.7% in 2008 and 24.5% in 2016/17; the incidence was 19.8%, being 23.8% among women and 14.6% among men (p = 0.009). Elderly adults with UI at the baseline study had a 4.0 (CI95%: 1.8-8.8) and a 3.4 (CI95%: 1.8-6.2) greater chance to develop negative self-perception of health and depressive symptoms, respectively, after nine years of follow-up, compared to those without UI. The results show a greater probability of mental problems among elderly adults with UI.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o perfil das pessoas com estomias intestinais e/ou urinárias acompanhadas em serviço de estomaterapia, conforme variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 90 usuários do serviço de estomaterapia. A coleta foi realizada de janeiro a fevereiro de 2020, por meio de dois instrumentos: COH-QOL-Ostomy, adaptado e traduzido para o contexto brasileiro; e City of Hope Quality of Life – Ostomy Questionnaire, instrumento original com questionário elaborado pelas próprias pesquisadoras, contemplando os aspectos sociodemográfico e clínico. Esses dados foram transferidos e organizados no Software Statistical Package for the Social Science, versão 22. Resultados Foram identificados quatro grupos distintos. No cluster 1, o grupo possui de duas a três complicações associadas ao estoma e 52,9% possuem colostomia. No cluster 2, 45% não apresentam nenhuma complicação e 70% têm urostomia. Já no cluster 3, a totalidade do grupo apresenta uma complicação e colostomia. E no cluster 4, nenhum participante do grupo apresenta complicação e todos têm colostomia. Conclusão e implicações para a prática O estudo proporcionou a geração de dados que podem auxiliar no planejamento do trabalho desenvolvido pelas equipes de saúde junto aos pacientes estomizados.

Abstract Objective To analyze the profile of people with intestinal and/or urinary ostomies followed up in a stomatherapy service, according to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 90 users of the stomatherapy service. Data collection was carried out from January to February 2020, using two instruments: COH-QOL-Ostomy, adapted and translated to the Brazilian context; and City of Hope Quality of Life – Ostomy Questionnaire, an original instrument with a questionnaire prepared by the researchers themselves, considering the sociodemographic and clinical aspects. These data were transferred and organized in the Statistical Package for Social Science Software, version 22. Results Four distinct clusters were identified. In cluster 1, the group has two to three complications associated with the stoma and 52.9% have a colostomy. In cluster 2, 45% have no complications and 70% have urostomy. In cluster 3, the entire group presents a complication and colostomy. And in cluster 4, none of the participants in the group have complications and all have a colostomy. Conclusion and implications for practice The study provided the generation of data that can help in planning the work developed by the health teams with ostomy patients.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el perfil de las personas con ostomías intestinales y/o urinarias seguidas en un servicio de estomaterapia, según variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Método Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 90 usuarios del servicio de Estomaterapia. La recolección de datos se realizó de enero a febrero de 2020, utilizando dos instrumentos: COH-QOL-Ostomy, adaptado y traducido al contexto brasileño; y City of Hope Quality of Life – Ostomy Questionnaire, instrumento original con cuestionario elaborado por las propias investigadoras, considerando aspectos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Estos datos se transfirieron y organizaron en Software Statistical Package for the Social Science, versión 22. Resultados Se identificaron cuatro clústeres distintos. En el clúster 1, el grupo tiene de dos a tres complicaciones asociadas con estoma y el 52,9% tiene una colostomía. En el grupo 2, el 45% no presenta complicaciones y el 70% tiene urostomía. En el clúster 3, todo el grupo presenta complicación y colostomía. Y en el clúster 4, ninguno de los participantes del grupo tiene complicaciones y todos tienen una colostomía. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica El estudio generó datos que pueden ayudar a planificar el trabajo que desarrollan los equipos de salud con pacientes ostomizados.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o efeito da intervenção breve na motivação para mudança do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. Método: estudo experimental, de follow-up, realizado com 43 participantes em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Foi aplicado o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, a Régua de Prontidão para Mudança e um questionário socioeconômico. Resultados: o grupo experimental apresentou mediana igual a 10 pontos (fase de manutenção) no início e após 30 dias. No segmento, mediana igual a oito pontos (estágio de ação). O grupo- controle, mediana igual a oito pontos no início e após 30 dias (fase de ação). No segmento, a mediana igual a sete pontos (fase de planejamento). Na avaliação intermediária de 30 dias, notou-se que houve diferença estatística na motivação entre os dois grupos (p=0,029). Conclusão: concluiu-se que a Intervenção Breve foi eficaz para manter a motivação nos estágios de ação e manutenção da mudança no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the effect of brief intervention on motivation to change alcohol consumption. Method: experimental, follow-up study, conducted with 43 participants in two Basic Health Units. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Change Readiness Ruler, and a socioeconomic questionnaire were applied. Results: The experimental group showed a median equal to 10 points (maintenance stage) at the beginning and after 30 days. In the segment, the median was equal to eight points (action stage). The control group had a median equal to eight points at the beginning and after 30 days (action stage). In the segment, median equal to seven points (planning stage). In the 30-day intermediate evaluation, it was noted that there was a statistical difference in motivation between the two groups (p=0.029). Conclusion: it was concluded that the Brief Intervention was effective in maintaining motivation in the stages of action and maintenance of change in the consumption of alcoholic drinks.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el efecto de una intervención breve sobre la motivación para el cambio en el consumo de alcohol. Método: Estudio experimental, de seguimiento, realizado con 43 participantes en dos Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se aplicó el Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, la Regla de Disposición al Cambio y un cuestionario socioeconómico. Resultados: el grupo experimental mostró una mediana igual a 10 puntos (fase de mantenimiento) al principio y después de 30 días. En el segmento, la mediana era igual a ocho puntos (etapa de acción). El grupo de control tenía una mediana igual a ocho puntos al principio y después de 30 días (etapa de acción). En el segmento, la mediana es igual a siete puntos (fase de planificación). En la evaluación intermedia de 30 días, se observó que había una diferencia estadística en la motivación entre los dos grupos (p=0,029). Conclusión: se concluyó que la Intervención Breve fue eficaz para mantener la motivación en las etapas de acción y mantenimiento del cambio en el consumo de alcohol.

Abstract Curcumin, contained at Turmeric (Curcumalonga), can exert many beneficial pleiotropic activities in the gastrointestinal tract. This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of C. longa on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis (OM) in hamsters. Phytochemical analysis of crude C. longa extract (CLE) was performed to detect the presence of curcumin by TLC and HPLC. Golden Syrian hamsters were orally pre-treated with CLE (5, 50, or 100mg/kg). Cheek pouch samples were subjected to macroscopic and histopathological evaluation. ELISA was performed to quantify the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis. Behavior analysis was conducted by the open field test. Curcumin content in the CLE was 0.55%m/m ± 0.0161 (2.84%). The group treated with 5mg/kg CLE showed healing evidence with macroscopic absence of ulceration (p<0.05) and microscopic aspect of re-epithelialization, discrete inflammatory infiltrate and absence of edema. Treatment with 5mg/kg CLE significantly increased GSH levels, and reduced MDA levels and SOD activity (p˂0.05), and decreased IL-1β (p˂0.05) and TNF-α (p˂0.01) levels. A significant reduction in walking distance, ambulation, speed, and rearing was observed for motor activity. Curcumin reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and motor activity in hamsters with 5-FU-induced OM.

Abstract Effects were assessed of the dilutants TRIS and ACP - 101c® with the addition of different guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) egg yolk concentrations. Fifteen ejaculates were collected from five goats of the Anglo Nubian breed. The ejaculates were pooled and then divided into 12 groups, two control groups (GC1 TRIS, with 2.5% Gallus gallus domesticus hen egg yolk GOGD), (GC2 Control Group ACP - 101c®, with the addition of 2.5% Gallus gallus domesticus hen egg yolk GOGD) and ten experimental groups (EG), containing TRIS and ACP added with different concentrations of egg yolk from guinea hen (Numida meleagris) (TRIS 2,5% GONM; TRIS 5% GONM; TRIS 10% GONM; TRIS 15% GONM; TRIS 20% GONM; ACP® 2,5% GONM; ACP® 5% GONM; ACP® 10% GONM; ACP® 15% GONM; ACP® 20% GONM). Then cryopreservation was carried out and the samples stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). After seven days, the samples were thawed and assessed for spermatic kinetics, immunofluorescence and sperm morphology. Analysis of GOMN by the CASA system showed that the various parameters were similar to those of GOGD (P>0.05). The membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential and the acrosome were not influenced by the treatment (P>0.05) nor by the dilutant used for cryopreservation (P>0.05). The spermatic morphology was also preserved by the different GOGD and GONM concentrations in the ACP® and TRIS dilutants, with no statistically significant differences (P<0.05). It was concluded that Numida meleagris egg yolk, as external membrane cryoproctant added to the dilutants ACP-101c® and TRIS, improved goat semen quality.

RESUMO Objetivos: desenvolver e testar um jogo de tabuleiro para prevenção de quedas em idosos da comunidade. Métodos: estudo descritivo, realizado através da utilização dos elementos do design de jogos (narrativa, mecânica, estética e tecnologia), do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde, da avaliação por especialistas e testagem com pessoas idosas. Para avaliação, utilizou-se o Índice de Concordância, considerando-o maior que 80%. Resultados: desenvolveram-se três protótipos e a versão final. A narrativa do jogo foi embasada no modelo de promoção, compreendendo aspectos individuais, benefícios e barreiras no comportamento para prevenção de quedas. A mecânica delineou objetivos e regras. A estética abrangeu layout e ilustrações. A tecnologia envolveu tabuleiro, cartas, pino, roleta e manual de instrução. O jogo foi avaliado por 36 especialistas e 31 idosas da comunidade, com índice de concordância de 93,22% e 99%, respectivamente. Conclusões: o jogo desenvolvido e testado foi considerado uma estratégia educacional adequada para prevenção de quedas.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and test a board game for fall prevention in older adults in the community. Methods: a descriptive study, carried out through the use of game design elements (narrative, mechanics, aesthetics and technology), the Health Promotion Model, assessment by experts and testing with older adults. For assessment, the Concordance Index was used, considering it greater than 80%. Results: three prototypes and the final version were developed. The game’s narrative was based on promotion model, comprising individual aspects, benefits and barriers in behavior to prevent falls. The mechanics outlined goals and rules. Aesthetics encompassed layout and illustrations. The technology involved board, cards, pin, roulette and instruction manual. The game was assessed by 36 experts and 31 older women from the community, with a Concordance Index of 93.22% and 99%, respectively. Conclusions: the game developed and tested was considered an adequate educational strategy for fall prevention.

RESUMEN Objetivos: desarrollar y probar un juego de mesa para la prevención de caídas en ancianos de la comunidad. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, realizado mediante el uso de elementos de diseño de juegos (narrativa, mecánica, estética y tecnología), el Modelo de Promoción de la Salud, evaluación por expertos y testeo con ancianos. Para la evaluación se utilizó el Índice de Concordancia, considerándose mayor al 80%. Resultados: se desarrollaron tres prototipos y la versión final. La narrativa del juego se basó en el modelo de promoción, que comprende aspectos individuales, beneficios y barreras en el comportamiento para prevenir caídas. La mecánica delineó objetivos y reglas. La estética abarcó el diseño y las ilustraciones. La tecnología involucró tablero, cartas, pin, ruleta y manual de instrucciones. El juego fue evaluado por 36 expertos y 31 ancianas de la comunidad, con un Índice de Concordancia de 93,22% y 99%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: el juego desarrollado y probado fue considerado una estrategia educativa adecuada para la prevención de caídas.

ABSTRACT Background: Depression is a highly disabling common mental disorder and, due to its multifactorial nature, the development of effective therapies is challenging and of great relevance. Ayahuasca (AYA), an entheogenic traditional beverage, has emerged as an alternative for antidepressant treatment, however, AYA preclinical and clinical trials are still incipient. Objectives: This investigation aimed to evaluate some behavioral and biochemical effects of AYA subchronic administration in rats submitted to a model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Methods: 500 mg/kg of AYA was administered in adult male rats once a day for 15 days before submitting the animals to UCMS. Anhedonia-like and locomotion behavior, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and sulfhydryl/nitrite content were evaluated. Results: AYA intake failed to prevent anhedonia-like behavior. Locomotion was not altered by AYA consumption or by the experimental condition. UCMS increased TBARS and nitrites levels, decreased the levels of catalase in the cerebral cortex and of Sulfhydryl in the hippocampus. AYA treatment counteracted these biochemical alterations but did not display any alterations in non-stressed rats. Conclusions: Taken together, results indicate an adaptogenic antioxidant molecular mechanism of AYA in relation to depression induced by stress.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To verify the scientific evidence on the association between Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Central Auditory Processing Disorder in children, aiming to answer the following research question: What is the association between Autistic Spectrum and Alteration of Auditory Processing in Children? METHODS: Studies were chosen through the combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH): [(auditory processing) and (children) and (autism) and (neurological disorders)]. The MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, and SciELO databases were used. The analyzed papers covered a ten-year period, from 2010 to 2020. We selected descriptive, cross-sectional, cohort, and case studies. We evaluated the quality of the papers, which had a minimum score of six in the modified scale of the literature. RESULTS: 126 papers were retrieved after the exclusion phase, and 17 of them followed the inclusion criteria. Only two papers answered the guiding question with audiological results. CONCLUSIONS: Patients diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder may have disturbance central auditory processing, considering that changes were found both in absolute and interpeak latencies in the brainstem evoked response audiometry, as well as in latency and laterality of the N1c wave amplitude. In addition, there were changes in the assessment behavioral auditory processing. Thus, disturbance central auditory processing is common in children with autistic spectrum disorder.