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BACKGROUND Eosinophils are granulocytes that rapidly increase frequency in the bloodstream during helminthic infections and allergic responses. They are found in tissue infected by Leishmania during early disease, but their role during infection is not entirely understood. OBJECTIVES We aim to compare the disease due to Leishmania amazonensis in BALB/c and Δdbl-GATA1 mice, which lack eosinophils. METHODS BALB/c and Δdbl-GATA1 mice infected with L. amazonensis were observed for several weeks. The parasite load and dissemination pattern were assessed. FINDINGS The Δdbl-GATA1 mice developed an anticipated dissemination of L. amazonensis and a worsening disease. No differences were found in the lesion development or the parasite load in the footpad among Δdbl-GATA1 mice and BALB/c eight weeks after infection. However, nine weeks after infection, massive growth of metastatic lesions appeared in several parts of the skin in Δdbl-GATA1 mice, weeks earlier than BALB/c. We observed increased parasites in the bloodstream, probably an essential dissemination route. Thirteen weeks after infection, metastatic lesions were found in all Δdbl-GATA1 mice. MAIN CONCLUSION These results suggest a protective role of eosinophils in delaying the disease caused by L. amazonensis, although several limitations of this mice strain must be considered.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220242

Occurrence of avian reovirus and picobirnavirus in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Brazilian Amazon
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PEREIRA, Diego

; SOUTO, Lizandra Caroline dos Santos

; GUERRA, Sylvia de Fátima dos Santos

; PENHA-JÚNIOR, Edvaldo Tavares da

; LOBO, Patrícia dos Santos

; SOARES, Luana da Silva

; PINHEIRO, Helder Henrique Costa

; CHAGAS, Elaine Hellen Nunes

; GUIMARÃES, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e

; RAMOS, Bruna Alves

; CHAGAS, Liliane Leal das

; FREITAS, Maria Nazaré Oliveira

; FURTADO, Erilene Cristina da Silva

; RODRIGUES, Jéssica Cecília Pinheiro

; CASSEB, Alexandre do Rosário

; MARTINS, Lívia Caricio

; MASCARENHAS, Joana D’Arc Pereira

Acta Amazonica

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2024, Volume 54 N. 1 elocation e54hs23012

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. The present study reports ARV and PBV occurrence in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Amazon biome, in Pará state, Brazil. We obtained 155 fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0.6% (1/155), being positive in an individual of Myrmotherula longipennis, and PBV prevalence was 1.29% (2/155), affecting two individuals of Guira guira. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. This is the first study on ARV detection in wild birds in Brazil and the first report on the occurrence of PBV in wild Guira guira. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon.

RESUMO As aves silvestres têm grande destaque na transmissão de doenças ao homem, principalmente pela facilidade de acesso à população humana, levantando preocupações sobre o potencial impacto dessa proximidade no contexto da saúde pública. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de ARV e PBV em aves silvestres de uma área de proteção ambiental no bioma Amazônico. Obtivemos 155 espécimes fecais de 47 espécies de aves silvestres, que foram submetidos a extração de RNA, detecção de ARV e PBV por técnicas moleculares, sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. A prevalência de infecção por ARV foi 0,6% (1/155), sendo positivo em um indivíduo de Myrmotherula longipennis, e a prevalência de PBV foi 1,29% (2/155), afetando dois insdivíduos de Guira guira. A análise filogenética agrupou as cepas de PBV no genogrupo I, mostrando intensa relação filogenética com cepas isoladas de outras regiões geográficas. A cepa de ARV esteve mais relacionada filogeneticamente a cepas previamente circulantes na mesma região. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre detecção de ARV em aves silvestres no Brasil e o primeiro relato sobre a ocorrência de PBV em Guira guira. A circulação de ARV e PBV nesse ambiente demonstra que os ciclos desses agentes estão ocorrendo de forma natural no ecossistema silvestre, o que pode desencadear possíveis eventos de transmissão entre as espécies aviárias e humanos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para determinar a epidemiologia, origem, evolução e surgimento de novos vírus potencialmente patogênicos na Amazônia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202300120

Welding parameters process study of non-metallic expansion joints polymeric composite
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Manfrinato, Marcos Dorigão

; Leite, Eduardo de Campos

; Pavani, Rafael Roberto

; Pereira, Henrique Boschetti

; Silva, Lucas Camargo Soares Carvalho da

; Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi

Polímeros

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2024, Volume 34 N. 1 elocation e20240002

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Polymeric composite materials, presenting a practical solution for sealing non-metallic expansion joints under extreme conditions such as high temperatures and harsh chemical and physical abrasion, were investigated in this scientific study to discern the impact of welding parameters on their degradation and properties. The study entailed the bonding of polymeric composite blankets through hot plate pressing with a PTFE film, encompassing variations in temperature, duration, and load application. The findings elucidated that lower temperatures and shorter processing times failed to achieve optimal blanket adhesion, while higher temperatures led to material degradation, subsequently diminishing the mechanical strength of the welded joint. In contrast, extended processing times and the application of load during welding demonstrated a positive correlation, enhancing the mechanical strength of the joint by ameliorating interfacial adhesion. This research underscores the critical significance of carefully selecting welding parameters to ensure the peak performance and durability of polymeric composite structures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.20230004

Knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding domestic violence against women: a systematic review
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Nascimento, Cláudio Tarso de Jesus Santos

; Vidigal, Maria Tereza Campos

; Oliveira, Vinícius Henrique Ferreira Pereira de

; Franco, Raquel Porto Alegre Valente

; Vieira, Walbert Andrade

; de-Jesus-Soares, Adriana

; Lima, Rafael Rodrigues

; Franco, Ademir

; Paranhos, Luiz Renato

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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2024, Volume 142 N. 3 elocation e2022682

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS: The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0682.r1.180723

Use of surgical videos available on social media among retina surgeons: results of a vitreoretinal specialist survey
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Lucatto, Luiz Filipe Adami

; Barbosa, Gabriel Castilho Sandoval

; Prazeres, Juliana Moura Bastos

; Cardoso, Emmerson Badaró

; Guerra, Ricardo Luz Leitão

; Lima, Luiz Henrique Soares Gonçalves de

; Rodrigues, Eduardo Büchele

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2024, Volume 87 N. 4 elocation e2022-0166

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to assess and interpret how vitreoretinal surgeons use surgical videos available on social media as complementary learning tools to improve, review, or update their abilities, considering their different levels of expertise. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, an online survey was sent to vitreoretinal specialists and fellows. Results: This survey included 258 participants, of whom 53.88% had been in practice for >10 years (senior surgeons), 29.07% between 4 and 10 years (young surgeons), and 17.05% for <3 years (surgeons in training). Retinal surgical videos available on social media were used by 98.84% of the participants (95% confidence interval, 97.52%-100%). YouTube (91%) was the most common source of videos, and surgeons in training watched more videos on YouTube than senior surgeons. Regarding the preferred method when preparing for a procedure, 49.80% of the participants watched surgical videos available on social media, 26.27% preferred to “consult colleagues”, and 18.82% preferred to seek information in scientific articles. Participants valued the most the “image quality” (88%) and presence of “surgical tips and tricks” (85%). Conclusion: Surgical videos can provide benefits in acquiring strategic skills, such as decision-making, surgical planning, and situational awareness. Retina surgeons used them as teaching aids regardless of their level of expertise, despite being relatively more valuable to surgeons in training or young surgeons.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e interpretar como os cirurgiões vitreorretinianos utilizam os vídeos cirúrgicos disponíveis nas mídias sociais como ferramentas complementares de aprendizagem para melhorar, revisar ou atualizar suas habilidades, considerando seus diferentes níveis de especialização. Métodos: Nesta pesquisa transversal, um survey online foi enviado à especialistas e aprendizes na área vítreo-retiniana. Resultados: Esta pesquisa incluiu 258 participantes, dos quais 53,88% atuavam há mais de 10 anos (cirurgiões seniores), 29,07% entre 4 e 10 anos (cirurgiões jovens) e 17,05% há menos de 3 anos (cirurgiões em treinamento). Vídeos cirúrgicos de retina nas mídias sociais foram usados por 98,84% dos participantes (intervalo de confiança de 95%, 97,52%-100%). A fonte mais comum de acesso aos vídeos foi o YouTube (91%), e o grupo de cirurgiões com menos de 3 anos de experiência assistiu mais vídeos no YouTube em comparação aos cirurgiões seniores. Assistir a vídeos cirúrgicos nas redes sociais foi o método preferido na preparação para um procedimento para 49,80% dos participantes versus 26,27% que preferiram “consultar colegas” e 18,82% que preferiram buscar informações em artigos científicos. A “qualidade de imagem” (88%) e a presença de “dicas e truques cirúrgicos” (85%) foram as características dos vídeos mais valorizadas pelos participantes. Conclusão: O uso de vídeos cirúrgicos pode trazer benefícios na aquisição de habilidades estratégicas, como tomada de decisão, planejamento cirúrgico e consciência situacional. Sua aplicação como auxiliar de ensino foi utilizada por cirurgiões de retina independentemente de seu nível de especialização, apesar de ser relativamente mais valioso para cirurgiões em formação ou com menos de 10 anos de experiência.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2022-0166

Outcomes of critically ill pregnant COVID-19 patients: a cohort study
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Soares, Pedro Henrique Rigotti

; Sebben Filho, Cesar Antônio

; Escobar, Rafaela Doebber

; Botega, Leonardo Bianchet

; Petry, Laura Rodolpho

; Nedel, Wagner Luís

Critical Care Science

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dec 2023, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 411 - 412

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230222-en

Posicionamento do Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre o Uso do Strain Miocárdico na Rotina do Cardiologista – 2023
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Almeida, André Luiz Cerqueira

; Melo, Marcelo Dantas Tavares de

; Bihan, David Costa de Souza Le

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Pena, José Luiz Barros

; Del Castillo, José Maria

; Abensur, Henry

; Hortegal, Renato de Aguiar

; Otto, Maria Estefania Bosco

; Piveta, Rafael Bonafim

; Dantas, Maria Rosa

; Assef, Jorge Eduardo

; Beck, Adenalva Lima de Souza

; Santo, Thais Harada Campos Espirito

; Silva, Tonnison de Oliveira

; Salemi, Vera Maria Cury

; Rocon, Camila

; Lima, Márcio Silva Miguel

; Barberato, Silvio Henrique

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara

; Rabschkowisky, Arnaldo

; Frota, Daniela do Carmo Rassi

; Gripp, Eliza de Almeida

; Barretto, Rodrigo Bellio de Mattos

; Silva, Sandra Marques e

; Cauduro, Sanderson Antonio

; Pinheiro, Aurélio Carvalho

; Araujo, Salustiano Pereira de

; Tressino, Cintia Galhardo

; Silva, Carlos Eduardo Suaide

; Monaco, Claudia Gianini

; Paiva, Marcelo Goulart

; Fisher, Cláudio Henrique

; Alves, Marco Stephan Lofrano

; Grau, Cláudia R. Pinheiro de Castro

; Santos, Maria Veronica Camara dos

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Morhy, Samira Saady

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Soares, Andressa Mussi

; Cruz, Cecilia Beatriz Bittencourt Viana

; Guimarães Filho, Fabio Villaça

; Assunção, Bruna Morhy Borges Leal

; Fernandes, Rafael Modesto

; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães

; Tsutsui, Jeane Mike

; Soares, Fábio Luis de Jesus

; Falcão, Sandra Nívea dos Reis Saraiva

; Hotta, Viviane Tiemi

; Armstrong, Anderson da Costa

; Hygidio, Daniel de Andrade

; Miglioranza, Marcelo Haertel

; Camarozano, Ana Cristina

; Lopes, Marly Maria Uellendahl

; Cerci, Rodrigo Julio

; Siqueira, Maria Eduarda Menezes de

; Torreão, Jorge Andion

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Felix, Alex

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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dec 2023, Volume 120 N. 12 elocation e20230646

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20230646

Intracranial hemorrhages in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review of the literature, regarding six cases in an Amazonian population
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Lima, William de Sousa

; Soares, Marcelo Henrique Pereira

; Paschoal, Eric Homero Albuquerque

; Paschoal, Joelma Karin Sagica Fernandes

; Paschoal Jr., Fernando Mendes

; Bor-Seng-Shu, Edson

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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nov 2023, Volume 81 N. 11 Pages 989 - 999

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a public health emergency worldwide, predominantly affecting the respiratory tract. However, evidence supports the involvement of extrapulmonary sites, including reports of intracranial hemorrhages. Objective To describe six original cases and review the literature on intracranial hemorrhages in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by molecular methods. Methods A systematic literature review was performed on MEDLINE, PubMed, and NCBI electronic databases to identify eligible studies. Of the total 1,624 articles retrieved, only 53 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results The overall incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was 0.26%. In this patient group, the mean age was 60 years, and the majority were male (68%) with initial respiratory symptoms (73%) and some comorbidity. Before the diagnosis of hemorrhage, 43% of patients were using anticoagulants, 47.3% at therapeutic doses. The intraparenchymal (50%) was the most affected compartment, followed by the subarachnoid (34%), intraventricular (11%), and subdural (7%). There was a predominance of lobar over non-lobar topographies. Multifocal or multicompartmental hemorrhages were described in 25% of cases. Overall mortality in the cohort studies was 44%, while around 55% of patients were discharged from hospital. Conclusion Despite the unusual association, the combination of these two diseases is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity, as well as more severe clinicoradiological presentations. Further studies are needed to provide robust evidence on the exact pathophysiology behind the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhages after COVID-19 infection.

Resumo Antecedentes A COVID-19 emergiu como uma emergência de saúde pública em todo o mundo, proporcionando lesão principalmente do trato respiratório. No entanto, várias evidências apontam para acometimento de sítios extrapulmonares, incluindo relatos de hemorragias intracranianas. Objetivo Descrever seis casos originais e revisar a literatura sobre hemorragias intracranianas em pacientes com diagnostico de COVID-19 por métodos moleculares. Métodos A revisão sistemática da literatura foi feita nas bases de dados eletrônicas da MEDLINE, PubMed e NCBI para identificar os estudos elegíveis. Do total de 1.624 artigos recuperados, apenas 53 artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados A incidência geral de hemorragia intracraniana nos pacientes internados por COVID-19 foi de 0,26%. A média de idade foi de 60 anos, e a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (68%) com sintomas respiratórios iniciais (73%) e alguma comorbidade. Antes do diagnóstico de hemorragia, 43% estavam em uso de anticoagulantes, 47,3% destes em doses terapêuticas. O compartimento mais acometido foi o intraparenquimatoso (50%), seguido do subaracnoideo (34%), intraventricular (11%) e subdural (7%). Houve predomínio de topografias lobares sobre as não-lobares. Hemorragias multifocais ou multicompartimentais foram descritas em 25% dos casos. A mortalidade geral nos estudos de coorte foi de 44%, enquanto houve alta hospitalar em cerca de 55% dos pacientes. Conclusão Apesar da associação incomum, a combinação dessas doenças está relacionada com altas taxas de mortalidade e morbidade, bem como apresentações clínico-radiológicas mais graves. Mais estudos são necessários para oferecer evidências robustas sobre a fisiopatologia exata por trás da ocorrência de hemorragias intracranianas após infecção por COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772834

Comorbidades e saúde mental dos trabalhadores da saúde no Brasil. O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19
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Guimarães-Teixeira, Eleny

; Machado, Antônio Vieira

; Lopes Neto, David

; Costa, Lilian Soares da

; Garrido, Paulo Henrique Scrivano

; Aguiar Filho, Wilson

; Soares, Rayane de Souza

; Santos, Beatriz Rodrigues dos

; Cruz, Eliane Aparecida da

; Contrera, Marina Athayde

; Delgado, Pedro Gabriel Godinho

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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oct 2023, Volume 28 N. 10 Pages 2823 - 2832

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Trata-se de um artigo original que aborda a força de trabalho (FT) em saúde no Brasil, suas comorbidades e alterações da saúde mental na pandemia da COVID-19. O estudo conduzido pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz coletou dados por meio de questionário on-line com um total de 36.612 participantes: profissionais de saúde (PS, formação de nível superior), e trabalhadores invisíveis (TI, nível técnico). A prevalência de comorbidades no Brasil foi de 26,1% e 23,9%, a maior foi hipertensão arterial (27,4% e 31,9%), seguida da obesidade (18,4% e 15,1%), doenças crônicas respiratórias (15,7% e 12,9%), diabetes mellitus (10,3% e 10,4%), e depressão/ansiedade (9,1% e 11,7%), nos PS e TI, respectivamente. A região com maior frequência foi a sudeste onde concentra-se o maior contingente de trabalhadores. A FT acometida com alta carga de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e exposta ao SARS-CoV-2, torna-se vulnerável para o adoecimento e morte. Sintomas mentais e intenso sofrimento psíquico foram relatados. Os resultados deste estudo nos permitem estimar o impacto na saúde física e mental, e nas condições de vida e de trabalho da FT. A saúde e a vida dos trabalhadores, protagonistas no enfrentamento dos desafios da pandemia, são prioridade nas políticas públicas.

Abstract This is an original article that addresses the healthcare workforce (HW) in Brazil, as well as comorbidities and mental health changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and collected data through an online questionnaires from a total of 36,612 participants, health professionals (HP, with higher education level), and invisible healthcare workers (IHW, with a technical mid-level education). The overall prevalence of comorbidities in Brazil was 26.1% and 23.9%; the highest was arterial hypertension (27.4% and 31.9%), followed by obesity (18.4% and 15.1%), chronic respiratory diseases (15.7% and 12.9%), diabetes mellitus (10.3% and 10.4%), and depression/anxiety (9.1% and 11.7%), in the HW and IHW, respectively. The region with the highest frequency was the southeast, where the largest contingent of workers is located. The HW, affected with a high burden of non-communicable chronic diseases and exposed to SARS-CoV-2, proved to be vulnerable to illness and death. Mental symptoms and intense psychological suffering have been reported. These results allow us to estimate the impacts upon physical and mental health, as well as upon living and working conditions of the HW. The health and life of workers, leading role in facing health challenges of the pandemic, are a high priority in public policies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232810.10192023

10.

Comorbidades e saúde mental dos trabalhadores da saúde no Brasil. O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19
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Guimarães-Teixeira, Eleny

; Machado, Antônio Vieira

; Lopes Neto, David

; Costa, Lilian Soares da

; Garrido, Paulo Henrique Scrivano

; Aguiar Filho, Wilson

; Soares, Rayane de Souza

; Santos, Beatriz Rodrigues dos

; Cruz, Eliane Aparecida da

; Contrera, Marina Athayde

; Delgado, Pedro Gabriel Godinho

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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oct 2023, Volume 28 N. 10 Pages 2823 - 2832

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232810.10192023

11.

HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATIC NECROINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
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SOUZA, Gustavo Henrique De Puy e

; SILVA, Luciana Diniz

; VIEIRA, Diego Alves

; ROCHA, Gifone Aguiar

; LIMA, Agnaldo Soares

; VIDIGAL, Paula Vieira Teixeira

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2023, Volume 60 N. 3 Pages 287 - 299

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Background: Approximately 71 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. A significant number of these individuals will develop liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond the liver, there is a sizeable body of scientific evidence linking cardiovascular disease and chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, the biological mechanisms behind the concurrence of these conditions have not been completely clarified yet. Objective: To evaluate associations between hepatic histology, clinical comorbidities and lipid profile in patients with CHC. To investigate associations between liver histology and demographic, nutritional, biochemical and virological parameters. Methods: Eight-five patients with CHC prospectively underwent hepatic biopsy. Liver fragments were obtained from each patient by percutaneous route using a Menghini needle. Fibrosis was evaluated according to the METAVIR scoring system, as follows: F0, no fibrosis; F1, fibrous portal expansion; F2, fibrous portal widening with few septa; F3, bridging fibrosis with architectural distortion; and F4, liver cirrhosis. The activity was classified based on the degree of lymphocyte infiltration and hepatocyte necrosis, from A0 to A3. The diagnosis of liver disease was based on clinical, biochemical, histological, and radiological methods. The data were analyzed by logistic regression models. Results: This cross-sectional study included 85 outpatients followed at the tertiary care ambulatory centre with a mean age of 57.2±10.7 years and 45 (52.9%) were females. There were 10 patients with cirrhosis. Patients with a METAVIR F3-F4 were significantly older (P=0.02) and had higher levels of ALT (P=0.0006), AST (P<0.0001), γ-GT (P=0.03) and bilirubin (P=0.001) and higher prothrombin time than patients with F0-F2 score. Albumin levels (P=0.01) were significantly lower in METAVIR F3-F4. Age (OR=1.09; 95%CI=1.02-1.16; P=0.02), steatosis (OR=4.03; 95%CI=1.05-15.45; P=0.04) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <60 mg/dL (OR=7.67; 95%CI=1.71-34.49; P=0.008) were independently associated with fibrosis. Hypertension (OR=6.36; 95%CI=1.31-30.85; P=0.02) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=9.85; 95%CI=2.35-41.39; P=0.002) were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity. Hypertension (OR=6.94; 95%CI=1.92-25.05; P=0.003) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=3.94; 95%CI=1.27-12.3; P=0.02) were associated with interface inflammatory activity. Triglycerides (TG ≥150 mg/dL) remained associated with lobular inflammatory activity. Conclusion: cholesterol levels <60 mg/dL were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis C. Patients with hypertension are at an increased risk of developing necroinflammatory activity.

RESUMO Contexto: Aproximadamente 71 milhões de pessoas estão infectadas pelo vírus da hepatite C em todo o mundo. Um número significativo desses indivíduos desenvolverá cirrose hepática e/ou carcinoma hepatocelular. Além do fígado, há evidências científicas que associam doenças cardiovasculares e hepatite C crônica; no entanto, os mecanismos biológicos implicados na ocorrência dessas condições ainda não foram completamente esclarecidos. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre histologia hepática, comorbidades clínicas e perfil lipídico em pacientes com hepatite C crônica. Investigar associações entre histologia hepática e parâmetros demográficos, nutricionais, bioquímicos e virológicos. Métodos: Oitenta e cinco pacientes com hepatite C crônica foram prospectivamente submetidos à biópsia hepática. Biópsias hepáticas foram obtidas de cada paciente por via percutânea com agulha de Menghini. A fibrose foi avaliada de acordo com o sistema de pontuação METAVIR, como segue: F0, sem fibrose; F1, expansão portal fibrosa; F2, alargamento portal fibroso com poucos septos; F3, fibrose em ponte com distorção arquitetônica; e F4, cirrose hepática. A atividade foi classificada com base no grau de infiltração de linfócitos e necrose de hepatócitos, de A0 a A3. O diagnóstico da doença hepática foi baseado em métodos clínicos, bioquímicos, histológicos e radiológicos. Os dados foram analisados por modelos de regressão logística. Resultados: Neste estudo transversal, realizado em um ambulatório do hospital universitário, foram incluídos 85 pacientes que tinham média de idade de 57,2±10,7 anos, sendo 45 (52,9%) do sexo feminino. Havia 10 pacientes com cirrose. Os pacientes com METAVIR F3-F4 eram significativamente mais velhos (P=0,02) e tinham níveis mais elevados de ALT (P=0,0006), AST (P<0,0001), γ-GT (P=0,03) e bilirrubina (P=0,001) e, maior tempo de protrombina do que pacientes com escore F0-F2. Os níveis de albumina (P=0,01) foram significativamente mais baixos naqueles classificados como METAVIR F3-F4. Idade (OR=1,09; IC95%=1,02-1,16; P=0,02), esteatose (OR=4,03; IC95%=1,05-15,45; P=0,04) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=7,67; 95%IC=1,71-34,49; P=0,008) foram independentemente associados à fibrose. Hipertensão (OR=6,36; IC95%=1,31-30,85; P=0,02) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=9,85; IC95%=2,35-41,39; P=0,002) foram independentemente associados à atividade necroinflamatória. Hipertensão (OR=6,94; IC 95%=1,92-25,05; P=0,003) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=3,94; IC95%=1,27-12,3; P=0,02) foram associados à atividade inflamatória de interface. Os triglicerídeos (TG >150 mg/dL) permaneceram associados à atividade inflamatória lobular. Conclusão: Níveis de coleterol HDL <60 mg/dL foram independentemente associados à atividade necroinflamatória na hepatite C crônica. Pacientes com hipertensão têm risco aumentado de desenvolver atividade necroinflamatória.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.230302023-03

12.

Estudo comparativo da autonomia funcional em idosas fisicamente ativas e sedentárias
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Santana, Valéria Soares de Jesus

; Campos, Simone Figueiredo Freitas de

; Santos, Nilson Mascarenhas

; Figueiredo, Delson Lustosa de

; Scartoni, Fabiana Rodrigues

; Dantas, Estelio Henrique Martin

Motricidade

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sep 2023, Volume 19 N. 3 Pages 325 - 330

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT This research aimed to compare the functional autonomy between physically inactive and physically active elderly women. In this study, the sample was divided into one group of inactive elderly women (GI; n= 28, age 67,64± 7,73) and one group of physically active elderly women (GPA; n= 28, age 68,64± 8,40). The functional autonomy was evaluated through the tests of Latin-American Development Group for the Elderly (GDLAM), based on: walking 10 meters (W10m), getting up from a sitting position (SUSP), standing up from a lying position (SULP), stand up from a chair and walk straightaway (SUCWA), dress and undress T-shirt (DUT) and GDLAM Index (GI). In the correlation of the groups, it can be observed that GPA showed better values on tests than GS and the significative difference (p< 0,05) into groups on tests (W10m, SUSP, SULP, SUCWA and GI). It can be inferred that GPA showed a better level of functional autonomy than GI, confirming scientific recommendations about the benefic effects of physical activity on functional capacity.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a autonomia funcional entre idosas sedentárias e idosas fisicamente ativas. Para este estudo qualitativo, a amostra foi dividida em grupo de sedentárias (GS; n= 28, idade 67,64± 7,73) e grupo de idosas fisicamente ativas (GFA; n= 28, idade 68,64± 8,40). A autonomia funcional foi avaliada através dos testes do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino-Americano para a Maturidade (GDLAM), composto de: caminhar 10m (C10m), levantar-se da posição sentada (LPS), levantar-se da posição de decúbito ventral (LPDV), levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa (LCLC), teste de vestir e tirar uma camiseta (VTC) e o índice GDLAM. Na correlação dos grupos com os testes realizados, pôde-se observar que o GFA apresentou melhores valores nos testes do que o GS e que existiu diferença significativa (p< 0,05) entre os dois grupos nos testes de C10m, LPS, LPDV, LCLC e IG. Pode-se depreender que o GFA apresentou melhor nível de autonomia funcional quando comparado com o GS, corroborando com as recomendações científicas acerca dos efeitos benéficos da atividade física sobre a capacidade funcional.

https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.31539

13.

Crop-Livestock Integration: Attack of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on transgenic maize and Bachiaria brizantha (Poaceae)
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Carvalho, Paulo Henrique Baêta Nogueira de

; Faustino Júnior, Wilson

; Caldeira, Zaira Vieira

; Silva, Ricardo Siqueira da

; Veloso, Ronnie Von dos Santos

; Soares, Marcus Alvarenga

Revista Ceres

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aug 2023, Volume 70 N. 4 Pages 91 - 96

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Crop-Livestock Integration system has sustainable potential. But pests such as the defoliating caterpillar Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) can reduce the productivity of this system. The objective was to report transgenic maize and Brachiaria brizantha (A. Rich.) (Poaceae) plants attacked by S. frugiperda in the Crop-Livestock Integration system. Feroz VIP3 ® transgenic maize (SYN8A98 TLTG Viptera) and B. brizantha MG-5 Xaraés plants attacked by S. frugiperda were evaluated 20 days after planting, weekly and for 28 days. The transgenic maize plants were less attacked by S. frugiperda than those of B. brizantha. The negative impact of this pest on B. brizantha suggests the planning and adopting strategies for its control, such as the use of traps, resistant cultivars, and biological or chemical products, minimizing losses in animal production and, consequently, in human food.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202370040012

14.

A disputa pelo “universal”: Celso Furtado, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e a arena transnacional das ciências sociais na Guerra Fria (1964-1988)
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Rodrigues, Lidiane Soares

Tempo Social

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aug 2023, Volume 35 N. 2 Pages 131 - 131

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Adopting the hypothesis that there are correlations between social space and the symbolic constructions that emerge in it that make both intelligible, the article articulates the objective positions and transnational careers that conditioned the theoretical positions of Celso Furtado (1920-2004) and Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1931). These two cases are of sociological interest because they go against the asymmetric tendencies of the global space of social sciences: despite their origin in the “global south”, their works were effectively integrated in the “center”; they disputed explanations, won stops, lost others, their peers did not pass unscathed. Moreover, they were anointed by consecration, even if in countries with different positions in the hierarchy of space.

Resumo Adotando a hipótese segundo a qual entre o espaço social e as construções simbólicas que nele emergem existem correlações que tornam ambos inteligíveis, o artigo articula as posições objetivas e as carreiras transnacionais que condicionaram as tomadas de posição teóricas de Celso Furtado (1920-2004) e Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1931). Trata-se de dois casos que apresentam interesse sociológico por contrariarem as tendências assimétricas do espaço global das ciências sociais: apesar de terem origem no “sul global”, suas obras foram efetivamente integradas no “centro”; disputaram explicações, ganharam paradas, perderam outras, seus pares não passaram incólumes a elas. Ademais, foram ungidos pela consagração, ainda que em países com posições diversas na hierarquia do espaço.

https://doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2023.213491

15.

Transnasal endoscopy-guided percutaneous access to the sphenopalatine ganglion for neurostimulation in the treatment of primary headache: operative technique and feasibility
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Tepedino, Miguel Soares

; Vianna, Pedro Mino

; Baptista, Carlos Henrique A.B.

; Ferreira, Daniel Lopes Marques Simoes

; Junqueira, Mariana Mafra

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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apr 2023, Volume 89 N. 2 Pages 292 - 299

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: Cluster headache is considered a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia and may present with characteristic symptoms of sympathetic/parasympathetic activation on the affected side of the face, such as nasal discharge, tearing, and conjunctival injection. Invasive therapies targeting the sphenopalatine ganglion have been performed in these headache syndromes and can have a medication-sparing effect, especially in refractory, difficult-to-manage cases. The gate control theory of pain suggests that electric pulses delivered to nerve tissues can modulate neuronal activity, thus aiding in management of nociceptive or neuropathic pain, and studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of sphenopalatine ganglion neurostimulation. Within this context, we sought to assess the feasibility of a new surgical technique for neurostimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion in a cadaver dissection model. Methods: The technique was developed through dissection of two cadaver heads. We divided the procedure into two stages: an endonasal endoscopic approach to expose the sphenopalatine ganglion and confirm electrode placement, and a cervicofacial approach to introduce the electrode array and position the internal pulse-generator unit. Computed tomography was performed to confirm implant placement at the end of the procedure. Results: The pulse-generator unit was successfully placed through a retroauricular incision, as is already standard for cochlear implant placement. This should reduce the incidence of perioperative sequelae, especially pain and swelling in the oral region, which are a common complication of previous approaches used for this purpose. Control imaging confirmed proper electrode placement. The device used in this study allows the patient to modulate the intensity of the stimulus, reducing or even obviating the need for drug therapy. Conclusion: The novel technique described herein, based on percutaneous access guided by transmaxillary endoscopy, can provide great precision in electrode array positioning and decreased perioperative morbidity, combining the advantages of endoscopic approaches with those of the retroauricular route. Level of evidence: 3.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.10.051

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