This study, a Doctorate Research excerpt, aimed to map the effects of an on-line pedagogical intervention guided on physical activity (PA) self-regulatory strategies during the pandemic at a public school. This is qualitative Research, of the pedagogical intervention type using an educational tool. 35 high school students (14 to 17 years old) were interviewed in 8 on-line focus groups. The software IRaMuTeQ was employed to interpret data. The results were organized in six classes: “Diary as in incentive to PA”, “Strategies to increase motivation”, “Choices and PA sociostructural factors”, “How preferences and social support influences PA”, “Goals and self-assessment reflections”, “PA monitoring”. Previously inactive, insufficiently active students (who identified themselves with the educational tool´s character) felt more confident to engage in PA (positive effect) using strategies taught in the intervention (PA diary). Previously physically active students rated the intervention effects as neutral, but praised critical debates on social inequalities and PA. During the intervention, some students employed simple self-regulatory strategies (graded goals), while others did not employ any due to not being something intuitive, lack of motivation, forgetting. This pedagogical intervention seems to be effective to teach the conceptual interfaces between PA, psychology, and society.

En este estudio, que forma parte de una investigación de Doctorado, nos propusimos mapear los efectos de una intervención pedagógica en línea anclada en estrategias autorreguladoras de actividad física (AF) durante la pandemia en un instituto público. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, del tipo intervención pedagógica con ayuda de recurso didáctico. Se realizaron 8 entrevistas semiestructuradas en grupo en línea con 35 alumnos (14 a 17 años) de la enseñanza secundaria. Se utilizó el software IRaMuTeQ para interpretar los datos. Los resultados se organizaron en seis clases: "Diario como estímulo para AF", "Estrategias para aumentar la motivación", "Elecciones y factores socioestructurales para AF", "Influencia del gusto y del incentivo para AF", "Reflexiones sobre metas y autoevaluación", "Monitoreo de la AF". Alumnos anteriormente inactivos o poco activos (identificados con el personaje del recurso didáctico) se sintieron más seguros para practicar AF (efecto positivo) con estrategias enseñadas en la intervención (diario de AF). Los estudiantes físicamente activos atribuyeron un efecto neutro a la intervención, pero valoraron las reflexiones críticas sobre las desigualdades sociales y la AF. Algunos estudiantes emplearon estrategias sencillas de autorregulación (metas graduales) de forma más consistente durante la intervención, mientras que otros no las emplearon porque: no eran intuitivas; les faltó motivación; se olvidaron de hacerlo. La intervención pedagógica parece ser eficaz para la enseñanza conceptual de las interfaces entre AF, psicología y sociedad.

Neste estudo, recorte de uma pesquisa de Doutorado, objetivou-se mapear os efeitos de uma intervenção pedagógica on-line ancorada em estratégias autorregulatórias de atividade física (AF) durante a pandemia em um colégio público. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo intervenção pedagógica com auxílio de recurso didático. Foram realizadas 8 entrevistas semiestruturadas em grupo on-line com 35 estudantes (14 a 17 anos) do Ensino Médio. Utilizou-se o software IRaMuTeQ para interpretar os dados. Os resultados foram organizados em seis classes: “Diário como estímulo para AF”, “Estratégias para aumentar a motivação”, “Escolhas e fatores socioestruturais para AF”, “Influência do gosto e do incentivo para AF”, “Reflexões sobre metas e autoavaliação”, “Monitoramento da AF”. Estudantes previamente inativos ou pouco ativos (identificados com o personagem do recurso didático) sentiram-se mais confiantes para praticar AF (efeito positivo) com estratégias ensinadas na intervenção (diário de AF). Estudantes ativos fisicamente atribuíram efeito neutro à intervenção, mas valorizaram as reflexões críticas sobre as desigualdades sociais e a AF. Alguns estudantes empregaram estratégias autorregulatórias simples (metas graduais) mais consistentemente durante a intervenção, enquanto outros não as empregaram por: não ser algo intuitivo; falta de motivação; esquecimento. A intervenção pedagógica parece ser eficaz para o ensino conceitual das interfaces entre AF, psicologia e sociedade.

Abstract The scope of this article was to identify the social representations of children in a municipal public school in Rio de Janeiro, with respect to the blood sampling procedure and to discuss the social representations that emerge, in the light of the performance of the family health team in carrying out this procedure. Moscovisci’s method/theory of analysis of social representations based on a qualitative approach was used. For data collection, the projective technique of the esthetic production scene and the student’s speech was used. The results were grouped into four categories: 1) structural dimensions involved in the blood sampling procedure; 2) dimension of the human component and its interface in the blood sampling procedure; 3) the psycho-emotional dimension portrayed in the blood sampling procedure; and 4) blood sampling: the importance for student health. With respect to the importance of blood sampling, we highlight the perception of students regarding the importance of actions aimed at prevention and health care promotion.

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar as representações sociais de crianças de uma escola pública municipal do Rio de Janeiro acerca do procedimento de coleta sanguínea e discutir as representações sociais emergidas, à luz da atuação da equipe de saúde da família na realização desse procedimento. Utilizou-se o método e a teoria de análise das representações sociais fundamentadas por Moscovisci e Jodelet, numa abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados, empregou-se a técnica projetiva de cena de produção estética e do discurso do escolar. Os resultados foram agrupados em quatro categorias: 1) dimensões estruturais que envolvem o procedimento de coleta sanguínea; 2) dimensão do componente humano e sua interface no procedimento de coleta sanguínea; 3) a dimensão psicoemocional retratada no procedimento de coleta sanguínea e 4) a coleta de sangue: a importância para a saúde do escolar. No que diz respeito à importância da coleta sanguínea, evidenciamos a percepção de escolares para a importância de ações voltadas à prevenção e promoção da saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to investigate the ability of the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) as a prognostic marker for midterm clinical outcomes three months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), to identify possible predictors of fall in 6MWD in the early postoperative period, and to establish the percentage fall in early postoperative 6MWD, considering the preoperative baseline as 100%. Methods: A prospective cohort of patients undergoing elective CABG were included. The percentage fall in 6MWD was assessed by the difference between preoperative and postoperative day (POD) five. Clinical outcomes were evaluated three months after hospital discharge. Results: There was a significant decrease in 6MWD on POD5 compared with preoperative baseline values (percentage fall of 32.5±16.5%, P<0.0001). Linear regression analysis showed an independent association of the percentage fall of 6MWD with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and preoperative inspiratory muscle strength. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the best cutoff value of percentage fall in 6MWD to predict poorer clinical outcomes at three months was 34.6% (area under the curve = 0.82, sensitivity = 78.95%, specificity = 76.19%, P=0.0001). Conclusion: This study indicates that a cutoff value of 34.6% in percentage fall of 6MWD on POD5 was able to predict poorer clinical outcomes at three months of follow-up after CABG. Use of CPB and preoperative inspiratory muscle strength were independent predictors of percentage fall of 6MWD in the postoperative period. These findings further support the clinical application of 6MWD and propose an inpatient preventive strategy to guide clinical management over time.

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar as representações sociais de crianças de uma escola pública municipal do Rio de Janeiro acerca do procedimento de coleta sanguínea e discutir as representações sociais emergidas, à luz da atuação da equipe de saúde da família na realização desse procedimento. Utilizou-se o método e a teoria de análise das representações sociais fundamentadas por Moscovisci e Jodelet, numa abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados, empregou-se a técnica projetiva de cena de produção estética e do discurso do escolar. Os resultados foram agrupados em quatro categorias: 1) dimensões estruturais que envolvem o procedimento de coleta sanguínea; 2) dimensão do componente humano e sua interface no procedimento de coleta sanguínea; 3) a dimensão psicoemocional retratada no procedimento de coleta sanguínea e 4) a coleta de sangue: a importância para a saúde do escolar. No que diz respeito à importância da coleta sanguínea, evidenciamos a percepção de escolares para a importância de ações voltadas à prevenção e promoção da saúde.

Abstract The scope of this article was to identify the social representations of children in a municipal public school in Rio de Janeiro, with respect to the blood sampling procedure and to discuss the social representations that emerge, in the light of the performance of the family health team in carrying out this procedure. Moscovisci’s method/theory of analysis of social representations based on a qualitative approach was used. For data collection, the projective technique of the esthetic production scene and the student’s speech was used. The results were grouped into four categories: 1) structural dimensions involved in the blood sampling procedure; 2) dimension of the human component and its interface in the blood sampling procedure; 3) the psycho-emotional dimension portrayed in the blood sampling procedure; and 4) blood sampling: the importance for student health. With respect to the importance of blood sampling, we highlight the perception of students regarding the importance of actions aimed at prevention and health care promotion.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to investigate the ability of the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) as a prognostic marker for midterm clinical outcomes three months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), to identify possible predictors of fall in 6MWD in the early postoperative period, and to establish the percentage fall in early postoperative 6MWD, considering the preoperative baseline as 100%. Methods: A prospective cohort of patients undergoing elective CABG were included. The percentage fall in 6MWD was assessed by the difference between preoperative and postoperative day (POD) five. Clinical outcomes were evaluated three months after hospital discharge. Results: There was a significant decrease in 6MWD on POD5 compared with preoperative baseline values (percentage fall of 32.5±16.5%, P<0.0001). Linear regression analysis showed an independent association of the percentage fall of 6MWD with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and preoperative inspiratory muscle strength. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the best cutoff value of percentage fall in 6MWD to predict poorer clinical outcomes at three months was 34.6% (area under the curve = 0.82, sensitivity = 78.95%, specificity = 76.19%, P=0.0001). Conclusion: This study indicates that a cutoff value of 34.6% in percentage fall of 6MWD on POD5 was able to predict poorer clinical outcomes at three months of follow-up after CABG. Use of CPB and preoperative inspiratory muscle strength were independent predictors of percentage fall of 6MWD in the postoperative period. These findings further support the clinical application of 6MWD and propose an inpatient preventive strategy to guide clinical management over time.

ABSTRACT. Current literature is lacking regarding the vegetative propagation of the cambuci tree (Campomanesia phaea O. Berg Landrum). This study aimed to verify the efficiency of cutting techniques via the assessment of cuttings of varying types and sizes, sampling dates, and the influence of treatments containing plant growth regulator indolebutyric acid (IBA) combined with the antioxidant ascorbic acid across different immersion times. The species was found not to develop adventitious roots easily, and hence, the herbaceous and woody stem materials were subjected to histochemical studies to elucidate their anatomical and physiological processes. To this end, plant material was polymerized in glycol methacrylate resin, cut into sections, and stained using toluidine blue (0.05%) or via histochemical staining with PAS/naphthol blue black. Anatomical analysis of plant structures revealed the presence of phenolic compounds and sclerenchyma tissue, which in turn are expected to negatively impact the development of adventitious roots.

Abstract Background: Acylpolyamines are one of the main non-peptide compounds present in spider venom and represent a promising alternative in the search for new molecules with antimicrobial action. Methods: The venom of Acanthoscurria natalensis spider was fractionated by reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and the antimicrobial activity of the fractions was tested using a liquid growth inhibition assay. The main antimicrobial fraction containing acylpolyamines (ApAn) was submitted to two additional chromatographic steps and analyzed by MALDI-TOF. Fractions of interest were accumulated for ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and ESI-MS/MS analysis and for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and hemolytic activity determination. Results: Five acylpolyamines were isolated from the venom with molecular masses between 614 Da and 756 Da, being named ApAn728, ApAn614a, ApAn614b, ApAn742 and ApAn756. The analysis of UV absorption profile of each ApAn and the fragmentation pattern obtained by ESI-MS/MS suggested the presence of a tyrosyl unit as chromophore and a terminal polyamine chain consistent with structural units PA43 or PA53. ApAn presented MIC between 128 µM and 256 µM against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, without causing hemolysis against mouse erythrocytes. Conclusion: The antimicrobial and non-hemolytic properties of the analyzed ApAn may be relevant for their application as possible therapeutic agents and the identification of an unconventional chromophore for spider acylpolyamines suggests an even greater chemical diversity.

Resumo: O objetivo do artigo é analisar as relações entre os feminismos e as mídias digitais em um contexto de expansão do acesso à internet no Brasil. A partir dos desdobramentos ocorridos na última década, interessa-nos compreender como se constroem novos repertórios dos ativismos feministas nas redes digitais, com atenção às transformações sociotécnicas, tecnológicas e políticas. O material empírico resulta de duas pesquisas qualitativas, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com ativistas feministas em Londrina e no Rio de Janeiro, combinadas com acompanhamento de interações em redes sociais. Os resultados apontam para uma (re)configuração da prática política em que a promessa do digital somada aos acontecimentos políticos posteriores às jornadas de junho de 2013 no Brasil, recompõem os diagramas e os repertórios políticos desses movimentos.

Abstract: This article aims to analyze the relationship between feminisms and digital media in the context of the expansion of Internet access in Brazil. From the developments that took place in the last decade, we are interested in understanding how new repertoires of feminist activism are constructed in digital networks, focusing on socio-technical, technological and political transformations. The empirical material results from two qualitative researches, based on semi-structured interviews, carried out with feminist activists from the cities of Londrina and Rio de Janeiro, combined with the monitoring of interactions on social networks. The research findings point to a (re) configuration of political practice in which the promise of digital takes into account the events that arose after the June 2013 journeys in Brazil.

Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es analizar la relación entre feminismos y medios digitales en el contexto de la expansión del acceso a internet en Brasil. A partir de los desarrollos ocurridos en la última década, nos interesa comprender cómo se construyen nuevos repertorios de activismo feminista en las redes digitales, con atención a las transformaciones socio-técnicas, tecnológicas y políticas. El material empírico resulta de dos investigaciones cualitativas, basadas en entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizadas con activistas feministas de las ciudades de Londrina y Río de Janeiro, combinadas con el seguimiento de las interacciones en las redes sociales. Los hallazgos de la investigación apuntan a una (re) configuración de la práctica política en la que la promesa de lo digital toma en cuenta los eventos que surgieron después de los viajes de junio de 2013 en Brasil.

RESUMO O sono é essencial para o adequado funcionamento de todos os indivíduos. Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono ocorrem em todas as faixas etárias, constituindo motivo frequente de consulta médica. O objetivo deste consenso foi atualizar os conhecimentos sobre os principais distúrbios respiratórios do sono tanto na população adulta quanto na pediátrica, com ênfase na apneia obstrutiva do sono. A apneia obstrutiva do sono é uma doença extremamente prevalente, porém frequentemente subdiagnosticada. Associa-se frequentemente a uma série de comorbidades, notadamente cardiovasculares, metabólicas e neurocognitivas, que impactam significativamente na qualidade de vida e na mortalidade. Por conta disso, o Departamento de Distúrbios Respiratórios do Sono da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia reuniu 14 especialistas com reconhecida e comprovada experiência em distúrbios respiratórios do sono para a elaboração deste documento.

ABSTRACT Sleep is essential for the proper functioning of all individuals. Sleep-disordered breathing can occur at any age and is a common reason for medical visits. The objective of this consensus is to update knowledge about the main causes of sleep-disordered breathing in adult and pediatric populations, with an emphasis on obstructive sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea is an extremely prevalent but often underdiagnosed disease. It is often accompanied by comorbidities, notably cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive disorders, which have a significant impact on quality of life and mortality rates. Therefore, to create this consensus, the Sleep-Disordered Breathing Department of the Brazilian Thoracic Association brought together 14 experts with recognized, proven experience in sleep-disordered breathing.

ABSTRACT. As an alternative to the use of cytochalasin B (CB), 6-dimethylamino-purine (6-DMAP) and thermal shock (heat shock by increasing the temperature from 25 to 36ºC) could be used to induce tetraploidy in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) diploids. Induction was performed by applying shocks after elimination of the first polar corpuscle at the end of meiosis I. Ploidy rates were verified using flow cytometry. Tetraploid larvae were obtained using all inductor (6-DMAP, thermal shock and CB) treatments. No difference in the efficiency of tetraploidy induction was noted among 6-DMAP, thermal shock and CB. The number of D-larvae and their yield, determined by calculating the percentage of well-formed D-larvae in relation to the total number of larvae, was similar (p > 0.05) among the evaluated induction methods. We suggest that 6-DMAP and thermal shock should be used in tetraploidy induction protocols, thereby avoiding the use of CB, which is a harmful agent for both humans and the environment.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estabelecer valores normativos e uma equação de referência para o número de degraus subidos no teste do degrau de seis minutos (TD6) em adultos saudáveis, bem como avaliar a confiabilidade do teste e da equação. Métodos: Estudo transversal multicêntrico com 468 voluntários saudáveis (faixa etária: 18-79 anos) recrutados na comunidade geral em seis laboratórios de pesquisa em diferentes regiões do Brasil, um país de dimensões continentais. O TD6 foi realizado duas vezes (com 30 min de intervalo entre uma e outra), e foram avaliadas variáveis clínicas, demográficas e funcionais. Uma amostra independente composta por 24 voluntários foi avaliada para testar a equação de referência a posteriori. Resultados: O número de degraus subidos apresentou excelente confiabilidade teste-reteste [coeficiente de correlação intraclasse = 0,96 (IC95%: 0,95-0,97)], e a média de degraus subidos foi de 175 ± 45, sendo 14% maior no sexo masculino. O melhor desempenho no teste correlacionou-se com as seguintes variáveis: idade (r = −0,60), sexo (r = 0,28), peso (r = 0,13), estatura (r = 0,41), IMC (r = −0,22), circunferência da cintura (r = −0,22), circunferência da coxa (r = 0,15), CVF (r = 0,54) e nível de atividade física (r = 0,17; p < 0,05 para todos). Na análise de regressão, idade, sexo, estatura e peso explicaram 42% da variabilidade do TD6. Foram estabelecidos valores normativos para o TD6 de acordo com a idade e o sexo. Não houve diferença entre os valores do TD6 na amostra independente e os valores previstos (157 ± 29 vs. 161 ± 25 degraus subidos; p = 0,47; 97% dos valores previstos). Conclusões: Os valores normativos e a equação de referência para o TD6 neste estudo parecem adequados para predizer com precisão o desempenho físico funcional em adultos no Brasil.

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish normative values and a reference equation for the number of steps climbed during the six-minute step test (6MST) in healthy adults, and to assess the reliability of the test and of the equation. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study involving 468 healthy volunteers (age range: 18-79 years) recruited from the general community in six research laboratories across different regions of Brazil, which is a country with continental dimensions. The 6MST was performed twice (30-min interval), and clinical, demographic, and functional variables were evaluated. An independent sample of 24 volunteers was evaluated to test the reference equation a posteriori. Results: The number of steps had excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96 [95%CI: 0.95-0.97]), and the mean number of steps was 175 ± 45, the number being 14% greater in males than in females. The best performance on the test was correlated with age (r = −0.60), sex (r = 0.28), weight (r = 0.13), height (r = 0.41), BMI (r = −0.22), waist circumference (r = −0.22), thigh circumference (r = 0.15), FVC (r = 0.54), and physical activity level (r = 0.17; p < 0.05 for all). In the regression analysis, age, sex, height, and weight explained 42% of the variability of the 6MST. Normative values were established for the 6MST according to age and sex. There was no difference between the 6MST values from the independent sample and its predicted values (157 ± 29 steps vs. 161 ± 25 steps; p = 0.47; 97% of predicted values). Conclusions: The normative values and the reference equation for the 6MST in this study seem adequate to accurately predict the physical functional performance in adults in Brazil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar os elementos que influenciaram no contato imediato entre mãe e bebê na hora dourada. Método: Estudo observacional transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram observadas 105 parturientes internadas em duas maternidades de risco habitual. O instrumento teve como base as Diretrizes Nacionais de Assistência ao Parto Normal e as boas práticas obstétricas da Organização Mundial da Saúde, totalizando 36 questões. A análise ocorreu de forma descritiva mediante o Teste do Qui-Quadrado para comparação de proporção. Resultados: Das parturientes, 2,8% (n = 3) vivenciaram a hora dourada, e 82,9% (n = 87), o contato imediato entre 1 e 5 minutos. Em 85,7% (n = 90) do grupo, não houve causas que contraindicassem o contato imediato. Para 48,0% (n = 49) das participantes, o contato foi restabelecido pela enfermagem entre 31–60 minutos. Conclusão O contato imediato na hora dourada teve baixa adesão na assistência hospitalar. Os procedimentos neonatais passíveis de serem adiados predominaram como elementos influenciadores da hora dourada. A assistência observada nas salas de parto investigadas reflete a necessidade de reduzir as intervenções no parto e nascimento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the elements that influenced the immediate mother-neonate contact during the golden hour. Method: A cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach. A total of 105 parturient women hospitalized in two maternity hospitals with usual risk were observed. The instrument was based on Brazilian National Normal Childbirth Care Guidelines and World Health Organization good obstetric practices, totaling 36 questions. The analysis took place in a descriptive way using the Chi-Square Test for proportion comparison. Results: Of the parturient women, 2.8% (n = 3) experienced the golden hour, and 82.9% (n = 87), immediate contact between 1 and 5 minutes. In 85.7% (n = 90) of the group, there were no causes that contraindicated immediate contact. For 48.0% (n = 49) of participants, contact was re-established by the nursing staff within 31–60 minutes. Conclusion: Immediate contact during the golden hour had low hospital care compliance. Neonatal procedures that can be postponed predominated as influencing elements of the golden hour. The assistance observed in the birth rooms investigated reflects the need to reduce interventions in labor and birth.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar los elementos que influyeron en el contacto inmediato entre madre y bebé en la hora dorada. Método: Estudio observacional transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Se observaron un total de 105 parturientas hospitalizadas en dos maternidades de riesgo habitual. El instrumento se basó en la guía para la atención del parto normal en Brasil y las buenas prácticas obstétricas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, totalizando 36 preguntas. El análisis se realizó de forma descriptiva utilizando la Prueba Chi-Cuadrado para comparación de proporciones. Resultados: De las parturientas, 2,8% (n = 3) experimentó la hora dorada y 82,9% (n = 87), el contacto inmediato entre 1 y 5 minutos. En el 85,7% (n = 90) del grupo no hubo causas que contraindicaran el contacto inmediato. Para el 48,0% (n = 49) de los participantes, el contacto fue restablecido por el personal de enfermería dentro de los 31–60 minutos. Conclusión: El contacto inmediato en la hora dorada tuvo baja adherencia en la atención hospitalaria. Los procedimientos neonatales que pueden posponerse predominaron como elementos influyentes de la hora dorada. La asistencia observada en las salas de parto investigadas refleja la necesidad de reducir las intervenciones en el trabajo de parto y nacimiento.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os aspectos qualitativos, na colheita e na pós-colheita, de mirtilos 'Emerald' cultivados em região de clima subtropical, sem frio hibernal, no Brasil. Os frutos foram colhidos no município de Piracicaba, no estado de São Paulo, em dois picos de colheita, em agosto e outubro, e avaliados quanto aos seus atributos qualitativos na colheita e aos seus atributos físicos, químicos e bioquímicos na pós-colheita. Os frutos foram mantidos em condições de temperatura ambiente, a 22°C e 70% de umidade relativa, e analisados no dia da colheita e a cada três dias até o décimo-segundo dia de armazenamento. Os mirtilos colhidos em agosto foram maiores e mais arredondados, e os colhidos em outubro apresentaram coloração azul mais intensa e maiores concentrações de compostos fenólicos, pH e sólidos solúveis, além de maior relação sólidos solúveis totais e acidez titulável. Durante o armazenamento, observou-se aumento no conteúdo de antocianinas, quercetinas e compostos fenólicos totais, bem como na atividade antioxidante, além de redução na acidez e na firmeza dos frutos. Independentemente do mês de colheita, os mirtilos cultivados em região subtropical no Brasil apresentam boa durabilidade pós-colheita por até 12 dias em temperatura ambiente, com níveis satisfatórios de qualidade dos frutos.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the qualitative attributes, at harvest and postharvest, of 'Emerald' blueberries grown in a subtropical climate region, without winter chilling, in Brazil. Fruit were harvested in the municipality of Piracicaba, in the state of São Paulo, in two harvest peaks, in August and October, and evaluated for their qualitative attributes at harvest and for their physical, chemical, and biochemical attributes at postharvest. The fruit were maintained at ambient conditions, at 22°C and 70% relative humidity, and evaluated on the day of harvest and every three days until the twelfth day of storage. The blueberries harvested in August were larger and rounder, and those harvested in October had a more intense blue coloration and higher concentrations of phenolic compounds, pH, and soluble solids, in addition to a higher total soluble solids and titratable acidity ratio. During storage, an increase was observed in the contents of anthocyanins, quercetins, and total phenolic compounds, as well as in antioxidant activity, besides a decrease in fruit acidity and firmness. Regardless of the harvest month, blueberries grown in a subtropical region of Brazil have a good postharvest shelf life up to 12 days at ambient temperature, with satisfactory fruit quality levels.

Abstract Background The relationship between Multidrug Resistant-Gram Negative Bacteria (MDR-GNB) infection and colonization in critically ill COVID-19 patients has been observed, however, it is still poorly understood. This study evaluated the risk factors for acquiring MDR-GNB in patients with severe COVID-19 in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Methods This is a nested case-control study in a cohort of 400 adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with COVID-19, hospitalized in the ICU of 4 hospitals in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Cases were critical COVID-19 patients with one or more MDR GNB from any surveillance and/or clinical cultures were taken during their ICU stay. Controls were patients from the same units with negative cultures for MDR-GNB. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done. Results Sixty-seven cases and 143 controls were included. Independent risk factors for MDR bacteria were: male gender (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.28‒5.33; p = 0.008); the hospital of admission (OR = 3.24; 95% CI 1.39‒7.57; p = 0.006); mechanical ventilation (OR = 25.7; 95% CI 7.26‒91; p < 0.0001); and desaturation on admission (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.27‒5.74; p = 0.009). Conclusions Male gender, desaturation, mechanical ventilation, and the hospital of admission were the independent factors associated with MDR-GNB in patients in the ICU with COVID-19. The only modifiable factor was the hospital of admission, where a newly opened hospital posed a higher risk. Therefore, coordinated actions toward a better quality of care for critically ill COVID-19 patients are essential.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a alporquia, a estaquia e a enxertia, com diferentes doses de ácido indolbutírico (AIB), para a propagação vegetativa de Eugenia involucrata. A alporquia foi realizada por dois anos consecutivos, com cinco diferentes doses de AIB. A estaquia foi testada com estacas lenhosas e herbáceas, quatro doses de AIB, em três estações do ano. Os métodos de enxertia – garfagem em fenda cheia e inglês simples – foram avaliados em duas estações do ano. Para os ensaios de alporquia, estaquia e enxertia, os delineamentos experimentais foram em blocos ao acaso, inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 3x4 e inteiramente casualizado, respectivamente. As plantas foram avaliadas quanto ao enraizamento, à percentagem de sobrevivência e ao desenvolvimento da parte aérea. Na alporquia, foram observadas baixas taxas de enraizamento foram observadas na alporquia de 0 a 50%, o uso de AIB não apresentou resultados consistentes e nenhum propágulo resultante sobreviveu após o transplante. A técnica de estaquia mostrou baixas taxas de sobrevivência, enraizamento e retenção foliar, sem efeito consistente das doses de AIB. A enxertia mostrou de 35 a 50% de fixação do enxerto, sem diferença significativa entre as técnicas de enxerto de emenda e de fenda. As técnicas de alporquia e estaquia não são eficientes para a propagação de E. involucrata, pois não favorecem a sobrevivência e o enraizamento das mudas. A enxertia, por ambos os métodos, é a técnica mais eficiente para a propagação de E. involucrata.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate air layering, cutting, and grafting, with different indolebutyric acid (IBA) rates, for the vegetative propagation of Eugenia involucrata. Air layering was carried out for two consecutive years with five different IBA rates. Cutting was tested for woody and herbaceous cuttings, using four IBA rates, in three seasons. The grafting methods – cleft graft and splice graft – were tested in two seasons. For the air layering, cutting, and grafting trials the experimental designs were randomized complete blocks, completely randomized in a 3x4 factorial arrangement, and completely randomized, respectively. Plants were evaluated for rooting, survival percentage, and shoot development. In air layering, low rooting rates of 0 to 50% were observed, the use of IBA showed no consistent results, and no resulting propagules survived after being transplanted. The cutting technique showed low survival, rooting, and leaf retention rates, with no consistent effect of IBA rates. Grafting showed 35 to 50% graft fixation, with no significant difference between the splice and cleft grafting techniques. The air layering and cutting techniques are not efficient for the propagation of E. involucrata, as they do not favor the survival and rooting of seedlings. Grafting, by both techniques, is the most efficient method for E. involucrata propagation.