Abstract The present study aimed to compare the factors associated with multimorbidity in older adults aged 60 to 69 years, in 2010 and 2021. This is a comparative cross-sectional study, comprised of other two cross-sectional studies. Both data collections were individually conducted by trained interviewers through household surveys in the municipality of Coxilha-RS, Brazil. Bivariate inferential analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test and chi-square test, while multivariate analysis employed Poisson regression with robust variance with a significance level of p 0.05. It was observed that the prevalence of multimorbidity significantly decreased, decreasing from 66.5% in 2010 to 41.6% in 2021. Dependency for basic and instrumental activities of daily living was associated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity in the year 2010. However, in 2021, being dependent on instrumental activities, being unable to read/write, and being unemployed showed higher prevalence for multimorbidity. In conclusion, it is evident that the health conditions of older adults differed significantly over the years, highlighting the necessity for a reevaluation of healthcare practices to become more effective 6 years 201 2021 crosssectional cross sectional studies CoxilhaRS, CoxilhaRS Coxilha RS, RS Coxilha-RS Brazil Fishers Fisher s chisquare chi square 005 0 05 0.05 decreased 665 66 5 66.5 416 41 41.6 However readwrite read write read/write conclusion 20 202 00 0.0 66. 4 41. 2 0.

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar os fatores associados à multimorbidade em idosos de 60 a 69 anos, em 2010 e 2021. Trata-se de um estudo transversal comparativo, composto por dois estudos transversais. Ambas as coletas de dados foram realizadas de forma individual por entrevistadores treinados e deu-se por inquérito domiciliar, no município de Coxilha-RS, Brasil. Utilizou-se para análise inferencial bivariada, exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado, e multivariada o teste de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta com nível de significância de p 0,05. Detectou-se que a prevalência de multimorbidade teve uma diminuição significativa, passando de 66,5% em 2010, para 41,6% em 2021. Ser dependente para atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária associou-se a maior prevalência para a multimorbidade no ano de 2010, contudo no ano de 2021 o ser dependente para atividades instrumentais, não saber ler/escrever e não trabalhar apresentou maior prevalência para a multimorbidade. Por fim, concluise que as condições de saúde dos idosos diferiram significativamente apontando que os cuidados de saúde também precisam ser reavaliados para tornarem-se mais efetivos 6 anos 201 Tratase Trata se comparativo transversais deuse deu domiciliar CoxilhaRS, CoxilhaRS Coxilha RS, RS Coxilha-RS Brasil Utilizouse Utilizou bivariada quiquadrado, quiquadrado qui quadrado, quadrado qui-quadrado 005 0 05 0,05 Detectouse Detectou significativa 665 66 5 66,5 416 41 41,6 associouse associou 202 lerescrever ler escrever fim tornaremse tornarem 20 00 0,0 66, 4 41, 2 0,

Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is one of the most worrying respiratory diseases, characterized by a flu-like condition associated with tachypnea or hypoxemia, with saturation below 95% in ambient air. In the context of the new coronavirus (SARSCoV- 2) pandemic, exponential growth in cases was observed, with the elderly being the most affected population group. This study aimed to describe SARS cases, as well as socio-demographic and health-associated factors in the elderly population of a city in the north of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This is an epidemiological study carried out by Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. The information was made available by the Municipal Health Department of the Passo Fundo between January 1st and December 31st, 2020. In the descriptive analysis, the distribution of absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies of the variables of interest was performed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were estimated using Logistic Regression. A total of 1,268 SARS notifications were observed in the elderly, 72% of which were caused by covid-19. The lethality was high (40.9%), mainly among men and those with low education, with the presence of at least one risk factor, especially chronic kidney disease. It is expected that the associations highlighted in this study can help to develop health policies aimed at the health of the elderly, especially by strengthening actions in primary health care. (SARS diseases flulike flu like hypoxemia 95 air SARSCoV (SARSCoV 2 pandemic group sociodemographic socio demographic healthassociated state Brazil System st 31st 2020 analysis n (n % (% performed Regression 1268 1 268 1,26 72 covid19. covid19 covid 19. 19 covid-19 40.9%, 409 40.9% , 40 9 (40.9%) education factor disease care 202 ( 126 26 1,2 7 covid1 covid-1 40.9 4 (40.9% 20 12 1, covid- 40. (40.9 (40. (40 (4

Resumo A Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) constitui-se como uma das doenças respiratórias mais preocupantes, sendo caracterizada por um quadro gripal associado à taquipneia ou à hipoxemia e saturação inferior a 95% em ar ambiente. No contexto da pandemia do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) observou-se um crescimento exponencial nos casos sendo a pessoa idosa o grupo populacional mais afetado. Diante do exposto, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever os casos de SRAG, assim como os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde associados ao óbito na população idosa de um município do norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, realizado a partir da análise de dados do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe. As informações foram disponibilizadas pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do município de Passo Fundo entre 01 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2020. A estatística descritiva compreendeu a distribuição das frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%) das variáveis de interesse. Na análise dos fatores associados estimouse razões de odds brutas e ajustadas por meio da Regressão Logística. Foi observado um total de 1.268 notificações por SRAG em idosos, sendo 72% causadas pela covid-19. A letalidade observada foi alta (40,9%), principalmente entre homens e de baixa escolaridade, sendo a presença de algum fator de risco determinante para o óbito, destacando-se a doença renal crônica. Espera-se que as associações evidenciadas neste trabalho possam auxiliar nas políticas de saúde direcionadas à saúde da pessoa idosa, sobretudo pelo fortalecimento das ações na rede de atenção primária. (SRAG constituise constitui se preocupantes 95 ambiente SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 (SARS-CoV-2 observouse observou afetado exposto Sul Brasil Tratase Trata epidemiológico Gripe 0 3 2020 n (n % (% interesse Logística 1268 1 268 1.26 idosos 72 covid19. covid19 covid 19. 19 covid-19 40,9%, 409 40,9% , 40 9 (40,9%) escolaridade destacandose destacando crônica Esperase Espera primária (SARS-CoV- 202 ( 126 26 1.2 7 covid1 covid-1 40,9 4 (40,9% (SARS-CoV 20 12 1. covid- 40, (40,9 (40, (40 (4

Abstract Background Although active commuting is inversely related to cardiovascular disease risk factors, these associations are unknown among Brazilian primary health care users. Objective To investigate the association between active commuting to daily activities and the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between May and August 2019, included primary health care users from all 34 primary health care centers in Passo Fundo, a city in southern Brazil. Cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular diseases, and overweight/obesity) were measured by self-reported medical diagnosis using a questionnaire. Active commuting was analyzed dichotomously: daily commuting on foot or by bicycle was considered active, while daily commuting by car, motorcycle, or bus was considered passive. To determine the association between cardiometabolic diseases and active commuting, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression, considering p <0.05 significant. Results The sample consisted of 1443 patients. There was an inverse association between active commuting and type 2 diabetes (PR: 0.59; 95% CI [Confidence Interval]: 0.39-0.90) and overweight/obesity (PR: 0.83: 95% CI: 0.71-0.98). Conclusion A lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity/overweight was observed in people who actively commute. These findings indicate that changes in urban infrastructure to enable safe active commuting will positively impact the health of the population. factors crosssectional cross sectional study 2019 3 Fundo Brazil hypertension hypercholesterolemia hypertriglyceridemia overweightobesity overweight obesity selfreported self reported questionnaire dichotomously car motorcycle passive PR (PR regression 005 0 05 <0.0 significant 144 patients 0.59 059 59 95 Confidence Interval Interval] 0.390.90 039090 0.39 0.90 39 90 0.39-0.90 0.83 083 83 0.710.98. 071098 0.71 0.98 . 71 98 0.71-0.98) obesityoverweight commute population 201 00 <0. 14 0.5 5 9 390 0.390.9 03909 039 0.3 090 0.9 0.39-0.9 0.8 08 8 710 0.710.98 07109 071 0.7 098 7 0.71-0.98 20 <0 1 0. 0.390. 0390 03 09 0.39-0. 0.710.9 0710 07 0.71-0.9 < 0.390 0.39-0 0.710. 0.71-0. 0.39- 0.710 0.71-0 0.71-

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality statistics in Brazil and worldwide. The evaluation of the temporal and spatial distribution of mortality due to CVD is essential to support actions aimed at monitoring the implementation of health policies. Objectives To analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to CVD from 2009 to 2019, as well as the main causes of death according to gender and age group in nine cities of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Methods This is an ecological study based on data from the Mortality Information System. The rates were stratified according to gender, age group and cause, which were composed of ischemic heart diseases (IHD), cerebrovascular diseases and hypertensive diseases (HD). Prais-Winsten regression was used for time trend estimates. Results Three out of the nine cities analyzed showed a significant reduction in the overall mortality rates due to CVD in the timeframe evaluated (p<0.05). When the cause of death was analyzed, there was a decreasing trend in mortality due to IHD in Caxias do Sul, Ijuí and Porto Alegre. In these cities and also in Passo Fundo and Uruguaiana, there was a decrease in mortality due to cerebrovascular diseases. The cities of Ijuí, Porto Alegre and Santa Maria recorded an increase in hypertensive disease mortality rates. In most cities, there was an increase in rates related to greater age and male sex. Conclusion Heterogeneity was observed in the trend of mortality due to CVD throughout the historical series, which may be related to the execution of public policies and the control of cardiovascular risk factors in the evaluated territories. (CVD worldwide 200 2019 RS. RS . (RS) System IHD, , (IHD) HD. HD (HD) PraisWinsten Prais Winsten estimates p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) Uruguaiana sex series territories 20 201 (RS (IHD (HD p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 2 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Aim: to analyze the temporal trend of mortality from malignant neoplasm of the breast and cervix from 1999 to 2019 in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Methods: a time-series study based on data from the Brazilian Unified Health System's Mortality; standardized coefficients were calculated according to age and schooling, and the temporal trend was evaluated by Prais-Winsten regression. Results: there was stability in the mortality coefficients for cervical cancer (β = -0.03 – 95%CI -0.08;0.02) and formalignant breast cancer (β = -0.006 – 95%CI -0.02;0.01) over the time series; in both types of neoplasms, an ascending trend was identified in women with low schooling; on the other hand, a stationary trend was observed in most of the age strata analyzed. Conclusion: older women and those with up to 7 years of schooling are those with the worst prognosis.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad por neoplasia maligna de mama y cuello uterino, de 1999 a 2019, en Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos: estudio de series temporales a partir de datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad; los coeficientes estandarizados se calcularon según la edad y la educación; y la tendencia, evaluada por regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: hubo estabilidad en los coeficientes de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino (β = -0,03 – IC95% -0,08;0,02) y por el cáncer de mama maligno (β = -0,006 – IC95% -0,02;0,01) a lo largo de la serie temporal; en ambos tipos de neoplasias se identificó una tendencia ascendente en mujeres con baja escolaridad; se observó una tendencia estacionaria en la mayoría de los estratos de edad analizados. Conclusión: las mujeres de mayor edad y con hasta 7 años de escolaridad las de peor pronóstico.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de mama e de colo de útero em Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1999 a 2019. Métodos: estudo de série temporal a partir de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; os coeficientes padronizados de mortalidade foram calculados segundo idade e escolaridade e a tendência, avaliada por regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: observou-se estabilidade nos coeficientes gerais de mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero (β = -0,03 – IC95% -0,08;0,02) e por câncer de mama (β = -0,006 – IC95% -0,02;0,01) no período avaliado; para ambos tipos de câncer, identificou-se tendência ascendente dos coeficientes em mulheres com até 7 anos de estudo; entretanto, tendência estacionária foi observada na maior parte dos estratos etários analisados. Conclusão: mulheres em idades mais avançadas e com baixa escolaridade foram aquelas com pior prognóstico da doença.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de mama e de colo de útero em Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1999 a 2019. Métodos: estudo de série temporal a partir de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; as taxas padronizadas de mortalidade foram calculados segundo idade e escolaridade e a tendência, avaliada por regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: observou-se estabilidade nos coeficientes gerais de mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero (β = -0,03; IC95% -0,08;0,02) e por câncer de mama (β = -0,006; IC95% -0,02;0,01) no período avaliado; para ambos os tipos de câncer, identificou-se tendência ascendente dos coeficientes em mulheres com até 7 anos de estudo; entretanto, tendência estacionária foi observada na maior parte dos estratos etários analisados. Conclusão: mulheres em idades mais avançadas e com baixa escolaridade foram aquelas com pior prognóstico da doença.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to malignant neoplasms of the breast and cervix from 1999 to 2019 in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: this was a time-series study based on data from the Mortality Information System; standardized rates were calculated according to age and schooling, and the temporal trend was assessed using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: the overall mortality coefficients for cervical cancer (β = -0.03; 95%CI -0.08;0.02) and for breast cancer (β = -0.006; 95%CI -0.02;0.01) were stable over the time series; in both types of neoplasms, a rising trend was identified in women with up to 7 years of schooling; on the other hand, a stationary trend was found in the majority of the age strata analyzed. Conclusion: older women and those with low levels of schooling had the worst prognosis.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad por neoplasia maligna de mama y cuello uterino, de 1999 a 2019, en Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos: estudio de series temporales a partir de datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad; las tasas estandarizadas se calcularon según la edad y la educación; y la tendencia, evaluada por regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: hubo estabilidad en los coeficientes de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino (β = -0,03; IC95% -0,08;0,02) y por el cáncer de mama maligno (β = -0,006; IC95% -0,02;0,01) a lo largo de la serie temporal; en ambos tipos de neoplasias se identificó una tendencia ascendente en mujeres con baja escolaridad; se observó una tendencia estacionaria en la mayoría de los estratos de edad analizados. Conclusión: las mujeres de mayor edad y con hasta 7 años de escolaridad fueran las de peor pronóstico.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to malignant neoplasms of the breast and cervix from 1999 to 2019 in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: this was a time-series study based on data from the Mortality Information System; standardized rates were calculated according to age and schooling, and the temporal trend was assessed using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: the overall mortality coefficients for cervical cancer (β = -0.03; 95%CI -0.08;0.02) and for breast cancer (β = -0.006; 95%CI -0.02;0.01) were stable over the time series; in both types of neoplasms, a rising trend was identified in women with up to 7 years of schooling; on the other hand, a stationary trend was found in the majority of the age strata analyzed. Conclusion: older women and those with low levels of schooling had the worst prognosis.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de mama e de colo de útero em Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1999 a 2019. Métodos: estudo de série temporal a partir de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; as taxas padronizadas de mortalidade foram calculados segundo idade e escolaridade e a tendência, avaliada por regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: observou-se estabilidade nos coeficientes gerais de mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero (β = -0,03; IC95% -0,08;0,02) e por câncer de mama (β = -0,006; IC95% -0,02;0,01) no período avaliado; para ambos os tipos de câncer, identificou-se tendência ascendente dos coeficientes em mulheres com até 7 anos de estudo; entretanto, tendência estacionária foi observada na maior parte dos estratos etários analisados. Conclusão: mulheres em idades mais avançadas e com baixa escolaridade foram aquelas com pior prognóstico da doença.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad por neoplasia maligna de mama y cuello uterino, de 1999 a 2019, en Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos: estudio de series temporales a partir de datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad; las tasas estandarizadas se calcularon según la edad y la educación; y la tendencia, evaluada por regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: hubo estabilidad en los coeficientes de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino (β = -0,03; IC95% -0,08;0,02) y por el cáncer de mama maligno (β = -0,006; IC95% -0,02;0,01) a lo largo de la serie temporal; en ambos tipos de neoplasias se identificó una tendencia ascendente en mujeres con baja escolaridad; se observó una tendencia estacionaria en la mayoría de los estratos de edad analizados. Conclusión: las mujeres de mayor edad y con hasta 7 años de escolaridad fueran las de peor pronóstico.

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality statistics in Brazil and worldwide. The evaluation of the temporal and spatial distribution of mortality due to CVD is essential to support actions aimed at monitoring the implementation of health policies. Objectives To analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to CVD from 2009 to 2019, as well as the main causes of death according to gender and age group in nine cities of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Methods This is an ecological study based on data from the Mortality Information System. The rates were stratified according to gender, age group and cause, which were composed of ischemic heart diseases (IHD), cerebrovascular diseases and hypertensive diseases (HD). Prais-Winsten regression was used for time trend estimates. Results Three out of the nine cities analyzed showed a significant reduction in the overall mortality rates due to CVD in the timeframe evaluated (p<0.05). When the cause of death was analyzed, there was a decreasing trend in mortality due to IHD in Caxias do Sul, Ijuí and Porto Alegre. In these cities and also in Passo Fundo and Uruguaiana, there was a decrease in mortality due to cerebrovascular diseases. The cities of Ijuí, Porto Alegre and Santa Maria recorded an increase in hypertensive disease mortality rates. In most cities, there was an increase in rates related to greater age and male sex. Conclusion Heterogeneity was observed in the trend of mortality due to CVD throughout the historical series, which may be related to the execution of public policies and the control of cardiovascular risk factors in the evaluated territories.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of successful assisted reproductive technology and to identify the associated factors. METHODS: This population-based birth cohort study was carried out with 4,333 pregnant women expected to deliver in 2015 in the urban area of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Use of an assisted reproductive technology procedure, type of assisted reproductive technology [in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection or artificial insemination], number of embryos transferred, success of embryo transfer, number of attempts, and reported reasons for seeking assisted reproductive technology were the main outcomes measured. Use of an assisted reproductive technology procedure was analyzed according to sociodemographic, nutritional, reproductive history, and behavioral characteristics. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Among the 4,275 newborns enrolled in the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort Study, 18 births (0.4%) were conceived by assisted reproductive technology. Most cases of assisted reproductive technology were by in vitro fertilization (70.6%). All cycles were performed in private clinics under direct out-of-pocket payment. Even after controlling for confounders, maternal age > 35 years, nulliparity and high family monthly income were strongly associated with assisted reproductive technology. CONCLUSIONS: The use of assisted reproductive technology services was reported by only a few women in the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort Study. Our study highlights sociodemographic factors associated to assisted reproductive technology procedures. To better understand the patterns and barriers in overall use of assisted reproductive technology services over time, national-level trend studies in assisted reproductive technology treatments and outcomes, as well as studies exploring the characteristics of women who have sought this kind of treatment are needed in low-middle income countries.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of successful assisted reproductive technology and to identify the associated factors. METHODS: This population-based birth cohort study was carried out with 4,333 pregnant women expected to deliver in 2015 in the urban area of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Use of an assisted reproductive technology procedure, type of assisted reproductive technology [in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection or artificial insemination], number of embryos transferred, success of embryo transfer, number of attempts, and reported reasons for seeking assisted reproductive technology were the main outcomes measured. Use of an assisted reproductive technology procedure was analyzed according to sociodemographic, nutritional, reproductive history, and behavioral characteristics. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Among the 4,275 newborns enrolled in the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort Study, 18 births (0.4%) were conceived by assisted reproductive technology. Most cases of assisted reproductive technology were by in vitro fertilization (70.6%). All cycles were performed in private clinics under direct out-of-pocket payment. Even after controlling for confounders, maternal age > 35 years, nulliparity and high family monthly income were strongly associated with assisted reproductive technology. CONCLUSIONS: The use of assisted reproductive technology services was reported by only a few women in the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort Study. Our study highlights sociodemographic factors associated to assisted reproductive technology procedures. To better understand the patterns and barriers in overall use of assisted reproductive technology services over time, national-level trend studies in assisted reproductive technology treatments and outcomes, as well as studies exploring the characteristics of women who have sought this kind of treatment are needed in low-middle income countries.

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi estimar o bem-estar subjetivo e fatores associados entre trabalhadores da indústria brasileira. Foi realizado um inquérito transversal em uma amostra representativa de 23 Estados brasileiros e Distrito Federal. O estudo usou um questionário para investigar o bem-estar relatado pelo próprio trabalhador como variável-desfecho. Foi utilizada regressão logística multivariada nas análises brutas e ajustadas. Do total de 47.477 trabalhadores, 93% tiveram uma percepção positiva do seu próprio bem-estar. O bem-estar subjetivo esteve associado aos seguintes fatores: gênero masculino (OR = 1,35; IC95%:1,28; 1,43); idade abaixo de 30 anos (OR = 1,24; IC95%: 1,12; 1,39); Região Sul (OR = 1,99; IC95%: 1,83; 2,16) e renda mais alta. A percepção de bem-estar positivo foi alta entre trabalhadores da indústria brasileira. Fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais, de suporte social e de autorrelato de questões de saúde mostraram associação com o bem-estar subjetivo.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to estimate self-perception of well-being and associated factors among industrial workers in Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out with a representative sample from 23 Brazilian states and the Federal District. Self-reported of well-being was investigated by questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. For 93% of the 47,477 industrial workers, the perception of well-being was positive. Those who had the highest chances of being in the category of best perception of well-being were: male workers (OR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.28; 1.43); those aged under thirty years old (OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.12; 1.39); those from Southern Brazil (OR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.83; 2.16); and people with a high income. The prevalence of positive well-being was high. Sociodemographic, behavioral and social support characteristics, as well as the characteristics related to self-report on health were associated with well-being.

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue estimar el bienestar subjetivo y factores asociados entre trabajadores de la industria brasileña. Se realizó una encuesta transversal en una muestra representativa de los 23 estados brasileños y Distrito Federal. El estudio usó un cuestionario para investigar el bienestar informado por el propio trabajador como variable-desenlace. Se utilizó la regresión logística multivariada en los análisis brutos y ajustados. De un total de 47.477 trabajadores, un 93% tuvieron una percepción positiva de su propio bienestar. El bienestar subjetivo estuvo asociado a los siguientes factores: género masculino (OR = 1,35; IC95%: 1,28; 1,43); edad por debajo de los 30 años (OR = 1,24; IC95%: 1,12; 1,39); región sur (OR = 1,99; IC95%: 1,83; 2,16) y renta más alta. Había una alta prevalencia de bienestar positivo. Los factores sociodemográficos, comportamentales, de apoyo social y de autoinforme de cuestiones de salud mostraron una asociación con el bienestar subjetivo.

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi estimar o bem-estar subjetivo e fatores associados entre trabalhadores da indústria brasileira. Foi realizado um inquérito transversal em uma amostra representativa de 23 Estados brasileiros e Distrito Federal. O estudo usou um questionário para investigar o bem-estar relatado pelo próprio trabalhador como variável-desfecho. Foi utilizada regressão logística multivariada nas análises brutas e ajustadas. Do total de 47.477 trabalhadores, 93% tiveram uma percepção positiva do seu próprio bem-estar. O bem-estar subjetivo esteve associado aos seguintes fatores: gênero masculino (OR = 1,35; IC95%:1,28; 1,43); idade abaixo de 30 anos (OR = 1,24; IC95%: 1,12; 1,39); Região Sul (OR = 1,99; IC95%: 1,83; 2,16) e renda mais alta. A percepção de bem-estar positivo foi alta entre trabalhadores da indústria brasileira. Fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais, de suporte social e de autorrelato de questões de saúde mostraram associação com o bem-estar subjetivo.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to estimate self-perception of well-being and associated factors among industrial workers in Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out with a representative sample from 23 Brazilian states and the Federal District. Self-reported of well-being was investigated by questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. For 93% of the 47,477 industrial workers, the perception of well-being was positive. Those who had the highest chances of being in the category of best perception of well-being were: male workers (OR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.28; 1.43); those aged under thirty years old (OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.12; 1.39); those from Southern Brazil (OR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.83; 2.16); and people with a high income. The prevalence of positive well-being was high. Sociodemographic, behavioral and social support characteristics, as well as the characteristics related to self-report on health were associated with well-being.

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue estimar el bienestar subjetivo y factores asociados entre trabajadores de la industria brasileña. Se realizó una encuesta transversal en una muestra representativa de los 23 estados brasileños y Distrito Federal. El estudio usó un cuestionario para investigar el bienestar informado por el propio trabajador como variable-desenlace. Se utilizó la regresión logística multivariada en los análisis brutos y ajustados. De un total de 47.477 trabajadores, un 93% tuvieron una percepción positiva de su propio bienestar. El bienestar subjetivo estuvo asociado a los siguientes factores: género masculino (OR = 1,35; IC95%: 1,28; 1,43); edad por debajo de los 30 años (OR = 1,24; IC95%: 1,12; 1,39); región sur (OR = 1,99; IC95%: 1,83; 2,16) y renta más alta. Había una alta prevalencia de bienestar positivo. Los factores sociodemográficos, comportamentales, de apoyo social y de autoinforme de cuestiones de salud mostraron una asociación con el bienestar subjetivo.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a tendência de mortalidade materna no Brasil e nas cinco regiões brasileiras, de 2001 a 2012, e descrever suas principais causas. Métodos: Trata-se de uma série temporal, a partir de dados obtidos no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos. A razão de mortalidade materna e as causas de morte materna foram descritas conforme as categorias da 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças, nos anos de 2001, 2006 e 2011. Para estimar a tendência temporal foi utilizada a regressão linear. Resultados: A razão de mortalidade materna mais elevada no Brasil foi no ano de 2009 (77,31 por 100 mil nascidos vivos). Foi observada tendência significativa de diminuição da razão de mortalidade materna para as regiões Nordeste e Sul e de aumento na região Centro-Oeste. Houve incremento nas mortes por outras afecções obstétricas e uma queda nas mortes por edema, proteinúria e transtornos hipertensivos. Conclusão: Embora tenham sido observadas tendências de diminuição da razão de mortalidade materna para o Nordeste e o Sul, as elevadas taxas observadas para o Brasil evidenciam a necessidade de melhoria à assistência pré-natal, ao parto e ao puerpério.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess time trends in maternal mortality in Brazil and its five geographical regions from 2001 to 2012, as well as to describe its main causes. Methods: This is a time series analysis, from data obtained in the Mortality Information System (SIM) and in the Live Births Information System (SINASC). Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and causes of maternal death were described according to the categories of the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases, in the years 2001, 2006, and 2011. To estimate time trends, linear regression was used. Results: The highest MMR in Brazil was observed in 2009 (77.31 per 100,000 live births). A significant decreasing trend was observed in the Northeast and South regions and a significant increasing trend was found in the Midwest. There was an increase in deaths from other obstetric conditions and a decrease in deaths from edema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders. Conclusion: Although there was a decreasing trend in the MMR in the Northeast and South regions, the high ratio observed in Brazil reveals the need to improve health care in prenatal, childbirth, and puerperium periods.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a tendência de mortalidade materna no Brasil e nas cinco regiões brasileiras, de 2001 a 2012, e descrever suas principais causas. Métodos: Trata-se de uma série temporal, a partir de dados obtidos no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos. A razão de mortalidade materna e as causas de morte materna foram descritas conforme as categorias da 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças, nos anos de 2001, 2006 e 2011. Para estimar a tendência temporal foi utilizada a regressão linear. Resultados: A razão de mortalidade materna mais elevada no Brasil foi no ano de 2009 (77,31 por 100 mil nascidos vivos). Foi observada tendência significativa de diminuição da razão de mortalidade materna para as regiões Nordeste e Sul e de aumento na região Centro-Oeste. Houve incremento nas mortes por outras afecções obstétricas e uma queda nas mortes por edema, proteinúria e transtornos hipertensivos. Conclusão: Embora tenham sido observadas tendências de diminuição da razão de mortalidade materna para o Nordeste e o Sul, as elevadas taxas observadas para o Brasil evidenciam a necessidade de melhoria à assistência pré-natal, ao parto e ao puerpério.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess time trends in maternal mortality in Brazil and its five geographical regions from 2001 to 2012, as well as to describe its main causes. Methods: This is a time series analysis, from data obtained in the Mortality Information System (SIM) and in the Live Births Information System (SINASC). Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and causes of maternal death were described according to the categories of the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases, in the years 2001, 2006, and 2011. To estimate time trends, linear regression was used. Results: The highest MMR in Brazil was observed in 2009 (77.31 per 100,000 live births). A significant decreasing trend was observed in the Northeast and South regions and a significant increasing trend was found in the Midwest. There was an increase in deaths from other obstetric conditions and a decrease in deaths from edema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders. Conclusion: Although there was a decreasing trend in the MMR in the Northeast and South regions, the high ratio observed in Brazil reveals the need to improve health care in prenatal, childbirth, and puerperium periods.

OBJETIVO Avaliar o custo de internações por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis atribuível à inatividade física. MÉTODOS Este estudo utilizou dados de 2013, do Sistema Único de Saúde, referentes ao número e respectivo custo das internações por neoplasia maligna de cólon e mama, doenças cerebrovasculares, doenças isquêmicas do coração, hipertensão, diabetes e osteoporose. Para o cálculo da fração atribuível à inatividade física foram considerados os riscos relativos da inatividade física a cada doença e a prevalência de inatividade física no lazer foi obtida da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio. A análise foi estratificada por sexo e região do País de indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos. O custo das internações de cada causa atribuível à inatividade física foi multiplicado pela respectiva fração a ela atribuível. RESULTADOS Foram realizadas 974.641 internações hospitalares por sete causas de internações no Brasil, em 2013, o que representou custo alto. A região Sul apresentou a maior taxa de internação na maioria das causas estudadas. A maior prevalência de inatividade física ocorreu nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. A maior fração atribuível à inatividade em homens foi encontrada para a osteoporose em todas as regiões (≈ 35,0%), enquanto o diabetes apresentou maior fração atribuível à inatividade em mulheres (variação de 33,0% a 37,0% nas regiões). As doenças isquêmicas do coração foram responsáveis pelos mais altos custos totais e atribuíveis à inatividade física em todas as regiões e em ambos os sexos, seguidas das doenças cerebrovasculares. Aproximadamente 15,0% dos custos ao Sistema Único de Saúde das internações foi atribuível à inatividade física. CONCLUSÕES A inatividade física impacta significativamente o número de internações hospitalares pelas causas avaliadas e nos custos resultantes, com diferenças na ocorrência dependendo do sexo e região do País.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the physical inactivity-related inpatient costs of chronic non-communicable diseases. METHODS This study used data from 2013, from Brazilian Unified Health System, regarding inpatient numbers and costs due to malignant colon and breast neoplasms, cerebrovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and osteoporosis. In order to calculate the share physical inactivity represents in that, the physical inactivity-related risks, which apply to each disease, were considered, and physical inactivity prevalence during leisure activities was obtained from Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (Brazil's National Household Sample Survey). The analysis was stratified by genders and residing country regions of subjects who were 40 years or older. The physical inactivity-related hospitalization cost regarding each cause was multiplied by the respective share it regarded to. RESULTS In 2013, 974,641 patients were admitted due to seven different causes in Brazil, which represented a high cost. South region was found to have the highest patient admission rate in most studied causes. The highest prevalences for physical inactivity were observed in North and Northeast regions. The highest inactivity-related share in men was found for osteoporosis in all regions (≈ 35.0%), whereas diabetes was found to have a higher share regarding inactivity in women (33.0% to 37.0% variation in the regions). Ischemic heart diseases accounted for the highest total costs that could be linked to physical inactivity in all regions and for both genders, being followed by cerebrovascular diseases. Approximately 15.0% of inpatient costs from Brazilian Unified Health System were connected to physical inactivity. CONCLUSIONS Physical inactivity significantly impacts the number of patient admissions due to the evaluated causes and through their resulting costs, with different genders and country regions representing different shares.