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[SciELO Preprints] - Passifloraceae s.s. from the São Luís Island, Maranhão State, Brazil
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Garcia, Amanda Letícia Silva, Eduardo Oliveira Ferreira, Alessandro Wagner Coelho Marinho, Lucas Cardoso

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Publication date: 2023-05-16

Abstract: En Pt

The São Luís Island, Maranhão State, is an ecotonal region, a mix of humid forest, cocais forest, dune vegetation, restingas and mangroves. Unlike the interior of the State, their coastal areas have a gap in knowledge of the Passifloraceae. Here, through field expeditions and herbaria visit, we provide taxonomic treatment, identification key and comments on the Passifloraceae of the São Luís Island. Ten species were recorded: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast., and P. vespertilio L. Passiflora picturata and P. misera were recorded for the first time on São Luís Island.

A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-56/2022

4-amino-2-phenyl-6-(p-fluorophenyl)-5-carbonitrile-pyrimidine-bis-substituted-loaded liposomes as promising system for cancer treatment
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OLIVEIRA, JANICE V.

; ALMEIDA, GLEYBSON C.

; NOGUEIRA, MARIANE C.B.L.

; AGUIAR JÚNIOR, FRANCISCO C.A.

; MELO, AUDENES O.

; SILVA, THIAGO D.S.

; SANTOS, NOEMIA P.S.

; MAGALHÃES, NEREIDE S.S.

; MELO, SEBASTIÃO J.

; FALCÃO, EMERSON P.S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20211078

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of the present study was to perform in vitro and in vivo assessments of the antineoplastic action of 4-amino-pyrimidine encapsulated in liposomes. Liposomes were prepared and characterized for particle size and drug encapsulation and submitted to long-term stability tests. Cytotoxicity assays were performed in HeLa cells. Antineoplastic activity was investigated using the experimental sarcoma 180 tumor in Swiss albino mice. Encapsulation efficiency was 82.93 ± 0.04% and no significant changes were found with respect to particle size or pH after centrifugation and mechanical agitation tests. The in vitro results at concentration of 20 μg/mL indicated a considerable reduction in cell viability after treatment with encapsulated pyrimidine (75.91%). The in vivo assays using the compounds in encapsulated and free forms and 5-fluorouracil achieved tumor inhibition rates of 66.47 ± 26.8%, 50.46 ± 16.24% and 14.47 ± 9.22%, respectively. Mitotic counts demonstrated a greater reduction in the number of mitoses in animals treated with liposomal pyrimidine (32.15%) compared to those treated with the pyrimidine free (87.69%) and 5-fluorouracil (71.39%). This study demonstrated that the development of liposome formulations containing 4-amino-pyrimidine is a promising alternative for overcoming limitations related to the toxicity of current cancer treatment, ensuring greater therapeutic efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211078

Evaluation of phosphorus levels in bones and serum of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) before and after supplementation with a selective mineral mixture
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Oliveira, Carlos M.C.

; Bomjardim, Henrique A.

; Silveira, Natália S.S.

; Silveira, José Alcides S.

; Faial, Kelson C.F.

; Silva Filho, Ednaldo

; Salvarani, Felipe M.

; Barbosa, José D.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07130

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate phosphorus (P) concentration in serum and bone, the percentage of ash and the specific bone density of buffaloes on Ilha de Marajó before and after mineral supplementation. For this study, 14 crossbred buffaloes of Murrah and Mediterranean descent aged between 18 and 36 months were used. The average values of P before supplementation in serum and bone, the percentage of bone ash and the specific bone density were 5.68mg/dL±1.18, 16.53%±0.53, 59.95%±1.96 and 1.52g/cm3±0.32, respectively, which demonstrated P deficiency in animals raised on Ilha de Marajó. After supplementation with P for a period of seven months, the values were 6.61mg/dL±0.87, 16.90%±0.56 and 60.30%±0.95 and 1.71g/cm3±0.21, respectively. These results showed a significant increase in P concentration in blood serum, specific bone density and percentage of P in ash (P<0.05), but there was no significant increase in the percentage of ash. The average increase in P in the serum and ash did not reach normal levels in all animals; however, 28.6% of the animals had normal values of P in serum and 50% in the ash, and 64.3% had normal specific bone density values. The nonre-establishment, in some of the animals, of the variables of P serum and bone after supplementation for seven months may have occurred as a result of the low intake of the mineral mixture and by the low concentration of P in the Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu used for feeding animals during the experiment.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar as concentrações de fósforo (P) no soro e no osso, o percentual de cinzas e a densidade óssea específica em búfalas da Ilha de Marajó antes e após suplementação mineral seletiva. Foram utilizadas 14 búfalas mestiças de Murrah com Mediterrânea, com idades entre 18 e 36 meses. Os valores médios de P, antes da suplementação, no soro, no osso, o percentual de cinzas e a densidade óssea específica foram de 5,68mg/dL±1,18, 16,53%±0,53, 59,95%±1,96 e 1,52g/cm3±0,32, respectivamente, o que demonstra deficiência de P nos animais criados na Ilha de Marajó. Após a suplementação com P por um período de sete meses os valores foram 6,61mg/dl±0,87, 16,90%±0,56 e 60,30%±0,95 e 1,71g/cm3±0,21 respectivamente. Esses resultados caracterizam um aumento significativo nas concentrações de P no soro sanguíneo, na densidade óssea específica e no percentual de P nas cinzas (P<0,05), porém não houve um aumento significativo no percentual de cinzas. O aumento médio nos valores de P no soro e nas cinzas não alcançou patamares de normalidade em todas as búfalas, entretanto 28,6% delas tinham valores normais de P no soro e 50% nas cinzas, 64,3% tinham valores normais da densidade óssea específica. O não restabelecimento, em parte dos animais, das variáveis ósseas e sanguíneas após suplementação com P durante sete meses pode ter ocorrido em virtude da baixa ingestão da mistura mineral e da baixa concentração de P em Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu utilizada para alimentação dos animais durante o experimento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7130

Real-time PCR quantification and histopathological findings of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the lungs of pigs slaughtered in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Rodrigues, Odinéa A.F.

; Dias, Elaine F.

; Freitas, Fernanda M.

; Moreira, Wendel F.F.

; Bezerra, Nancyleni P.C.

; Ribeiro, Diego Luiz S.

; Carvalho Neta, Alcina V.

; Abreu-Silva, Ana Lúcia

; Machado, Rosângela Z.

; Ribeiro, Larissa S.S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07233

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Porcine enzootic pneumonia (PES), mainly caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is the main cause of respiratory problems in pigs. Infection by M. hyopneumoniae leads to production losses and the predisposition of affected animals to secondary infections, which may result in the condemnation of carcasses and organs due to lung lesions at the time of slaughter. The objective of the research was to evaluate the infection by M. hyopneumoniae in pigs submitted to slaughter in São Luís Island/MA, using molecular and histopathological diagnostic methods. One hundred fifty lung samples were collected from inspected (n=65) and non-inspected (n=85) slaughter pigs on São Luís Island, Maranhão, from July 2019 to August 2021. Of the 150 DNA samples collected, 121 showed an amplified product for Cyt B in the PCR assay. Thus, 121 samples were submitted to qPCR of M. hyopneumoniae, of which 44 (36.36%) showed positive results. The mean amount of bacterial load ranged from 1.20 × 101 to 7.20 × 104, with a mean of 1.73 × 104 copies. Of the reagent samples, 81.81% (36 samples) were obtained from non-inspected slaughter, while 18.18% (8 samples) were obtained from slaughterhouses. In the histopathological analysis, 44 positive qPCR samples were evaluated, of which 28 (63.63%) presented results compatible with the main inflammatory process associated with the presence of M. hyopneumoniae, that is, bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia (BALT). Three samples that showed the highest bacterial load (qPCR: 5.63 × 10³, 2.19 × 104 and 7.23 × 104) showed more evident lesions in this study. The microscopic findings associated with the quantifications indicated a relationship between the amount of bacterial load and the presence of microscopic lesions; higher bacterial load in lung tissue is associated with increased histopathologic staining for BALT hyperplasia. In conclusion, the results point to the circulation of the etiological agent in the sampled animals and the need for preventive measures on pig farms in Maranhão with the involvement of producers, sanitary defense and inspection agencies.

RESUMO: A pneumonia enzoótica suína (PES), causada principalmente pela bactéria Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, é a principal causa de problemas respiratórios em suínos. A infecção por M. hyopneumoniae leva a perdas produtivas e a predisposição dos animais acometidos a infecções secundárias, o que pode resultar em condenação de carcaças e órgãos por lesões pulmonares no momento do abate. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a infecção por M. hyopneumoniae em suínos submetidos ao abate na Ilha de São Luís, por meio de métodos diagnósticos moleculares e histopatológicos. Para isso, foram coletadas 150 amostras de pulmão de suínos de abate inspecionado (n=65) e não inspecionado (n=85) na Ilha de São Luís/Maranhão, no período de julho de 2019 a agosto de 2021. Das 150 amostras de DNA coletadas, 121 apresentaram produto amplificado para Cyt B no ensaio de PCR. Assim, 121 amostras foram submetidas à qPCR de M. hyopneumoniae, das quais 44 (36,36%) apresentaram resultados positivos. A quantidade média de carga bacteriana variou de 1,20 × 101 a 7,20 × 104, com média de 1,73 × 104 cópias. Das amostras reagentes, 81,81% (36 amostras) foram obtidas de abate não inspecionado, enquanto 18,18% (8 amostras) foram obtidas em abatedouro. Na análise histopatológica, foram avaliadas 44 amostras positivas para qPCR, das quais 28 (63,63%) apresentaram resultados compatíveis com o principal processo inflamatório associado à presença de M. hyopneumoniae, ou seja, hiperplasia do tecido linfóide associado ao brônquio (BALT). Três amostras que apresentaram maior carga bacteriana (qPCR: 5,63 × 10³, 2,19 × 104 e 7,23 × 104) foram mais evidentes neste estudo. Os achados microscópicos associados às quantificações indicaram uma relação entre a quantidade de carga bacteriana e a presença de lesão microscópica; a maior carga bacteriana no tecido pulmonar está associada a maior alteração histopatológica para hiperplasia BALT. Em conclusão, os resultados obtidos sinalizam para a circulação do agente etiológico nos animais amostrados e a necessidade de medidas preventivas nas criações de suínos do estado do Maranhão com envolvimento dos produtores, órgãos de defesa sanitária e inspeção.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7233

Deep sea ecosystem exploration and ‘health check’: sampling strategy and methods applied during the iAtlantic_BR10_Petrobras cruise in the Santos Basin, Southwest Atlantic
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Perez, Jose Angel A.

; Barros Neto, Halésio M.C. de

; Arantes, Renata C.M.

; Gaurisas, Daniela Y.

; Silva, Camila F.

; Alves, Fernanda Maria M.

; Costa, Júlia A.

; Eloi, Paula D.C.

; Fonseca, Thayse S.

; Gavazzoni, Lucas

; Lonskis, Isabella da S.

; Nardi, Ricardo U.

; Nascimento, Pedro O.

; Rodrigues, João Vitor M.

; Santos, Ana Lara F. dos

; Santos, Edson C. dos

; Schroeder, Rafael

; Silva, Luis Carlos da

; Souza, Fernanda dos S.S. de

; Bernardino, Ângelo F.

; Cavalcanti, Guarani H.

; Lindner, Alberto

; Mahiques, Michel M. de

; Millo, Christian

; Reis, Priscila

; Sweetman, Andrew K.

; Roberts, J. Murray

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23046

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The iAtlantic Project has established an international collaborative strategy to improve mapping and characterization of deep and open ocean ecosystems in understudied regions of the Atlantic and evaluate their health. In December 2022, the first iAtlantic expedition in the South Atlantic set off to map and explore seafloor ecosystems in the Santos Basin slope (200-1,000 m depths) in collaboration with the Petrobras ‘Santos Basin - Regional Characterization Project.’ The 17-day ‘iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras’ cruise was conducted on board the research vessel NPqHOc Vital de Oliveira (Brazilian Navy) and performed (a) water column structure characterization, (b) seafloor morphology mapping, (c) description of benthic habitats and communities by seafloor imagery and biological/ geological sampling, and (d) ex-situ experiments to assess the functioning of sedimentary ecosystems and their responses to climate-related environmental changes. This study describes the rationale behind the iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras cruise science plan, reports its sampling strategy and methods, and summarizes its collected data and preliminary results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23069jaap

Bovine genital leptospirosis: Findings in bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions
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Barnabé, Nathanael N.C.

; Soares, Rafael R.

; Nogueira, Denise B.

; Araújo Júnior, João P.

; Malossi, Camila D.

; Costa, Diego F.

; Silva, Maria L.C.R.

; Higino, Severino S.S.

; Azevedo, Sérgio S.

; Alves, Clebert J.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07376

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a disease that causes economic and social impact, as it affects wild and domestic animals and humans. There may be peculiarities in the epidemiology of this disease in the Caatinga biome, Brazil, where the environment is adverse and the etiologic agent, Leptospira spp., requires alternative transmission routes. Considering that in bovine leptospirosis the genital carrier is constantly neglected and the lack of reports on the role of bulls in the epidemiology of the bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) syndrome, mainly in semiarid conditions such as Caatinga biome, this study aimed to investigate bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions as genital carriers of leptospires. Urinary tract (urine, bladder, and kidney) and reproductive tract (vas deferens, cauda epididymis, and vesicular gland) samples were collected from 42 slaughtered bulls. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microbiological isolation were included as diagnostic methods. Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies were found in 17 (40.48%) animals, while 26 animals (61.90%) had at least one organ or urine with leptospiral DNA, and 10 animals (23.81%) were positive at bacteriological culture. Sequenced samples targeting the LipL32 gene showed 99% similarity with Leptospira borgpetersenii. Molecular analysis of samples from the vas deferens and cauda epididymis is recommended for the diagnosis of genital leptospirosis in bulls and, if it is impossible to collect these tissues, semen can be used. In conclusion, this study provides important information relating to bulls from the Caatinga biome, Brazil, as carriers of genital leptospirosis. The results indicate that, even under adverse environmental conditions, leptospires may survive and propagate, mainly due to the characteristic of genital carriers for the sexually spreading of adapted Leptospira species without influence by external variables. Thus, prevention and control strategies for bovine leptospirosis need to include actions aimed at the genital carrier.

RESUMO: A leptospirose é uma doença que causa impacto econômico e social, pois afeta animais silvestres, domésticos e humanos. É possível que existam peculiaridades na epidemiologia desta doença no bioma Caatinga, Brasil, onde o ambiente é adverso e o agente etiológico, Leptospira spp., requer vias alternativas de transmissão. Considerando que na leptospirose bovina o portador genital é constantemente negligenciado e a falta de relatos sobre o papel dos touros na epidemiologia da síndrome da leptospirose genital bovina (BGL), principalmente em condições semiáridas como no bioma Caatinga, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar touros mantidos em condições do bioma Caatinga como portadores genitais de leptospiras. Amostras do trato urinário (urina, bexiga e rim) e do trato reprodutivo (ducto deferente, cauda do epidídimo e glândula vesicular) foram coletadas de 42 touros abatidos. Teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e isolamento microbiológico foram incluídos como métodos de diagnóstico. Anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. foram encontrados em 17 (40,48%) animais, enquanto 26 animais (61,90%) apresentaram pelo menos um órgão ou urina com DNA leptospírico, e 10 animais (23,81%) foram positivos na cultura bacteriológica. As amostras sequenciadas a partir do gene LipL32 apresentaram 99% de similaridade com Leptospira borgpetersenii. Recomenda-se a análise molecular de amostras de ducto deferente e cauda do epidídimo para o diagnóstico de leptospirose genital em touros e, na impossibilidade da coleta desses tecidos, o sêmen pode ser utilizado. Em conclusão, este estudo fornece informações importantes sobre touros do bioma Caatinga, Brasil, como portadores de leptospirose genital. Os resultados indicam que, mesmo em condições ambientais adversas, as leptospiras podem sobreviver e se propagar, principalmente devido à característica de os portadores genitais disseminarem sexualmente espécies adaptadas de Leptospira sem influência de variáveis externas. Assim, as estratégias de prevenção e controle da leptospirose bovina precisam incluir ações voltadas para o portador genital.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7376

Passifloraceae s.s. da Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, Brasil ss s s.s Luís Maranhão
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Garcia, Amanda Letícia

; Silva, Eduardo Oliveira

; Ferreira, Alessandro Wagner Coelho

; Marinho, Lucas Cardoso

Hoehnea

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2023, Volume 50 elocation e562022

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís. Luís Maranhão configurase configura se ecotonal úmida matadecocais, matadecocais mata cocais, cocais mata-de-cocais dunas manguezais Aqui herbários taxonômico Kunth P Sims L Cav Cav. Gawl Gawl. Mast

ABSTRACT The São Luís Island, Maranhão State, is an ecotonal region, a mix of humid forest, cocais forest, dune vegetation, restingas and mangroves. Unlike the interior of the State, their coastal areas have a gap in knowledge of the Passifloraceae. Here, through field expeditions and herbaria visit, we provide a taxonomic treatment, identification key and comments on the Passifloraceae of the São Luís Island. Ten species were recorded: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast., and P. vespertilio L. Passiflora picturata and P. misera were recorded for the first time on São Luís Island. Island State region forest vegetation mangroves Here visit treatment Kunth P Sims L Cav Cav. Gawl Gawl. Mast Mast.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906e562022

Structure and molecular genetic diversity in natural populations and active germplasm banks of Passiflora cincinnata Mast.
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Silva, Thalana S.S.

; Meira, Messulan R.

; Vieira, João Guilherme P.

; Santos, Elisa S.L.

; Jesus, Onildo N. de

; Faleiro, Fábio G.

; Cerqueira-Silva, Carlos B.M.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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dec 2022, Volume 82 N. 4 Pages 628 - 637

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Passiflora cincinnata Mast. is a wild passion fruit species widely distributed in Brazil, with diverse economic potential and source of resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Despite this, molecular genetic studies on this species are incipient, which limits the definition of priority regions for conservation and identification of accessions to be prospected for germplasm banks and inserted in genetic improvement programs. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the structure and genetic diversity of P. cincinnata accessions using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The study was carried out using leaf samples from 213 accessions of P. cincinnata, with 158 accessions from six natural populations (collectively considered in this study as a hypothetical metapopulation) in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and the other 55 accessions from two collections of Embrapa Cerrados and Embrapa Cassava & Fruits active germplasm banks (AGBs). Genetic estimates were based on an analysis of the amplification profile of 12 ISSR primers. Descriptive statistics analysis and the polymorphic information content (PIC) and expected heterozygosity (He) estimates were carried out using the GENES software. Approaches based on the Bayesian model, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) were used to assess the genetic structure. Passiflora cincinnata populations/collections showed high polymorphism rates. The metapopulation showed 25.3% of private markers/alleles. The metapopulation is structured in at least three genetic groups, while AGBs in two genetic groups. AMOVA indicated higher diversity within populations, with low differentiation between them.

4 downloads

Factors affecting executive function performance of Brazilian elderly in the Stroop test
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Braga, P.L.G.

; Henrique, J.S.

; Almeida, S.S.

; Arida, R.M.

; Gomes da Silva, S.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e11917

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Aging is related to a decrease in physiological abilities, especially cognitive functions. To unravel further evidence of age-related cognitive decline, we analyzed which physical and functional variables are predictors of cognitive performance in a sample of 498 Brazilian elderly (67.26% women). To do so, we used the Stroop test as a tool to evaluate executive functions and the General functional fitness index (GFFI) to evaluate the functional fitness of the participants. A linear regression analysis revealed that female sex (β=-0.097; t=-2.286; P=0.023), younger age (β=0.205; t=4.606; P<0.0001), more years of education (β=-0.280; t=-6.358; P<0.0001), and higher GFFI (β=-0.101; t=-2.347; P<0.02) were predictors of better cognitive performance. Body mass index (kg/m2) and nutritional status (underweight, eutrophic, overweight, or obese) were not predictors of cognitive performance. Interestingly, among the GFFI tasks, muscle strength influenced the test execution time, both in upper and lower limbs (elbow flexion: β=-0.201; t=-4.672; P<0.0001; sit-to-stand: β=-0.125; t=-2.580; P<0.01). Our findings showed that: 1) women performed the Stroop test faster than men; 2) the older the person, the lower was the cognitive performance; 3) the higher the education, the better the test execution time; and 4) higher scores in the GFFI were associated with a better performance in the Stroop test. Therefore, gender, age, education, and functional fitness and capacity were predictors of cognitive performance in the elderly.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2022e11917

10.

The role of serum levels of vitamin D in children's muscle strength: A systematic review
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Silva, Ana B.J. da

; Carmo, Taciane S. do

; Souza, Ana P.S.

; Silva, Mariluce R.M.

; Fernandes, Matheus S.S.

; Souza, Viviane O.N.

; Barros, Waleska M.A.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3200

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This review aims to investigate the different levels of vitamin D and its role in muscle strength in healthy children and non-athletes. A search conducted in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Psycinfo) resulted in 655 articles, which were systematically analyzed and selected based on the following criteria: (a) original cross-sectional studies and clinical trials; (b) healthy children aged 5-11 years; (c) no language restriction or year of publication; and (d) studies that assessed the possible relationship between vitamin D levels and muscle strength. Six studies were included because they met all the inclusion criteria. According to the findings of this review, factors such as sex, skin color, and vitamin D supplementation early in life modulate the levels of vitamin D in the body, and there is a relationship between muscle strength and vitamin D levels. Interestingly, vitamin D supplementation is not always significantly associated with increased muscle grip strength. However, there is a scarcity of studies that aim to analyze the possible effects of different levels of vitamin D on muscle function and neuromuscular variables in physically inactive children and non-athletes without previously diagnosed disease. Further studies are warranted in the future to address the gap in the literature.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3200 123 downloads

11.

The Effect of Pre-Harvest Application of Pectic Oligosaccharides and Abscisic Acid on Technological Ripening and Anthocyanin Profile of 'Syrah' Must and Grapes Grown in a Warm Climate
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Sandoval-Silva, S.S.

; Aispuro-Hernández, E.

; Corrales-Maldonado, C.

; Vargas-Arispuro, I.

; Martínez-Téllez, M.A.

South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture

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2021, Volume 42 N. 1 Pages 67 - 76

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The progressive increase of environmental temperature as a consequence of climate change is a challenge for the wine industry. Elevated temperatures during grape ripening affect the development of grape skin color by inhibiting the synthesis of pigments and promoting their degradation, which causes an imbalance in the chromatic quality of must and red wine. The application of pectic oligosaccharides (POs) and abscisic acid (ABA) triggers the phenylpropanoid pathway and increases the color index in grapes. Since the at-harvest pigments and phenolic compounds are determinant for wine quality, this work addressed the pre-harvest application of POs and ABA as an in-field strategy for improving the quality of Syrah must and grapes grown in a warm climate. The color development, physicochemical parameters, phenolic content, and pigments in berries and must were evaluated. Results showed POs and ABA improved berry color development and anthocyanin content during ripening. Musts from POs-treated berries exhibited the highest phenols concentration and the most intense color, related to higher chroma values and anthocyanin content, particularly delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin 3-glucosides, while ABA improved must tonality by reducing the hue angle. In summary, POs and ABA application at veráison, differentially modulated the technological ripening of Syrah grapes and can be an alternative to conventional agrochemicals to preserve the quality of musts elaborated from grapes grown in warm climates, by increasing the content of phenolic compounds and enhancing berry skin color development through the differential accumulation of anthocyanins.

https://doi.org/10.21548/42-1-4343 59 downloads

12.

Post-seminal development and cryopreservation of endemic or endangered bromeliads
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SILVA, SIMONE S.S.

; SOUZA, EVERTON H.

; SOUZA, FERNANDA V.D.

; MAX, DANIELA A.S.

; ROSSI, MONICA L.

; COSTA, MARIA A.P.C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 1 elocation e20191133

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Vriesea bahiana, Hohenbergia castellanosii and Encholirium spectabile are endemic Brazilian species that are considered endemic or endangered. Development of strategies to conserve these species is important to prevent irreversible genetic erosion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-seminal development and seed cryopreservation of three endemic or in danger of extinction bromeliad species in Brazil, to obtain a protocol that can safeguard the genetic variability of these species. In the seed cryopreservation assay, we evaluated five desiccation periods. The seeds in the cryotubes were taken from the desiccator and immediately plunged into liquid nitrogen. For the analysis of post-seminal development, seeds in different germination stages were collected and evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Vriesea bahiana seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen presented almost 100% germination, indicating dormancy break of this species. Vriesea bahiana can be cryopreserved with 5.9% water content after being dried for 24 hours. Hohenbergia castellanosii and E. spectabile seeds did not need to be desiccated before being cryopreserved. The most relevant morphological traits for differentiation of genera and subfamilies of Bromeliaceae are the shape and type of seed appendages. In this study, all three species presented well-differentiated size and shape of their structures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191133 313 downloads

13.

Flora of Ceará, Brasil: Passifloraceae s.s
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Souza, Francisca Graciele Leite Sampaio de

; Cordeiro, Luciana Silva

; Sampaio, Valéria da Silva

; Silva, Maria Arlene Pessoa da

; Loiola, Maria Iracema Bezerra

Rodriguésia

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2021, Volume 72 elocation e01222020

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste estudo é apresentado o tratamento florístico-taxonômico de Passifloraceae s.s. para o estado do Ceará, Brasil. As identificações foram baseadas na análise de coleções depositadas em herbários nacionais e fotos de coleções de herbários estrangeiros, incluindo espécimes tipo, bibliografias especializadas e amostras coletadas em campo. A família está representada no Ceará por 18 táxons de Passiflora, das quais três são novas ocorrências para o estado: P. capsularis, P. kermesina e P. morifolia. Dez espécies foram registradas em Unidades de Conservação do Ceará. As espécies ocorrem em vários tipos de vegetação, porém preferem ambientes mais úmidos. São fornecidas chave de identificação, comentários, imagens e mapas de distribuição das espécies.

Abstract This study presents the floristic-taxonomic treatment of Passifloraceae s.s. from the state of Ceará. Identifications were based on the analysis of collections deposited in national herbaria and photos of international herbarium collections, including types specimens, specialized bibliography and samples collected in the field. The family is represented in Ceará by 18 taxa of Passiflora, of which three are new records for the state: P. capsularis, P. kermesina and P. morifolia. Ten species were registered in Conservation Units in Ceará. The species occur in various types of vegetaion, but prefer more humid environments. Identification key, comments, images and distribution maps of the species are provided.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172097 34 downloads

14.

Spatial variability of the nutritional status and the leaf chlorophyll index of from rubber tree
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LIMA, JULIÃO S.S.

; ALTOÉ, MARCELO S.

; SILVA, SAMUEL A.

; FONSECA, ABEL S.

; MEDAUAR, CAÍQUE C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 3 elocation e20191336

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The development of crops is related to their nutritional status and the leaf chlorophyll apparent index. The objective of this study was to use fuzzy classification to determine the degree of membership (fuzzy index - FI) of macronutrientes and leaf micronutrients classified as low, adequate and high, quantify the chlorophyll index and to determine the spatial variability of these attributes for the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) (Fx 3864) at the initial stage of development, aiming at the definition of management zones. Sampling grid regulates at 6x7 m spacing was built to determine the attributes: chlorophyll a and b, macro and leaf micronutrients, totaling 100 sample points. The fuzzy classification and geostatistical was used to map the nutritional status of the rubber tree. In the fuzzy analysis the macronutrient map shows the degree of membership 0.50<FI<0.75, in more than 75% of the area, indicating high nutritional status. The limiting factor was the concentration of P in the lowest percentage of points (58%) in the appropriate class. Micronutrients have 0.25<FI<0.50, for more than 75% of the area, therefore, average nutritional status. Leaf Cu presented 48% of the data in low sufficiency. Therefore, it is recommended to analyze macronutrients and leaf micronutrients separately to define management zones for foliar fertilization. Chlorophyll a, b and a/b leaf index do not correlate with macronutrients and fuzzyficated micronutrients. The leaf indices of chlorophyll a and b have a very high correlation (r = 0.89).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191336 119 downloads

15.

Using the Interval Metric for Modeling Entities Geometrics in ℝ2 - Case Study Interval Circumference
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AGUIAR, S.S.

; TRINDADE, R.M.P.

; ANDRADE, A.O.

; SILVA, A.F.

; CERQUEIRA, G.R.

TEMA (São Carlos)

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apr 2020, Volume 21 N. 1 Pages 65 - 82

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The study of some distances provide science a way to separate two entities. It has applications in various fields such as remote sensing, data mining, pattern recognition and multivariate data analysis and others. If the distance is a Hausdorff metric, the guarantee is that all individuals are available. With the use of the distance of Trindade et al, we intend to extend the real topology to an interval topology, since the interval distance preserves the uncertainties and exits noise in the data. The present work proposes an interval circumference using an interval distance of a point to the center (pixel), like a set of pixels obeying certain distances to the center. With the interval circumference we intend to extend the notion of open ball and the concepts of neighborhood for the construction of the interval topology. A circumference separates a space into three regions, inner region, border region and outer region, where we construct our notion of neighborhood. In this work we will explore only the geometric properties of the interval circumference, we will extrapolate the notion from point to pixel by providing a differentiated frontier region for the clustering area.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tema.2020.021.01.0065 209 downloads

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