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Essential oils (EO) have diverse applications, such as antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, they are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of air, light, and moisture. In addition, they are thermally unstable. In this sense, it is necessary to develop techniques to increase the lifespan of EO. In this work, EO was obtained from cloves and characterized by different techniques. The major compounds found were eugenol (83%), eugenol acetate (9%), and β-caryophyllene (8%). The EO was encapsulated by extrusion using a microfluidic device. The sodium alginate was used as wall material, and the CaCl2 solution was used as a crosslinking agent. The microcapsule presented sizes of 164.7 ± 0.3 μm, with an encapsulation yield of 64 ± 14%. Functional characteristic groups of EO were observed in the microcapsule by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The microcapsule increased the thermal decomposition of the EO from 162 to 230 °C. Release kinetics of the capsule was performed, with an equilibrium time of 72 h and release of 54% of the EO. Finally, the pure EO and encapsulated EO-microcapsules were applied in the Aedes aegypti larvae control, showing mean lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 50% (LC50) values of 74.4 and 96.9 μg mL-1 and lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 90% (LC90) of 106.2 and 133.3 μg mL-1 for pure EO and encapsulated EO, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that these microcapsules have the potential for application in the Aedes aegypti larvae control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230029

Production and quality of mini watermelon under salt stress and K+/Ca2+ ratios
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Alves, Aline da S.

; Oliveira, Francisco de A. de

; Silva, Daisy D. da

; Santos, Sandy T. dos

; Oliveira, Renata R. T.

; Góis, Helena M. de M. N.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jun 2023, Volume 27 N. 6 Pages 441 - 446

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Nutritional management can be an efficient strategy to mitigate the effects of salinity on fruit production and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the production and quality of fruits of mini watermelon crop, Sugar Baby cultivar, grown in a protected environment, under salt stress and K+/Ca2+ ratios. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design, 1 + 5 scheme, resulting in six treatments and four replications. Six nutrient solutions were employed, one using low-salinity water, with NaCl (0.5 dS m-1) and standard nutrient solution (S1, control treatment), and the others using salinized water at 5.0 dS m-1 (S2) and extra addition of K (S3 = 50% and S4 = 100%) and Ca (S5 = 50% and S6 = 100%). The production (fruit production, longitudinal and transverse diameter of fruit, rind thickness, pulp firmness) and postharvest quality (soluble solids, vitamin C, titratable acidity, and maturation index), in addition to the variables related to the color of the pulp (lightness, chroma index, and Hue angle) were evaluated. The addition of NaCl reduced fruit production, longitudinal, and transverse diameter of fruit, rind thickness, and vitamin C content. Among saline nutrient solutions, extra addition of 50% K (S3) attenuates the deleterious effects of salt stress on the production variables and vitamin C content. Under salt stress, extra addition of 50% K (S3) and 100% Ca (S6) intensifies the red color of the pulp.

RESUMO O manejo nutricional pode ser uma estratégia eficiente para mitigar os efeitos da salinidade na produção e qualidade de frutos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção e qualidade de frutos de mini melancia, cultivar Sugar Baby, cultivado em ambiente protegido, sob estresse salino e relações K+/Ca2+. O estudo foi realizado em casa de vegetação, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema 1 + 5, resultando em seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram aplicadas seis soluções nutritivas, uma utilizando água de baixa salinidade (0,5 dS m-1) e solução nutritiva padrão (S1, tratamento controle) e as demais utilizando água salinizada com NaCl, a 5,0 dS m-1 (S2) e adição extra de K (S3 = 50% e S4 = 100%) e Ca (S5 = 50% e S6 = 100%). Foram avaliadas as variáveis de produção (produção de frutos, diâmetro longitudinal do fruto, diâmetro transversal do fruto, espessura da casca, firmeza da polpa) e qualidade pós-colheita (sólidos solúveis, vitamina C, acidez titulável e índice de maturação), além das variáveis referentes a cor da polpa (luminosidade, croma e ângulo de Hue). A adição de NaCl reduziu a produção de frutos, diâmetro longitudinal dos frutos, diâmetro transversal dos frutos, espessura da casca e vitamina C. Entre as soluções nutritivas salinas, a adição extra de K a 50% (S3) atenua os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino nas variáveis de produção e o teor de vitamina C. Sob estresse salino, a adição extra de K em 50% (S3) e Ca em 100% (S6) intensifica a coloração vermelha da polpa.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n6p441-446

Stability Indicating Method for a Thiazolylhydrazone Derivative with Antifungal Activity and Experimental/Theoretical Elucidation of Its Degradation Products
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Silva, Iara R.

; Maltarollo, Vinícius G.

; Protti, Ícaro F.

; Oliveira, Renata B.

; César, Isabela C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 571 - 581

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

RN104 (2-[2-(cyclohexylmethylene)hydrazinyl]-4-phenylthiazole) is a thiazolylhydrazone derivative with promising in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. A stability indicating highperformance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was carried out using C18 end-capped column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and a mobile phase composed of water and acetonitrile (15:85 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1, injection volume 25 μL and DAD detection at 240 nm. The method showed to be selective, linear in the range of 20 to 240 μg mL-1, precise, accurate and robust. RN104 forced degradation study under different stress conditions (acidic, alkaline and neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermolysis) was performed using the validated analytical method. The results showed that RN104 underwent significant degradation when subjected to alkaline hydrolysis and oxidation by metallic ions. Quantum mechanics calculations were carried out to assist in the structural elucidation of the formed degradation products. The obtained data may be useful for the development of future formulation based on RN104.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220131

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Aqueous Extract of Eucalyptus grandis
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Oliveira, Lucas M. F.

; Silva, Ueveton P. da

; Braga, João Pedro V.

; Teixeira, Álvaro V. N. C.

; Ribon, Andréa O. B.

; Varejão, Eduardo V. V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Freitas, Camila S. de

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

; Moreira, Renata P L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 527 - 536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

Development and Chemical Characterization of Pequi Pericarp Flour (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) and Effect of in vitro Digestibility on the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds
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Santos, Bárbara O.

; Tanigaki, Maurício

; Silva, Mauro R.

; Ramos, Ana Luiza C. C.

; Labanca, Renata A.

; Augusti, Rodinei

; Melo, Júlio O. F.

; Takahashi, Jacqueline A.

; Araújo, Raquel L. B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2022, Volume 33 N. 9 Pages 1058 - 1068

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The pequi pericarp corresponds to the largest portion of the fruit and has a high nutritional value, but it is discarded as an agro-industrial residue. The present study aimed to prepare and characterize flours from the pequi pericarp in terms of their proximate composition, its antioxidant potential before and after the in vitro digestibility process and chemical profile, aiming at the full use of this fruit. The samples of pequi pericarp flours from the cities of Sete Lagoas, Paraopeba and Felixlândia were analyzed. The profile of chemical compounds present in the flours was determined using paper spray mass spectrometry. The in vitro simulated digestion technique was used to verify the stability of the phenolic compounds and the maintenance of the antioxidant capacity of the samples. The flours from the pequi pericarp showed to have higher levels of protein, ash and dietary fiber, compared to the data described in the literature for the pulp of the fruit. The analysis of paper spray mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 46 chemical compounds including amino acids, sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds. The analysis of the main components showed that there was no chemical variation among the fruits from the cities studied. Through the in vitro digestibility technique, it was possible to observe an increase in the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, contributing to increase the already significant antioxidant capacity of the samples. It was concluded that the pequi pericarp flour has the potential to be used as a food ingredient due to the high bioaccessibility of its bioactive compounds, capable of reducing the risk of developing diseases caused by oxidative stress.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220022

Neurocircuit models of obsessive-compulsive disorder: limitations and future directions for research
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Shephard, Elizabeth

; Batistuzzo, Marcelo C.

; Hoexter, Marcelo Q.

; Stern, Emily R.

; Zuccolo, Pedro F.

; Ogawa, Carolina Y.

; Silva, Renata M.

; Brunoni, Andre R.

; Costa, Daniel L.

; Doretto, Victoria

; Saraiva, Leonardo

; Cappi, Carolina

; Shavitt, Roseli G.

; Simpson, H. Blair

; van den Heuvel, Odile A.

; Miguel, Euripedes C.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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apr 2022, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 187 - 200

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric condition classically characterized by obsessions (recurrent, intrusive and unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (excessive, repetitive and ritualistic behaviors or mental acts). OCD is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation and not all patients respond to first-line treatments. Several neurocircuit models of OCD have been proposed with the aim of providing a better understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in the disorder. These models use advances in neuroscience and findings from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies to suggest links between clinical profiles that reflect the symptoms and experiences of patients and dysfunctions in specific neurocircuits. Several models propose that treatments for OCD could be improved if directed to specific neurocircuit dysfunctions, thereby restoring efficient neurocognitive function and ameliorating the symptomatology of each associated clinical profile. Yet, there are several important limitations to neurocircuit models of OCD. The purpose of the current review is to highlight some of these limitations, including issues related to the complexity of brain and cognitive function, the clinical presentation and course of OCD, etiological factors, and treatment methods proposed by the models. We also provide suggestions for future research to advance neurocircuit models of OCD and facilitate translation to clinical application.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1709

Schools reopening and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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POZZOBON, ALLAN P. B.

; PETRY, ANA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; BARROS, CINTIA M. DE

; NEPOMUCENO-SILVA, JOSÉ L.

; FEITOSA, NATÁLIA M.

; GOMES NETO, LUPIS R.

; RODRIGUES, BRUNO C.

; BRINDEIRO, RODRIGO M.

; NOCCHI, KEITY JAQUELINE C.V.

; MURY, FLAVIA B.

; SOUZA-MENEZES, JACKSON DE

; SILVA, MANUELA L. DA

; MEDEIROS, MARCIO JOSÉ DE

; GESTINARI, RAQUEL S.

; ALVARENGA, ALESSANDRA S. DE

; SILVA, CARINA A.O.

; SANTOS, DANIELE G. DOS

; SILVESTRE, DIEGO HENRIQUE

; SOUSA, GRAZIELE F. DE

; ALMEIDA, JANIMAYRI F. DE

; SILVA, JHENIFER N. DA

; BRANDÃO, LAYZA M.

; DRUMMOND, LEANDRO O.

; CARPES, RAPHAEL M.

; SANTOS, RENATA C. DOS

; PORTAL, TAYNAN M.

; TANURI, AMILCAR

; NUNES-DA-FONSECA, RODRIGO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211361

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the public and private educational system started to close. Up to November 2020, scientific discussions about the return of schooling activities have been rarely performed by the national scientific community and police-makers. The great delay of school returning in Brazil contrasts with successful international strategies of school reopening worldwide and seems counterintuitive with the reopening of non-essential activities. Here, important issues to be considered before and during school reopening are reviewed and discussed. COVID-19 testing is essential to avoid disease spreading, but high cost of individual RT-qPCRs impairs an extensive testing strategy for school returning. To reduce costs and increase the speed of diagnosis, we tested the efficiency of a pooled-sample PCR strategy in a cohort of the educational staff in the city of Macaé/RJ, finding five asymptomatic individuals (0,66%) among the 754 people tested. Thus, a polled-sample PCR testing strategy of the educational staff might prevent infection spreading in schools at a reasonable cost. We discuss how our test strategy could be coupled with internationally recognized safety rules to allow for a safe school return and how countries from different world regions are dealing with educational activities during COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211361

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

THE PERFORMANCE OF EXPLICIT FORMULAS FOR DETERMINING THE DARCY-WEISBACH FRICTION FACTOR
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Minhoni, Renata T. de A.

; Pereira, Francisca F. S.

; Silva, Tatiane B. G. da

; Castro, Evanize R.

; Saad, João C. C.

Engenharia Agrícola

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apr 2020, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 258 - 265

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Darcy-Weisbach equation is the most recommended equation for determining the pressure loss in pressurized pipes because of its wide applicability. However, one of the largest obstacles to implementing this equation is the friction factor (f) calculation. This factor can be precisely determined using the Colebrook equation, which is implicit. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare six explicit equations for calculating the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor with the implicit Colebrook equation based on the relative error. Based on the results, the equations of Vatankhah and Offor & Alabi were the most highly recommended. These six explicit formulas showed a mean relative error of less than ± 1% compared to the Colebrook equation, except for the Swamee and Jain equation, for which the laminar regime generated a mean relative error of 1.83%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n2p258-265/2020 2614 downloads

10.

Extratos de Lilium sp., Agapanthus sp. e Hydrangea sp.: comportamento como indicadores naturais em diferentes faixas de pH
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Silva, Jhulli M. da

; Martins, Renata de C.

; Bernardi, Fabiele

; Santos, Camila de M. R. dos

; Nicolini, Keller P.

; Nicolini, Jaqueline

Química Nova

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feb 2020, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 231 - 238

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This experimental activity proposes the use of lily (Lilium sp.), agapanthus (Agapanthus sp.) and hydrangea (Hydrangea sp.) extracts to investigate the colorimetric profile of each extract between pH 1-14. Water, ethanol and ethanol/HCl 1% (w/w) were used as extractive solvents. Among the flowers tested, the extracts of orange lily and burnt yellow lily were the ones that presented the greatest color variation with the solution pH change. In addition, the total content of anthocyanins in relation to cyanidin-3-glycosidic was determined and in ascending order we have: yellow lily (LAM: 0,07 ± 0,03) < agapanthus white (AGB: 0,21 ± 0,03) < agapanthus violet (AGV: 1,72 ± 0,13) < blue hydrangea (HAZ: 1,83 ± 0,47) < orange lily (LAL: 2,87 ± 0,52) < burnt yellow lily (LAQ: 9,55 ± 0,46). For this determination methanol/HCl 1% (w/w) was used as the solvent. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, it is suggested that the behaviors are due to the presence of cyanidin in AGB, AGV, LAL and LAQ, delphinidin in HAZ and apigeninidine in LAM. This activity can be applied in courses that have Chemistry in their curricular matrix and in General Chemistry subjects when the acid-base theme is approached.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170459 524 downloads

11.

Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish
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Farias, Renata S.

; Silva, Bruno C. N. R.

; Nascimento, Wilka V. G.

; Silva, Gênison C.

; Luz, Ronald K.

; Prosdocimi, Francisco

; Figueiredo, Rozzanno A. C. R.

; Carvalho, Daniel C.

; Coimbra, Maria R. M.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 N. 3 elocation e200028

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Devido à importância ecológica de Lophiosilurus alexandri, o presente trabalho avaliou sua representatividade genética, comparando estoques selvagens com plantéis de reprodutores de três larviculturas ao longo do Rio São Francisco. Noventa e sete amostras foram genotipadas com marcadores microssatélites recém-desenvolvidos. Baixos níveis de diversidade genética (número médio de alelos de 4,2) foram detectados em todos os casos, sendo mais severo no cativeiro. Os valores de FST e DEST par a par, as análises do Structure e DAPC mostraram a estruturação dos animais selvagens em dois grupos, e um terceiro formado pelas larviculturas, evidenciando a necessidade de adoção de critérios genéticos para retenção da diversidade genética no cativeiro. Por essa razão, três famílias de irmãos completos foram construídas para selecionar o melhor estimador de parentesco para a espécie e estabelecer os valores mínimos de corte para evitar cruzamentos indesejados. Dois estimadores, Wang (RW) e Lynch & Li (RLL), foram eficientes em refletir as relações de parentesco para irmãos completos nessa espécie. Segundo eles, menos de 50% dos potenciais cruzamentos são recomendáveis nas três larviculturas. A baixa diversidade genética inerente ao L. alexandri destaca a importância de minimizar a consanguinidade e evitar perda de diversidade genética, visando a recuperação da espécie.

Abstract Due to the ecological importance of Lophiosilurus alexandri, the present work evaluated its genetic representativeness by comparing wild stocks to broodstocks that were kept at three restocking hatcheries along the São Francisco River. A total of 97 samples were genotyped for newly developed microsatellite markers. Low levels of genetic diversity (average alleles number of 4.2 alleles) were detected in all cases, being more severe in captive groups. Significant pairwise FST and DEST values, Structure, and DAPC analyses showed that wild animals were structured in two groups, and a third group was formed by captive animals, evidencing the need to adopt genetic criteria to retain genetic diversity in the hatcheries. For this reason, three full-sib families were constructed to select the best relatedness estimator for L. alexandri and establish a cut-off value aimed to avoid full-sibling matings in the hatcheries. Two estimators, Wang (RW) and Lynch & Li (RLL), were accurate in reflecting the relatedness level for full-sibs in this species. According to them, less than 50% of the potential breeding matings in the three hatcheries are advisable. The innate low diversity of L. alexandri highlights the importance of minimizing inbreeding and retaining genetic diversity towards the species recovery.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0028 727 downloads

12.

Searching for mutations in the HNF1B gene in a Brazilian cohort with renal cysts and hyperglycemia
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Dotto, Renata P.

; Santana, Lucas Santos de

; Lindsey, Susan C.

; Caetano, Lilian Araújo

; Franco, Luciana F.

; Moisés, Regina Célia M. S.

; Sa, João R.

; Nishiura, José Luiz

; Teles, Milena Gurgel

; Heilberg, Ita P.

; Dias-da-Silva, Magnus R.

; Giuffrida, Fernando M. A.

; Reis, André F.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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jun 2019, Volume 63 N. 3 Pages 250 - 257

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the presence of variants in HNF1B in a sample of the Brazilian population selected according to the presence of renal cysts associated with hyperglycemia. Subjects and methods We evaluated 28 unrelated patients with clinical suspicion of HNF1B mutation because of the concomitant presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) or prediabetes and renal cysts. Genotyping was accomplished using Sanger sequencing or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In positive cases, available relatives were recruited. Results We found two patients with HNF1B mutations. The first presented the variant p.Pro328Leufs*48(c.983delC) and had DM, renal cysts, and hypomagnesemia. The second presented a heterozygous whole gene deletion in HNF1B, DM, renal cysts, body and tail pancreatic agenesis, and hypomagnesemia; this alteration was also found in his two siblings and his father. Conclusion The recruitment of suspected cases of HNF1B gene mutations in Brazilians due to hyperglycemia and renal cysts presents two positive cases. Our cases contribute to the annotation of clinical and biochemical phenotypes of this rare form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY).

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000138 1160 downloads

13.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Brycon nattereri (Characiformes: Bryconidae): a Neotropical fish under threat of extinction
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Galindo, Bruno A.

; Ferreira, Dhiego G.

; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline

; Terra, Mariana C.

; Aprígio, Nícollas G. O.

; Ota, Renata R.

; Ohara, Willian M.

; Almeida, Fernanda S.

; Sofia, Silvia H.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2019, Volume 17 N. 1 elocation e180071

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Brycon nattereri é um peixe Neotropical ameaçado de extinção reportado para trechos conservados dos rios Paraná, Tocantins e São Francisco. Populações desta espécie têm sido muito raras em algumas sub-bacias do rio Paraná. Este estudo analisou a diversidade genética e a estrutura populacional de B. nattereri em uma área de ocorrência restrita recentemente identificada na bacia do alto rio Paraná. Sete locos microssatélites e 497 pb da região mitocondrial D-Loop foram examinados para 92 indivíduos de quatro pontos ao longo da área de ocorrência. Ambos os marcadores moleculares indicaram uma única população distribuída em um trecho de aproximadamente 80 km do rio. Embora alguns dados tenham sugerido um antigo gargalo genético, os atuais níveis de diversidade genética (H E = 0,574, h = 0,616) foram similares aos de outras espécies do gênero Brycon. Estes resultados sugerem que a população de B. nattereri tem mantido níveis satisfatórios de diversidade genética, apesar da pequena área de ocorrência. Estes dados destacaram uma importante área de conservação e ações podem melhorar a qualidade do ambiente, especialmente para a vida aquática e mata ciliar, se a área for eficientemente manejada e conservada.

ABSTRACT Brycon nattereri is an endangered Neotropical fish reported along conserved stretches of the upper Paraná, Tocantins and São Francisco rivers. Populations of this species have been very rare in some Paraná River sub basins. This study analyzes the genetic diversity and population structure of B. nattereri in a restricted area of occurrence recently identified in upper Paraná River basin. Seven microsatellite loci and 497 bp of D-Loop mitochondrial region were examined in 92 individuals from four points along the area of occurrence. Both molecular markers indicated a single population distributed along a stretch of the river approximately 80 km long. Although some of the data suggest an ancient bottleneck, current levels of genetic diversity (H E = 0.574 and h = 0.616) were similar to those of other species of the genus Brycon. The results suggest that the population of B. nattereri has been able to maintain satisfactory levels of genetic diversity, in spite of the small area of occurrence. These data have highlighted an important conservation area and action may prove essential to improve the quality of the environment, and especially the water and riparian plant life, if the area is to be managed and conserved efficiently.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20180071 1481 downloads

14.

Effects of Coexistence Hypertension and Type II Diabetes on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness
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Bassi, Daniela

; Cabiddu, Ramona

; Mendes, Renata G.

; Tossini, Natália

; Arakelian, Vivian M.

; Caruso, Flávia C. R.

; Bonjorno Júnior, José C.

; Arena, Ross

; Borghi-Silva, Audrey

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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jul 2018, Volume 111 N. 1 Pages 64 - 72

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: A diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) está associada com disfunção autonômica cardíaca, que é um preditor independente de mortalidade em doenças crônicas. No entanto, ainda não se sabe se a coexistência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e DM2 altera a modulação cardíaca autonômica. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de HAS sobre a modulação da função autonômica cardíaca e capacidade cardiopulmonar em indivíduos com DM2. Métodos: 60 pacientes de ambos os sexos foram avaliados e alocados em dois grupos; pacientes DM2 (n = 32; 51 ± 7,5 anos) e pacientes DM2 + HAS (n = 28; 51 ± 6,9 anos). Intervalos RR foram obtidos durante repouso e em posição supina. Índices lineares e não lineares da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) foram registrados utilizando-se o programa Kubios HRV software. A troca gasosa pulmonar foi medida a cada inspiração, utilizando-se um sistema telemétrico portátil durante o teste incremental máximo de exercício em cicloergômetro. A análise estatística incluiu o teste Shapiro-Wilk seguido do teste t de Student, a correlação de Pearson e a regressão linear. Resultados: Encontramos que pacientes do grupo DM2+HAS apresentaram valores mais baixos de intervalos RR (801,1 vs 871,5 ms), entropia de Shannon (3,0 vs 3,2) e DP1 da dimensão fractal em comparação aos pacientes do grupo DM2. Foram encontradas correlações negativas entre alguns índices não lineares da VFC e índices da capacidade do exercício. Conclusão: A HAS afeta negativamente a função autonômica cardíaca em pacientes diabéticos, os quais já são propensos a desenvolverem disfunção autonômica. Estratégias são necessárias para melhorar a função autonômica cardíaca nessa população.

Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, which is an independent predictor of mortality in chronic diseases. However, whether the coexistence of systemic arterial hypertension (HTN) with DMT2 alters cardiac autonomic modulation remains unknown. Objective: To evaluate the influence of HTN on cardiac autonomic modulation and cardiorespiratory fitness in subjects with DMT2. Methods: 60 patients of both genders were evaluated and allocated to two groups: DMT2 patients (n = 32; 51 ± 7.5 years old) and DMT2 + HTN patients (n = 28; 51 ± 6.9 years old). RR intervals were obtained during rest in supine position. Linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability (HRV) were computed using Kubios HRV software. Pulmonary gas exchange was measured breath-by-breath, using a portable telemetric system during maximal incremental exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Statistical analysis included Shapiro-Wilk test followed by Student’s t Test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: We found that patients in the DMT2+HTN group showed lower values of mean RR intervals (801.1 vs 871.5 ms), Shannon entropy (3 vs 3.2) and fractal dimension SD 1 (9.5 vs 14.5), when contrasted with patients in the DMT2 group. Negative correlations were found between some HRV nonlinear indices and exercise capacity indices. Conclusion: HTN negatively affects the cardiac autonomic function in diabetic patients, who are already prone to develop autonomic dysfunction. Strategies are need to improve cardiac autonomic functionality in this population.

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180105 3770 downloads

15.

Physiological changes in Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. seeds from different sources and submitted to abiotic stresses
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Sousa, Eduardo C.

; Silva, Daniel V.

; Sousa, Danielle M. M.

; Torres, Salvador B.

; Oliveira, Renata R. T.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jun 2018, Volume 22 N. 6 Pages 383 - 389

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A germinação de sementes de espécies que se desenvolvem em regiões áridas e semiáridas pode ser afetada por fatores como deficiência hídrica e excesso de sais no solo, desta forma, o conhecimento sobre os limites de tolerância a esses fatores, é fundamental para compreender a sua capacidade de adaptação. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as alterações fisiológicas (germinação e vigor) de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia provenientes de diferentes regiões brasileiras (Sudeste, Centro-Oeste e Nordeste) e submetidas aos estresses hídrico e salino. Para simular o estresse hídrico foi utilizado o agente osmótico polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000), ajustado para os potenciais de 0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6 e -0,8 MPa, enquanto para o salino utilizou-se as soluções de NaCl nos potenciais de 0; -0,1; -0,3; -0,5; -0,7; -0,9; -1,1 MPa. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 5 para estresse hídrico e 3 x 7 para estresse salino, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes. As variáveis analisadas foram: porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz e massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz de plântulas. As sementes de M. caesalpiniifolia, provenientes das diferentes regiões geográficas, respondem fisiologicamente de maneira semelhante ao estresse hídrico; já com relação ao estresse salino, a tolerância das sementes é variável em função da região de colheita, sendo as provenientes de Vazante, MG, mais tolerantes durante a germinação e o crescimento inicial das plântulas.

ABSTRACT Seed germination of species that develop in arid and semi-arid soils can be altered by water deficit and abundance of salts in the soil. Knowledge on tolerance limits is fundamental to understand the adaptive capacity of species under such conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological changes (germination and vigor) of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seeds from different regions and submitted to water and saline stresses. To simulate water stress, the osmotic agent polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) was adjusted to the potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa, whereas for the saline stress, NaCl solutions were adjusted to the potentials of 0, -0.1, -0.3, -0.5, -0.7; -0.9 and -1.1 MPa. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme for water stress and 3 x 7 factorial scheme for saline stress, with four replicates of 25 seeds. The variables analysed were: germination, germination speed index and seedling shoot length, root length, shoot dry matter and root dry matter. M. caesalpiniifolia seeds, coming from different geographic regions, showed similar physiological responses to water stress; with respect to salt stress, their tolerance varies according to the region of harvest, and those from Vazante, MG, Brazil were more tolerant during germination and initial growth of seedlings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n6p383-389 1011 downloads

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