La actividad de la policía militar es una ocupación peligrosa y estresante que presenta riesgos para la salud. Hábitos alimentarios, actividad física, composición corporal y estrés percibido, además de estar interrelacionados, influyen en componentes del desempeño profesional, como motivación para el trabajo, autoeficacia general y ausentismo. El objetivo fue comparar hábitos nutricionales, actividad física, índice de masa corporal y estrés percibido de policías militares que trabajan en servicios operativos y administrativos, de ambos sexos, e investigar la correlación entre estas variables. Para el análisis comparativo se utilizó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney y, para el estudio correlacional, el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Estrés percibido y actividad física se correlacionaron inversamente (r=-0,268; p<0,001). Hábitos nutricionales correlacionaron significativamente: con actividad física (r=0,381; p<0,001), directamente; y, por el contrario, con índice de masa corporal (r=0,256; p<0,001) y estrés percibido (r=-0,201; p<0,01). Los policías militares del servicio operativo presentaron índice de masa corporal (U=3695; p<0,001) y actividad física (U=3776; p<0,001) significativamente mayores que sus homólogos del servicio administrativo. Hombres tenían un índice de masa corporal significativamente mayor (U=1333; p<0,001) y actividad física (U=2205; p<0,01) que las mujeres, quienes tenían niveles de estrés significativamente más altos que los hombres (U=1927; p<0,001). Las correlaciones y diferencias significativas observadas apuntan a necesidad de implementar políticas de gestión de personal y salud dirigidas a mejorar el estilo de vida, composición corporal y estrés de los policías militares. Se discuten limitaciones del estudio y direcciones futuras.

Military police activity is a dangerous, stressful occupation that poses health risks. Nutritional habits, physical activity, body composition and perceived stress, in addition to being interrelated, influence components of professional performance, such as work motivation, general self-efficacy and absenteeism. The objective was to compare nutritional habits, physical activity, body mass index and perceived stress of military police officers working in operational and administrative services, of both sexes, and to investigate the correlation between these variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparative analysis and, for the correlational study, the Pearson correlation coefficient. Perceived stress and physical activity were inversely correlated (r=-0.268; p<0.001). Nutritional habits correlated significantly: with physical activity (r=0.381; p<0.001), directly; and, conversely, body mass index (r=0.256; p<0.001) and perceived stress (r=-0.201; p<0.01). Military police officers from the operational service had significantly higher body mass index (U=3695; p<0.001) and physical activity (U=3776; p<0.001) than their counterparts from the administrative service. Men had significantly higher body mass index (U=1333; p<0.001) and physical activity (U=2205; p<0.01) than women, who had significantly higher stress levels than men (U=1927; p<0.001). The correlations and significant differences observed point to the need to implement personnel and health management policies aimed at improving the lifestyle, body composition and stress of military police officers. Study limitations and future directions are discussed.

A atividade policial militar é uma ocupação perigosa, estressante e que impõe riscos à saúde. Os hábitos nutricionais, atividade física, composição corporal e estresse percebido, além de relacionarem-se entre si, influenciam componentes do desempenho profissional, tais como motivação para o trabalho, autoeficácia geral e absenteísmo. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar hábitos nutricionais, atividade física, índice de massa corporal e estresse percebido de policiais militares que atuam no serviço operacional e administrativo, de ambos os sexos, e investigar a correlação entre essas variáveis. Utilizou-se o teste U de Mann-Whitney para a análise comparativa e, para o estudo correlacional, o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. O estresse percebido e a atividade física correlacionaram-se inversamente (r=-0,268; p<0,001). Os hábitos nutricionais correlacionaram-se significativamente: à atividade física (r=0,381; p<0,001), diretamente; e, inversamente, ao índice de massa corporal (r=0,256; p<0,001) e ao estresse percebido (r=-0,201; p<0,01). Policiais militares do serviço operacional apresentaram índice de massa corporal (U=3695; p<0,001) e atividade física (U=3776; p<0,001) significativamente superiores aos seus congêneres do serviço administrativo. Homens apresentaram índice de massa corporal (U=1333; p<0,001) e atividade física (U=2205; p<0,01) significativamente superiores aos das mulheres, as quais apresentaram níveis de estresse significativamente superiores aos dos homens (U=1927; p<0,001). As correlações e diferenças significativas observadas alertam para a necessidade de implementação de políticas de gestão de pessoal e de saúde voltadas à melhoria do estilo de vida, da composição corporal e do estresse de policiais militares. São discutidas limitações do estudo e direções futuras.

ABSTRACT The objectives were to evaluate the effects of monensin and virginiamycin, alone or combined, on supplemented Nellore cattle grazing tropical grass during the rainy season. Two experiments were conducted simultaneously to evaluate intake, digestibility, CH4 emissions, blood parameters, performance, and carcass characteristics (Exp. 1), and ruminal fermentation and relative abundance of ruminal microorganisms (Exp. 2). Animals (n = 92 Exp. 1 and n = 12 Exp. 2) were distributed in a completely randomized design and allocated in twelve paddocks composed of Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Xaraés. A protein-energetic supplementation of 3 g/kg of BW per day was provided to all animals. Supplements were: without additives (WA), monensin alone at 80 mg/kg of product (MN), virginiamycin alone at 150 mg/kg of product (VM), and monensin (80 mg/kg of product) combined with virginiamycin (150 mg/kg of product; MNVM). Treatments did not affect intakes of total dry matter (DM), supplement DM, and nutrients. However, the intakes of forage DM and crude protein decreased in cattle fed MNVM compared with animals fed WA, MN, and VM. Total volatile fatty acids increased in animals fed VM. Ruminal NH3-N decreased, and pH increased in animals fed MN, VM, and MNVM. Relative abundance of total F. succinogenes and S. ruminantium decreased and R. flavefaciens increased in animals fed MN and VM at d 118. Treatments had no effect on enteric CH4 emissions. The average daily gain (ADG) and total gain were greater in cattle fed MNVM than in cattle fed MN. Combination of monensin and virginiamycin altered the rumen microbial populations but did not decrease enteric CH4 emissions. However, it decreased forage dry matter intake without altering the ADG and total weight gain, leading to an increase in feed efficiency. Results from this study indicate an advantage in including feed additives combined in the diet of supplemented Nellore cattle grazing tropical grass during the rainy season.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although an association has been made between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and microvascular disease, data on vascular complications (other than venous thromboembolism) are sparse. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the vascular complications in severely ill patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and their association with all-cause mortality. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cohort study was conducted at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: All 305 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary university hospital from April 2 to July 17, 2021, were included and followed up for 30 days. RESULTS: Of these, 193 (63.3%) were male, and the mean age was 59.9 years (standard deviation = 14.34). The mortality rate was 56.3% (172 patients), and 72 (23.6%) patients developed at least one vascular complication during the follow-up period. Vascular complications were more prevalent in the non-survivors (28.5%) than in the survivors (17.3%) group and included disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC, 10.8%), deep vein thrombosis (8.2%), acrocyanosis (7.5%), and necrosis of the extremities (2%). DIC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–5.24, P = 0.046) and acrocyanosis (aOR 5.21, 95% CI 1.48–18.27, P = 0.009) were significantly more prevalent in the non-survivors than in the survivors group. CONCLUSION: Vascular complications in critically ill COVID-19 patients are common (23.6%) and can be closely related to the mortality rate (56.3%) until 30 days after ICU admission. Macrovascular complications have direct implications for mortality, which is the main outcome of the management of COVID-19. REGISTRATION: RBR-4qjzh7 (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4qjzh7).

ABSTRACT The urine bag is a thermo-labile medical-hospital device used in clinical/surgical procedures in urine drainage and collection. As it is a thermolabile material, it is commonly sterilized by ethylene oxide, a highly toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic cyclic ether gas. Currently, several countries require, through documents and standards, the quantification of ethylene oxide in medical and hospital devices. Thus, this work describes the development and validation of a method employed for the quantification of ethylene oxide (ETO) in urine bags. The method was developed based on the guidelines of ISO 10993-7, ANVISA and INMETRO. The work range, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, repeatability, intermediate precision and selectivity were evaluated. Statistical tools such as Levene's test, Grubbs, residual analysis, F-test of two variances, paired sample T test and ANOVA table, were also applied to evaluate the method. The linearity of the work range (10 – 400 mg.L-1) showed an adequate correlation coefficient (r > 0.9993), with a homoscedastic profile with absence of outliers while the limit of detection and quantification were 1,95 and 6,5 mg.L-1 respectively. After validation, 45 samples of urine bags of different batches were evaluated, which demonstrated levels of ETO below the limit of detection (1,95 mg.L-1). The results highlight a simple method that meets several regulations with a wide working range, high sensitivity and capability to quantify ETO not only in urine bags but also in other medical devices.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to use Sesuvium verrucosum to produce stable and mature compost and vermicompost and to evaluate their influence on the growth and production parameters of the Solanum lycopersicum L. crop. For the preparation of vermicompost, the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny) was used. The proposed treatments were: T1 (negative control) [no organic fertilizer + urea], T2 (positive control) [bovine manure (100%) + urea], T3 (compost) [bovine manure (100%) + urea], T4 (compost) [S. verrucosum (25%) + bovine manure (75%) + urea], T5 (compost) [S. verrucosum (50%) + bovine manure (50%) + urea], T6 (compost) [S. verrucosum (75%) + bovine manure (25%) + urea], T7 (vermicompost) [bovine manure (100%) + urea], and T8 (vermicompost) [S. verrucosum (25%) + bovine manure (75%) + urea]. The results showed that all the treatments were stable, mature and rich in nutrients after 140 days. In general, treatments made from S. verrucosum showed a high pH (7.97–8.45) and electrical conductivity (3.83–8.85 dS m-1). Nonetheless, excluding T7, the treatments made from a proportion of 25% halophyte and 75% bovine manure (T8 and T4) achieved the highest morphological parameters in the different variables that were evaluated, as well as the highest yields compared to controls T1 and T2, followed by T3, T5 and T6, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that S. verrucosum can serve as a stable and mature organic amendment, rich in nutrients, and that can be used to improve the growth and development of the S. lycopersicum crop.

RESUMO: O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a germinação, produção e composição morfológica de Urochloabrizantha consorciada com milho e sorgo, perdas de fermentação da silagem e estabilidade aeróbia da silagem consorciada com inoculante microbiano. Vinte parcelas experimentais (5.0 × 3.6 m) foram usadas em um delineamento em blocos casualizados para avaliar quatro tratamentos em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2: I) Cultura (milho vs. sorgo) e II) Estabelecimento da Brachiaria (U. brizantha) (presente vs. ausente). Os sistemas integrados milho e sorgo-brachiaria apresentaram germinação, produção de forragem e composição morfológica semelhante. Não houve efeito da interação cultura e braquiária sobre as variáveis relacionadas às plantas de milho e sorgo e a produtividade total. A brachiaria diminuiu o diâmetro do caule e aumentou a população de plantas de milho e sorgo. No entanto, não afetou a produtividade dos sistemas. A inoculação microbiana não afetou as perdas de efluente da silagem de milho e reduziu as perdas de efluente da silagem de sorgo. Na silagem de milho, a brachiaria não afetou as perdas de gás, enquanto na silagem de sorgo, a brachiaria aumentou as perdas de gás. As perdas totais foram maiores na silagem de sorgo do que na silagem de milho, o que resultou em menor recuperação da MS. Os tratamentos não afetaram o pH da silagem pós exposição aeróbia. Contudo, a brachiaria aumentou a temperatura da silagem 32 e 40 horas após exposição aeróbia. Portanto, os consórcios milho e sorgo-brachiaria apresentam composição morfológica e produtividade semelhantes. Além disso, na silagem consorciada, a brachiaria aumenta as perdas por efluentes e reduz a estabilidade aeróbia.

ABSTRACT: The present study evaluated germination, production, and morphological composition of Urochloabrizantha intercropped with corn and sorghum; and silage fermentation losses and aerobic stability of intercrop silage using microbial inoculant. Twenty experimental parcels (5.0 × 3.6 m) were used in a blocked randomized design to evaluate four treatments obtained from a 2 × 2 factorial arrangements: I) crop material (corn vs. sorghum) and II) Brachiaria (U. brizantha) establishment (present vs. absent). Corn- and sorghum-brachiaria integrated systems showed similar brachiaria germination, forage yield, and morphological composition. There was no crop and brachiaria interaction effect on the variables related to corn and sorghum plants and the total productivity. Brachiaria decreased the stem diameter and increased the population of maize and sorghum plants. However, it did not affect systems productivity. Microbial inoculation did not affect corn silage effluent losses and reduced sorghum silage effluent losses. In corn silage, brachiaria did not affect gas losses, while in sorghum silage, brachiaria increased the gas losses. Total losses were higher in sorghum silage than in corn silage, which resulted in a lower DM recovery. The treatments did not affect the pH of the silage after aerobic exposure. However, brachiaria increased silage temperature evaluated at 32 and 40 hours after aerobic exposure. Thus, corn or sorghum consortium has similar brachiaria morphological composition and productivity. Moreover, in intercropped silage, brachiaria increases effluent losses and reduces silage aerobic stability.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the association between recurrence of emergency service visits due to lack of blood pressure and/or glycemic control with sociodemographic variables and disease registration in Primary Care. Methods: quantitative study, which consulted medical records of people who attended these services two or more times for 26 months. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression models were used in analysis. Results: most people did not have hypertension and/or diabetes record in their Primary Care records. The absence of this record was more frequent in males, aged between 18 and 59 years, with low education and lack of blood pressure. There was association between greater number of people seeking these services in the same year and not monitoring the chronic condition in specialized care. Conclusions: people who do not follow up hypertension and/or diabetes in Primary Care are more likely to need assistance due to blood pressure and/or glycemic management.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a associação entre a recorrência de atendimentos nos serviços de emergência devido ao descontrole pressórico e/ou glicêmico com as variáveis sociodemográficas e cadastro da doença na Atenção Primária. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, que consultou prontuários de pessoas que compareceram duas ou mais vezes nesses serviços no período de 26 meses. Utilizaram-se estatística descritiva e modelos de regressão logística múltipla na análise. Resultados: a maioria das pessoas não possuía registro/cadastro de hipertensão e/ou diabetes no prontuário da Atenção Primária. A ausência desse cadastro foi mais frequente em pessoas do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, baixa escolaridade e descontrole pressórico. Observou-se associação entre número maior de procura desses serviços em um mesmo ano e não acompanhamento da condição crônica na assistência especializada. Conclusões: pessoas que não fazem acompanhamento da hipertensão e/ou diabetes na Atenção Primária estão mais sujeitas a necessitar de assistência por descontrole pressórico e/ou glicêmico.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la asociación entre la recurrencia de visitas a los servicios de emergencia por falta de control de la presión arterial y/o glucemia con variables sociodemográficas y registro de la enfermedad en Atención Primaria. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, que consultó las historias clínicas de las personas que acudieron a estos servicios dos o más veces en un período de 26 meses. En el análisis se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y modelos de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: la mayoría de las personas no tenían registro de hipertensión y/o diabetes en sus registros de Atención Primaria. La ausencia de este registro fue más frecuente en el sexo masculino, con edad entre 18 y 59 años, con baja escolaridad y falta de presión arterial. Hubo asociación entre mayor número de personas que buscaban estos servicios en el mismo año y no seguimiento de la condición crónica en atención especializada. Conclusiones: las personas que no tienen seguimiento de hipertensión y/o diabetes en Atención Primaria tienen más probabilidad de necesitar asistencia por control de la presión arterial y/o glucemia.

Resumo O objetivo foi buscar sistematicamente e sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca do efeito de intervenções com exercício físico na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), realizadas no Brasil, sobre os fatores de risco cardiometabólicos. A busca sistemática foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Web of Science. Foram incluídos estudos com intervenção de AF ou exercício na APS; realizadas no Brasil; com população >18 anos de idade; pelo menos um fator de risco cardiometabólico avaliado pré e pós intervenção. Utilizou-se o Descritores em Ciências da Saúde para definir os descritores de busca: “physical activity” OR “exercise” OR “motor activity” AND “primary health care” OR “health centers” OR “primary care” AND “Brazil”. As fases de seleção foram realizadas por pares e com cegamento e os conflitos decididos por um terceiro avaliador. Utilizou-se a escala de Jadad para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos artigos incluídos. Foram encontrados 1.817 artigos e excluídas 26 duplicatas, restando 1.791 para leitura dos títulos. Foram lidos 105 resumos e 53 artigos na íntegra. Por fim, 06 artigos foram considerados elegíveis e incluídos na revisão. Os fatores de risco cardiometabólicos avaliados nos estudos incluídos foram índice de massa corporal (4 estudos), razão cintura quadril (1 estudo), percentual de gordura (1 estudo), pressão arterial (2 estudos), perfil lipídico (1 estudo), perfil inflamatório (1 estudo) e capacidade aeróbica (3 estudos). Conclui-se que não há evidências suficientes na literatura sobre o efeito das intervenções de exercícios na APS com foco nos fatores de risco cardiometabólicos.

Abstract The objective was to systematically search and synthesize the evidence available in the literature about the effect of physical exercise interventions Primary Health Care (PHC), carried out in Brazil, on cardiometabolic risk factors. The search was performed in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were: studies with physical activity (PA) interventions or exercise in PHC; carried out in Brazil; population aged >18 years; at least one cardiometabolic risk factor assessed pre and post-intervention. The “Health Sciences Descriptors” were used to define the search descriptors: “physical activity” OR “exercise” OR “motor activity” AND “primary health care” OR “health centers” OR “primary care” AND “Brazil”. The selection phases were performed by pairs of blinded researchers and the conflicts were decided by a third evaluator. Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the articles included. In total, 1,817 articles were found and 26 duplicates excluded, leaving 1,791 for reading of titles. The abstracts of 105 articles were read, and 53 articles were read in full. Finally, 06 articles were considered eligible and included in the review. The cardiometabolic risk factors evaluated in the included studies were body mass index (4 studies), waist-hip ratio (1 study), fat percentage (1 study), blood pressure (2 studies), lipid profile (1 study), inflammatory profile (1 study), and aerobic capacity (3 studies). It is concluded that there is insufficient evidence in the literature about the effect of exercise interventions in PHC with a focus on cardiometabolic risk factors.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la competencia profesional del personal de enfermería en la unidad de trauma. Metodología: Investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal, que fue desarrollada con 47 profesionales de enfermería. Este grupo se desempeñaba en cuatro sectores de riesgo de la unidad de trauma de un hospital público en el noreste de Brasil. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado sobre la competencia profesional del personal de enfermería en emergencias, compuesto por módulos y dominios, entre ellos variables sociodemográficas, formación profesional, caso ficticio y autoevaluación de las acciones diarias correspondientes a la realidad laboral. La recolección de datos se realizó de julio a septiembre de 2019. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó estadística descriptiva, el software SPSS y la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Para verificar la significancia, se adoptó un valor de p<0.05. Resultados: Se observó que la mayoría de personas participantes eran del sexo femenino, especialistas y tenían más de una relación laboral. En cuanto a los dominios ''relaciones de trabajo'' y ''práctica profesional'', las personas participantes se autoevaluaron como ''muy competentes'' o ''extremadamente competentes'' en todas las acciones que retratan la realidad de trabajo en que están insertas. En el dominio ''excelencia profesional'', la acción ''participa periódicamente en simulación realista en emergencias'' fue la única evaluada como ''poco competente''. En el caso ficticio, en las tres declaraciones, más de la mitad de las personas participantes calificó el comportamiento de la persona profesional en enfermería como ''extremadamente competente'', ''muy competente'' o ''competente''. Conclusión: La mayoría de profesionales en enfermería no juzgaron correctamente las acciones realizadas por la persona enfermera en el caso ficticio, aunque se autoevaluaron como competentes en las acciones que realizan diariamente. Por lo tanto, el estudio plantea la necesidad de que el servicio invierta en educación permanente vinculada al compromiso profesional para garantizar una atención de alta calidad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a competência profissional do enfermeiro na unidade de trauma. Metodologia: Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal, desenvolvida com 47 enfermeiros que atuavam em quatro setores da unidade de trauma do hospital público no nordeste brasileiro. Aplicou-se questionário validado sobre a competência profissional do enfermeiro em emergências composto por variáveis sociodemográficas, de formação profissional, um caso fictício e autoavaliação das ações diárias correspondente à realidade do trabalho. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de julho a setembro de 2019. Para análise dos dados, utilizou estatísticas descritivas, o software SPSS e teste do qui-quadrado, para verificar significância adotou-se valor de p<0,05. Resultados: Observou-se que a maioria dos enfermeiros eram do sexo feminino, especialistas e possuíam mais de um vínculo empregatício. Referente aos domínios ''Relações de Trabalho'' e ''Prática Profissional'', os enfermeiros se autoavaliaram como ''muito competente'' ou ''extremamente competente'' em todas as ações que retratam a realidade de trabalho na qual estavam inseridos. No domínio ''Excelência profissional'' a ação ''Participa de simulação realística em emergências periodicamente'' foi a única avaliada como ''pouco competente''. No caso fictício, nas três afirmativas, mais da metade dos enfermeiros julgaram como ''extremamente competente'', ''muito competente'' ou ''competente'' a conduta do enfermeiro no caso. Conclusão: A maioria dos enfermeiros não julgaram corretamente as ações realizadas pelo enfermeiro no caso fictício, mesmo se autoavaliando como competentes nas ações que desempenham diariamente. Sendo assim, o estudo levanta a necessidade do serviço de investir em educação permanente atrelado ao empenho profissional para garantir cuidados de alta qualidade.

ABSTRACT Aim: To analyze the professional competence of nurses in trauma units. Methods: This was a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study developed with 47 nurses who work in four areas of the trauma unit of a public hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. A validated Likert Scale questionnaire was applied to evaluate the professional competence of nurses during emergencies; this scale included sociodemographic variables, professional training, a fictitious case, and a self-assessment of daily activities related to the reality of work. The data collection was carried out from July to September 2019. To analyze the data, the researchers employed descriptive statistics or the SPSS software and a qui-square test to verify the significance using a p value of <0.05. Results: It was observed that the majority of the nurses were female specialists who had more than one employment relationship. Regarding the domains ''Work Relations'' and ''Professional Practice'', the nurses assessed themselves as ''highly competent'' or ''extremely competent'' in all the actions that portray the reality of work in which they are immersed. In the ''Professional Excellence'' domain, the action ''periodically participates in realistic simulation in emergencies'' was the only one evaluated as ''little competent''. In the fictitious case, across all three statements, more than half of the nurses rated the nurse's behavior in the case as ''extremely competent'', ''very competent'', or ''competent''. Conclusion: Most of the nurses do not correctly judge the actions performed by the nurse in a fictitious case, even when they self-assess themselves as competent in the actions they perform daily. The study also raises the need for the service to invest in permanent professional training endeavor to guarantee competent labor and high-quality care.

Resumo: Introdução: O emprego da abordagem de métodos mistos e de desenhos quantiqualitativos e qualitativos merecem destaque e espaço de discussão entre as pesquisas avaliativas de cultura de segurança do paciente, conquanto apresentam dados com maior profundidade. Objetivos: mapear o uso da abordagem qualitativa em estudos de avaliação da cultura de segurança do paciente em serviços hospitalares a nível mundial, e sintetizar as contribuições evidenciadas na literatura. Método: Trata-se de uma scoping review guiada pelas recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), realizada no período de outubro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2022. Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, Web of Science e Cinahl, e busca livre na plataforma Research Gate e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Foram analisados nove estudos que trouxeram contribuições relacionadas à aplicação da abordagem qualitativa, isoladamente ou de forma híbrida, por meio do software Iramuteq. A partir da nuvem de palavras e análise de similitude verificou-se duas inferências relacionadas ao uso do método misto e da pesquisa qualitativa, respectivamente: 1) Uso do método misto para fornecer análises aprofundadas da cultura de segurança em hospitais e 2) Pesquisa qualitativa como facilitadora para compreensão das percepções do contexto dos participantes. Quanto às limitações, identificou-se possíveis vieses de resultado que ambas as abordagens podem induzir. Conclusões: Apesar da abordagem quantitativa ainda prevalecer nas pesquisas avaliativas de cultura de segurança, verificou-se a necessidade de agregar o componente qualitativo, a partir de pesquisas de métodos mistos e qualiquantitativas, para obter maior aprofundamento dos problemas identificados por meio dos questionários, tendo em vista o caráter das variáveis investigadas na pesquisa de cultura de segurança. As limitações que porventura a abordagem qualitativa possa trazer devem ser trabalhadas pontualmente pelos pesquisadores a fim de minimizá- las, não ocorrendo em vieses de pesquisa.

Abstract: Introduction: The use of the mixed methods approach, as well as quantitative and qualitative designs, deserve greater prominence and space for discussion among evaluative research on patient safety culture, although they present data in greater depth. Goals: To map the use of the qualitative approach in studies of patient culture assessment in hospital services worldwide, and to summarize the contributions evidenced in the literature. Methods: This is a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), updated in the second half of February 2022. The Lilacs, Medline, Web of Science and Cinahl databases were searched, and a free search was performed on the Research Gate and Google Scholar platform search engines. Results: Nine studies were analyzed that brought contributions related to the application of the qualitative approach, alone or in a hybrid way, through the Iramuteq software. Conclusions: Despite the quantitative approach still prevails in evaluative research on safety culture, there was a need to add the qualitative component, based on mixed-method and quali-quantitative research, in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the problems identified through the questionnaires, in view of the variables investigated in the safety culture survey. The limitations that the qualitative approach may bring should be worked out punctually by researchers in order to minimize them, not occurring in research bias.

Abstract Background: Hyperthyroidism (Hy) is an endocrine disorder, in which the thyroid hormones markedly alter the cardiac function. Increased myocardial contractility and cardiac output, improvement in diastolic relaxation, changes in electrical activity, increments in ventricular mass, and arrhythmias have been reported. However, the influences of thyroid hormones upon molecular mechanisms of cardiac functions have not yet been fully understood. Objectives: To evaluate changes in cardiac contractile parameters and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) function in induced hyperthyroid rats. Methods: Hy was induced by intraperitoneal injections of T3 (15 μg/100 g) for 10 days. Contractile parameters and NCX function were evaluated in the isolated papillary muscle. Data normality was confirmed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The comparison between groups was performed through an unpaired Student’s t-test. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. The accepted significance level was p < 0.05. Results: Our data revealed, in the Hy group, an increase of 30.98% in the maximum speed of diastolic relaxation (–284.64 ± 70.70 vs. –217.31 ± 40.30 mN/mm2/sec (p = 0.027)) and a boost of 149% in the NCX function in late phase of relaxation (20.17 ± 7.90 vs. 50.22 ± 11.94 minutes (p = 0.002)), with no changes in the maximum twitch force (p = 0.605) or maximum speed of systolic contraction (p = 0.208) when compared to the control. Conclusion: The improvement in relaxation parameters is hypothetically attributed to an increase in Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2) expression and an increased calcium flow through L-type channels that boosted the NCX function.

Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) affects the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine. One of the mechanisms involved in its etiology is oxidative stress (OS), directly involved in the inflammatory process characteristic of UC. The Campsiandra laurifolia, known as acapurana, was described as possessing antioxidant properties. We used 24 male Wistar rats, divided into control (CO), control + acapurana (CO + A), colitis (CL), and colitis + acapurana (CL + A) groups. This study performed histological analysis, measuring anal sphincter pressure (ASP) and lipoperoxidation (LPO). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. The expression of the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The statistical analysis used was the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test; values were expressed as mean ± standard error, and the significance level was p < 0.05. In the animals of the CL group, we observed the destruction of the crypts and the presence of mucosal ulcers, edema, and submucosal inflammatory infiltrate, as well as increased damage to the intestinal mucosa, reduced ASP, increased LPO and SOD activity, reduced GSH levels, and increased expression of NFκB and iNOS. The administration of C. laurifolia in the CL + A group was shown to cause regeneration of crypts, reduction of inflammatory infiltrate, reduction of damage to the intestinal mucosa, increase in ASP, and reduction in LPO with the restoration of SOD activity and GSH levels. The immunohistochemistry of NFκB and iNOS was significantly reduced. Therefore, the C. laurifolia aqueous extract appears to exert an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect in rats with AA-induced colitis.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en trabajadores del mercado de Guanambi y verificar su asociación con características sociodemográficas y laborales. Método: Censo y estudio transversal, desarrollado con datos de la línea base de otra investigación más amplia, denominada "Accidentes de trabajo en vendedores ambulantes y condiciones de salud y trabajo: estudio prospectivo". La recolección de datos se realizó entre los meses de enero a marzo de 2018, mediante la aplicación de formularios y verificación de datos antropométricos de peso y talla. El análisis se realizó con la ayuda del software IBM SPSS, descriptivo, con cálculos de frecuencias relativas y absolutas, prueba de Chi-cuadrado de Person, utilizando p ≤ 0.05 como significancia estadística. Resultados: Se observó que el 33.3 % tenían sobrepeso y el 28.6 % (122) obesidad, por lo cual 66.5 % trabajadores tenían sobrepeso. De esta cantidad de trabajadores, 71.5 % (173) eran mujeres, 77.5 % estaban en el grupo de edad 41-59, 73.3 % tenían escolaridad hasta primaria y 65.0 % de trabajadores que reportaron un perfil de vida negativo. En cuanto al tipo de mercadería vendida, el mayor porcentaje fue en productos in natura 65.8 %. En cuanto a las comorbilidades, 65.4 % tenía diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial y el 61.4 % tenía sobrepeso. Conclusión: Se encontraron factores modificables y no modificables en trabajadores con mayor frecuencia de obesidad y sobrepeso. Se destaca la importancia de las acciones de promoción de la salud con esta población, con el objetivo de minimizar los posibles riesgos para la salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em trabalhadores feirantes de Guanambi e verificar sua associação com características sociodemográficas e laborais. Metodologia: Estudo censitário e transversal, desenvolvido com dados obtidos da baseline de pesquisa maior denominada “Acidentes de trabalho em feirantes e as condições laborais e de saúde: estudo prospectivo”. A coleta de dados ocorreu entres os meses de janeiro a março de 2018, por meio da aplicação de formulários e verificação de dados antropométricos de peso e estatura. A análise foi realizada com auxílio do software IBM SPSS, descritiva, com cálculos de frequências relativas e absolutas, teste do Qui-quadrado do Person, utilizando valor de p ≤ 0,05 como significância estatística. Resultados: Observou-se que 33,3% apresentaram sobrepeso e 28,6 % obesidade, resultando em 66,5 % trabalhadores com excesso de peso. Dos quais, 71,5 % era de prevalência do sexo feminino, entre a faixa etária de 41 a 59 77,5%, com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental 73,3 % e 65,0% dos trabalhadores que relataram perfil de vida negativo. Em relação ao tipo de mercadoria comercializada, o maior percentual foi em produtos in natura 65,8%. Quanto à comorbidades, Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensão Arterial, apresentaram respectivamente, 65,4% e 61,4% excesso de peso. Conclusão: Foram encontrados fatores modificáveis e não modificáveis nos trabalhadores com maiores frequências de obesidade e sobrepeso. Aponta-se a importância de ações de promoção à saúde junto a tais trabalhadores visando minimizar potenciais riscos à saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in market workers in Guanambi and to verify its association with sociodemographic and labor characteristics. Method: The study was carried out through a census and cross-sectional study developed with data obtained from a larger research baseline called "Work accidents at street vendors and health and work conditions: prospective study". The data collection took place between January and March 2018 through the application of forms and the verification of anthropometric data of weight and height. The analysis was carried out with the aid of the IBM SPSS software, descriptive, with calculations of relative and absolute frequencies, and Person's Chi-square test using p ≤ 0.05 as statistical significance. Results: It was observed that 33.3% of the population was overweight and 28.6% (122) presented obesity, resulting in 66.5% overweight workers. Of which, 71.5% (173) were female, between the 41-59 age group, 77.5%, with schooling up to elementary school 73.3% and 65.0% of workers who reported a life profile negative. Regarding the type of merchandise sold, the highest percentage was in products in nature 65.8%. As for comorbidities, Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension, 65.4% and 61.4% were overweight, respectively. Conclusion: Modifiable and non-modifiable factors were found in workers with higher frequencies of obesity and overweight. The importance of health promotion actions with such workers is pointed out, aiming to minimize potential health risks.

Abstract Background: The use of vegetation is a recurrent practice for fixing soil and will depend on the characteristics of root and the root system. Question and hypothesis: Root chemical composition is different among species, and it is influenced by root diameter. Morphological classification is different among species. Studied Species: Broussonetia papyrifera, Decatropis bicolor, Dalea hospes, Caesalpinia mexicana and Zanthoxylum fagara. Study area and dates: Submontane scrub Chipinque Ecological Park, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo Leon. June to November 2019. Methods: Roots by species were classified into three diameter categories (I 0.1-2.9 mm; II 3-5.9 mm; III 6-9.9 mm). Prior to chemical analysis, the bark was removed from the roots. The chemical composition was determined by sequential fractionation of the cell wall. Root morphology was classified by comparison with established methodologies. Results: A decreasing relationship was found in the hemicellulose and cellulose content with the increase in the root diameter, in all the species they were higher in the diametric categories I (0.1-2.9 mm). The highest lignin contents were found in category III (6-9.9 mm). The order of importance in terms of cellulose content for soil protection was: Dalea hospes > Broussonetia papyrifera > Caesalpinia mexicana > Decatropis bicolor > Zanthoxylum fagara. Conclusions: Based on root chemical composition and root system morphology, a revegetation method is proposed for soil fixation, Dalea hospes and Decatropis bicolor at the top of the slope, Zanthoxylum fagara and Caesalpinia mexicana in the middle and Broussonetia papyrifera at the foot of hillside.

Resumen Antecedentes: El uso de vegetación es una práctica recurrente para la fijación de suelo y dependerá de las características del sistema radical. Preguntas e hipótesis: La composición química de las raíces es diferentes entre especies e influenciada por su diámetro. La clasificación morfológica es diferente entre las especies. Especies estudiadas: Broussonetia papyrifera, Caesalpinia mexicana, Dalea hospes, Decatropis bicolor y Zanthoxylum fagara. Área de estudio y fechas: Matorral Submontano, Parque Ecológico Chipinque, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León. Junio a noviembre 2019. Métodos: Se clasificaron raíces por especie en tres categorías diamétricas (I, 0.1-2.9 mm; II, 3-5.9 mm; III, 6-9.9 mm). Previo a los análisis químicos se retiró la corteza de las raíces. La composición química se determinó por fraccionamiento secuencial de la pared celular. La morfología radical se clasificó por comparación con metodologías establecidas. Resultados: Se encontró una relación decreciente en el contenido de hemicelulosa y celulosa con el aumento del diámetro de raíz, en todas las especies fueron mayores en la categoría diamétrica I. Los mayores contenidos de lignina se encontraron en la categoría III (6-9.9 mm). El orden de importancia considerando el contenido de celulosa para protección de laderas fue: Dalea hospes > Broussonetia papyrifera > Caesalpinia mexicana > Decatropis bicolor > Zanthoxylum fagara. Conclusiones: Con base en la composición química de las raíces y la morfología radical, se propone un método de revegetación para la fijación del suelo, Dalea hospes y Decatropis bicolor en la cima de la ladera, Zanthoxylum fagara y Caesalpinia mexicana en la parte media y Broussonetia papyrifera al pie de la ladera.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Congenital vascular anomalies and hemangiomas (CVAH) such as infantile hemangiomas, port-wine stains and brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) impair patients’ lives and may require treatment if complications occur. However, a great variety of treatments for those conditions exist and the best interventions remain under discussion. OBJECTIVE: To summarize Cochrane systematic review (SR) evidence on treatments for CVAH. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of SRs conducted in the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A broad search was conducted on March 9, 2021, in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to retrieve any Cochrane SRs that assessed treatments for CVAH. The key characteristics and results of all SRs included were summarized and discussed. RESULTS: A total of three SRs fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were presented as a qualitative synthesis. One SR reported a significant clinical reduction of skin redness by at least 20%, with more pain, among 103 participants with port-wine stains. One SR reported that propranolol improved the likelihood of clearance 13 to 16-fold among 312 children with hemangiomas. One SR reported that the relative risk of death or dependence was 2.53 times greater in the intervention arm than with conservative management, among 218 participants with brain AVMs. CONCLUSION: Cochrane reviews suggest that treatment of port-wine stains with pulsed-dye laser improves redness; propranolol remains the best option for infantile hemangiomas; and conservative management seems to be superior to surgical intervention for treating brain AVMs.