The aim of this study was to assess the effect of eugenol on the in vitro production of ovine embryos. Oocytes were aspirated and taken for in vitro maturation (IVM), where they were divided into 4 groups: the CON (control), in which the oocytes were immersed in medium without an antioxidant; in the EU10, EU20, EU40 groups, the same medium as in the COM group was used, supplemented with 10, 20, and 40 µM of eugenol, respectively. The degree of expansion of cumulus cells was evaluated. Subsequently, the oocytes underwent in vitro fertilization and in vitro culture, and at the end of this process, the rate of cleaved structures was assessed. Regarding the expansion rate of cumulus cells, the CON group exhibited higher rates compared to the groups supplemented with eugenol. Evaluating oocytes with fully expanded cumulus cells, only the EU40 group showed a lower rate when compared to the rest of the treatment groups. Whereas observing oocytes with partially expanded cumulus cells, the EU40 group showed higher expansion percentages compared to the other treatments. Concerning the presence of the first polar body in the oocytes, it was observed that there was no statistical difference between the treatment groups. Lastly, concerning the cleaved structures, the CON and EU10 groups showed the highest rates compared to the EU20 and EU40 groups. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the use of 10 µM of eugenol in the IVM of ovine oocytes proved to be the optimal concentration of this substance.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del eugenol en la producción in vitro de embriones ovinos. Los ovocitos fueron aspirados y llevados para la maduración in vitro (MIV), donde se dividieron en 4 grupos: el CON (control), en el cual los ovocitos fueron sumergidos en medio sin antioxidantes; en los grupos EU10, EU20, EU40 se utilizó el mismo medio que en el grupo CON, pero con la adición de 10, 20 y 40 µM de eugenol, respectivamente. Se evaluó el grado de expansión de las células del cúmulo. Después de esto, los ovocitos fueron sometidos a la fecundación in vitro y al cultivo in vitro, y al final de este proceso se evaluó la tasa de estructuras clivadas. En cuanto a la tasa de expansión de las células del cúmulo, el grupo CON mostró tasas más altas en comparación con los grupos suplementados con eugenol. Al evaluar los ovocitos con células del cúmulo totalmente expandidas, solo el grupo EU40 mostró una tasa más baja en comparación con el resto de los grupos de tratamiento. Mientras que al observar los ovocitos con células del cúmulo parcialmente expandidas, el grupo EU40 mostró porcentajes de expansión más altos en comparación con los otros tratamientos. Respecto a la presencia del primer corpúsculo polar en los ovocitos, se observó que no hubo diferencia estadística entre los grupos de tratamiento. Por último, en relación con las estructuras clivadas, los grupos CON y EU10 mostraron las tasas más altas en comparación con los grupos EU20 y EU40. Por lo tanto, se pudo concluir que el uso de 10 µM de eugenol en la MIV de ovocitos ovinos resultó ser la concentración óptima de esta sustância.

Objetivando avaliar o efeito do eugenol na produção in vitro de embriões ovinos. Os oócitos, foram aspirados e levados para a maturação in vitro (MIV), onde foram divididos em 4 grupos: o CON (controle), no qual os oócitos foram imersos em meio, sem antioxidante, já nos grupos EU10, EU20, EU40 foi utilizado o mesmo meio do grupo CON, acrescido de 10, 20 e 40 µM de eugenol, respectivamente. Foi avaliado o grau de expansão das células do cumulus. Após isso, os oócitos seguiram para a fecundação in vitro e cultivo in vitro, sendo, ao final desse processo, avaliada a taxa de estruturas clivadas. Em relação à taxa de expansão das células do cumulus, o grupo CON apresentou maiores taxas, quando comparado aos grupos adicionados de eugenol. Avaliando os oócitos com células do cumulus totalmente expandidas, somente o grupo EU40, apresentou-se menor, quando comparado ao restante dos grupos de tratamento. Já observando os oócitos com células do cumulus parcialmente expandidas, o grupo EU40, apresentou maiores percentuais de expansão, quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. Sobre a presença do primeiro corpúsculo polar nos oócitos, observou-se que não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos de tratamentos. E, por último, em relação às estruturas clivadas, os grupos CON e EU10 apresentaram as maiores taxas, quando comparado aos grupos EU20 e EU40. Dessa maneira, foi possível concluir que a utilização de 10 µM de eugenol na MIV de oócitos ovinos apresentou ser a melhor concentração dessa substância.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quercetin on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and the subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) of ovine embryos. For this purpose, oocytes were collected and divided into the following treatment groups: control group, containing CON medium (control); and groups Q2, Q4, and Q8, with control medium supplemented with 2, 4, and 8 µM of quercetin, respectively. After IVM, the degree of cumulus cells expansion, presence of the first polar body (PB), and the other part of the oocytes proceeded to in vitro fertilization (IVF), where oocytes were incubated with spermatozoa for a period of 20 hours. Subsequently, the presumptive zygotes underwent in vitro culture (IVC) for 48 hours, and at the end of the process, the rate of cleaved structures was evaluated. The results were expressed in percentage and compared using the Chi-square test, with a significant difference considered when P<0.05. Evaluating the expansion of cumulus cells, the CON and Q2 groups showed the best expansion rates compared to the Q4 and Q8 groups. Regarding the presence of the 1st PB, it was observed that only the Q8 group exhibited lower rates compared to the control group. When evaluating the rate of cleaved structures, it was observed that the Q2 group showed a higher number compared to the Q8 group. Quercetin does not influence the maturation of ovine oocytes.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la quercetina en la maduración in vitro (MIV) de ovocitos y la posterior fertilización in vitro (FIV) de embriones ovinos. Para ello, se recolectaron y seleccionaron ovocitos divididos en los siguientes grupos de tratamiento: grupo control, que contenía medio CON (control); y los grupos Q2, Q4 y Q8, con medio control al que se le añadieron 2, 4 y 8 µM de quercetina, respectivamente. Tras la MIV se evaluó el grado de expansión de las células del cúmulo, la presencia del primer corpúsculo polar (CP) y la otra parte de los ovocitos se utilizó para la fecundación in vitro (FIV), donde los ovocitos fueron incubados con espermatozoides durante un período de 20 horas. Posteriormente, los presuntos cigotos pasaron a cultivo in vitro (CIV) durante 48 horas y, al final del proceso, se evaluó la tasa de estructuras clivadas. Los resultados se expresaron en porcentaje y se compararon utilizando la prueba de Chi-cuadrado, considerando una diferencia significativa cuando P<0,05. Al evaluar la expansión de las células del cúmulo, los grupos CON y Q2 mostraron las mejores tasas de expansión en comparación con los grupos Q4 y Q8. En cuanto a la presencia del 1er CP, se observó que solo el grupo Q8 mostró tasas más bajas en comparación con el grupo control. Al evaluar la tasa de estructuras clivadas, se observó que el grupo Q2 mostró un número mayor en comparación con el grupo Q8. La quercetina no influye en la maduración de ovocitos ovinos.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da quercetina na MIV de oócitos e na subsequente PIV de embriões ovinos. Para isso, foram colhidos e selecionados oócitos divididos nos seguintes grupos de tratamento: grupo controle, contendo meio CON (controle); e grupos Q2, Q4 e Q8, com meio controle, acrescido de 2, 4 e 8 µM de quercetina, respectivamente. Após a MIV foi avaliado o grau de expansão das células do cumulus, presença do primeiro corpúsculo polar (CP) e a outra parte dos oócitos seguiu para a fecundação in vitro (FIV), onde os oócitos foram incubados com os espermatozoides, por um período de 20 h. Em seguida, os presumíveis zigotos seguiram para o cultivo in vitro (CIV), por um período de 48 h e, ao final do processo, foi avaliada a taxa de estruturas clivadas. Os resultados foram expressos em porcentagem e comparados, usando o Teste do Qui-quadrado e foi considerada diferença significativa quando P<0,05. Avaliando a expansão das células do cumulus, os grupos CON e Q2 apresentaram as melhores taxas de expansão, quando comparadas aos grupos Q4 e Q8. Quanto à presença do 1º CP, foi possível observar que somente o grupo Q8 apresentou taxas menores, quando comparado ao grupo controle. Já avaliando a taxa de estruturas clivadas, foi possível observar que o grupo Q2 apresentou maior número quando comparado ao grupo Q8. A quercetina não influencia na maturação de oócitos ovinos.

Abstract The puma population is constantly decreasing, and cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer can be used to conserve the species. One of the factors determining the success of the development of cloned embryos is the cell cycle stage of the donor cells. We evaluated the effects of full confluency (~100%), serum starvation (0.5% serum), and roscovitine (15 µM) treatments on the cell cycle synchronization in G0/G1 of puma skin-derived fibroblasts by flow cytometric analysis. Also, we assessed the effects of these synchronization methods on morphology, viability, and apoptosis levels using microscopy tools. The results showed that culturing the cells to confluence for 24 h (84.0%), 48 h (84.6%), and 72 h (84.2%) and serum starvation for 96 h (85.4%) yielded a significantly higher percentage of cells arrested in the G0/G1 (P < 0.05) phase than cells not subjected to any cell cycle synchronization method (73.9%). Nevertheless, while serum starvation reduced the percentage of viable cells, no difference was observed for the full confluence and roscovitine treatments (P > 0.05). Moreover, roscovitine for 12 h (78.6%) and 24 h (82.1%) was unable to synchronize cells in G0/G1 (P > 0.05). In summary, full confluency induces puma fibroblast cell cycle synchronization at the G0/G1 stage without affecting cell viability. These outcomes may be valuable for planning donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer in pumas.

Abstract Purpose To test the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in an online format in university students from a low-income region. Methods This was a psychometric study, involving a study of reliability ( n = 117) and validity ( n = 195) in university students from a region with a Gini index of 0.56. The scale was applied at two time points with an interval of 2 weeks. This scale measures satisfaction with life based on five statements and responses ranging from 1 to 7 (strongly disagree to strongly agree). We conducted the reliability assessment using temporal stability and internal consistency and construct validity assessment by internal structure solution. Results All SWLS items showed acceptable (rho > 0.30) and significant ( p < 0.05) temporal stability and acceptable internal consistency (alpha > 0.70). In construct validity (internal structure), we identified a factor with an explained variance of 59.0% in the exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, in the confirmatory factor analysis, we identified a one-factor structure solution for SWLS with an acceptable model fitting (chi-square/degrees of freedom [ X 2/df] = 6.53; Tucker–Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.991; Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.996; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.040; standardized root mean-squared residual [SRMR] = 0.026). Conclusion The Satisfaction with Life Scale, in the online format, is a reliable and valid tool for university students in a low-income context.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the profile of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia in a teaching hospital in the public health system in northern Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. All procedures of this study were approved by the ethics committee. A convenience sample composed of participants aged >18 years, of both sexes, with any underlying pathology admitted to the medical clinic on exclusive oral feeding, alternatively enteral or gastric tube feeding (Gastrostomy), or associated by both routes, whose swallowing assessment was performed by a Speech-Language Pathologist. Data from the database/medical records were investigated from March 2020 to September 2021. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 44 patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal dysphagia, with a higher frequency of males (63.64%) aged over 60 years (70.45%). Almost half of the evaluated patients were diagnosed with neurological disorders (47.73%) and had dysphagia associated with other underlying diseases (31.82%). Excluding patients with neurological disorders, trauma/polytrauma, and respiratory disorders from the last group, some patients (11.36%) had two concomitant underlying diseases. CONCLUSION: According to the sample of this study, the profile of oropharyngeal dysphagia patients includes pneumonia, respiratory failure, bronchoaspiration, and the consequent need for ventilatory support.

Abstract Recent advances in genome editing have enormously enhanced the effort to develop biotechnology crops for more sustainable food production. CRISPR/Cas, the most versatile genome-editing tool, has shown the potential to create genome modifications that range from gene knockout and gene expression pattern modulations to allele-specific changes in order to design superior genotypes harboring multiple improved agronomic traits. However, a frequent bottleneck is the delivery of CRISPR/Cas to crops that are less amenable to transformation and regeneration. Several technologies have recently been proposed to overcome transformation recalcitrance, including HI-Edit/IMGE and ectopic/transient expression of genes encoding morphogenic regulators. These technologies allow the eroding of the barriers that make crops inaccessible for genome editing. In this review, we discuss the advances in genome editing in crops with a particular focus on the use of technologies to improve complex traits such as water use efficiency, drought stress, and yield in maize. production CRISPRCas CRISPR Cas genomeediting tool allelespecific allele specific However regeneration recalcitrance HIEdit/IMGE HIEditIMGE HI Edit/IMGE Edit IMGE ectopictransient ectopic transient regulators review efficiency stress maize HIEdit EditIMGE

ABSTRACT This work presents an analysis of the main results of the ‘APS Forte’ Award in the Unified Health System (SUS), in its three editions, through document analysis and secondary data. In all editions, held in 2019, 2020, and 2021, 3,861 experiences were approved and 26 initiatives from all over the country were awarded. In the first edition, focusing on universal access, experiences of reorganization of the work process in Primary Health Care (PHC) were highlighted, in order to overcome barriers to organizational and/or care access. In the second edition, held in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the protagonist role of PHC in the fight against COVID-19 was highlighted, with actions of prevention, attention, surveillance and coordination of care. The third edition raised the need for expanded multiprofessional care practices to achieve PHC comprehensiveness and resolution. The Award has been configured as an important strategy for mobilizing territories, for continuing education, for recognizing and sharing good practices, and for institutional cooperation between PAHO/WHO and the Ministry of Health of Brazil. The maintenance and expansion of the Award is fundamental for the strengthening of PHC and as an initiative for the construction and consolidation of PHC innovation laboratories in the Brazilian health system.

RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta uma análise dos principais resultados do Prêmio APS Forte no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em suas três edições, por meio de análise documental e de dados secundários. Nas edições realizadas em 2019, 2020 e 2021, foram aprovadas 3.861 experiências, e premiadas 26 iniciativas de todo o País. Na primeira edição, com foco no acesso universal, foram destacadas experiências de reorganização do processo de trabalho na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), de modo a superar barreiras de acesso organizacional e/ou assistencial. Na segunda edição, realizada no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, evidenciou-se o papel protagonista da APS no enfrentamento da Covid-19, com ações de prevenção, atenção, vigilância e coordenação do cuidado. A terceira edição suscitou a necessidade de práticas de cuidado multiprofissional ampliado para o alcance da integralidade e resolubilidade da APS. O Prêmio tem se configurado como importante estratégia de mobilização dos territórios, de educação permanente, de reconhecimento e compartilhamento de boas práticas e de cooperação institucional entre a Opas/OMS e o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. A manutenção e a ampliação do Prêmio se mostram fundamental para o fortalecimento da APS e como iniciativa para construção e consolidação de laboratórios de inovação da APS no sistema de saúde brasileiro.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the epidemiological indicators of lip and oral cavity cancer in Brazil, in 2017, according to data from the Global Burden of Disease data. METHODS: This is a descriptive study reported according to STROBE guidelines. We identified epidemiological indicators using the Global Burden of Disease results tool. Mortality/incidence rates were described per 100,000 population. Global Burden of Disease 2017 reviews were completed using Python version 2.7, Stata version 13.1, and R version 3.3. RESULTS: In 2017, there were 5,237 deaths from the lip or oral cavity cancer in Brazil, most of them were males aged between 50 and 69 years (2,730 cases, which was equivalent to 52% of the universe of deaths resulting from this cause). Regarding the burden of lip and oral cavity cancer, per 100,000 Brazilians, we observed an incidence of 3.99, prevalence of 15.46, and mortality of 2.29 (with higher indicators in the South and Southeast regions of the country). CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological indicators of lip and oral cavity cancer were higher in men, with higher mortality indicators in individuals aged 50–69 years, and higher rates (incidence, prevalence, and mortality) in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. From 2002–2015, there was a reduction in mortality; however, in the period from 2015–2017, there was a resumption in the growth of this indicator.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to suggest a care protocol for foreign-body ingestion, address the clinical aspects, and identify the ingested object, severity, and professional conduct. METHODS: This is a qualitative study. We used books and original articles published in national and international journals (BIREME, SCIELO, LILACS, and MEDLINE/PubMed) in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. RESULTS: The ingestion of a radiolucent object should be evaluated radiographically and with endoscopy for cases with symptoms of impaction and radiolucent objects. Coins are the most commonly involved foreign bodies. In asymptomatic patients, it often requires only a conservative form of management. Ingestion of batteries, magnets, and sharp objects carries a high risk of serious clinical complications and should have an endoscopic or surgical approach. In view of this, each pediatric emergency service, based on these recommendations, has the possibility to develop an individual protocol to identify and remove the ingested foreign body. CONCLUSIONS: Protocol of care for foreign-body ingestion in children depends on the object ingested, time of ingestion, symptoms, and local epidemiological context. This study provides some suggestions for decision-making in the conduct of health professionals.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of primary health care services through self-reports by caregivers of children and adolescents living in quilombola communities in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study in accordance with the STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology). Exposure variables included sociodemographic characteristics; and outcome variable was the quality of primary health care offered to quilombola children and adolescents. RESULTS: A total of 68 individuals participated in the survey. Quilombolas have a low income, a lower level of education, do not work, and receive government benefits. Our results showed that the quality of primary health care, measured by the experience of caregivers of quilombola children and adolescents, generally presents satisfactory values. CONCLUSION: The quality of primary health care has generally satisfactory values. However, as these results differ from most studies, more research should be conducted.

ABSTRACT This work presents an analysis of the main results of the ‘APS Forte’ Award in the Unified Health System (SUS), in its three editions, through document analysis and secondary data. In all editions, held in 2019, 2020, and 2021, 3,861 experiences were approved and 26 initiatives from all over the country were awarded. In the first edition, focusing on universal access, experiences of reorganization of the work process in Primary Health Care (PHC) were highlighted, in order to overcome barriers to organizational and/or care access. In the second edition, held in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the protagonist role of PHC in the fight against COVID-19 was highlighted, with actions of prevention, attention, surveillance and coordination of care. The third edition raised the need for expanded multiprofessional care practices to achieve PHC comprehensiveness and resolution. The Award has been configured as an important strategy for mobilizing territories, for continuing education, for recognizing and sharing good practices, and for institutional cooperation between PAHO/WHO and the Ministry of Health of Brazil. The maintenance and expansion of the Award is fundamental for the strengthening of PHC and as an initiative for the construction and consolidation of PHC innovation laboratories in the Brazilian health system.

RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta uma análise dos principais resultados do Prêmio APS Forte no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em suas três edições, por meio de análise documental e de dados secundários. Nas edições realizadas em 2019, 2020 e 2021, foram aprovadas 3.861 experiências, e premiadas 26 iniciativas de todo o País. Na primeira edição, com foco no acesso universal, foram destacadas experiências de reorganização do processo de trabalho na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), de modo a superar barreiras de acesso organizacional e/ou assistencial. Na segunda edição, realizada no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, evidenciou-se o papel protagonista da APS no enfrentamento da Covid-19, com ações de prevenção, atenção, vigilância e coordenação do cuidado. A terceira edição suscitou a necessidade de práticas de cuidado multiprofissional ampliado para o alcance da integralidade e resolubilidade da APS. O Prêmio tem se configurado como importante estratégia de mobilização dos territórios, de educação permanente, de reconhecimento e compartilhamento de boas práticas e de cooperação institucional entre a Opas/OMS e o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. A manutenção e a ampliação do Prêmio se mostram fundamental para o fortalecimento da APS e como iniciativa para construção e consolidação de laboratórios de inovação da APS no sistema de saúde brasileiro.