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Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230031

Effect of drying conditions on physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar brs-tumucumaque
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Assis, Miquéias de O.

; Araujo, Eduardo F.

; de Freitas, Francisco C. L.

; da Silva, Laercio J.

; Araujo, Roberto F.

Revista Caatinga

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jun 2023, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 262 - 270

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Seed drying has many advantages, but it can cause irreversible damages, compromising the physiological quality of seeds, especially when they present high water contents. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying conditions (inside and outside the pod) on the physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque before and after storage. A completely randomized experimental design with four replications was used, in a split-plot arrangement. The plots consisted of combinations of harvest seasons (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) and artificial seed drying conditions (inside and outside the pod); and the subplots consisted of storage times (0 and 6 months). The seed water contents were determined and the seeds were evaluated for germination, first germination count, emergence, emergence index, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Higher physiological quality was found for dried seeds inside the pods, which was more evident in seasons 1 and 2, in both storage times. In the other seasons, the drying conditions had no effect on seed germination and vigor at the beginning of storage. The dried seeds inside the pods showed greater vigor after six months of storage. Drying seeds inside the pods favors the maintenance of physiological quality and allows artificial drying of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque with water content of 47%. Artificial drying of seeds with water contents higher than 32.5% is not recommended for the condition outside the pod. The seed physiological potential decreases after six months of storage, regardless of the drying condition.

RESUMO A secagem pode causar prejuízos à qualidade das sementes, principalmente quando apresentam teor de água elevado. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de condições de secagem na qualidade fisiológica inicial e após armazenamento de sementes de feijão-caupi, cv. BRS Tumucumaque. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram alocadas a combinações dos fatores época de colheita (1, 2, 3, 4 e 5) e condição de secagem artificial das sementes (dentro e fora da vagem); os tempos de armazenamento (0 e 6 meses) foram alocados na subparcela. Determinou-se o teor de água e as sementes foram avaliadas pelos testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado e condutividade elétrica. Resultados superiores de qualidade fisiológica foram verificados para as sementes secas dentro da vagem, fato mais evidente nas épocas 1 e 2, em ambos os tempos de armazenamento. Para as demais épocas, no início do armazenamento não houve efeito da condição de secagem na germinação e vigor. As sementes secas dentro da vagem apresentaram maior vigor após seis meses de armazenamento. A secagem dentro da vagem favorece a manutenção da qualidade fisiológica e permite a secagem artificial de sementes de feijão-caupi, cv. BRS Tumucumaque, com teor de água de 47%. Não se recomenda a secagem artificial de sementes com teor de água acima de 32,5% na condição fora da vagem. Após seis meses de armazenamento, independentemente da condição de secagem, há redução no potencial fisiológico das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n203rc

Synthesis of Alkynylselenides under Visible-Light Irradiation Using the Ionic Liquid [BMIm]BF4 as a Solvent
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Soares, Eduardo G. O.

; Paixão, Douglas B.

; Silva, Caren D. G. da

; Schneider, Paulo H.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 590 - 599

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this work, a visible-light-driven synthesis of alkynyl selenides using [BMIm]BF4 as an environmentally friendly solvent and without the addition of metal catalysts, photosensitizers, directing-groups, or bases is reported. The target compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance by the reaction of diorganoyldiselenides with 1-bromoalkynes proceeding through a radical mechanism.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220133

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Aqueous Extract of Eucalyptus grandis
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Oliveira, Lucas M. F.

; Silva, Ueveton P. da

; Braga, João Pedro V.

; Teixeira, Álvaro V. N. C.

; Ribon, Andréa O. B.

; Varejão, Eduardo V. V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Freitas, Camila S. de

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

; Moreira, Renata P L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 527 - 536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Resveratrol directly suppresses proteolysis possibly via PKA/CREB signaling in denervated rat skeletal muscle
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I.S. JÚNIOR, IVANILDO

; ZANETTI, GUSTAVO O.

; VIEIRA, TALES S.

; ALBUQUERQUE, FLÁVIA P.

; GOMES, DAYANE A.

; PAULA-GOMES, SILVA

; VALENTIM, RAFAEL R.

; GRAÇA, FLAVIA A.

; KETTLHUT, ISIS C.

; NAVEGANTES, LUIZ C.C.

; GONÇALVES, DAWIT A.P.

; LIRA, EDUARDO C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 2 elocation e20220877

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Although there are reports that polyphenol resveratrol (Rsv) may cause muscle hypertrophy in basal conditions and attenuate muscle wasting in catabolic situations, its mechanism of action is still unclear. Our study evaluated the ex vivo effects of Rsv on protein metabolism and intracellular signaling in innervated (sham-operated; Sham) and 3-day sciatic denervated (Den) rat skeletal muscles. Rsv (10-4 M) reduced total proteolysis (40%) in sham muscles. Den increased total proteolysis (~40%) in muscle, which was accompanied by an increase in the activities of ubiquitin-proteasome (~3-fold) and lysosomal (100%) proteolytic systems. Rsv reduced total proteolysis (59%) in Den muscles by inhibiting the hyperactivation of ubiquitin-proteasome (50%) and lysosomal (~70%) systems. Neither Rsv nor Den altered calcium-dependent proteolysis in muscles. Mechanistically, Rsv stimulated PKA/CREB signaling in Den muscles, and PKA blockage by H89 (50μM) abolished the antiproteolytic action of the polyphenol. Rsv reduced FoxO4 phosphorylation (~60%) in both Sham and Den muscles and Akt phosphorylation (36%) in Den muscles. Rsv also caused a homeostatic effect in Den muscles by returning their protein synthesis rates to levels similar to Sham muscles. These data indicate that Rsv directly inhibits the proteolytic activity of lysosomal and ubiquitin-proteasome systems, mainly in Den muscles through, at least in part, the activation of PKA/CREB signaling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220877

Tensile bond strength of adhesive mortars with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and vinyl acetate-ethylene polymers after thermal storage
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KOTOVIEZY, LEIDIMARA A.M.

; PEREIRA, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ISAC J.

; COSTA, MARIENNE R.M.M.

; TRENTIN, PRISCILA O.

; MEDEIROS-JUNIOR, RONALDO A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 3 elocation e20220856

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The properties of adhesive mortars can change due to heating, compromising the durability of the coating systems. The aim of this article was to evaluate the influence of cement and polymer contents on the tensile bond strength of adhesive mortars after thermal storage. Ceramic tiling system specimens were prepared with seventeen formulations of adhesive mortars. These specimens were stored under dry (reference) at temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5% of relative humidity and thermal (temperature of 70 ± 2 °C) conditions. The results showed that the cement content was the major factor concerning tensile bond strength. The vinyl acetate-ethylene (VAE) polymer improved the tensile bond strength of mortars under thermal storage. However, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) content contributed to the tensile bond strength only when higher cement contents were used. Besides, microstructure analysis showed that ettringite was degraded during thermal storage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220856

CHOose Study: contraceptive choices in women with class 2 and class 3 obesity in the Primary Care of Vila Nova de Gaia and Espinho
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Napoleão, Leonardo

; Costa, Ana Carolina

; Araújo, Ana Catarina

; Silva, Ana Isabel

; Vidal, Ana

; Cardoso, Carla

; Baía, Catarina

; Saraiva, Daniela

; Alves, Eduarda

; Almeida, Eduardo

; Santos, Filipe

; Rodrigues, Inês O.

; Silva, Joana

; Louçano, João

; Lira, Luís Terroso

; Cruz, Mariana

; Horta, Mariana

; Neves, Marta Perro

; Graça, Paulo

; Sonié, Pedro

; Borges, Raquel

; Albuquerque, Sara

; Leite, Sara

; Teixeira, Sara

; Andrade, Teresa

Acta Obstétrica e Ginecológica Portuguesa

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dec 2022, Volume 16 N. 4 Pages 332 - 340

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução e Objetivos: A prevalência da obesidade entre mulheres em idade fértil tem aumentado nos últimos anos, devendo ser considerada na escolha do método contracetivo. Estas mulheres apresentam maior risco de eventos tromboembólicos, sendo superior com a utilização de contraceção hormonal combinada (CHC). Por este motivo, algumas sociedades médicas não recomendam a utilização de CHC nas mulheres com obesidade classe 2 e 3. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a terapêutica contracetiva nas mulheres obesas de classe 2 ou superior em nove Unidades de Saúde Familiar (USF’s) da região norte de Portugal. Tipo de Estudo: Estudo multicêntrico observacional retrospetivo transversal. População: Todas as mulheres em idade fértil (15-49 anos), com IMC ≥35 kg/m2, inscritas nas USF’s intervenientes e inseridas no programa de planeamento familiar (PF). Métodos: A amostra foi recolhida através da plataforma MIM@UF® e a identificação do método anticoncecional e antecedentes tromboembólicos através do processo clínico (SClínico®). Foram excluídas mulheres grávidas, mulheres sem consulta nos últimos cinco anos e mulheres com dados inválidos. Resultados: Da amostra inicial de 1063 mulheres, 123 foram excluídas. A idade média era 36,8 ± 8,8 anos e o IMC médio era 39,2 ± 4,0 kg/m2. Desta amostra, 36,2% (n=340) estavam sob progestativos (70,9% progestativo oral, 14,7% sistema intrauterino com levonorgestrel, 13,8% com implante progestativo, 0,6% com progestativo injetável); 27,7% (n=260) estavam sob CHC, 12,8% (n=120) estava sob métodos não hormonais (55,8% métodos de barreira; 37,5% dispositivo intrauterino de cobre; 6,7% métodos naturais); 6,4% (n=60) estavam com métodos permanentes e 17,0% não utilizavam método contracetivo (n=160). Nesta amostra, 2,2% (n=21) tinham antecedentes tromboembólicos. Conclusões: A CHC é o segundo método mais usado nas USF intervenientes, apesar do seu uso não estar recomendado. Dado o elevado risco de eventos tromboembólicos, é essencial implementar medidas corretivas para a melhoria do aconselhamento contracetivo nas consultas de PF.

Abstract Overview and Aims: The prevalence of obesity among fertile women has increased over the last few years and should be considered when choosing a contraceptive method. These women have a higher risk of thromboembolic events that increases with the use of combined hormonal contraception (CHC). Therefore, some medical societies do not recommend the use of CHC in women with class 2 obesity or higher. This study aims to assess the contraceptive methods used in women with class 2 obesity or higher in nine Primary Healthcare Units (PHU) in northern Portugal. Study Design: Multicentric retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. Population: All women of reproductive age (between ages 15 and 49), with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, enrolled in the intervening PHU and included in the family planning (FP) program. Methods: The sample was collected using the MIM@UF® database, obtaining the contraceptive method and thromboembolic history through the individual electronic medical record system, Sclínico®. Pregnant women, women without a medical appointment in the previous five years and women with invalid data were excluded. Results: From the initial sample of 1063 women, 123 were excluded. The mean age was 36.8 ± 8.8 years, the mean BMI was 39.2 ± 4.0 kg/m2. From the sample, 36.2% (n=340) were using progestogen (70.9% progestogen-only pill, 14.7% levonorgestrel intrauterine system, 13.8% progestogen-only implant, 0.6% progestogen-only injectables); 27.7% (n=260) were taking CHC; 12.8% (n=120) were with a non-hormonal methods (55.8% barrier methods; 37.5% copper intrauterine contraceptive device, 6.7% natural methods); 6.4% (n=60) were with permanent methods, 17.0% were not using any type of contraception (n=160). In this sample, 2,2% (n=21) had a thromboembolic event. Conclusions: CHC was the second most used method in the intervening FHU, although its use is not recommended. Given the high risk of thromboembolic events, it is essential to implement corrective measures to improve contraceptive counselling in FP consultations.

Agrotechnological characteristics of sugarcane cultivars irrigated with salinized water
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Laime, Eduardo M. O.

; Fernandes, Pedro D.

; Souto Filho, Lenildo T.

; Dias, Mirandy dos S.

; Silva, Francisco de A. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2022, Volume 26 N. 11 Pages 875 - 884

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Com a expansão do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar no semiárido brasileiro, há o risco constante de salinização do solo, devido as peculiaridades edafoclimáticas da região, o que tem demandado estudos para identificar genótipos tolerantes ao estresse salino. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar as características agrotecnológicas de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar irrigadas com água salinizada. O estudo foi realizado na área experimental da Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. Os tratamentos consistiram a partir da combinação de duas cultivares de cana-de-açúcar (SP 81 3250 e RB 92 579) e cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,6; 1,6; 2,6; 3,6 e 4,6 dS m-1). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 × 5 com quatro repetições, totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. A cana-de-áçúcar cultivar SP 81 3250 sob irrigação com água salina de 0.6, 1.6 e 2.6 dS m-1 obtém maior numero de folhas em relação a RB 92 579, aos 125 dias após o plantio. A salinidade da água de irrigação variando de 0.6 a 4.6 dS m-1 reduz a altura do colmo e a massa de colmo por touceira da cana-de-açúcar, independente da cultivar. A cana-de-áçucar cultivar RB 92 579 detem maior altura do colmo, número de perfilhos, massa de colmo por touceira, porcentagem de açúcares aparente, sólidos solúveis totais, sacarose polarizada e açúcares totais recuperáveis, enquanto SP 81 3250 teve a maior porcentagem de matéria insolúvel em água contida na cana, independente da salinidade.

ABSTRACT With the expansion of sugarcane cultivation in the semiarid region of Brazil, there is a constant risk of soil salinization because of the edaphoclimatic peculiarities of the region, requiring studies to identify genotypes tolerant to salt stress. This study evaluated the agrotechnological characteristics of sugarcane cultivars irrigated with salinized water. This study was performed in the experimental area of the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The treatments consisted of a combination of two sugarcane cultivars (SP 81 3250 and RB 92 579) and five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.6, 1.6, 2.6, 3.6, and 4.6 dS m-1). A randomized block design was used in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme with four replicates, totaling 40 experimental units. The sugarcane cultivar SP 81 3250 under irrigation with saline water of 0.6, 1.6, and 2.6 dS m-1 promoted a greater number of leaves in relation to RB 92 579, 125 days after planting. The salinity of the irrigation water varying from 0.6 to 4.6 dS m-1 reduces the culm height and culm mass per clump of the sugarcane, regardless of the cultivar. The sugarcane cultivar RB 92 579 had the highest culm height, number of tillers, culm mass per clump, percentage of apparent sugars, soluble solids, polarized sucrose, and total recoverable sugars, whereas SP 81 3250 had the highest percentage of water-insoluble matter contained in the cane, regardless of water salinity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p875-884

10.

Natural erosion potential in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil
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Raimo, Luis A. Di L. Di

; Amorim, Ricardo S. S.

; Couto, Eduardo G.

; Hunter, Maria O.

; Torres, Gilmar N.

; Bocuti, Edwaldo D.

; Silva, Lucas de C. M. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2022, Volume 26 N. 9 Pages 655 - 661

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O entendimento da suscetibilidade de solos à erosão é crucial para o planejamento de uso da terra visando uma agricultura sustentável. O estudo teve como objetivo determinar a variabilidade espacial do potencial natural de erosão para o Estado de Mato Grosso, um importante centro agrícola do Brasil. O potencial natural de erosão foi calculado usando a Equação Universal de Perda de Solo, que considera a erosividade, erodibilidade e o fator topográfico. Para cada um desses três fatores foi criado um mapa em formato raster, que foi combinado em um Sistema de Informação Geográfica e usado para criar o mapa de potencial natural de erosão. O mapa foi, então, utilizado para separar classes do potencial natural de erosão para o Estado de Mato Grosso. O Estado predominantemente apresentou níveis médios de potencial natural de erosão (58,38% da área), seguido por altos (21,67%) e baixos (19,57%) níveis. As áreas de baixo potencial natural de erosão estão predominantemente localizadas nas partes mais planas do Estado. O fator topográfico apresentou forte correlação com o potencial natural de erosão, sendo um importante componente para auxiliar o planejamento do uso da terra e práticas de conservação do solo. Regiões consideradas com maiores potenciais naturais de erosão são mais comuns nas macrorregiões noroeste (46,69% da área), norte (32,7%) e oeste (30,05%).

ABSTRACT Understanding the susceptibility of soils to erosion is crucial for planning land use towards sustainable agriculture. This study aimed to determine the spatial variability of natural erosion potential for the state of Mato Grosso, an important agricultural center of Brazil. Natural erosion potential was calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation, which accounts for erosivity, erodibility, and the topographic factor. For each of these three factors, a map was generated in raster format that was combined into a Geographic Information System and used to create a map of natural erosion potential. This map was then used to separate classes of natural erosion potential for the state of Mato Grosso. The state predominantly has medium levels of natural erosion potential (58.38% in area), followed by high (21.67%) and low (19.57%) levels. Areas of low natural erosion potential are predominantly located in the flatter sections of the state. The topographic factor was strongly correlated with natural erosion potential. It is an important component to support land use planning and soil conservation practices. Regions considered to have high natural erosion potential are most commonly in the northwest (46.69% in area), north (32.7%), and west (30.05%) macro-regions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n9p655-661

11.

Antibacterial Profile in vitro and in vivo of New 1,4-Naphthoquinones Tethered to 1,2,3-1H-Triazoles Against the Planktonic Growth of Streptococcus mutans
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Gomes, Mônica P.

; Correia, Eduardo M.

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Santos, Claudio C. C. dos

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Abreu, Fernanda V. de

; Antunes, Leonardo S.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Gonçalves, Mariana C.

; Resende, Gabriel O. de

; Gonzaga, Daniel T. G.

; Pinto, Carla E. C.

; Paixão, Izabel C. N. P.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2022, Volume 33 N. 9 Pages 1028 - 1040

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The cariogenic processes are mainly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and consist of the demineralization of the tooth that occurs when the acid production overcomes the natural repair or if a problem occurs in the last one. In this work, we performed the synthesis of twenty-one 1,4-naphthoquinones tethered to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles (8a-8k and 9a-9j), antibacterial evaluation against the S. mutans in vitro and the acute toxicity of the better ones in vivo. We observed strong inhibition results in the disc diffusion test ranging, the halos of inhibitions, from 18.66 (± 0.57) to 29 (± 2.64) mm, and good values in the minimum inhibitory concentration (5 to 50 μg), for the compounds 9e, 9h, 9i and 9j: Furthermore, they do not have a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations tested. Besides that, in the in vivo test, they show some slight alteration in the histopathological analyses and the biochemistry. Thus, we found four potential candidates to become instruments for the treatment of cavities.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220014

12.

Determination of Ethyl Carbamate in Commercial Sweetened Sugar Cane Spirit by ESI-MS/MS Using Modified QuEChERS and 18-Crown-6/Trifluoroacetic Acid Spiking Additives
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Tonin, Angélica P. P.

; Poliseli, Camila B.

; Sinosaki, Nayane M.

; Martinez, Fernanda C.

; Santos, Oscar O.

; Oliveira, Cláudio C.

; Silva, Valquiria M.

; Visentainer, Jesuí V.

; Meurer, Eduardo C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2022, Volume 33 N. 6 Pages 523 - 529

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A fast, sensitive, and selective direct injection electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (DI ESI MS/MS) method that is able to quantify ethyl carbamate in commercial sweetened sugar cane spirit is described. The preparation method uses a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) with potassium carbonate added to sweetened sugar cane spirit to separate the aqueous phase from the ethanol phase. The aqueous phase contains sucrose that suppresses electrospray ionization. Ethyl carbamate supernatant from the ethanol phase is transferred and enriched with 18-crown-6/trifluoroacetic acid additives. The additives sequester metal cations reducing the ionization of sodium and potassium, favoring the detection of ethyl carbamate as sole protonated cations. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of eleven real samples and certified sugar cane spirit demonstrating its applicability for quality control and regulatory analysis. The method showed reliable analytical parameters compared to conventional gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method commonly used for ethyl carbamate analysis. DI-ESI-MS/MS method requires just a fast step sample clean up and presents consistent values for the limit of detection (LOD 48.0 μg L-1) and limit of quantification (LOQ 160.0 μg L-1). Furthermore, the recoveries obtained were close to 100%, with relative standard deviations below 10% of sample certificates.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220001

13.

Does environmental enrichment improve performance, morphometry, yield and weight of broiler parts at different ages?
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Nazareno, Aérica C.

; Silva, Iran J. O. da

; Delgado, Eduardo F.

; Machado, Miguel

; Pradella, Luiz O.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2022, Volume 26 N. 4 Pages 292 - 298

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A inclusão do enriquecimento ambiental na criação convencional dos frangos de corte pode causar aumento na mobilidade, massa óssea e músculos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o uso do enriquecimento ambiental na criação de frangos de corte em diferentes idades e sua influencia no desempenho, morfometria, rendimento e peso das partes. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo que, nas parcelas foram alocados os tratamentos presença (T1) e ausência (T2) de enriquecimento ambiental e nas subparcelas as idades dos frangos (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias), com 56 aves em cada tratamento (T1 e T2). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo modelo linear de efeitos fixos e comparados pelo teste de médias de Tukey. Os animais foram criados em ambiente controlado, dividido em quatro boxes com dimensões: 1,5 × 1,0 × 0,7 m, contendo cama de palha de arroz. Em T1 utilizou-se uma escada com poleiro no topo distribuída a cada 1,5 m2. O uso de enriquecimento ambiental não influenciou no desempenho zootécnico dos frangos de corte. As propriedades morfométricas, peso das partes e o peso corporal dos frangos de corte aumentaram, devido ao uso do enriquecimento ambiental; essa melhoria foi observada na fase final de criação das aves. O enriquecimento ambiental foi benéfico para ganho de massa muscular e óssea nas principais partes comerciais da carcaça de frango, além de reduzir o coeficiente alométrico dos peitos dos frangos.

ABSTRACT The inclusion of environmental enrichment in conventional broiler rearing can increase mobility, bone mass and muscle. This research aimed to evaluate the use of environmental enrichment in the rearing of broilers at different ages and its influence on performance, morphometry, yield and weight of the parts. It was used the completely randomized design in split-plot scheme, being the plots the treatments presence (T1) and absence (T2) of environmental enrichment and the subplots the broiler ages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days), with 56 chicks in each treatment (T1 and T2). Data obtained were analyzed by the linear effect model of fixed effects and compared by Tukey’s test of means. The animals were raised in a controlled environment, divided into four boxes with dimensions: 1.5 × 1.0 × 0.7 m, containing rice straw bed. In T1 a ladder with a perch on top was used, distributed every 1.5 m2. Environmental enrichment used did not influence broiler’s zootechnical performance. Broilers’ morphometric properties, parts weight and body weight increased due to environmental enrichment and, improvement was observed in chicks rearing’s final phase. The environmental enrichment was beneficial for muscle and bone mass gain in the main commercial parts of the chicken carcass, in addition to reducing the allometric coefficient of the breasts in chickens.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n4p292-298

14.

Dysregulation in erythrocyte dynamics caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection: possible role in shuffling the homeostatic puzzle during COVID-19
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Mendonça, Michelle Mendanha

; da Cruz, Kellen Rosa

; Pinheiro, Denise da Silva

; Moraes, Gean Carlos Alves

; Ferreira, Patricia Maria

; Ferreira-Neto, Marcos Luiz

; da Silva, Eduardo Sérgio

; Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela

; Pedrino, Gustavo Rodrigues

; Fajemiroye, James O.

; Xavier, Carlos Henrique

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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apr 2022, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 235 - 245

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction The evolving COVID-19 pandemic became a hallmark in human history, not only by changing lifestyles, but also by enriching scientific knowledge on viral infection and its consequences. Objective Although the management of cardiorespiratory changes is pivotal to a favorable prognosis during severe clinical findings, dysregulation of other systems caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection may imbalance erythrocyte dynamics, such as a bidirectional positive feedback loop pathophysiology. Method and Results Recent evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of affecting the genetics and dynamics of erythrocytes and this coexists with a non-homeostatic function of cardiovascular, respiratory and renal systems during COVID-19. In hypothesis, SARS-CoV-2-induced systematical alterations of erythrocytes dynamics would constitute a setpoint for COVID-19-related multiple organ failure syndrome and death. Conclusion The present review covers the most frequent erythrocyte-related non-homeostatic findings during COVID-19 capable of providing mechanistic clues of SARS-CoV-2-induced infection and inspiring therapeutic-oriented scientific evidence.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.01.005

15.

Proposal for the zoning of the industrial Brachyplatystoma vaillantii fisheries of the North Coast of Brazil and the influence of climatic factors on the fluctuations in the abundance of the species
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COSTA, PAMELLA O. DA

; JÚNIOR, IVAN F.

; PAES, EDUARDO T.

; RIBEIRO, FÁBIO C.P.

; SILVA, JÉSSICA A. DA

; SANTOS, DEUSILENE C. DOS

; CINTRA, ISRAEL H.A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 1 elocation e20191320

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study was based on the analysis of 10,467 trawls of the industrial piramutaba (Brachyplatystoma vaillantii) fishing fleet of the Brazilian state of Pará, which were mapped by onboard GPS loggers (between February 2008 and September 2011) and the PREPS data from 40 vessels which were tracked by this system between 2008 and 2011. The variation in the mean monthly CPUE, based on Lomb’s periodogram, revealed a well-defined and constant cycle with a duration of approximately one year. Three environmental factors influenced this cycle. The El Niño 3.4 index had a negative correlation with the CPUE of the piramutaba fishery, with a time lag of 15 months, while monthly rainfall and the mean discharge of the Amazon River correlated strongly (r=0.89 and 0.87, respectively; p<0.001) with the CPUE, with time lags of 12 and 11 months, respectively. The spatiotemporal analysis of the distribution of the activity of the piramutaba fishing fleet indicated that the most intense area of operation of the fleet lies between latitudes 00º N and 02° N, and longitudes 047º40’ W and 049º40’ W. This area was divided into four geographic quadrants, although fishery operations were concentrated in only three of these quadrants. The study proposed a quadrimester fishing cycle with zoning in three of the quadrants, where fishing would be permitted for four months (occupation period), followed by an 8-month rest period for the recuperation of stocks, aiming at the sustainability of this fishing exploration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191320 1 downloads

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