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Educação permanente para farmacêuticos preceptores que atuam na atenção primária no Sistema Único de Saúde: um estudo qualitativo
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Bonomo, Larissa de Freitas

; Silva, Igor Dias

; Montanhas, Tamires da Silva

; Mesquita, Alessandra Rezende

; Oliveira, Djenane Ramalho de

; Mendonça, Simone de Araújo Medina

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 33 elocation e33081

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract A good preceptorship practice requires lifelong education. In this context, a course was developed for pharmacist preceptors aiming to promote the development of clinical skills. This study aims to describe the educational experience developed and the participants' perspective on it. This is a qualitative study, with data collection through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The transcribed data were submitted to thematic analysis. The planning of the educational activity, carried out based on a diagnosis with the pharmacists, resulted in satisfaction on the part of the pharmacists, who stressed the relevance of the topics addressed for their daily practice. The theoretical-practical course with case studies that aimed to develop initial clinical skills proved to be satisfactory from the perspective of the participants. Problems in the management of the local health system made it difficult to carry out the on-site support phase, initially planned. In addition, factors that influence the possibility of applying such competences in professional daily life were evidenced. The knowledge generated can be used to support other university-health service integration experiences for the lifelong education of pharmacists, taking advantage of the positive aspects and developing strategies to prevent the identified problems.

Resumo O bom exercício da preceptoria exige educação permanente dos profissionais de saúde. Nesse contexto, foi desenvolvido curso para preceptores farmacêuticos em um município do leste de Minas Gerais, visando promover o desenvolvimento de competências clínicas. O objetivo do estudo é descrever a experiência educacional desenvolvida e a perspectiva dos participantes sobre a mesma. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, com coleta de dados por observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise documental. Os dados transcritos foram submetidos a análise temática. O planejamento da atividade educacional, realizado a partir de diagnóstico com os farmacêuticos, resultou em satisfação por parte dos mesmos, que ressaltaram a relevância dos temas abordados para sua prática cotidiana. O curso teórico-prático com estudos de casos que objetivava desenvolver competências clínicas iniciais demonstrou-se satisfatório na perspectiva dos participantes. Problemas na gestão do sistema de saúde local dificultaram a realização da fase de apoio in loco, prevista inicialmente. Além disso, evidenciaram-se fatores que influenciam na possibilidade de aplicação de tais competências no cotidiano profissional. Os conhecimentos gerados podem ser subsidiar outras experiências de integração universidade-serviço de saúde para educação permanente de farmacêuticos, com aproveitamento dos aspectos positivos e desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção dos problemas identificados.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-7331202333081

Educação permanente para farmacêuticos preceptores que atuam na atenção primária no Sistema Único de Saúde: um estudo qualitativo Saúde
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Bonomo, Larissa de Freitas

; Silva, Igor Dias

; Montanhas, Tamires da Silva

; Mesquita, Alessandra Rezende

; Oliveira, Djenane Ramalho de

; Mendonça, Simone de Araújo Medina

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 33 elocation e33081

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-7331202333081

Covid-19 no nordeste do Brasil: entre o lockdown e o relaxamento das medidas de distanciamento social
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Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar

; Albuquerque, Maria de Fatima Pessoa Militão de

; Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi

; Araújo, Thália Velho Barreto de

; Miranda Filho, Demócrito de Barros

; Souza, Wayner Vieira de

; Ichihara, Maria Yury Travassos

; Lira, Pedro Israel Cabral de

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Aquino, Estela ML

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Almeida, Rosa Lívia Freitas de

; Kendall, Carl

; Pescarini, Julia M

; Brandão Filho, Sinval Pinto

; Almeida-Filho, Naomar

; Oliveira, Juliane Fonseca de

; Teles, Carlos

; Jorge, Daniel Cardoso Pereira

; Santana, Guilherme

; Gabrielli, Ligia

; Rodrigues, Moreno MS

; Silva, Natanael Jesus da

; Souza, Rafael Felipe da Silva

; Silva, Vivian Alessandra Ferreira da

; Barreto, Maurício Lima

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2021, Volume 26 N. 4 Pages 1441 - 1456

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Mesmo no período em que a pandemia de Covid-19 encontrava-se em crescimento no Nordeste do Brasil, iniciou-se a adoção de medidas de flexibilização do distanciamento social. O objetivo do estudo é o de avaliar a pertinência das propostas de flexibilização, tomando-se em conta a situação da pandemia em cada local e o momento em que foram adotadas. Tendo como referência as diretrizes da OMS, foram construídos e analisados indicadores operacionais para cada diretriz, no contexto da região Nordeste. Para análise do comportamento da epidemia, conforme indicadores selecionados, foram usadas técnicas de Joinpoint Trend Analysis, mapas de calor, razão de taxas e comparação da tendência temporal entre capitais e interior dos estados. O pico do crescimento semanal ocorreu em maio-julho/2020 (semanas epidemiológicas 19 a 31). Na maioria das capitais não se observou tendência decrescente simultânea do número de casos e óbitos nos 14 dias prévios à flexibilização. Em todos os estados o quantitativo de testes realizados foi insuficiente. Na semana epidemiológica 24 os percentuais estaduais de ocupação de leitos de UTI/Covid-19 foram próximos ou superiores 70%. A situação epidemiológica das nove capitais dos estados do Nordeste, no momento em que a decisão de flexibilização foi tomada, mostra que nenhuma delas atendia aos critérios e parâmetros recomendados pela OMS.

Abstract Even in the period when the Covid-19 pandemic was on the rise in the Northeast of Brazil, the relaxation of social distancing measures was introduced. The scope of the study is to assess, in the light of the epidemiological-sanitary situation in the region, the suitability of relaxation of social distancing measures. Based on the WHO guidelines for relaxation of social distancing, operational indicators were created and analyzed for each guideline in the context of the Northeast. To analyze the behavior of the epidemic, according to selected indicators, Joinpoint trend analysis techniques, heat maps, rate ratios and time trends between capitals and the state interior were compared. The weekly growth peak of the epidemic occurred in May-July 2020 (epidemiological weeks 19 to 31). In most capitals, there was no simultaneous downward trend in the number of cases and deaths in the 14 days prior to flexibilization. In all states the number of tests performed was insufficient. In epidemiological week 24, the state percentages of ICU/Covid-19 bed occupancy were close to or above 70%. The epidemiological situation of the nine Northeastern state capitals analyzed here did not meet criteria and parameters recommended by the World Health Organization for the relaxation of social distancing measures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021264.39422020 2043 downloads

Covid-19 no nordeste do Brasil: entre o lockdown e o relaxamento das medidas de distanciamento social
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Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar

; Albuquerque, Maria de Fatima Pessoa Militão de

; Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi

; Araújo, Thália Velho Barreto de

; Miranda Filho, Demócrito de Barros

; Souza, Wayner Vieira de

; Ichihara, Maria Yury Travassos

; Lira, Pedro Israel Cabral de

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Aquino, Estela ML

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Almeida, Rosa Lívia Freitas de

; Kendall, Carl

; Pescarini, Julia M

; Brandão Filho, Sinval Pinto

; Almeida-Filho, Naomar

; Oliveira, Juliane Fonseca de

; Teles, Carlos

; Jorge, Daniel Cardoso Pereira

; Santana, Guilherme

; Gabrielli, Ligia

; Rodrigues, Moreno MS

; Silva, Natanael Jesus da

; Souza, Rafael Felipe da Silva

; Silva, Vivian Alessandra Ferreira da

; Barreto, Maurício Lima

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2021, Volume 26 N. 4 Pages 1441 - 1456

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021264.39422020

Identification and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit of a hospital in southeastern Brazil
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Fernandes, Luciano Freitas

; Souza, Geziella Áurea Aparecida Damasceno

; Almeida, Anna Christina de

; Cardoso, Léia

; Xavier, Mauro Aparecido de Sousa

; Pinheiro, Talles Patrick Prates

; Cruz, Guilherme Henrique Santos da

; Dourado, Hellen Fonseca Silva

; Silva, Wender Soares

; Xavier, Alessandra Rejane Ericsson de Oliveira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200244

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Contaminated hospital environments contribute to the transmission of microorganisms associated with healthcare. Contaminated surfaces handled by patients or healthcare professionals are a source of microorganism transmission by hand. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteria are among the main agents responsible for increasing healthcare-associated infections in Brazil and worldwide. METHODS: The objective of this study was to screen and characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. on surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit. Microbiological samples, collected from ten beds in an intensive care unit with five sampling sites, were inoculated into a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chromogenic medium. MALDI-TOF and PCR analyses were used to identify the bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion test. The presence of the mecA gene was investigated using PCR. RESULTS: We observed that 44 out of the 50 sampling sites presented grown isolates in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus medium. The incidence of isolated microorganisms on the right side rail, left side rail, tables, infusion pump keypad, and cardiac monitor were 18.8 %, 36.7 %, 10.9 %, 2.4 %, and 31 %, respectively. The 42 isolates included in this study were identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All of these microorganisms were multidrug-resistant and mecA gene-positive. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the presence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus on the beds of an intensive care unit, providing evidence for the necessity of assertive actions to decrease the risk of healthcare-associated infections at the site.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0244-2020 413 downloads

Feedback on research results to healthcare professionals in the context of HIV
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Palmeira, Iací Proença

; Rodrigues, Ivaneide Leal Ataíde

; Teixeira, Elizabeth

; Panarra, Bruna Alessandra Costa e Silva

; Almeida, Ana Isabella Sousa

; Carneiro, Daiane Freitas

; Galvão, Sâmela Stefane Corrêa

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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oct 2019, Volume 72 N. 5 Pages 1416 - 1420

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: Reporting the feedback on the results of a multicenter research for healthcare professionals that attend people living with HIV and AIDS in a Specialized Healthcare Center at Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Method: Case report of the presentation and interpretation of research results, in 2015, totaling 25 participating professionals. The visual resource used was a data projector. Results: Participants reported the importance of the initiative, since, even though it is their right, feedback on research results is uncommon. Among the discussed issues, emerged the need for a culturally appropriate device for adequately strengthening educational practices carried out by healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Feedback on the research results enabled exchange of knowledge about the findings and production of new knowledge. In addition to achieving the social and ethical commitment of research, by promoting dissemination of results, enabling reflections on the reality in which they work.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Relatar la devolutiva de los resultados de un estudio multicéntrico para profesionales de salud que atienden a personas que viven con VIH y sida en una Unidad de Referencia Especializada de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Método: Relato de experiencia de la presentación e interpretación de los resultados de la investigación, en el año 2015, totalizando 25 profesionales participantes. Se utilizó como recurso visual el Data Show. Resultados: Los participantes relataron la importancia de la iniciativa, pues, aun siendo derecho de ellos, no son comunes las acciones de devolución de los resultados de investigaciones. Entre las cuestiones discutidas, surgió la necesidad de un dispositivo culturalmente adecuado para el fortalecimiento de las prácticas educativas realizadas por los profesionales. Conclusión: La devolución de los resultados de la investigación posibilitó el intercambio de saberes sobre los hallazgos y la producción de nuevos conocimientos. También permitió alcanzar el compromiso social y ético de la investigación, al promover la difusión de los resultados, propiciando reflexiones sobre la realidad en que actúan.

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar a devolutiva dos resultados de uma pesquisa multicêntrica para profissionais de saúde que atendem pessoas que vivem com HIV e aids em uma Unidade de Referência Especializada de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Método: Relato de experiência da apresentação e interpretação dos resultados da pesquisa, no ano de 2015, totalizando 25 profissionais participantes. Utilizou-se como recurso visual o Datashow. Resultados: Os participantes relataram a importância da iniciativa, pois, mesmo sendo direito deles, não são comuns as ações de devolução dos resultados de pesquisas. Dentre as questões discutidas, emergiu a necessidade de um dispositivo culturalmente adequado para o fortalecimento das práticas educativas realizadas pelos profissionais. Conclusão: A devolutiva dos resultados da pesquisa possibilitou troca de saberes sobre os achados e produção de novos conhecimentos. Também possibilitou alcançar o compromisso social e ético da pesquisa, ao promover difusão dos resultados, propiciando reflexões sobre a realidade em que atuam.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0875 22 downloads

Feedback on research results to healthcare professionals in the context of HIV
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Palmeira, Iací Proença

; Rodrigues, Ivaneide Leal Ataíde

; Teixeira, Elizabeth

; Panarra, Bruna Alessandra Costa e Silva

; Almeida, Ana Isabella Sousa

; Carneiro, Daiane Freitas

; Galvão, Sâmela Stefane Corrêa

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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oct 2019, Volume 72 N. 5 Pages 1416 - 1420

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0875 1169 downloads

USE OF NEEM (Azadirachta indica) AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS IN BROILER CHICKENS’ FEED
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Assunção, Patricia da Silva

; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho

; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez

; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora

; Teixeira, Karla Andrade

; Oliveira, Helder Freitas de

; Carvalho, Deborah Pereira

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2019, Volume 20 elocation e-52588

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Realizou-se um experimento objetivando avaliar a utilização de Neem como antimicrobiano em rações de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 240 pintos de corte, Cobb, com 1 dia de idade, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, 4 tratamentos, 6 repetições, 10 aves por unidade experimental, o período experimental foi de 21 dias. Os tratamentos consistiram: dieta basal sem inclusão de antimicrobiano; dieta com 0,05% de tilosina; dieta com 0,05% e 0,1% de Neem. Avaliou-se: o desempenho zootécnico, a digestibilidade da ração, contagem intestinal de Salmonella sp. e Escherichia coli, e o desenvolvimento dos órgãos linfoides. Dados de desempenho e metabolização dos nutrientes da ração foram submetidos à ANOVA, médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey, adotou-se α=0,05. Dados de contagem de E. coli foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O Neem não influenciou as variáveis de desempenho. O coeficiente de metabolizabilidade da matéria seca e extrato etéreo da ração foi melhor com utilização de tilosina (P<0,05). Não se observou crescimento de Salmonella durante o período experimental. A utilização de Neem não reduziu a população de E. coli, e não influenciou no peso dos órgãos linfoides. A utilização do Neem não afetou o desempenho, digestibilidade e microbiota intestinal das aves até 21 dias.

Abstract In the present work, we carried out an experiment aiming at evaluating the use of Neem as an antimicrobial substance in the feeds of broiler chickens. We used 240 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks distributed in an entirely casual design, with 4 treatments, 6 repetitions and 10 birds per experimental unit, during a 21-day experimental period. Treatments consisted of a basal diet with no antimicrobial inclusion, a diet with 0.05% of tylosin, and a diet with 0.05% and 0.1% of Neem. Parameters evaluated were zootechnical performance, feed digestibility, intestinal count of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli, and the development of lymphoid organs. Data on the performance and metabolization of nutrients were subjected to an ANOVA and averages were compared with a post-hoc Tukey test considering α=0.05. Data on E. coli counts were analyzed with a Kruskal-Wallis test. Neem did not influence performance variables. The metabolization coefficient of dry matter and feed ethereal extract was better with tylosin (P<0.05). No growth of Salmonella was observed during the experiment. The use of Neem did not reduce E. coli population and had no influence on lymphoid organs' weight. Therefore, Neem had no effect on the performance, digestibility and intestinal microbiota of birds up to 21 days old.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1089-6891v20e-52588 2064 downloads

Prevalence evaluation and classification of bifid mandibular canals in CBCT exams in different facial types
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FREITAS, George Borja de

; FREITAS e SILVA, Alessandra de

; MANHÃES JÚNIOR, Luiz Roberto Coutinho

; JUNQUEIRA, José Luiz Cintra

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP

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mar 2018, Volume 47 N. 2 Pages 85 - 91

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo O presente trabalho objetiva verificar a prevalência e classificação das alterações do canal da mandíbula por meio de exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico nos diferentes tipos faciais. O trabalho foi submetido e aprovado ao comitê de ética e pesquisa através do parecer n˚ 2.065.839. Material e método A amostra foi composta por 90 tomografias, divididas em três grupos de acordo com os tipos faciais, braquicefálico, dólicocefálico e mesocefálico. Todas as imagens foram obtidas no banco de dados da Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas-SP. Resultado Dos 90 pacientes pesquisados, 23 apresentaram os canais da mandíbula bífidos, ou seja, 25,6% da amostra total. Desses, 60,9% pertenciam ao sexo masculino e 39,1% ao sexo feminino. Em 39,1% o direcionamento era para região retromolar (classe D), enquanto em 21,7%, a trajetória era no sentido alveolar ou superior (classe C). Com menor proporção, 13,1% foi constatada a classificação C-E. Para as demais classificações encontradas (A, E, F e A-E), as frequências foram na faixa de 8,7% a 4,3%. Em nenhum dos 23 casos de bifurcação do canal da mandíbula foi encontrada classificação (B), ou seja, em direção mesial. Conclusão De acordo com os resultados obtidos nesse estudo, encontrou-se uma prevalência de 25,6% de canais da mandíbula bífidos, o tipo de canal bífido mais prevalente foi classe D para região retromolar e a maior ocorrência dos canais mandibulares bífidos foi unilateral esquerda. Quando avaliada a ocorrência dos canais da mandíbula bífidos em relação aos tipos faciais, os pacientes braquifaciais foram os mais acometidos.

Abstract Objetive The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence and classification of mandibular canal alterations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in different facial types. This research was submitted and approved by the research ethics committee, registration number 2.065.839. Material and method The sample consisted of 90 CBCTs from the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School database (Campinas-SP), divided into three groups according to brachycephalic, dolichocephalic and mesocephalic facial types. Result Of the 90 patients, 23 presented bifid mandible canals (25.6%), of which 60.9% were in males and 39.1% in females. In 39.1%, the canal bifurcation occurred towards the retromolar region (class D), 21.7% had a trajectory to an alveolar or upper direction (class C) and 13.1% were classified as C-E. For the remaining classifications (A, E, F and A-E), the frequencies were in the range of 8.7% to 4.3%. None of the 23 cases of mandibular canal bifurcation was classified as B (mesial direction). Conclusion According to the results obtained from this study, the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals was found to be 25.6%, with class D being the most prevalent for the retromolar region and the highest occurrence was unilaterally on the left side. When evaluating the occurrence of bifid mandibular canals in relation to facial types, brachycephalic patients were the most affected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.10617 982 downloads

10.

Ventilatory frequency and anesthetic efficacy in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen: a comparative approach between different essential oils
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Becker, Alessandra Janaína

; Fogliarini, Carine de Oliveira

; Souza, Carine de Freitas

; Becker, Alexssandro Geferson

; Mourão, Rosa Helena Veras

; Silva, Lenise Vargas Flôres da

; Baldisserotto, Bernardo

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2018, Volume 47 elocation e20170185

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study investigated the efficacy of essential oils of Lippia alba (EOLA) citral chemotype and Lippia origanoides (EOLO) and their effects on ventilatory frequency (VF) of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen. Fish were exposed to 50-300 μL L−1 of EOLA and 25-300 μL L−1 of EOLO to determine induction times to sedation, anesthesia, and recovery. Moreover, VF was determined in fish exposed to 5 or 10 μL L−1 of EOLA and of EOLO for 8 h. The increasing concentration of essential oils proportionally decreased sedation and anesthesia induction times. The highest EOLA concentration increased VF of fish from the control group at 1 h of exposure, but VF decreased at both EOLO concentrations after 2 h. The EOLA citral chemotype and EOLO were effective sedatives and anesthetics for silver catfish. However, EOLO was the most suitable sedative for additional studies regarding fish transport as it reduced VF and did not induce VF increase in silver catfish. The EOLA citral chemotype and EOLO are effective sedatives and anesthetics for silver catfish. Moreover, the EOLO is recommended for transport of silver catfish, because it maintains the ventilatory frequency constant, avoiding a possible metabolic stress.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170185 987 downloads

11.

The prevalence of mandibular retromolar canals on cone beam computed tomography and its clinical repercussions
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FREITAS, George Borja de

; FREITAS E SILVA, Alessandra de

; MANHÃES JÚNIOR, Luiz Roberto Coutinho

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP

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jun 2017, Volume 46 N. 3 Pages 158 - 163

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução O conhecimento da morfologia normal da mandíbula humana e suas possíveis variações anatômicas, que ocorrem, são de fundamental importância na prática odontológica, especialmente nas áreas da cirurgia e implantodontia. A região retromolar é delimitada pela margem anterior do ramo da mandibular, crista temporal e face distal do último molar inferior. Nessa área pode ser observado o canal retromolar que pode emergir pelo forame retromolar. Objetivo O presente estudo objetiva avaliar a ocorrência de canais retromolares em exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e relaciona-la com suas possíveis repercussões clínicas. Material e método Foram selecionadas 300 imagens de TCFC provenientes do Departamento de Radiologia da Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic. O presente estudo foi do tipo observacional descritivo e todas as imagens foram processadas e trabalhadas no software XoranCat® do próprio equipamento. Resultado Dos 300 exames de TCFC analisados, os canais mandibulares eram únicos em 210 (70,0%). Nos demais 90 casos constatou-se a presença alterações anatômicas no canal mandibular, indicando que a taxa de prevalência dessa condição na amostra foi de 30,0%. A ocorrência dos canais retromolares foi observada em 15 pacientes da amostra total (5,0%), sendo 06 pacientes do gênero masculino e 09 pacientes do gênero feminino. Conclusão Ratifica-se a importância de um minucioso conhecimento da região retromolar devido a grande prevalência de cirurgias realizadas na região posterior da mandíbula, a fim de ter previsibilidade nos planejamentos e consequentemente otimizar os procedimentos anestésicos e cirúrgicos realizados, minimizando as falhas anestésicas e os acidentes cirúrgicos.

Abstract Introduction Knowledge on the normal morphology of the human mandible and its possible anatomical variations are of fundamental importance in dental practice, especially in the areas of surgery and implantodontics. The retromolar region is delimited by the anterior margin of the ramus of the mandible, the temporal crest and the distal surface of the last lower molar. In this area, a retromolar canal may be observed emerging through the retromolar foramen. Objective This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of retromolar canals in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to correlate it with their possible clinical repercussions. Material and method 300 CBCT images were selected from the Department of Radiology of the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School. This was an observational descriptive study and all the images were processed and analyzed on XoranCat®. Result Of the 300 CFCT scans analyzed, a single mandibular canal was observed in 210 (70.0%). In the remaining 90 cases, anatomical changes were observed relating to this canal, indicating that the prevalence of this condition in this sample was 30%. The prevalence of retromolar canals was observed in 15 patients (5.0%), of which 06 were in males and 09 in females. Conclusion The importance of a full knowledge on the anatomy of the retromolar region is herein reiterated due to the high prevalence of surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible, which could optimize predictability at treatment planning as well as anesthetic and surgical outcomes, thus minimizing anesthetic failures and surgical accidents.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.00117 1945 downloads

12.

Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi/HIV coinfection in southern Brazil
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Stauffert, Dulce

; Silveira, Mariangela Freitas da

; Mesenburg, Marília Arndt

; Manta, Adriane Brod

; Dutra, Alessandra da Silva

; Bicca, Guilherme Lucas de Oliveira

; Villela, Marcos Marreiro

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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mar 2017, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 180 - 184

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Chagas disease reactivation has been a defining condition for acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Brazil for individuals coinfected with Trypanosoma cruzi and HIV since 2004. Although the first coinfection case was reported in the 1980s, its prevalence has not been firmly established. In order to know coinfection prevalence, a cross-sectional study of 200 HIV patients was performed between January and July 2013 in the city of Pelotas, in southern Rio Grande do Sul, an endemic area for Chagas disease. Ten subjects were found positive for T. cruzi infection by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence. The survey showed 5% coinfection prevalence among HIV patients (95% CI: 2.0–8.0), which was 3.8 times as high as that estimated by the Ministry of Health of Brazil. Six individuals had a viral load higher than 100,000 copies per µL, a statistically significant difference for T. cruzi presence. These findings highlight the importance of screening HIV patients from Chagas disease endemic areas.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2016.10.006 1050 downloads

13.

Personal characteristics of coffee consumers and non-consumers, reasons and preferences for foods eaten with coffee among adults from the Federal District, Brazil
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SOUSA, Alessandra Gaspar

; MACHADO, Liliane Maria Messias

; SILVA, Eduardo Freitas da

; COSTA, Teresa Helena Macedo da

Food Science and Technology

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sep 2016, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 432 - 438

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of consumers and non-consumers, the reasons and foods associated with coffee intake among adults from the Federal District, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional population-based survey conducted by telephone interview (n= 1,368). We collected information on detailed coffee intake, socio-demographic aspects and personal characteristics. The coffee had an average daily intake of 319 mL. Individuals were more likely to drink coffee at an older age (68%) and with higher body mass index (58%). The most cited reason for consuming coffee was the “personal pleasure” (48%), followed by “habit / tradition” of consuming coffee. Among non-consumers of this beverage, the main reason was not liking the taste and / or aroma of coffee (62%). The method of coffee preparation used was by infusion (86%) and sugar was the main sweetener used by 83% of consumers. The majority of consumers (59%) reported consuming coffee with certain foods such as bakery products. The results from our study may suggest that the popularity of coffee can be attributed to its taste, personal pleasure and habit, and the consumption is more likely to occur with the advance of age and with intake of other foods.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.10015 10009 downloads

14.

GLICERINA BRUTA NAS RAÇÕES PARA LEITÕES NA FASE DE CRECHE
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Rocha, Laudiceia Oliveira da

; Silva, Juliana Luis e

; Rodrigues, Claudia Paula de Freitas

; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez

; Nunes, Romao da Cunha

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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mar 2016, Volume 17 N. 1 Pages 51 - 59

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de glicerina bruta para leitões na fase de creche. No ensaio de desempenho, foram usados 80 animais machos, castrados, com peso inicial de 6,64 ± 0,8 kg. O delineamento foi de blocos ao acaso e os tratamentos consistiram em 0%; 2%; 4% e 6% de glicerina bruta. Houve efeito quadrático para peso final, ganho médio diário e consumo de ração, a máxima inclusão de glicerina bruta foi de 2,77% para maior consumo diário. Para o GMD, o nível de 2,76% de glicerina bruta possibilitou o melhor ganho e peso final; contudo, sem efeito na conversão alimentar. Houve diferença sobre a incidência de diarréia (p=0,014), quando se incluiu 2% de glicerina bruta na dieta. Houve efeito linear decrescente na porcentagem do TGI (p=0,006), intestino delgado (p=0,038), rins (p=0,089) e fígado (p=0,037) dos leitões que não receberam glicerina bruta na ração. Observou-se efeito quadrático no peso relativo do baço e do pâncreas dos leitões, o nível de 2,73% de glicerina bruta resulta em menor peso de pâncreas e 3,04% de glicerina aumentou o peso do baço. O nível de 2,76% de glicerina bruta promove o maior ganho de peso para leitões na fase de creche.

Abstract This study evaluated the inclusion of crude glycerin for piglets in the starter phase. In the performance assay, we used 80 barrows, with initial weight of 6.64 ± 0.8 kg. The experimental design was of randomized blocks and the treatments consisted in 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of crude glycerin. There was a quadratic effect on final weight, average daily gain and feed intake, the maximum inclusion of crude glycerin was of 2.77%, for higher daily intake. For the ADG, the level of 2.76% of crude glycerin allowed the best gain and final weight, despite any effect on food conversion. There was a significant effect on the incidence of diarrhea (p=0.014) when 2% of crude glycerin was included in the diet. There was a linear decreasing effect on the percentage of GIT (p=0,006), small intestine (p=0,038), kidneys (p=0,089) and liver (p=0,037) of piglets that did not have glycerin in the diet. We observed a quadratic effect on the relative weight of the spleen and pancreas of piglets, the level of 2.73% of crude glycerin resulted in lower pancreas weight, and 3.04% of glycerin increased spleen weight. The level of 2.76% of crude glycerin promotes the highest weight gain for piglets in the nursery phase.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1089-6891v17i126479 1560 downloads

15.

Incidence and classification of bifid mandibular canals using cone beam computed tomography
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Freitas, George Borja de

; Silva, Alessandra de Freitas e

; Morais, Lucas Alexandre

; Silva, Milena Bortolotto Felippe

; Silva, Thiago Coelho Gomes da

; Manhães Júnior, Luiz Roberto Coutinho

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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dec 2015, Volume 14 N. 4 Pages 294 - 298

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aim: To determine the prevalence and classification of bifid mandibular canals using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: The sample comprised 300 CBCT scans obtained from the Radiology and Imaging Department database at São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil. All images were performed on Classic I-Cat(r) CBCT scanner, with standardized voxel at 0.25 mm and 13 cm FOV (field of view). From an axial slice (0.25 mm) a guiding plane was drawn along the alveolar ridge in order to obtain a cross-section. Results: Among 300 patients, 188 (62.7%) were female and 112 (37.3%) were male, aged between 13 to 87 years. Changes in the mandibular canal were observed in 90 patients, 30.0% of the sample, 51 women (56.7%) and 39 men (43.3%). Regarding affected sides, 32.2% were on the right and 24.5% on the left, with 43.3% bilateral cases. Conclusions: According to the results obtained in this study, a prevalence of 30% of bifid mandibular canals was found, with the most prevalent types classified as B (mesial direction) and bilateral.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-3225v14n4a08 1900 downloads

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