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RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar genótipos de M. synoviae circulantes em poedeiras comerciais, na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Para estabelecer a relação evolutiva entre as cepas de MS, foi analisada a sequência genética do gene vlhA de 11 cepas de MS identificadas no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo, de 10 outras cepas de MS identificadas no Brasil e cujas sequências foram depositadas no banco de dados GenBank, e da cepa vacinal MSH. O método da máxima verossimilhança e o modelo de Kimura com dois parâmetros foram utilizados para comparar as cepas. As sequências obtidas foram depositadas no Genbank, sob os números de acesso OP279775 a OP279785. Foi possível verificar a presença de diferentes cepas circulantes no Brasil, com alta similaridade entre as cepas do Rio de Janeiro pela análise do gene vlhA. As duas cepas paulistas detectadas no presente estudo possuem o baixo percentual (68%) de similaridade, demonstrando a variabilidade das cepas dessa localidade.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12950

Decomposição espacial do crescimento da Produtividade Total dos Fatores (PTF) da agropecuária brasileira
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Felema, João

; Spolador, Humberto Francisco Silva

Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural

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mar 2023, Volume 61 N. 3 elocation e260708

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Nesse trabalho foi realizada uma decomposição espacial do crescimento da Produtividade Total dos Fatores (PTF) do setor agropecuário brasileiro, incluindo componentes diretos (próprios) e indiretos (spillover), no contexto de uma análise de fronteira de produção espacial autorregressiva (SAR) para dados em painel, utilizando os dados censitários de 1995/96, 2006 e 2017 a partir de unidades produtivas referentes a 510 Regiões Geográficas Imediatas (RGI). Os resultados obtidos mostram que o crescimento da PTF foi de 3,87% a.a. na média do período completo, considerando-se apenas os efeitos diretos, e de 6,96% a.a., considerando-se os efeitos totais. Constatou-se também um maior crescimento da PTF no período mais recente e isso está relacionado à expansão da fronteira agrícola para as regiões com baixa produtividade anteriormente. Variáveis como financiamento da agricultura e pecuária, aptidão agrícola, malha rodoviária, plantio direto, correção de solo, escolaridade superior e assistência técnica, mostraram-se estatisticamente significativas na determinação da PTF. Os resultados sugerem que o crescimento da PTF é correlacionado espacialmente e temporalmente, e que spillovers espaciais e seus efeitos locais e globais impactaram a PTF nos três períodos censitários analisados.

Abstract: The main objective of this research was to implement a spatial decomposition of Brazilian agriculture Total Factor Productivity (TFP), which includes direct (own) and indirect (spillover) components, in the context of an autoregressive spatial production (SAR) frontier analysis for a panel data for the censuses years 1995/96, 2006 and 2017, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The SAR boundary is estimated using maximum likelihood methods considering the endogenous spatial lag term. An empirical analysis was conducted using data referent to 510 immediate geographic regions (IGR) as references for the production units. The results demonstrate that the TFP growth was 3.87% per year on average, considering the entire period. The variables rural credit, agricultural suitability, highway road, no-till, soil correction, higher education and technical assistance, were statistically significant to determine the TFP growth. The results suggest that the TFP growth is spatially and temporally correlated, and the inclusion of spatial spillover and its local and global effects influenced TFP in the censuses periods analyzed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9479.2022.260708

Emotional, hyperactivity and inattention problems in adolescents with immunocompromising chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Campos, Reinan T.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sousa, Renan A. de

; Helito, Alberto C.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Strabelli, Claudia A.A.

; Paradelas, Levi M.V.

; Carneiro, Beatriz O.L.

; Cardoso, Maria Paula R.

; Souza, Jean Paulo V. de

; Freire, Marianna R. de M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sallum, Adriana M.E.

; Ferreira, Juliana CO.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Viana, Vivianne S.L.

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia M.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100167

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100167

Use of smartphone messaging applications to increase diagnostic efficiency in veterinary diagnostic laboratories
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Lemos, Ricardo A.A.

; Guizelini, Carolina C.

; Silva, Thaísa X.

; Souza, Larissa L.

; Fonseca, Helena C.F.

; Bonato, Gisele C.

; Gomes, Danilo C.

; Pupin, Rayane C.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07226

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Many inconclusive diagnoses have been reported in studies carried out in veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). These inconclusive diagnoses are often associated with field veterinarians sending tissue samples and carcasses for histopathological examination. The use of social media in care has the potential as a tool for improvements in animal health. We evaluated the improvement in the rate of conclusive diagnoses in the VDL when using a messaging application for smartphones as a guidance tool for field veterinarians to refer animals and sample tissues for necropsy and histopathology. Veterinarians contacted the VDL team via a messaging app and forwarded videos, images, and clinical-epidemiological history. Based on this information, guidelines were created in real-time for contacting professionals about methods for collecting samples during necropsy and making diagnoses and scheduling visits to properties. The data obtained showed that smartphone messaging applications could be useful tools to expand the performance of VDLs and improve their diagnostic efficiency, especially when sending samples of animals that died is impossible due to certain sanitary conditions.

RESUMO: Muitos diagnósticos inconclusivos têm sido relatados em estudos realizados em laboratórios de diagnóstico veterinário (LDVs). Esses diagnósticos inconclusivos são frequentemente associados a veterinários de campo que enviam amostras de tecidos e carcaças para exame histopatológico. O uso das mídias sociais com cuidado tem potencial como ferramenta para melhorias na saúde animal. Avaliamos a melhora na taxa de diagnósticos conclusivos no LDV ao utilizar um aplicativo de mensagens para smartphones como ferramenta de orientação para veterinários de campo encaminharem animais e amostras de tecidos para necropsia e histopatologia. Os veterinários entraram em contato com a equipe do L por meio de um aplicativo de mensagens e encaminharam vídeos, imagens e histórico clínico-epidemiológico. Com base nessas informações, foram criadas orientações em tempo real para contato dos profissionais sobre métodos de coleta de amostras durante a necropsia e realização de diagnósticos, além do agendamento de visitas às propriedades. Os dados obtidos mostraram que os aplicativos de mensagens para smartphones podem ser ferramentas úteis para ampliar o desempenho dos VDLs e melhorar sua eficiência diagnóstica, principalmente quando o envio de amostras de animais que morreram é impossível devido a determinadas condições sanitárias.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7226

P2X7 receptor antagonist improves gastrointestinal disorders in spontaneously hypertensive rats
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Oliveira, K.B.V. de

; Severo, J.S.

; Silva, A.C.A. da

; Santos, B.L.B. dos

; Mendes, P.H.M.

; Sabino, J.P.J.

; Filho, A.L.M.M.

; Correia-de-Sá, P.

; Santos, A.A. dos

; Silva, M.T.B. da

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12569

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The purinergic system participates in the control of blood pressure. Hypertension promotes the occurrence of gastrointestinal disorders such as intestinal inflammation and gastric emptying delay. This study aimed i) to investigate the participation of the P2X7 receptor blocker Brilliant Blue G (BBG) on gastric emptying of solids and changes in oxidative stress in the gastric fundus, duodenum, and colon of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and ii) to study the putative relationship of this effect with the renin-angiotensin system. Rats were divided into five groups: Control, SHR, SHR+BBG, SHR+BBG+ATP, and SHR+BBG+ANG II. In the gastrointestinal tract, we assessed gastric emptying (GE) and oxidative stress markers (NOx, MPO, GSH, SOD). We observed a decrease in the GE rate (P<0.05) in SHR vs control rats (21.8±2.0% vs 42.8±3.5%). The decrease in GE was returned (P<0.05) to control levels by BBG in SHR rats (21.8±2.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). Co-administration of ATP or ANG II together with BBG bypassed the effect of the P2X7 antagonist on GE in SHR (P<0.05) (21.9±5.0% vs 25.6±3.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). The MPO activity increased (P<0.05) in the gastric fundus of SHR compared to control rats (6.12±2.26 vs 0.077±0.02 UMPO/mg tissue); this effect was prevented (P<0.05) by BBG (0.55±0.15 vs 6.12±2.26 UMPO/mg tissue). Data demonstrated that blockage of P2X7 receptors with BBG can improve the GE delay and oxidative stress biomarkers in SHR animals. This preventive effect of BBG on GE delay was abrogated by ANG II and ATP, thus prompting crosstalk between renin-angiotensin and the purinergic signaling systems underlying this phenomenon.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12569

In vitro effects of lapachol and β-lapachone against Leishmania amazonensis
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Ramos-Milaré, Á.C.F.H.

; Sydor, B.G.

; Brustolin, A.Á.

; Lera-Nonose, D.S.S.L.

; Oyama, J.

; Silva, E.L.

; Caetano, W.

; Campanholi, K.S.S.

; Demarchi, I.G.

; Silveira, T.G.V.

; Lonardoni, M.V.C.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12693

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people worldwide, and special attention should be given to treatment because the available drugs have limitations, which can lead to low therapeutic adherence and parasitic resistance. This study evaluated the activity of the bioactive naphthoquinones, lapachol and β-lapachone, against Leishmania amazonensis. The cell alterations were evaluated in vitro on promastigote and amastigote forms. The lethal dose (LD50) at 24, 48, and 72 h on the promastigote's forms using lapachol was 75.60, 72.82, and 58.85 μg/mL and for β-lapachone was 0.65, 1.24, and 0.71 μg/mL, respectively. The naphthoquinones significantly inhibited the survival rate of L. amazonensis amastigotes at 83.11, 57.59, and 34.95% for lapachol (82.28, 41.14, and 20.57 µg/mL), and 78.49, 83.25, and 80.22% for β-lapachone (3.26, 1.63, and 0.815 µg/mL). The compounds on the promastigote's forms led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced changes in the integrity of the membrane, caused damage to cells suggestive of the apoptotic process, and showed inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 production. The results showed that these naphthoquinones are promising candidates for research on new drugs with anti-Leishmania activity derived from natural products.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12693

Biomass and carbon balance in a dry tropical forest area in northeast Brazil
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SALAMI, GABRIELA

; FERREIRA, RINALDO L.C.

; FREIRE, FERNANDO J.

; SILVA, JOSÉ A.A.

; PESSOA, MAYARA M.L.

; SILVA, ANDERSON F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20191250

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Forest ecosystems play an important role in mitigating the concentration increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere through carbon sequestration by plants and its storage in biomass and soil. The objective was to determine the aerial biomass carbon stock in a dry tropical forest in Brazil. It was developed between 2012 to 2015, in an area with an advanced regeneration stage (50 years) in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco and it was used 40 permanent plots (400 m²) distant 80 m apart, with 50 m from the border, totaling 1.6 ha of the area to sample the shrubby-arboreal component, where all individuals with circumference at breast height (1.30 m of the soil) equal or greater than 6 cm were identified, measured and labeled in 2012 and remeasured in 2015. It was calculated the biomass and carbon stocks through developed equations available in the literature. The results showed that the total biomass and carbon stock in the first year was 27.97 e 12.92 Mg.ha-1 while in 2015 it was 18.49 and 8.39 Mg.ha-1 respectively. The results showed a biomass and carbon stock reduction of more than 30% in the period evaluated, even this, the area manages to present values within the expected pattern for the region, assuring the importance of sustainable forest management of these native/natural vegetation areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191250

Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis ‒ Brazilian Society of Dermatology: an update on phototherapy and systemic therapy using e-Delphi technique
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Orfali, Raquel Leao

; Lorenzini, Daniel

; Bressan, Aline

; Tanaka, Anber Ancel

; Cerqueira, Ana Maria Mósca de

; Hirayama, André da Silva

; Ramos, Andréa Machado Coelho

; Proença, Carolina Contin

; Silva, Claudia Marcia de Resende

; Laczynski, Cristina Marta Maria

; Carneiro, Francisca Regina

; Duarte, Gleison

; Hans Filho, Gunter

; Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá

; Melo, Ligia Pessoa de

; Azulay-Abulafia, Luna

; Weber, Magda Blessmann

; Rivitti-Machado, Maria Cecília

; Zaniboni, Mariana Colombini

; Ogawa, Marília

; Pires, Mario Cezar

; Ianhez, Mayra

; Felix, Paulo Antonio Oldani

; Bonamigo, Renan

; Takaoka, Roberto

; Lazzarini, Rosana

; Cestari, Silmara

; Mayor, Silvia Assumpção Soutto

; Cestari, Tania

; Oliveira, Zilda Najjar Prado de

; Spuls, Phyllis I.

; Gerbens, Louise A.A.

; Aoki, Valeria

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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2023, Volume 98 N. 6 Pages 814 - 836

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This publication is an update of the “Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology” published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.003

Experimental Characterization of Hydrogen Trapping on API 5CT P110 Steel. Part. I: Effect on Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility CT P P11 Steel Part I P1
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Carrasco, J.A.P.

; Junior, J.S.

; Barbosa, J.M.A.

; Vilar, E.O.

; Santos, M.A. dos

; Silva, A.A.

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e20230118

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Hydrogen permeation tests and tensile mechanical tests were performed at room temperature on API 5CT P110 steel to characterize hydrogen trapping and to evaluate their hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility. The hydrogen trap density was calculated from two consecutive hydrogen permeation transients plotted using an electrochemical cell. Slow strain rate tensile tests on hydrogen-charged samples through cathodic polarization at different potentials were performed to evaluate the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility. Thereby it was established the lowest potential that characterizes the onset of the cathodic overprotection for studied steel. After mechanical tests was observed a decrease in ductility as the protection potential became more negative and that the fracture mode was changed from ductile microvoid coalescence on the as-received steel to extended quasi-cleavage on the hydrogen-charged steel. The results showed that API 5CT P110 steel has high susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement conditioned by a predominance of reversible traps in microstructure and by high hydrogen solubility. CT P P11 cell hydrogencharged charged asreceived received quasicleavage quasi cleavage solubility P1

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0118

10.

[SciELO Preprints] - Spatial dependence in Brazilian agriculture and its effects on production and land's and labor’s productivities
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Felema, João Spolador, Humberto Francisco Silva

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Publication date: 2022-12-30

Abstract: En Pt

The objective of this research was to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of agricultural production, and the net productivity of labor and land in Brazilian agriculture for the 1995/1996, 2006 and 2017 census periods. The results demonstrate that the value of agricultural production raised 3.65% a.a. throughout the censuses period, while land and labor productivities increased 2.55% and 3.42% a.a. respectively. The total effects observed was divided into direct and indirect, in other words, it was verified the presence of feedback effects. Therefore, in addition to the inputs that explain the growth on production and productivity, the effects of spatial dependence among the Immediate Geographic Regions are also relevant. The conclusion is the productivity growth in Brazilian agriculture in the RGI mantains a spatial dependence with its neighborhoods in the short and long term.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a evolução espacial e temporal da produção agropecuária e das produtividades líquidas do trabalho e da terra na agropecuária brasileira para os períodos censitários de 1995/1996, 2006 e 2017. Os resultados mostram que o valor da produção agropecuária cresceu 3,65% a.a. entre 1995/1996-2017, e esse aumento acompanhou o crescimento da produtividade da terra e do trabalho, que variaram entre 2,55% e 3,42% a.a. respectivamente, ainda que regionalmente de forma desigual. Quanto aos resultados dos impactos das variáveis explicativas sobre a produção, a magnitude dos efeitos totais observados dividiu-se em diretos e indiretos, com a presença de efeitos de realimentação (feedback). Portanto, além de os insumos explicarem o crescimento, os efeitos de dependência espacial entre as Regiões Geográficas Imediatas (RGIs) também apresentaram impactos significativos. Conclui-se, portanto, que o crescimento da produtividade na agropecuária brasileira nas RGIs guardou estreita relação com suas vizinhanças no curto e no longo prazo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/7145

11.

Dependência espacial na agropecuária brasileira e seus efeitos sobre a produção e a produtividade da terra e do trabalho
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Felema, João

; Spolador, Humberto Francisco Silva

Nova Economia

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sep 2022, Volume 32 N. 3 Pages 743 - 774

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this research was to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of agricultural production, and the net productivity of labor and land in Brazilian agriculture for the 1995/1996, 2006 and 2017 census periods. The results demonstrate that the value of agricultural production raised 3.65% a.a. throughout the censuses period, while land and labor productivities increased 2.55% and 3.42% a.a. respectively. The total effects observed was divided into direct and indirect, in other words, it was verified the presence of feedback effects. Therefore, in addition to the inputs that explain the growth on production and productivity, the effects of spatial dependence among the Immediate Geographic Regions are also relevant. The conclusion is the productivity growth in Brazilian agriculture in the RGI mantains a spatial dependence with its neighborhoods in the short and long term.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a evolução espacial e temporal da produção agropecuária e das produtividades líquidas do trabalho e da terra na agropecuária brasileira para os períodos censitários de 1995/1996, 2006 e 2017. Os resultados mostram que o valor da produção agropecuária cresceu 3,65% a.a. entre 1995/1996-2017, e esse aumento acompanhou o crescimento da produtividade da terra e do trabalho, que variaram entre 2,55% e 3,42% a.a. respectivamente, ainda que regionalmente de forma desigual. Quanto aos resultados dos impactos das variáveis explicativas sobre a produção, a magnitude dos efeitos totais observados dividiu-se em diretos e indiretos, com a presença de efeitos de realimentação (feedback). Portanto, além de os insumos explicarem o crescimento, os efeitos de dependência espacial entre as Regiões Geográficas Imediatas (RGIs) também apresentaram impactos significativos. Conclui-se, portanto, que o crescimento da produtividade na agropecuária brasileira nas RGIs guardou estreita relação com suas vizinhanças no curto e no longo prazo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/7145

12.

Behavioral and structural changes in the hippocampus of wistar epileptic rats are minimized by acupuncture associated or not with phenobarbital
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Silva, T.C.C.

; Silva, A.A. N.

; Serafim, Y.K.V.

; Silva Júnior, V.A.

; Lima, E.R.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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jun 2022, Volume 74 N. 3 Pages 399 - 411

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento e as alterações histopatológicas no hipocampo de ratos Wistar epilépticos tratados com acupuntura associada ou não a fenobarbital. O experimento utilizou 44 ratos machos, com 90 dias de nascimento, induzidos ao status epileticus com cloridrato de pilocarpina, em dose única de 350mg/kg, separados em grupos de tratamento e submetidos por cinco minutos ao teste de labirinto em cruz elevado. O grupo 1 recebeu, por via oral, 0,2mL de solução salina; o grupo 2 foi tratado com acupuntura nos pontos yintang, baihui, shishencong, jizhong, naohu, thianzu; o grupo 3 recebeu, por via oral, fenobarbital, dose diária de 20mg/kg; o grupo 4 foi tratado com associação acupuntura e fenobarbital por via oral; o grupo 5 recebeu agulhamento aleatório. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os grupos 2 (acupuntura) e 4 (acupuntura e fenobarbital) apresentaram diminuição da ansiedade, das crises epilépticas e da morte neuronal nas áreas CA1, CA3 do hipocampo quando comparados aos animais dos grupos 1, 3 e 5. Conclui-se que a associação do fenobarbital e dos pontos de acupuntura utilizados no experimento permitiu o controle das crises epilépticas, a redução da ansiedade e a diminuição das lesões nas subáreas do hipocampo.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior and histopathological changes in the hippocampus of epileptic Wistar rats treated with acupuncture associated or not with phenobarbital. The experiment used 44 male rats with 90 days of birth, induced to status epileptics with pilocarpine hydrochloride in a single dose of 350mg/kg, separated into treatment groups and submitted for 5 minutes to the elevated plus-maze test. Group 1 received 0.2mL of saline solution orally; Group 2 treated with acupuncture at the yintang, baihui, shishencong, jizhong, naohu, thianzu points; Group 3 received orally phenobarbital, daily dose of 20mg/kg; Group 4 treated with an association of acupuncture and oral phenobarbital; Group 5 random needling. The results obtained showed that Groups 2 (acupuncture) and 4 (acupuncture and phenobarbital) presented decreased anxiety, epileptic seizures, and neuronal death in the CA1, CA3 areas of the hippocampus when compared to animals in groups 1, 3 and 5. It is concluded that the association of phenobarbital and acupuncture points used in the experiment allowed for the control of epileptic seizures, reduction of anxiety and reduction of lesions in the subareas of the hippocampus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12391

13.

Physical activity reduces intradermal bacterial load in a murine model submitted to forced swim training – a pilot study
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GALANTINI, MARIA P.L.

; LEAL, LORENA S.

; RODRIGUES, KARINE B.

; RIBEIRO, ISRAEL S.

; PEREIRA, ITALO S.

; GONÇALVES, CAROLINE V.

; CALADO, STÉFANO P.M.

; SANTOS, DENISAR P. DOS

; MUNIZ, IGOR P.R.

; SILVA, ROBSON A.A. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 2 elocation e20200561

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Regular exercise is beneficial to health. This study evaluated the effects of moderate and intense physical exercise modalities on intradermal infection by Staphylococcus aureus in a murine model. Mice that practiced moderate exercise had lower bacterial load on lymph nodes and less inflammatory infiltrate in dermis. They presented greater weight, however, less amount of epididymal fat: the weight was increased while they had fat diminished. A positive correlation was observed between lipid content and bacterial load in mice trained at moderate intensity. Animals that were under high intensity exercises presented superior bacterial load on the lymph nodes, increased neutrophil count and circulating lymphocytes, and had leukocyte recruitment to the dermis augmented, when compared to the ones in moderate exercise. These findings suggest that moderate physical activity modulates the immune response in dermal infection caused by S. aureus in a murine model.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200561

14.

Nephroprotective effect of exercise training in cisplatin-induced renal damage in mice: influence of training protocol
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Almeida, A.A.

; Correia, T.M.L.

; Pires, R.A.

; Silva, D.A. da

; Coqueiro, R.S.

; Machado, M.

; Magalhães, A.C.M. de

; Queiroz, R.F.

; Soares, T.J.

; Pereira, R.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e12116

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent, but its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity caused by the oxidative stress in tubular epithelium of nephrons. On the other hand, regular exercise provides beneficial adaptations in different tissues and organs. As with many drugs, dosing is extremely important to get the beneficial effects of exercise. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of exercise intensity and frequency on cisplatin-induced (20 mg/kg) renal damage in mice. Forty male Swiss mice were divided into five experimental groups (n=8 per group): 1) sedentary; 2) low-intensity forced swimming, three times per week; 3) high-intensity forced swimming, three times per week; 4) low-intensity forced swimming, five times per week; and 5) high-intensity forced swimming, five times per week. Body composition, renal structure, functional indicators (plasma urea), lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, expression of genes related to antioxidant defense, and inflammatory and apoptotic pathways were evaluated. Comparisons considered exercise intensity and frequency. High lipid peroxidation was observed in the sedentary group compared with trained mice, regardless of exercise intensity and frequency. Groups that trained three times per week showed more benefits, as reduced tubular necrosis, plasma urea, expression of CASP3 and Rela (NFkB subunit-p65) genes, and increased total glutathione peroxidase activity. No significant difference in Nfe2l2 (Nrf2) gene expression was observed between groups. Eight weeks of regular exercise training promoted nephroprotection against cisplatin-mediated oxidative injury. Exercise frequency was critical for nephroprotection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2022e12116

15.

Excess adiposity and low physical fitness hamper Supine-to-Stand test performance among sedentary adolescents
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Tadiotto, Maiara C.

; Duncan, Michael

; Mota, Jorge

; Moraes-Junior, Frederico B.

; Corazza, Patricia R.P.

; Czoczuk, Matheus

; Menezes-Junior, Francisco J. de

; Tozo, Tatiana A.A.

; Coelho-e-Silva, Manuel J.

; Rodacki, André L.F.

; Leite, Neiva

Jornal de Pediatria

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dec 2021, Volume 97 N. 6 Pages 658 - 664

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between body adiposity and physical fitness with performance in the Supine-to-Stand test (STS-test) in sedentary adolescents. Methods: Sixty-two adolescents, of both sexes, between 10 and 16 years old, participated in the study. Body mass (BM), height, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), right and left handgrip strength (HGS-right, HGS-left), abdominal resistance (ABDO), flexibility (FLEX), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), z-score BMI (BMI-z), tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. The STS-test was applied to evaluate the STS-MC by the movement patterns in the execution of the test. The STS-time in seconds (s) was categorized into terciles: fast (FG < 2.0 s), intermediate (IG = 2.0-2.6 s) and slow (SG > 2.6 s). One-way ANOVA, Chi-square, Spearman’s correlation coefficient as well as non-parametric tests were used, with significance p 0.05. Results: The SG presented higher BMI, BMI-z, TMI, WHtR, FM, %FM, as well as lower averages for %FFM, HGS-right, HGS-left, FLEX, ABDO, VO2peak, VO2peak relative to BM (VO2peakBM) in relation to GF. The BMI, BMI-z, TMI, WC, WHtR and FM showed moderate and direct correlations with STS-time and inverse with STS-MC (p < 0.01). HGS-right, HGS-left, ABDO, and VO2peakBM showed moderate and an inverse correlation with STS-time (p < 0.05). The VO2peakBM was moderate and with direct correlations to STS-MC (p < 0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that excess fat and low physical fitness hamper STS-test performance. Therefore, the STS-test can be used for screening students to assess MC.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.01.007 1 downloads

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