The study was set up to evaluate the impact of two commercial larvicide formulations, Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis base (Bti) at 15 ppm/1 min and temephos at 0.03 ppm of active ingredient, used to control Simulium pertinax populations, on associated non-target entomofauna occupying the same breeding sites. The experiments were carried out on the Pedra Branca and Muricana rivers, on the slopes of Serra do Mar massif, municipality of Paraty, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Bti was applied to the river Pedra Branca and temephosto theriver Muricana. On both rivers, treatment and control sections were labeled as such, each one with two observation posts: slow moving water and fast water regions respectively. Artificial substrata was used to evaluate the abundance of associated entomofauna. Attached immature stages of arthropods were removed from both of its surfaces fortnightly. Were collected, from the two rivers, 28 477 specimens of the entomofauna associated with S. pertinax. The families Hydropsychidae, Chironomidae, Bactidae, Simuliidae, Blephariceridae and Megapodagrionidae were represented. These was an impact of temephos on the entomofauna associated with S. pertinax only in Simuliidae and Chironomidae, and to Bti only in Simuliidae. However, the reduction in their numbers was not statistically significant.

Chrysomya albiceps specimens were derived from colonies kept under laboratory conditions. The oviposition period, total number of eggs-mass and the weight of the eggs-mass (average/female) presented significant differences between colonies regarding the sexual ratio of 1male/1female (situation I), when compared to the other ratios (1male/3female, situation II), (1male/5female, situation III), (3male/1female, situation IV) and (5 male/1female, situation V). It was ascertained that the increase in the proportion of females, resulted in higher weight and greater number of ovipositions and lenghtening of the period of oviposition, leads to a decrease in their lifespan.

Em dois focos de leishmaniose tegumentar do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil foram levadas a efeito observações destinadas a verificar o comportamento da fauna flebotomínica local. Os resultados evidenciaram a dominância de Psychodopygus intermedius e sua freqüência ao ambiente humano, representado pelo domicílio e peridomicílio. Tais aspectos, aliados aos fatos já conhecidos, permitem apontar essa espécie como transmissora e preconizar a aplicação domiciliar de inseticidas de poder residual como método profilático.

Investigations were made in two foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, on the phlebotominae role regarding the local transmission. Data obtained identified the Psychodopygus intermedius as the species involved in the transmission of the disease. This species was frequently present in human dwellings which allows us to suggest the use of chemical insecticides inside houses as a good prophylactic measure.

Em dois focos de leishmaniose tegumentar do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil foram levadas a efeito observações destinadas a verificar o comportamento da fauna flebotomínica local. Os resultados evidenciaram a dominância de Psychodopygus intermedius e sua freqüência ao ambiente humano, representado pelo domicílio e peridomicílio. Tais aspectos, aliados aos fatos já conhecidos, permitem apontar essa espécie como transmissora e preconizar a aplicação domiciliar de inseticidas de poder residual como método profilático.

Investigations were made in two foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, on the phlebotominae role regarding the local transmission. Data obtained identified the Psychodopygus intermedius as the species involved in the transmission of the disease. This species was frequently present in human dwellings which allows us to suggest the use of chemical insecticides inside houses as a good prophylactic measure.

Relata-se a existência de área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar na região Sul do litoral do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Descrevem-se 17 casos a maioria dos quais foram diagnosticados parasitologicamente. As características observadas permitem supor a possibilidade de transmissão intradomiciliar.

An endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the South Coastal region of S. Paulo State, Brazil, is reported. Seventeen cases were found and diagnostic was made mainly through parasitologic evidences. Probability of local intradomiciliary transmission is suspected.

Relata-se a existência de área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar na região Sul do litoral do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Descrevem-se 17 casos a maioria dos quais foram diagnosticados parasitologicamente. As características observadas permitem supor a possibilidade de transmissão intradomiciliar.

An endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the South Coastal region of S. Paulo State, Brazil, is reported. Seventeen cases were found and diagnostic was made mainly through parasitologic evidences. Probability of local intradomiciliary transmission is suspected.