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RESUMO: O pequi (Caryocar spp.) é um fruto nativo do cerrado brasileiro e Caryocar brasiliense Camb. é uma das espécies mais prevalentes neste bioma. O consumo da polpa de pequi tem sido associado a benefícios à saúde, como efeitos antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórios, hipolipidêmicos, hepatoprotetores e anticarcinogênicos. Esses benefícios têm sido atribuídos à sua alta densidade em nutrientes e compostos bioativos. No entanto, há evidências de considerável variação no perfil nutricional entre polpas de pequi de diferentes espécies, e entre polpas da mesma espécie, mas de diferentes áreas do cerrado. Além disso, não há informações na literatura sobre o perfil de polifenóis da polpa de C. brasiliense, tampouco sobre a influência da área nativa do fruto na composição desses fitoquímicos. Assim, este estudo analisou a composição de nutrientes e identificou os compostos fenólicos na polpa de frutos de C. brasiliense nativos de quatro diferentes áreas do Cerrado. Houve notável variação nos teores de energia (176,3-387,2 kcal/100 g) e lipídios (13,0-37,5 g/100 g) entre as amostras. Em contrapartida, não foi encontrada diferença na composição em polifenóis, uma vez que ácido gálico, ácido protocatecuico, catequina, epicatequina, ácido p-cumárico e ácido elágico foram identificados em todas as polpas de pequi analisadas. A polpa de C. brasiliense tem potencial para ser utilizada como ingrediente funcional rico em compostos bioativos, porém com diferentes teores de energia e lipídios de acordo com a área nativa do fruto para atender a distintas alegações de saúde do produto.

ABSTRACT: Pequi (Caryocar spp.) is a fruit native to the Brazilian Savannah (Cerrado), and Caryocar brasilienseCamb. is one of the most prevalent species in this biome. The consumption of the pequi pulp has been associated with health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects. These benefits have been attributed to its high density in nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, there is evidence about considerable variation in the nutritional profile among pequi pulps of different species, and among pulps of the same species, but from different areas of the Cerrado. In addition, there is no information in literature regarding the polyphenols profile of C. brasiliense pulp, neither about the influence of the native area of the fruit on the composition of these phytochemicals. So, this study analyzed the nutrient composition and identified the phenolic compounds in the pulp of C. brasiliense fruits native to four different areas of the Cerrado. There was a remarkable variation in the contents of energy (176.3-387.2 kcal/100 g) and lipids (13.0-37.5 g/100 g) among samples. In contrast, no difference was observed in the polyphenols composition, since gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, and ellagic acid were identified in all pequi pulps. C. brasiliense pulp shows potential to be used as a functional ingredient rich in bioactive compounds, but with different contents of energy and lipids according to the fruit’s native area to attempt distinct health allegations of the product.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220063

Bioprospecting the Cerrado’s Aromatic Flora: Chemical and Biological Studies of Three Essential Oils
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Rodrigues, Gardênia Barbosa Carrijo

; Fernandes, Cassia Cristina

; Marcionilio, Suzana Maria Loures de Oliveira

; Martins, Carlos Henrique Gomes

; Pedroso, Reginaldo dos Santos

; Santiago, Mariana Brentini

; Oliveira, Thaís Aparecida Santos

; Costa, Maria Paula Previdente

; Crotti, Antônio Eduardo Miller

; Miranda, Mayker Lazaro Dantas

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2023, Volume 66 elocation e23220034

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Chemical and pharmacological potentials of botanical species found in the Cerrado are well-known and widely studied. Chemical diversity of secondary metabolites produced by plants that belong to this Brazilian biome has triggered several studies in the fields of farming, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from fresh leaves of three species found in the Brazilian Cerrado: Cardiopetalum calophyllum Schltdl. (EO-CC), Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (EO-CA) and Protium ovatum Engl. (EO-PO) and at determining their anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory activities. Both GC-FID and GC-MS showed that the most abundant chemical class of the oils was the one of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The major constituents identified in EO-CC were germacrene D (34.9%) and bicyclogermacrene (26.8%). EO-CA exhibited mainly germacrene D (21.7%) while EO-PO had high concentrations of germacrene D (25.0%) and γ-muurolene (18.6%). EOs were tested by the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates and exhibited satisfactory activity against M. furfur, i. e., EO-CA had MIC = 375 µg/mL while EO-CC and EO-PO had MIC = 750 µg/mL. The chemotaxis model, which was used for evaluating their anti-inflammatory activity, showed that EOs exhibited effective results: C. calophyllum (EO-CC; IC50 = 24.4 µg/mL), C. adamantium (EO-CA; IC50 = 15.7 µg/mL) and P. ovatum (EO-PO; IC50 = 32.5 µg/mL). In short, biological activities of EO-CC, EO-CA and EO-PO, such as anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory ones, were investigated and described for the first time.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023220034

Pitaya [Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose] effect on glycemia and oxidative stress in aloxan-induced diabetic mice
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LIRA, Sandra Machado

; HOLANDA, Marcelo Oliveira

; SILVA, José Ytalo Gomes da

; MARQUES, Chayane Gomes

; COELHO, Lia Corrêa

; LIMA, Carla Laíne Silva

; COSTA, Joana Talita Galdino

; DANTAS, Juliana Barbosa

; MACIEL, Gladstone Lima

; SILVA, Gisele Silvestre da

; SANTOS, Glauber Batista Moreira

; ZOCOLO, Guilherme Julião

; DIONÍSIO, Ana Paula

; GUEDES, Maria Izabel Florindo

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e56822

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Pitaya is a rich source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and betalains. Moreover, these compounds has been associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of this fruit on glycemia and oxidative stress in aloxan-induced diabetic mice. Thus, considering that In the in vivo assays, the mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 6): (a) healthy group treated with water; (b) diabetic mice treated with metformin at 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in water; (c) untreated diabetic mice; (d) diabetic mice treated with pitaya at 200 mg/kg and (e) diabetic mice treated with pitaya at 400 mg/kg of body weight diluted in water. The results shows that pitaya was able significantly to reduce blood glucose (p < 0.05) (200 mg/kg); significantly reduce cholesterol (200 and 400 mg/kg) and significantly increase HDL-c (400 mg/kg) levels. In the oxidative stress experiment, Malondialdehyde levels in the liver were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the groups treated with pitaya, when compared to the other groups, suggesting lower lipid peroxidation. The consumption of pitaya reduced the blood glucose and cholesterol and increase the HDL, in addition, the lipid peroxidation - which is common in diabetic patients, was reduced.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.56822

Diretrizes Brasileiras para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: Diretriz conjunta da Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia
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Falavigna, Maicon

; Stein, Cinara

; Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do

; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de

; Belli, Karlyse Claudino

; Colpani, Verônica

; Cunha, Clóvis Arns da

; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe

; Dias, Maria Beatriz Souza

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Freitas, Ana Paula da Rocha

; Gräf, Débora Dalmas

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Lobo, Suzana Margareth Ajeje

; Monteiro, José Tadeu

; Nunes, Michelle Silva

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli de

; Prado, Clementina Corah Lucas

; Santos, Vania Cristina Canuto

; Silva, Rosemeri Maurici da

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Vidal, Ávila Teixeira

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 12

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

ABSTRACT Objective: Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220001-pt

Violence in the neighborhood and mental health of community health workers in a Brazilian metropolis
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Vieira-Meyer, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes

; Morais, Ana Patrícia Pereira

; Santos, Helena Paula Guerra dos

; Yousafzai, Aisha Khizar

; Campelo, Isabella Lima Barbosa

; Guimarães, José Maria Ximenes

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 12 elocation e00022122

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

Violence is a major social problem in Brazil, with severe repercussions on the health care sector. Primary health care professionals, especially community health workers (CHWs), are at high risk of violence at facilities and in the socially vulnerable area where they work. This study analyzed the relationships between adverse working conditions and dimensions of localized violence on the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) among CHWs in Fortaleza, a state capital in Northeastern Brazil. Information was collected with a self-report questionnaire containing items on sociodemographic data, work-related violence, psychoemotional signs and symptoms (Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20), mental health care, and absence from work due to general or mental health issues. Based on the responses of 1,437 CHWs, the prevalence of CMD (32.75%) was associated with perceived, witnessed, or suffered violence in the work area. In the hierarchical analysis, CMD were associated with age, sex, religious identity, years of experience as a CHW with the Family Health Strategy (FHS), work neighborhood, activities in the community, considering the lack of bonding with families as an obstacle, having suffered domestic violence, use of medication for emotional dysregulation, identifying the neighborhood as violent, considering violence a physical or mental health determinant, and identifying impunity as a cause of violence. Thus, the work and mental health of CHWs were significantly affected by violence dimensions. Our findings are relevant to the adoption of strategies to mitigate the effects of violence on the work and mental health of CHWs.

A violência é um grande problema social no Brasil, com graves repercussões no setor de saúde. Profissionais da atenção primária à saúde, principalmente os agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS), apresentam alto risco de violência nas instalações e na área de vulnerabilidade social onde atuam. Este estudo analisou as relações entre condições adversas de trabalho e as dimensões da violência no território na prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) entre ACS de Fortaleza, uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil. As informações foram coletadas por meio de um questionário de autorrelato (Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20) com itens sobre dados sociodemográficos, violência relacionada ao trabalho, sinais e sintomas psicoemocionais, cuidados em saúde mental e ausência ao trabalho por problemas gerais ou de saúde mental. Com base nas respostas de 1.437 ACS, a prevalência de TMC (32,75%) foi associada à violência percebida, testemunhada ou sofrida na área de trabalho. Na análise hierárquica, os TMC estavam associados a idade, sexo, identidade religiosa, anos de experiência como ACS na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), bairro onde trabalha, atividades na comunidade, considerando a falta de vínculo com as famílias como obstáculo, ter sofrido violência doméstica, uso de medicação para desregulação emocional, identificar o bairro como violento, considerar violência um determinante da saúde física ou mental e identificar a impunidade como causa de violência. Assim, o trabalho e a saúde mental dos ACS foram significativamente afetados pelas dimensões da violência. Nossos achados são relevantes para a adoção de estratégias para mitigar os efeitos da violência no trabalho e na saúde mental dos ACS.

La violencia es un problema social importante en Brasil, con graves impactos en el sector de la salud. Los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud, en especial los agentes comunitarios de salud (ACS), se encuentran en alto riesgo de violencia en los establecimientos y en el área de vulnerabilidad social donde actúan. Este estudio analizó la relación entre las condiciones laborales adversas y las dimensiones de la violencia localizada en la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales comunes (TMC) entre los ACS de Fortaleza, una capital en la Región Nordeste de Brasil. Para recabar la información, se aplicó un cuestionario de autoinforme (Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20) que constaba de ítems sobre datos sociodemográficos, violencia laboral, signos y síntomas psicoemocionales, cuidados en salud mental y ausencia al trabajo por problemas generales o de salud mental. De las respuestas de 1.437 ACS, se constató que la prevalencia de TMC (32,75%) estuvo asociada con la violencia percibida, que se presenció o sufrió en el lugar de trabajo. En el análisis jerárquico, los TMC se asociaron con la edad, el sexo, la identidad religiosa, los años de experiencia como ACS en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF), el barrio donde actúan, las actividades en la comunidad, considerando como obstáculo la falta de vínculo con las familias, haber sufrido violencia intrafamiliar, uso de medicamentos para la desregulación emocional, la identificación del barrio como violento, considerar la violencia como determinante de la salud física o mental e identificar la impunidad como causa de la violencia. Por lo tanto, el trabajo y la salud mental de los ACS se vieron significativamente afectados por las dimensiones de la violencia. Estos hallazgos son relevantes para aplicar estrategias de mitigación de los efectos de la violencia en el trabajo y en la salud mental de los ACS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen022122

Violence in the neighborhood and mental health of community health workers in a Brazilian metropolis
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Vieira-Meyer, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes

; Morais, Ana Patrícia Pereira

; Santos, Helena Paula Guerra dos

; Yousafzai, Aisha Khizar

; Campelo, Isabella Lima Barbosa

; Guimarães, José Maria Ximenes

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 12 elocation e00022122

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen022122

PROTOCOLOS PARA ATENDIMENTO DE SAÚDE MENTAL NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: SUBSÍDIOS PARA TRANSFORMAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA
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Cordeiro, Gisele Fernandes Tarma

; Santos, Tatiana Marques dos

; Ferreira, Rosa Gomes dos Santos

; Guljor, Ana Paula Freitas

; Peters, Angela Aparecida

; Peres, Maria Angélica de Almeida

Cogitare Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 27 elocation e82680

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as repercussões no atendimento em saúde mental pela implantação de Protocolos de Conduta Assistencial em Unidade Básica de Saúde, em Juiz de Fora - MG - BR. Método: estudo histórico-social, realizado no ano de 2018, tendo por fontes diretas, documentos escritos e depoimentos orais, analisadas pelos pressupostos da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Resultados: apresentam-se as categorias: a) Reorganização da assistência em saúde mental por implantação de Protocolos de Conduta; b) Processo de referência e contrarreferência entre Unidade Básica de Saúde e serviços de atenção especializada em saúde mental; c) Transformação da assistência em saúde mental. Conclusão: protocolos organizaram a rede de atenção em saúde mental, sustentando a capacitação multiprofissional, introduzindo atenção primária à saúde como porta de entrada para acolhimento, tratamento e acompanhamento em saúde mental territorial.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las repercusiones que tiene sobre la atención en salud mental la implantación de Protocolos de Conducta Asistencial en una Unidad Básica de Salud de Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais - Brasil). Método: estudio histórico-social, realizado en 2018, cuyas fuentes directas son los documentos escritos y testimonios orales analizados según los presupuestos de la Reforma Psiquiátrica. Resultados: se presentan las categorías: a) Reorganización de la atención en salud mental a través de la implantación de Protocolos de Conducta; b) Proceso de derivación y contraderivación entre la Unidad Básica de Salud y los servicios de atención especializada en salud mental; c) Transformación de la atención en salud mental. Conclusión: los protocolos organizaron la red de atención en salud mental, apoyando la formación multidisciplinaria, instaurando la Atención Primaria de la Salud como puerta de entrada para la recepción, el tratamiento y seguimiento de la salud mental del territorio.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the repercussions on mental health care due to the implementation of Care Conduct Protocols in a Basic Health Unit from Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais - Brazil). Method: a historical-social study carried out in 2018, having as direct sources written documents and oral testimonies analyzed according to the assumptions of the Psychiatric Reform. Results: the following categories are presented: a) Reorganization of mental health care through the implementation of Conduct Protocols; b) Referral and counter-referral process between Basic Health Units and specialized mental health care services; and c) Transformation of mental health care. Conclusion: the protocols organized the mental health care network, supporting multiprofessional training, introducing Primary Health Care as a gateway to welcoming, treatment and monitoring in territorial mental health.

https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.82680

Educational technologies to guide pulmonary tuberculosis sputum collection: a systematic review
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da Silva, Karine Nascimento

; Santos, Paula Suene Pereira dos

; Barbosa, Rayanne de Sousa

; Lopes, Maria do Socorro Vieira

; Pinto, Antonio Germane Alves

; Cavalcante, Edilma Gomes Rocha

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2022, Volume 56 elocation e20210433

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as contribuições das tecnologias educativas utilizadas durante as orientações para coleta de escarro da tuberculose pulmonar. Método: Revisão sistemática guiada pelo Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews com protocolo registrado na base International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, sob o número CRD42020208162. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Cinahl, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Lilacs, CENTRAL, CAPES, Proquest, OpenGrey e busca manual na lista de referências. A busca, seleção dos estudos, extração dos dados e avaliação metodológica pela ferramenta do Risco de Viés da Cochrane foram realizadas por dois revisores independentes. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se 2488 estudos, sendo sete selecionados e analisados, dos quais quatro utilizaram palestras estruturadas; três, folder educativo; e um, vídeo educativo. Todos foram utilizados de forma isolada ou em conjunto, impactando na confirmação bacteriológica da tuberculose. Os estudos apresentaram baixo risco de viés. Conclusão: As evidências científicas demonstraram que as tecnologias educativas apresentam como contribuições o aumento da qualidade, volume e aspecto da amostra de escarro, o que proporciona a melhoria da confirmação bacteriológica da doença.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the contributions of educational technologies used during the guidelines for sputum collection from pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: Systematic review guided by Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews with protocol registered in the database International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, with number CRD42020208162. The search was performed in the Cinahl, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Lilacs, CENTRAL, CAPES, Proquest, OpenGrey databases and manual search in the reference list. The search, selection of studies, data extraction, and methodological evaluation using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool were performed by two independent reviewers. Results: A total of 2,488 studies were evidenced, with seven being selected and analyzed, of which four used structured lectures; three, educational booklet; and one, an educational video, used alone or together, impacting the bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis. The studies had a low risk of bias. Conclusion: Scientific evidence has shown that educational technologies contribute to increasing the quality, volume, and appearance of the sputum sample, which improves the bacteriological confirmation of the disease.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Evaluar las contribuciones de las tecnologías educativas utilizadas durante las orientaciones para colecta de esputo de la tuberculosis pulmonar. Método: Revisión sistemática guiada por el Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews con protocolo registrado en la base International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, bajo el número CRD42020208162. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos Cinahl, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Lilacs, CENTRAL, CAPES, Proquest, OpenGrey y búsqueda manual en la lista de referencias. La búsqueda, selección de los estudios, extracción de los datos y evaluación metodológica por la herramienta del Riesgo de Sesgo Cochrane fueron realizadas por dos revisores independientes. Resultados: Se evidenciaron 2488 estudios, siendo siete seleccionados y analizados, de los cuales cuatro utilizaron palestras estructuradas, tres folder educativo y un vídeo educativo, utilizados de forma aislada o conjunta, impactando en la confirmación bacteriológica de la tuberculosis. Los estudios presentaron bajo riesgo de sesgo. Conclusión: Las evidencias científicas demostraron que las tecnologías educativas presentan como contribuciones el aumento de la calidad, volumen y aspecto de la muestra de esputo, lo que proporciona el perfeccionamiento de la confirmación bacteriológica de la enfermedad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0433en

Impact of COVID-19 on Oral Healthcare for Oncopediatric Patients: The Setting in a Reference Hospital in Northeast Brazil
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Damascena, Lecidamia Cristina Leite

; Bezerra, Paula Maria Maracajá

; Santos, Fabio Gomes dos

; Lucena, Nyellisonn Nando Nóbrega de

; Vieira, Thiago Isidro

; Viana Filho, José Maria Chagas

; Bonan, Paulo Rogério Ferreti

; Ribeiro, Isabella Lima Arrais

; Serpa, Eliane Batista de Medeiros

; Sousa, Simone Alves de

; Valença, Ana Maria Gondim

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2022, Volume 22 elocation e210211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental care provided to pediatric cancer patients assisted in a referral hospital. Material and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective study based on secondary data extracted from worksheets of dental procedures for patients aged between 0 and 19 years assisted in the pediatric oncology sector of a hospital in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Dental procedures performed by the interdisciplinary team of researchers from August 2018 to February 2020 (19 months prior to the pandemic) and from April 2020 to October 2021 (19 months during the pandemic) were totaled and compared. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: There was a reduction of 80.2% in dental interventions implemented in the sector during the pandemic, with the number of procedures decreasing from 6,210 (the period before the pandemic) to 1,229 (during the pandemic). Most procedures in both periods were performed for patients assisted in beds, for whom there was a reduction of care provided for 81.2% from 5,275 to 994 procedures. Dental procedures in the outpatient clinic decreased by 74.9%, from 935 to 235. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted dental care provided to pediatric oncology patients by restricting dental procedures to emergency demands, compromising performance prevention and health promotion actions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2022.035

10.

Desafios do multiprofissionalismo para a redução de danos em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas
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Pires, Roberto Rocha C.

; Santos, Maria Paula Gomes dos

Saúde e Sociedade

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2021, Volume 30 N. 2 elocation e200072

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O artigo aborda a implementação da estratégia de Redução de Danos (RD) por equipes multiprofissionais nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas (Caps AD) do Distrito Federal. A partir dos aportes teóricos dos estudos sobre implementação de políticas públicas e da sociologia das profissões, buscou-se refletir sobre as implicações do multiprofissionalismo para a tradução da RD em ações práticas junto aos usuários dos serviços. Realizou-se pesquisa de campo nas sete unidades de Caps AD do Distrito Federal, onde as atividades cotidianas foram observadas e profissionais foram entrevistados. A análise revelou que: (1) há variação substantiva na forma como os profissionais atuantes nos Caps AD interpretam e praticam a RD; (2) suas diferentes formas de entendimento e ação associam-se à formação profissional em distintos campos de conhecimento (psicossocial versus biomédico); e (3) estas divergências podem resultar em conflitos entre profissionais e implicar consequências negativas para os usuários dos serviços. Discute-se, também, os meios encontrados pelas gerências para a gestão e mitigação destas implicações. Os achados contribuem para reflexões mais amplas sobre os desafios que se impõem à sustentabilidade do modelo de atenção proposto para os Caps AD.

Abstract The article focuses on the implementation of the Harm Reduction strategy by multiprofessional teams in the Centers for Psychosocial Attention to Users of Alcohol and other Drugs (CAPS AD) at the Brazilian Federal District. Based on theoretical propositions from the fields of policy implementation and sociology of professions, it sought to reflect upon the implications of different professional perspectives about the concept of Harm Reduction, and its translation into practice, for the aims of the Ministry of Health Care Policy for Alcohol and Other Drugs Users and its beneficiaries. Our study is supported by empirical research involving qualitative fieldwork on the seven units of CAPS AD in the Federal District. Our findings suggest that: (1) there is substantive variation in the way CAPS AD professionals interpret and practice harm reduction principles; (2) this variation is associated with professional education in distinct fields of knowledge (psychosocial versus biomedical); and (3) divergences among professionals may result in conflicts and produce negative consequences for service users. We also discuss the means by which service managers seek to mitigate those negative implications. These findings contribute to broader reflections on the challenges for sustainability of the Caps AD model.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-12902021200072

11.

Oral health indicators and sociodemographic factors in Brazil from 2008 to 2015
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Santos, Juliana Leandro dos

; Ferreira, Raquel Conceição

; Amorim, Leonardo de Paula

; Santos, Anna Rachel Soares

; Chiari, Antônio Paulo Gomes

; Senna, Maria Inês Barreiros

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 25

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the annual variation of oral health and primary care coverage, the tooth extraction ratio, and the average of supervised toothbrushing in Brazilian municipalities according to social development and population size. METHODS: Public secondary data were analyzed. The outcomes were health service indicators (oral health coverage, primary health care coverage, tooth extraction ratio, and average of supervised tooth brushing) estimated for all Brazilian municipalities annually from 2008 to 2015. Mixed-effect multilevel regression models with random intercept and slopes were fitted with a cross-interaction term to estimate the annual percent variation according to the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) and population size. RESULTS: Municipalities with low MHDI presented an annual increase in oral health and primary care coverage of 2.65% and 2.23%, respectively, which was significantly higher than municipalities with medium and high MHDI. Oral health and primary care coverage were 69.26% and 35.00% lower among municipalities with a large population. Municipalities with medium and high MHDI showed an annual decrease in tooth extractions of 5.15% and 5.02%, respectively. An annual decrease was observed in the average of supervised toothbrushing of 9.81% and 4.57% in municipalities with low and medium MHDI, respectively. The tooth extraction ratio was higher among larger municipalities; the relation is inverse for supervised toothbrushing. CONCLUSIONS: The access to primary care and oral health services increased in Brazil, while a decrease occurred in mutilating treatment and provision of preventive actions, with disparities among municipalities with different MHDI levels over time.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002763

12.

Association of the polymorphism Exon 1 (A/O) region of the mannose-binding lectin gene and periportal fibrosis regression in schistosomiasis after specific treatment
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Oliveira, Saulo Gomes de

; Souza, Ilana Brito Ferraz de

; Constantino, Taynan da Silva

; Silva, Paula Carolina Valença

; Lima, Elker Lene Santos de

; Muniz, Maria Tereza Cartaxo

; Domingues, Ana Lúcia Coutinho

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e01452020

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: We evaluated the association between genetic polymorphisms in exon 1 (A/O alleles) and promoter regions at positions -550 (H/L variant, rs11003125) and -221 (X/Y variant, rs7096206) MBL2 and periportal fibrosis regression. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 114 Brazilians infected with Schistosoma mansoni, who were subjected to follow-up for three years after specific treatment for schistosomiasis to estimate the probability of periportal fibrosis regression. RESULTS: A risk association was observed between polymorphism at the exon 1 MBL2 and periportal fibrosis regression. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the polymorphism of exon 1 MBL2 may potentially be used to predict periportal fibrosis regression in this population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0145-2020

13.

Desafios do multiprofissionalismo para a redução de danos em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas
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Pires, Roberto Rocha C.

; Santos, Maria Paula Gomes dos

Saúde e Sociedade

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2021, Volume 30 N. 2 elocation e200072

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-12902021200072

14.

Oral health indicators and sociodemographic factors in Brazil from 2008 to 2015
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Santos, Juliana Leandro dos

; Ferreira, Raquel Conceição

; Amorim, Leonardo de Paula

; Santos, Anna Rachel Soares

; Chiari, Antônio Paulo Gomes

; Senna, Maria Inês Barreiros

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 25

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002763

15.

Selection of Hancornia speciosa germplasm accessions based on the FAI-BLUP index
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Almeida, Gabriella Queiroz de

; Rocha, João Romero Amaral Santos de Carvalho

; Pessoa, Herika Paula

; Alves, Flávia Maria

; Chaves, Lázaro José

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2021, Volume 51 elocation e67226

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Hancornia speciosa Gomes é uma das espécies frutíferas nativas mais frequentes no Cerrado. Estudos sobre a variabilidade genética de caracteres quantitativos para essa espécie são escassos e a identificação de acessos com as melhores características agronômicas pode subsidiar estratégias de programas de conservação e melhoramento genético. Objetivou-se estimar a diversidade genética de acessos da coleção de germoplasma de H. speciosa da Universidade Federal de Goiás e classificá-los com base em um índice de seleção combinando onze características agronômicas. Foram avaliados 192 acessos individuais de 57 progênies, de 29 populações naturais. Os dados foram submetidos a análise multivariada e os indivíduos e progênies avaliados pelo índice de seleção FAI-BLUP. A análise de agrupamento de Tocher permitiu agrupar as progênies em dez agrupamentos divergentes e os indivíduos em 18 agrupamentos divergentes. A seleção simultânea de caracteres com base no índice FAI-BLUP pode ser recomendada, mantendo-se a variabilidade potencial na população resultante da recombinação. A seleção individual mostrou-se mais eficaz do que a seleção baseada em médias de progênies, por explorar a variação genética entre e dentro das progênies.

ABSTRACT Hancornia speciosa Gomes is one of the native fruit species most frequent in the Brazilian Savanna. Studies on the genetic variability of quantitative traits for this species are scarce and the identification of accessions with the best agronomic traits may support strategies for conservation and breeding programs. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity of accessions from the H. speciosa germplasm collection of the Universidade Federal de Goiás (Goiânia, Goiás state, Brazil) and rank them based on a selection index combining eleven agronomic traits. A total of 192 individual accessions from 57 progenies, from 29 natural populations, were evaluated. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis and the individuals and progenies evaluated using the FAI-BLUP selection index. The Tocher cluster analysis allowed grouping the progenies into ten divergent clusters and the individuals into 18 divergent clusters. The simultaneous selection of traits based on the FAI-BLUP index may be recommended while maintaining the potential variability in the population resulting from the recombination. The individual selection proved to be more effective than the selection based on progenies means, because it exploits the genetic variation among and within progenies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5167226

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