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au:Santos, Deborah A. dos

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Economic indicators for cowpea cultivation under different irrigation depths
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Carvalho, Erika de O. T. de

; Costa, Deborah L. P.

; Luz, Denilson B. da

; Rua, Matheus L.

; Velame, Maria de L. A.

; Monteiro, Adrielle C.

; Vieira, Igor C. de O.

; Pinto, João V. de N.

; Fernandes, Gabriel S. T.

; Nunes, Hildo G. G. C.

; Souza, Paulo J. de O. P. de

; Santos, Marcos A. S. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2023, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 618 - 624

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Cowpeas are of high socioeconomic importance in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, whereby the search for alternatives that offer increased productivity with financial returns has become an important challenge. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate and evaluate the economic indicators of cowpea production in 2015 and 2016 when applying drip irrigation to different depths. Irrigation treatments were based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The experiment was laid in a randomized complete blocks design with four treatments (0, 25, 50, and 100% ETc) and six replications. For economic analysis, the results were extrapolated to an area of one hectare. Productivity in 2015 was lower than that in 2016; however, in all treatments, it was always higher when plants were grown under adequate water supply. In both years, the total operating costs were higher under irrigation than under rainfed conditions. The 100% ETc treatment resulted in a greater number of cowpea bags (60 kg) produced and a higher gross revenue than the rainfed treatment by 17 bags ha-1, equivalent to 1,020 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 711.48) and 16 bags ha-1, equivalent to 960 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 867.12), in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Water deficit limited cowpea yield in both years but made cultivation economically unfeasible only in 2015.

RESUMO O feijão-caupi apresenta grande importância socioeconômica nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, sendo que a busca por alternativas que ofereçam aumento de produtividade com retorno financeiro tem se tornado um importante desafio. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar e avaliar os indicadores econômicos da produção de feijão-caupi nos anos de 2015 e 2016 quando da aplicação de irrigação por gotejamento em diferentes lâminas. Os tratamentos de irrigação foram baseados na evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc). O experimento foi instalado em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos (0, 25, 50 e 100% da ETc) e seis repetições. Para análise econômica, os resultados foram extrapolados para uma área de um hectare. A produtividade em 2015 foi inferior à de 2016; porém, em todos os tratamentos, a produtividade foi sempre maior quando as plantas foram cultivadas sob irrigação adequada. Em ambos os anos, os custos operacionais totais foram maiores sob irrigação do que sob condições de sequeiro. O tratamento 100% ETc resultou em maior número de sacas de feijão-caupi (60 kg) produzidas e receita bruta superior ao tratamento de sequeiro em 17 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 1.020 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 711,48) e 16 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 960 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 867,12), em 2015 e 2016, respectivamente. A deficiência hídrica limitou a produtividade do feijão-caupi nos dois anos, mas inviabilizou economicamente o cultivo apenas em 2015.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n8p618-624

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Biologically Active Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Produced by Rhizospheric Actinobacteria Strains Inhibit the Growth of the Phytopathogen Colletotrichum musae
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Brito, Maria V. de

; Fonseca, Wéverson L.

; Mafezoli, Jair

; Barbosa, Francisco G.

; Nunes, Fátima M.

; Mattos, Marcos C. de

; Santos, João E. A. dos

; Araujo, Francisca S. A.

; Vieira, Regimara F. B. S.

; Magalhães, Hilton C. R.

; Muniz, Celli R.

; Garruti, Deborah S.

; Ootani, Marcio A.

; Souza Netto, José M.

; Pinto, Licarion

; Viana, Francisco M. P.

; Oliveira, Maria C. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2022, Volume 33 N. 10 Pages 1172 - 1189

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The antifungal potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by actinobacterial strains Streptomyces sp. (ACTB-77) and Amycolatopsis sp. (ACTB-290) from the rhizosphere of Caatinga plants against Colletotrichum musae was investigated. VOCs produced by these microorganisms (axenic and co-culture) were investigated using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although no exclusive VOC peaks were observed in the co-culture with ACTB-77, the same experiment involving ACTB-290 yielded five new peaks, including two identified alcohols, suggested as bioreductive products of the corresponding ketones by the fungus. Statistical analysis revealed that co-culture ACTB-77/C. musae has a closer similarity to the fungus than to the actinobacteria, while the co culture ACTB-290/C. musae showed closer similarity to the actinobacteria. These confirmed the more pronounced antifungal activity of the ACTB-290 strain, as observed in the fungus growth inhibition experiments. The antifungal activity of ACTB-290 was associated to its sulfur-containing metabolites, while linalool was suggested as responsible for the ACTB-77 activity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220037

Chemical and microbiological attributes of sandy soil fertilized with crushed green coconut shell
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Paiva, Aparecida Barbosa de

; Taniguchi, Carlos Alberto Kenji

; Romero, Ricardo Espindola

; Garruti, Deborah dos Santos

; Pagano, Marcela Claudia

; Weber, Olmar Baller

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2022, Volume 53 elocation e20207778

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição química da casca de coco verde triturada e seus efeitos nos atributos do solo. Os tratamentos consistiram em áreas que receberam o resíduo e apresentaram diferenças no tempo de reação com o solo: 1 (T1); 12 (T2); 36 (T3) e 72 meses (T4) e outra área, onde não foi aplicado o resíduo (T5). Amostras de resíduos remanescentes na superfície do solo foram coletadas para avaliação da composição química e de solos para análise química, atividade microbiana e de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares. Os teores de nutrientes e sódio permaneceram as mesmas ao longo do tempo, fornecendo, em ordem de magnitude, a contribuição de C > K > N > Ca > Mg > Na > P > S > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu para o solo. Nos períodos avaliados houve aumento na disponibilidade de elementos, como N, P, K e Na, e aumento na soma de bases e na capacidade de troca catiônica do solo. Durante o período mais longo avaliado houve aumento da atividade da biomassa microbiana, medida pela respiração edáfica e pelos quocientes metabólico e de mineralização. Com o passar do tempo houve variações nas comunidades de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares, mas isso não afetou a diversidade de espécies de fungos. Os morfotipos de esporos prevalentes foram de Acaulospora laevis, A. scrobiculata e Claroideoglomus etunicatum. A aplicação de 100 t ha-1 de casca de coco verde triturada promove mudanças nos atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo, principalmente nos primeiros meses de aplicação do resíduo. Sugere-se reaplicar o resíduo 36 meses após a aplicação.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of crushed green coconut shell and its effects on soil attributes. The treatments consisted of areas that received the residue and presented differences in the reaction time with the soil: 1 (T1); 12 (T2); 36 (T3) and 72 months (T4) and another area, in which the residue was not applied (T5). Samples of residues remaining on the soil surface were collected to evaluate the chemical composition and soils for chemical analysis, microbial activity, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Nutrients and sodium concentrations remained the same over time, providing, in order of magnitude, the contribution of organic C > K > N > Ca > Mg > Na > P > S > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu to the soil. Over the periods evaluated, there were increases in the availability of elements, such as N, P, K and Na, and increases in the sum of base and cation exchange capacity of the soil. During the treatment with the longest period evaluated, there were increases in microbial biomass activity, measured by edaphic respiration and by metabolic and mineralization quotients. As time progressed, there were variations in communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, but this did not affect the diversity of fungal species. The most prevalent spore morphotypes belonged to Acaulospora laevis, A. scrobiculata and Claroideoglomus etunicatum. The application of 100 t ha-1 of crushed green coconut shell promotes changes in the chemical and microbiological soil attributes, especially in the first months of the application of the residue. Reapplying residue 36 months after the first application is recommended.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20220007

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

ANÁLISE ESPECTROSCÓPICA DA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA NO SEDIMENTO SUPERFICIAL DA BAÍA DE SEPETIBA, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL
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Carvalho, Angelo C. B.

; Silva, Libério J.

; Dick, Déborah P.

; Moreira, Vanessa de A.

; Vicente, Murilo de C.

; Andrade, Antoni Felipe O. de

; Bidone, Edison Dausacker

; Sabadini-Santos, Elisamara

Química Nova

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may 2020, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 552 - 557

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Spectroscopic techniques are powerful tools for molecular organic matter assessment in sediments, which analysis request low sample mass and are cheap, fast and easy to obtain. The aim of this work was to evaluate the elemental (C, N) and molecular composition of the organic matter in relation to the grain-size distribution over surface sediments from Sepetiba Bay. Spatial distribution of grain-size was remarkable heterogeneous, with the internal area presenting the highest levels of fine sediments, organic carbon (0.20-3.45%) and total nitrogen (<LQ-0.36%). Concentrations of organic carbon from surface sediments at the study area seem to be lower when compared to other degraded coastal systems. C/N ratio vary between 10 and 20, suggesting a mix of allochthonous and autochthonous sources of organic matter to the sediments. DRIFT spectra presented prominent and marked bands assigned to organic and mineral functional groups bonding and the spectra identified chemical bonds of molecular composition such as aliphatic and aromatic functional groups.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170518 471 downloads

Carbon in Physical Fractions and Organic Matter Chemical Composition of an Acrisol after Amazon Forest Burning and Conversion into Pasture
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Leal, Otávio A.

; Dick, Deborah P.

; Costa, Falberni S.

; Knicker, Heike

; Carvalho Júnior, João A. de

; Santos, José C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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feb 2019, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 413 - 424

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to investigate impacts of Amazon Forest (AF) fire and conversion to pasture on carbon accumulation in particle size fractions and organic matter (OM) composition of an Acrisol. Soil samples were collected (0.00-2.00 m depth) in three sites: native AF (NAF); AF under natural regeneration for two years after burning (BAF); 23-years old Brachiaria pasture after AF burning (BRA). Assuming NAF area as reference, BAF and BRA areas showed negative carbon balance when carbon emitted to the atmosphere at AF burning is taken into account. Soil OM aromaticity and hydrophobicity, assessed via 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, in BRA and BAF were similar to that in NAF. Fire and post-fire land use altered the carbon distribution in sand, silt and clay along the soil profile and seem to have affected organo-mineral and OM self-assemblage interactions, since the relation between total soil carbon and carbon in clay was asymptotic in BAF and linear in NAF and BRA.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180191 633 downloads

Self-Reported High-Cholesterol Prevalence in the Brazilian Population: Analysis of the 2013 National Health Survey
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Lotufo, Paulo A.

; Santos, Raul D.

; Sposito, Andrei C.

; Bertolami, Marcelo

; Rocha-Faria Neto, Jose

; Izar, M. Cristina

; Szwarcwald, Celia

; Prado, Rogério R.

; Stoppa, Sheila R.

; Malta, Deborah C.

; Bensenor, Isabela M.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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may 2017, Volume 108 N. 5 Pages 411 - 416

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: A prevalência de hipercolesterolemia no Brasil não é conhecida para todo o país, havendo somente inquéritos em algumas cidades. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de diagnóstico médico de colesterol alto autorreferido na população adulta brasileira, utilizando-se dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2013. Métodos: Estudo descritivo que avaliou os dados da PNS de 2013, um inquérito epidemiológico de base domiciliar, representativo para o Brasil, com informações autorreferidas. A amostra compreendeu 60.202 indivíduos entrevistados com autorrelato de diagnóstico médico de colesterol. Calculou-se a prevalência de ponto e o intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) para diagnóstico médico de colesterol/triglicerídeos alto(s) por sexo, idade, cor da pele, região geográfica, escolaridade. Foram calculadas as razões de chance ajustadas. Resultados: Dos 60.202 participantes adultos, 14,3% (IC95%=13,7-14,8) nunca tiveram colesterol ou triglicerídeos dosados, sendo que um maior número de mulheres, idosos, indivíduos com instrução superior completa e de raça branca relatou aferição há menos de um ano. A prevalência de diagnóstico médico de colesterol alto foi de 12,5%, maior nas mulheres (15,1%) do que nos homens (9,7%). A frequência de diagnóstico médico de colesterol alto foi maior naqueles com idade até 59 anos, em brancos ou aqueles de origem asiática, em pessoas com maior escolaridade e entre os moradores das macrorregiões Sul e Sudeste do país. Conclusão: A importância do conhecimento da dislipidemia no atual contexto epidemiológico brasileiro deve ser ressaltada para orientar as ações de prevenção das doenças coronarianas, que representam a primeira causa de óbito no Brasil e no mundo.

Abstract Background: Data on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Brazil are scarce, with surveys available only for some towns. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of the self-reported medical diagnosis of high cholesterol in the Brazilian adult population by use of the 2013 National Health Survey data. Methods: Descriptive study assessing the 2013 National Health Survey data, a household-based epidemiological survey with a nationally representative sample and self-reported information. The sample consisted of 60,202 individuals who reported a medical diagnosis of dyslipidemia. The point prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the medical diagnosis of high cholesterol/triglyceride by gender, age, race/ethnicity, geographic region and educational level were calculated. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated. Results: Of the 60,202 participants, 14.3% (95%CI=13.7-14.8) never had their cholesterol or triglyceride levels tested, but a higher frequency of women, white individuals, elderly and those with higher educational level had their cholesterol levels tested within the last year. The prevalence of the medical diagnosis of high cholesterol was 12.5% (9.7% in men and 15.1% in women), and women had 60% higher probability of a diagnosis of high cholesterol than men. The frequency of the medical diagnosis of high cholesterol increased up to the age of 59 years, being higher in white individuals or those of Asian heritage, in those with higher educational level and in residents of the Southern and Southeastern regions. Conclusion: The importance of dyslipidemia awareness in the present Brazilian epidemiological context must be emphasized to guide actions to control and prevent coronary heart disease, the leading cause of death in Brazil and worldwide.

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170055 5316 downloads

Ecophysiological leaf traits of native and exotic palm tree species under semi-arid conditions
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Oliveira, Deborah

; Medeiros, Maria

; Pereira, Silvia

; Oliveira, Marciel

; Frosi, Gabriella

; Arruda, Emília

; Santos, Mauro

Bragantia

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jun 2016, Volume 75 N. 2 Pages 128 - 134

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of two palm species under semi-arid conditions during the rainy and dry periods: the semi-arid native Syagrus coronata and a native to tropical America, Acrocomia aculeata. The leaf water potential, gas exchange, leaf soluble sugars, starch, free amino acids, total soluble protein content and morphological traits were measured. The highest leaf water potential and CO2 assimilation values in both species were achieved during the rainy period. In response to the low soil moisture content during the dry period, gas exchange decreased 72 and 92% in S. coronata and A. aculeata, respectively, when compared with values from rainy period. As evergreen plants, both species maintained intact leaf photosynthetic pigment contents during the rainy and dry periods. Other important traits for drought tolerance are larger adaxial surface hypoderm and cuticle found in both species with higher stomatal density on the abaxial leaf surface. When comparing the species, S. coronata exhibited lower sensitivity to low water availability, showing higher CO2assimilation and water use efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.364 5388 downloads

10.

Niobium(V) chloride as catalyst in Diels-Alder reaction of furan ring
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Santos, Deborah A. dos

; Rodrigues, Ludmila R.

; Arpini, Bruno H.

; Lacerda Jr., Valdemar

; Greco, Sandro J.

; Santos, Reginaldo B. dos

; C. Neto, Álvaro

; Romão, Wanderson

; Castro, Eustaquio V. R. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2014, Volume 25 N. 5 Pages 882 - 886

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

De acordo com a literatura, a reação de Diels-Alder de furano sem uso de catalisador pode durar várias semanas e apresenta baixo rendimento devido à baixa reatividade do dieno. O uso de catalisadores ácidos de Lewis ou de altas pressões são descritos como métodos eficazes para melhorar o rendimento da reação. Este trabalho descreve nosso estudo recente sobre a utilização de pentacloreto de nióbio, como catalisador em reações de Diels-Alder entre furano e alguns dienófilos reativos, entre os quais o acrilato de metila apresentou bons rendimentos, especialmente sob temperaturas mais baixas. Outros dienófilos apresentaram rendimentos mais baixos devido a problemas, tais como a formação de produtos secundários e de elevado caráter de reversibilidade da reação.

According to the relevant literature, the Diels-Alder reaction of furan without a catalyst can last several weeks and shows a low yield due to the diene's low reactivity. The use of Lewis acid catalysts or high pressures is described as an effective method for improving the reaction yields. This paper describes our recent study on the use of niobium pentachloride as the catalyst in Diels-Alder reactions between furan and several reactive dienophiles, among which methyl acrylate showed good yields, especially at lower temperatures. Other dienophiles have shown lower yields because of problems such as byproduct formation and the high reversibility of the reaction.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20140052 2080 downloads

11.

Antiproliferative activity of methanol extracts of four species of Croton on different human cell lines
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Savietto, Jóice P.

; Furlan, Cláudia M.

; Motta, Lucimar B.

; Salatino, Maria Luiza F.

; Carvalho, João E.

; Ruiz, Ana Lucia T. G.

; Salatino, Antonio

; Santos, Déborah Yara A. C.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2013, Volume 23 N. 4 Pages 662 - 667

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Several species of Croton have been described with biological activities, mainly due to diterpenes, alkaloids and/or other secondary metabolites. These activities account for the traditional use of Croton species to treat certain diseases in South America, Asia and Western Africa. The crude methanol extracts obtained from leaves and steam bark of Croton dichrous Müll. Arg., C. erythroxyloides Baill., C. myrianthus Müll. Arg. and C. splendidus Mart. ex Colla were tested for antiproliferative activity against ten human cancer cell lines. Chemical analyses of all extracts were carried out by GC/MS and HPLC/MS/MS. The leaf extract obtained from C. erythroxyloides showed potent activity against PC-3 (prostate) and OVCAR-3 (ovary) cell lines. Lupeol is suggested to be involved in such activity. Tiliroside, an acyl-glycosilated flavonoid ubiquitous in all tested extracts, seems to play an important role in the observed moderate activity of most extracts against the leukemia K562 cell lineage.

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12.

Investigation of protective effects of Erythrina velutina extract against MMS induced damages in the root meristem cells of Allium cepa
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Silva, Deborah S. B. S.

; Barboza, Benhur

; Garcia, Anuska C. F. S.

; Oliveira, Betejane de

; Estevam, Charles S.

; A. Neto, Vitor

; Santos, Andre L. L. M.

; Dias, Antonio S.

; Scher, Ricardo

; Pantaleao, Silmara M.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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apr 2013, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 273 - 278

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Erythrina velutina Willd., Fabaceae, is a medicinal plant that can be found in the tropics and subtropics, including in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil. It is commonly used in folk medicine to treat anxiety, agitation and insomnia. E. velutina has been known to present analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, however, it is unknown if this plant present a protective effect on DNA. We assessed the antigenotoxic effect of E. velutina against the genotoxic effects induced by MMS in the root meristem cells of Allium cepa. Three concentrations of the aqueous extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/L) of this medicinal plant were used in three different types of treatment (pre-, post- and simultaneous). The effects of the extracts on the root meristem cells of A. cepa were analyzed at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. Protective effects were observed at higher concentrations in pre-treatment and in simultaneous treatment. The results suggest that E. velutina may present antigenotoxic properties and demonstrate its chemopreventive potential.

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13.

Breeding of Biomphalaria tenagophila in mass scale
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Rosa, Florence Mara

; Marques, Daisymara P. Almeida

; Maciel, Engels

; Couto, Josiane Maria

; Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah A.

; Teles, Horácio M. Santana

; Santos, João Batista dos

; Coelho, Paulo Marcos Zech

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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feb 2013, Volume 55 N. 1 Pages 39 - 44

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foi desenvolvido um método eficiente de criação em larga escala de Biomphalaria tenagophila (linhagem Taim/RS) durante o período de 2005-2010. Foi concebida uma instalação que consiste de quatro tanques de alvenaria (9,4 x 0,6 x 0,22) com fundos recobertos por uma mistura constituída de terra vermelha esterilizada e carbonato de cálcio. Foi padronizado que cada tanque de criação conteria em média 3.000 exemplares e receberia diariamente 35.000 mg de ração e alface como complemento. O desenvolvimento de um sistema de aquecimento por efeito estufa constituído de lonas escuras móveis permitiu controlar a temperatura entre 20 a 24 ºC, sistema essencial principalmente nos meses mais frios. Durante o período de 14 meses foram produzidos aproximadamente 27.000 exemplares com diâmetros superiores a 12 mm. As taxas de mortalidade dos caramujos recém-eclodidos e adultos foram de 77% e 37%, respectivamente. O acompanhamento do ritmo de crescimento de 310 B. tenagophila demonstrou que caramujos com 70 dias de idade alcançaram em média 17,0 ± 0,9 mm de diâmetro. As taxas de mortalidade e o desempenho de crescimento de caramujos do gênero B. tenagophila podem ser considerados altamente satisfatórios, comparando-se com os resultados da literatura realizados com espécies do gênero Biomphalaria em condições controladas de laboratório.

An efficient method for breeding Biomphalaria tenagophila (Taim lineage/RS) was developed over a 5-year-period (2005-2010). Special facilities were provided which consisted of four cement tanks (9.4 x 0.6 x 0.22 m), with their bottom covered with a layer of sterilized red earth and calcium carbonate. Standard measures were adopted, as follows: each tank should contain an average of 3000 specimens, and would be provided with a daily ration of 35,000 mg complemented with lettuce. A green-house effect heating system was developed which constituted of movable dark canvas covers, which allowed the temperature to be controlled between 20 - 24 ºC. This system was essential, especially during the coldest months of the year. Approximately 27,000 specimens with a diameter of 12 mm or more were produced during a 14-month-period. The mortality rates of the newly-hatched and adult snails were 77% and 37%, respectively. The follow-up of the development system related to 310 specimens of B. tenagophila demonstrated that 70-day-old snails reached an average of 17.0 ± 0.9 mm diameter. The mortality rates and the development performance of B. tenagophila snails can be considered as highly satisfactory, when compared with other results in literature related to works carried out with different species of the genus Biomphalaria, under controlled laboratory conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652013000100007 8776 downloads

14.

Constituents and antiproliferative activity of extracts from leaves of Croton macrobothrys
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Motta, Lucimar B.

; Furlan, Cláudia M.

; Santos, Deborah Y. A. C.

; Salatino, Maria L. F.

; Duarte-Almeida, Joaquim M.

; Negri, Giuseppina

; Carvalho, João E. de

; Ruiz, Ana Lúcia T. G.

; Cordeiro, Inês

; Salatino, Antonio

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2011, Volume 21 N. 6 Pages 972 - 977

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Croton macrobothrys Baill, Euphorbiaceae, is a tree from the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil, used in traditional medicine and popularly known as "dragon's blood" and "pau-sangue". Leaf n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity on cell lines 786-0 (kidney), HT-29 (colon), K562 (leukemia), NCI-ADR/RES (drug resistant ovary), NCI-H460 (lung), MCF-7 (mammary), PC-3 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovary), U251 (glioma) and UACC-62 (melanoma). The dicloromethane extract exhibited activity against all cell lines at the concentration 25 µg/mL, in particular on cell lines NCI-H460 (GI50 0.33 μg/mL) and K5662 (GI50 0.91 μg/mL). Relevant constituents in dichloromethane extract are the alkaloids corydine and salutaridine, as well as the diterpenes geranylgeraniol and crotonin-derived clerodanes.

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15.

Mercúrio total em cabelo de crianças de uma população costeira, Cananéia, São Paulo, Brasil
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Farias, Luciana A.

; Santos, Nathália Renata dos

; Favaro, Déborah I. T.

; Braga, Elisabete S.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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oct 2008, Volume 24 N. 10 Pages 2249 - 2256

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os níveis de mercúrio (Hg) total em cabelos estão diretamente relacionados à alimentação, particularmente ao consumo de peixes por populações costeiras com grande representação caiçara. No presente estudo foram avaliados os níveis de mercúrio total em cabelos de crianças com idade entre 4 e 12 anos, pertencente a três escolas públicas da cidade de Cananéia, São Paulo, Brasil. Os resultados obtidos (mediana e intervalo) para mercúrio total foram de: 0,04mg.kg-1 (0,01-0,77mg.kg-1), 0,39mg.kg-1 (< 0,01-3,33mg.kg-1) e 0,39mg.kg-1 (< 0,01-2,81mg.kg-1) considerando as escolas ES1, ES2 e ES3, respectivamente. Em geral, os valores encontrados estiveram bem abaixo do valor preconizado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para uma população adulta não exposta ao mercúrio (2,0mg.kg-1). Os baixos valores observados e a inexistência de valores de referência para mercúrio total em cabelos de crianças brasileiras possibilitam a consideração desses valores como possível referência nacional em cabelos de populações costeiras, uma vez que foram obtidos em região de baixo impacto ambiental.

Mercury (Hg) levels in hair are directly related to eating habits, especially fish consumption by coastal populations with a large contingent of traditional fishing families. This study assessed total Hg levels in children's hair. The study group was selected from three public elementary schools in Cananéia, São Paulo State, Brazil (ages 4 to 12 years). The results (median and range) for total Hg levels in children's hair were: 0.04mg.kg-1 (0.01-0.77mg.kg-1), 0.39mg.kg-1 (< 0.01-3.33mg.kg-1), and 0.39mg.kg-1 (< 0.01-2.81mg.kg-1) for schools ES1, ES2, and ES3, respectively. The values were well below the level set by World Health Organization for an adult population unexposed to Hg (2.0mg.kg-1). However, since there are no existing reference values for total Hg in children's hair, these results can be used as a contribution to establishing reference values for total hair Hg in Brazilian children living in coastal areas.

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