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Abstract Few long-term studies assess the discoloration induced by hydraulic calcium silicate-based cement on dental structures. In addition, as far as we know, no long-term study has assessed the discoloration induced by these cement on composite resin. Objective This in vitro study aimed to assess, during a period of two years, the discoloration potential of different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (hCSCs) on the enamel/dentin structure and composite resin restoration. Methodology A total of 40 enamel/dentin discs were obtained from bovine incisors, and 40 composite resin discs (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm thick) were fabricated. A 0.8 mm-deep cavity was made in the center of each disc and filled with the following hCSCs (n=10): Original MTA (Angelus); MTA Repair HP (Angelus); NeoMTA Plus (Avalon); and Biodentine (Septodont). An initial color measurement was performed (T0 - baseline). After 7, 15, 30, 45, 90, 300 days, and two years, new color measurements were performed to determine the color (ΔE00), lightness (ΔL’), chroma (ΔC’), hue differences (ΔH’), and whiteness index (WID). Results For enamel/dentin, the ΔE00 was significant among groups and periods (p<0.05). NeoMTA Plus had the greatest ΔE00. The NeoMTA Plus group had the greatest ΔE00 after two years for composite resin. Significant reduction in lightness was observed for all groups after two years (p<0.05). The most significant WID values were observed after 30 days for Biodentine (enamel/dentin) and MTA Repair HP groups (composite resin) (p<0.05). Conclusions The hCSCs changed the colorimetric behavior of both substrates, leading to greater darkening over time. The Bi2O3 in the Original MTA seems relevant in the short periods of color change assessment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0444

Deslocamento espontâneo do núcleo do cristalino para câmara anterior
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Ferreira, Kauê Marques

; Miyazi, Mariana

; Magalhães, Ana Luísa Prado

; Araújo Filho, José Laércio de

; Soares, Paula Virginia Brom dos Santos

; Moscovici, Bernardo Kaplan

Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia

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2023, Volume 82 elocation e0050

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Throughout life, the lens produces new fibers arranged concentrically, which increase its anteroposterior diameter and weight, making its nucleus more compact and hardened. Hypermature cataract is an advanced stage of this fiber proliferation, which can trigger a variety of complications. Spontaneous rupture of the anterior lens capsule evolving with anterior displacement of the nucleus is a rare complication, with few cases published in the literature. We describe the case of a 68-year-old female patient, who presented spontaneous rupture of the anterior lens capsule with anterior displacement of the nucleus in the left eye, without a history of ocular trauma. The patient underwent phacoemulsification and clinical control of intraocular pressure, improving her condition.

RESUMO Ao longo da vida, o cristalino produz novas fibras dispostas de forma concêntrica, que aumentam seu diâmetro anteroposterior e peso, tornando seu núcleo mais compacto e endurecido. A catarata hipermadura é uma forma de progressão avançada dessa proliferação de fibras, que pode desencadear uma variedade de complicações. A ruptura espontânea da cápsula anterior do cristalino, evoluindo com deslocamento anterior do núcleo, é uma complicação rara e com poucos casos publicados na literatura. Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 68 anos, que apresentou ruptura espontânea da cápsula anterior do cristalino com deslocamento anterior do núcleo em olho esquerdo sem histórico de trauma ocular. A paciente foi submetida à facoemulsificação do cristalino e ao controle da pressão intraocular, evoluindo com melhora do quadro clínico.

https://doi.org/10.37039/1982.8551.20230050

Trypanocidal Activity and Increased Solubility of Benznidazole Incorporated in PEG 4000 and Its Derivatives
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Sousa, Lucas R. D.

; Azevedo, Maria Luíza S.

; Rocha, Dayana F.

; Andrade, Ângela L.

; Amparo, Tatiane R.

; Santos, Orlando D. H. dos

; Seibert, Janaína B.

; Pereira, Luciano R.

; Vieira, Paula M. A.

; Carneiro, Cláudia M.

; Barboza, Ana Paula M.

; Neves, Bernardo R. A.

; Sales Jr., Policarpo A.

; Murta, Silvane M. F.

; Novack, Kátia M.

; Santos, Viviane M. R. dos

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2021, Volume 32 N. 6 Pages 1162 - 1172

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Selecting a polymer depends on its characteristics, the properties of the drug and of the remaining ingredients in the formulation. The drug, when incorporated into a polymeric matrix, can show several advantages when compared with its conventional form. In this context, this work describes the preparation and characterization of polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) and its derivative particles loaded with benznidazole, as well as evaluates their trypanocidal activity. In this work, reactions to modify the PEG 4000 polymer and the subsequent incorporation of the benznidazole were made. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis confirmed the efficiency in modifying the PEG chains. The morphology of polymeric films was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and showed considerable changes on the film organization. The acetylation of PEG favored the stability of the system and an increase in the zeta potential from ?14.83 to ?25.54 mV was observed. Although encapsulation efficiency values between 30.14 and 39.48% were found, the enhanced benznidazole dissolution profile by microparticles enables the use of lower drug concentrations. This fact can be proven by the increased trypanocidal effect of benznidazole when encapsulated in BP3 microparticles. Finally, the high selectivity of the formulations for trypanocidal action guarantees their safety as an alternative for the treatment of the Chagas disease.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210017 96 downloads

Transition to adulthood in Latin America: 1960s-2010s
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Santos, Matheus Menezes dos

; Queiroz, Bernardo Lanza

; Verona, Ana Paula de Andrade

Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População

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2021, Volume 38 elocation e0161

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo A transição para a vida adulta é um tema pouco explorado de forma multidimensional na América Latina. Este artigo busca descrever e caracterizar o processo de mudança na transição de homens e mulheres na região, entre 1960 e 2010. Utilizando dados censitários fornecidos pela plataforma IPUMS para 15 países latino-americanos, foram calculadas as idades médias na transição para a vida adulta, no ingresso no mercado de trabalho, na primeira união e no nascimento do primeiro filho. Conclui-se que houve um processo de postergação da transição para a vida adulta, porém, foi muito mais forte para os homens do que para as mulheres, o que pode ser atribuído aos acontecimentos ligados à transição de cada grupo. Com esses resultados, esperamos encorajar mais investigações sobre a transição para a vida adulta na América Latina.

Abstract Multidimensional discussion about transition to adulthood is an incipient theme in Latin America. This paper seeks to describe and characterize the process of change in the transition of men and women in the region between the 1960s and 2010's. Using census data from IPUMS-International for 15 Latin American countries, we calculate the mean ages at transition to adulthood, at entering the labor market, at first union, and at first birth. We concluded there was a process of postponing transition to adulthood, although much stronger for males than for females, which we attribute to the events linked to the transition of each group. With these results, we hope to encourage further research into transition to adulthood in Latin America.

Resumen La transición a la adultez es un tema poco explorado de manera multidimensional en América Latina. Este artículo busca describir y caracterizar el proceso de cambio en la transición de hombres y mujeres en la región entre las décadas de 1960 y 2010. Utilizando datos censales proporcionados por la plataforma IPUMS para 15 países de América Latina, calculamos las edades medias en la transición a la edad adulta, entrada al mercado laboral, primera unión y primer nacimiento. Concluimos que hubo un proceso de postergación de la transición a la adultez que fue mucho más fuerte para los hombres que para las mujeres, lo que atribuimos a los hechos relacionados con la transición de cada grupo. Con estos resultados esperamos impulsar nuevas investigaciones sobre la transición a la vida adulta en América Latina.

https://doi.org/10.20947/s0102-3098a0161

The polymorphic inheritance of DIO2 rs225014 may predict body weight variation after Graves’ disease treatment
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Comarella, Ana Paula

; Vilagellin, Danilo

; Bufalo, Natassia Elena

; Euflauzino, Jessica Ferreira

; Teixeira, Elisangela de Souza

; Miklos, Ana Beatriz Pinotti Pedro

; Santos, Roberto Bernardo dos

; Romaldini, João H.

; Ward, Laura S.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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dec 2020, Volume 64 N. 6 Pages 787 - 795

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of DIO2 polymorphisms rs225014 and rs12885300 in Graves’ disease patients, mainly for controlling body weight following treatment. Subjects and methods: We genotyped 280 GD patients by the time of diagnosis and 297 healthy control individuals using a TaqMan SNP Genotyping technique. We followed up 141 patients for 18.94 ± 6.59 months after treatment. Results: There was no relationship between the investigated polymorphisms with susceptibility to GD and gain or loss of weight after GD treatment. However, the polymorphic inheritance (CC+CT genotype) of DIO2 rs225014 was associated with a lower body weight variation after GD treatment (4.26 ± 6.25 kg) when compared to wild type TT genotype (6.34 ± 7.26 kg; p = 0.0456 adjusted for the follow-up time). This data was confirmed by a multivariate analysis (p = 0.0138) along with a longer follow-up period (p = 0.0228), older age (p = 0.0306), treatment with radioiodine (p-value = 0.0080) and polymorphic inheritance of DIO2 rs12885300 (p = 0.0306). Conclusion: We suggest that DIO2 rs225014 genotyping may have an auxiliary role in predicting the post-treatment weight behavior of GD patients.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000295 778 downloads

Novel PEG 4000 derivatives and its use in controlled release of drug indomethacin
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Nascimento, Lúbia G.

; Lopes, Suellen A.

; Teodolino, Ayron B. L.

; Novack, Kátia M.

; Barboza, Ana Paula M.

; Neves, Bernardo R. A.

; Azevedo, Maria Luiza S.

; Sousa, Lucas R. D.

; Santos, Viviane M. R. dos

Química Nova

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jun 2020, Volume 43 N. 6 Pages 685 - 691

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The insertion of functional groups in polymer compounds may facilitate their interaction with different drugs. PEG polymers are widely used for their low melting point, low toxicity, drug compatibility, and hydrophilicity. They are used as pharmaceutical excipients for the formulation of conventional or modified released drugs and are designed to be upgraded as drug-modulating controllers at specific sites in the body. Indomethacin has been used in the controlled release of drugs because it is a drug that have good interaction with different polymers. The drug is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondylitis, and other disorders. In this work, PEG 4000 had its chain modified by organic reactions and their derivatives were emulsified to form microparticles using polyvinyl alcohol as an emulsifier. Posteriorly were also incorporated with indomethacin. The samples were characterized to prove the influence of indomethacin on the morphology and thermal behavior of this polymer. The controlled release was performed in the time from 0 to 240 min using the Ultraviolet Spectroscopy to quantify indomethacin released from the polymer matrix for these 4 hours. Releases over the time were satisfactory as concentrations increased over time, which we can conclude that the structural modification of PEG 4000 was beneficial in the release of the indomethacin drug.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170537 548 downloads

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Graft- versus -host disease
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Pereira, Andréa Z

; Vigorito, Afonso Celso

; Almeida, Alessandro de Moura

; Candolo, Alexandre de Almeida

; Silva, Ana Carolina Leão

; Brandão-Anjos, Ana Elisa de Paula

; Sá, Bianca Laselva de

; Souza, Catarina Lôbo Santos de

; Castro Junior, Cláudio Galvão de

; Oliveira, José Salvador Rodrigues de

; Barban, Juliana Bernardo

; Mancilha, Elaine Maria Borges

; Todaro, Juliana

; Lopes, Lilian Pinheiro

; Macedo, Maria Cristina Martins de Almeida

; Rodrigues, Morgani

; Ribeiro, Paulo Cesar

; Silva, Roberto Luiz da

; Roberto, Telma Sigolo

; Rodrigues, Thays de Cássia Ruiz

; Colturato, Vergilio Antonio Rensi

; Paton, Eduardo José de Alencar

; Barros, George Maurício Navarro

; Almeida, Rosana Ducatti Souza

; Moreira, Maria Claudia Rodrigues

; Flowers, Mary Evelyn

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volume 18 elocation eAE4799

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O Consenso Brasileiro de Nutrição no Transplante de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas: doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro foi aprovado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea, com a participação de 26 centros brasileiros de transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O Consenso descreve as principais condutas nutricionais em casos de doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro, a principal complicação do transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas.

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Consensus on Nutrition in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Graft- versus -host disease was approved by Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea , with the participation of 26 Brazilian hematopoietic stem cell transplantation centers. It describes the main nutritional protocols in cases of Graft- versus -host disease, the main complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ae4799 1552 downloads

Effect of Using Triclosan-Impregnated Polyglactin Suture to Prevent Infection of Saphenectomy Wounds in CABG: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial
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Santos Filho, Paulo Samuel

; Santos, Marisa

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Pragana, Andrea Nunes de Souza

; Correia, Marcelo Goulart

; Simões, Heloisa Helena

; Rocha, Fernando Alves

; Soggia, Maria Eduarda de Vasconcelos

; Santos, Ana Paula Malta Samuel

; Coutinho, Annie de Azeredo

; Figueira, Matheus Swarovsky

; Tura, Bernardo Rangel

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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oct 2019, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 588 - 595

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of triclosan-coated suture for the reduction of infection in saphenectomy wounds of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: A total of 508 patients who underwent saphenectomy in CABG surgery were included in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial from February/2011 to June/2014. Patients were randomized into the triclosan-coated suture group (n= 251) and the conventional non-antibiotic suture group (n=257). Demographic (gender and age), clinical (body mass index, diabetes, and use of analgesics), and intraoperative (cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamp times) variables and those related to the saphenectomy wound (pain, dehiscence, erythema, infection, necrosis, and hyperthermia) were measured and analyzed. Results: Of the 508 patients who underwent saphenectomy, 69.9% were males and 40.2% were diabetic. Thirty-three (6.5%) patients presented infection: 13 (5.3%) with triclosan and 20 (7.9%) with conventional suture (P=0.281). Among diabetic patients (n=204), triclosan suture was used in 45.1% with four cases of infection; conventional suture was used in 54.9% of them, with 11 cases of infection. Most patients (94.3%) underwent on-pump CABG. Wound pain was observed in 9.9% of patients with triclosan-coated suture and in 17.9% with conventional suture (P=0.011). Wound hyperthermia was found in 1.6% of patients with triclosan-coated suture and in 5.4% of those with conventional suture (P=0.028). Conclusion: Triclosan-coated suture shows lower infection rate in saphenectomy of patients undergoing CABG, although the differences were not statistically significant. Pain and wound hyperthermia were less frequent in patients with triclosan-coated sutures compared with conventional sutures.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2019-0048 493 downloads

10.

Prepartum progestagen supplementation in swine: a strategy to facilitate piglet care and prevent early parturition
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Haas, Cristina Sangoi

; Santos, Monike Quirino dos

; Rovani, Monique Tomazele

; Santos, Joabel Tonellotto dos

; Mellagi, Ana Paula Gonçalves

; Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo

; Gasperin, Bernardo Garziera

; Gonçalves, Paulo Bayard Dias

Ciência Rural

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nov 2017, Volume 47 N. 11 elocation e20170380

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Como a duração da gestação de suínos pode ter ampla variação, é comum a ocorrência de partos antecipados ou gestações prolongadas. Isso aumenta as chances de partos sem assistência e leva a uma grande variação de idade dos leitões dentro do lote de produção. Portanto, a supervisão do parto é indispensável para reduzir as perdas neonatais. Para facilitar o auxílio aos leitões, a indução do parto com prostaglandina F2α (PGF) é eficaz e amplamente utilizada, sendo indicada para concentrar os partos em momentos mais adequados, preferencialmente durante o horário com maior disponibilidade de colaboradores. Uma alternativa viável é manipular o momento do parto, através da manutenção de níveis plasmáticos elevados de progestágeno durante o final da gestação, a fim de evitar partos antecipados. Formas eficientes de evitar o parto através de suplementação oral de progestágenos foram descritas há décadas, mas apenas recentemente tem sido cogitada a utilização comercial. A presente revisão aborda estudos disponíveis na literatura relacionados ao protelamento do parto, incluindo a utilização de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs) impregnados com progestágeno. São poucos os dados disponíveis relacionados ao uso de progestágenos na gestação com índices produtivos e reprodutivos. Portanto, alguns pontos ainda devem ser melhor avaliados, especialmente com relação à determinação da sincronia dos partos após o fim da suplementação com progestágenos, à viabilidade dos neonatos e à fertilidade subsequente das fêmeas antes da ampla adoção desta técnica.

ABSTRACT: Gestation length in swine has a considerable amplitude and both early and delayed parturition are common. This variation increases the occurrence of unassisted farrowing and could lead to a wide-ranging age at weaning for piglets born from one batch. Supervision of sow parturition is crucial to reduce mortality of neonate piglets. To facilitate assistance, induction of farrowing using prostaglandin F2α (PGF) has been widely used in batch farrowing systems, whereby synchronization would concentrate the time of farrowing, allowing for better organization of employees. However, a viable alternative method that can be implemented to manage farrowing is to sustain high progestagen levels in the final days of gestation and, consequently, prevent early parturition. Efficient techniques to delay farrowing such as using oral progestagen supplementation have been previously described, but are only recently being considered for commercial use. The present manuscript reviews publications regarding delaying parturition and discusses the use of intravaginal devices (IVDs) containing progestagen. There is limited data addressing the effect of progestagen treatment during gestation on productive and reproductive performance. Therefore, future studies should focus on improving synchronization protocols following progestagen supplementation and evaluating piglet viability and sow fertility, before widely using progestagen supplementation to manipulate parturition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170380 1735 downloads

11.

Self-care in heart failure patients
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Conceição, Ana Paula da

; Santos, Mariana Alvina dos

; Santos, Bernardo dos

; Cruz, Diná de Almeida Lopes Monteiro da

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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aug 2015, Volume 23 N. 4 Pages 578 - 586

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ResumoObjetivo:descrever o comportamento de autocuidado e seus fatores associados em amostra de pacientes brasileiros com insuficiência cardíaca.Método:estudo transversal descritivo, com amostra não probabilística de 116 pacientes ambulatoriais em tratamento para a insuficiência cardíaca. O autocuidado foi avaliado pela Self-Care of Heart Failure Index v 6.2, (escores ≥70 pontos=autocuidado adequado). Aplicados testes de associação, adotando-se um nível descritivo de 0,05.Resultados:a idade média dos participantes era de 57,7 (desvio-padrão=11,3) anos; 54,3% homens; escolaridade média de 5,5 (desvio-padrão=4,0) anos de estudo e 74,1% em classe funcional II-III. As médias dos escores nas subescalas da Self-Care of Heart Failure Index v 6.2, indicaram autocuidado inadequado (manutenção do autocuidado: 53,2 (desviopadrão=14,3), manejo do autocuidado: 50,0 (desvio-padrão=20,3) e confiança do autocuidado: 52,6 (desvio-padrão=22,7)), assim como foram baixas as frequências de participantes com autocuidado adequado (manutenção do autocuidado (6,9%), manejo do autocuidado (14,7%) e confiança do autocuidado (19%). Escores mais elevados do Self-Care of Heart Failure Index, v.6, foram associados com: fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda menor (p=0,001), maior tempo de experiência com a doença (p=0,05) e acompanhamento conjunto do profissional médico e enfermeiro (p=0,007).Conclusão:são necessários investimentos para melhorar o comportamento de autocuidado e a enfermagem pode ter papel relevante nessa melhora.

AbstractObjective: to describe self-care behavior and its associated factors in a sample of heart failure Brazilian patients.Method: descriptive cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic sample of 116 ambulatory patients undergoing heart failure treatment. Self-care was evaluated using the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index, (scores ≥70 points=appropriate self-care). Association tests were applied, considering a descriptive level of 0.05.Results: the mean age of participants was 57.7 (SD =11.3) years; 54.3% were male; the mean schooling was 5.5 (SD = 4.0) years; and 74.1% had functional class II-III. The mean scores on the subscales of the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index indicated inappropriate self-care (self-care maintenance: 53.2 (SD =14.3), selfcare management: 50.0 (SD = 20.3) and self-care confidence: 52.6 (SD=22.7)) and it was found low frequencies of participants with appropriate self-care (self-care maintenance, 6.9%), self-care management (14.7%) and self-care confidence (19%). Higher scores of the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index were associated with: reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.001), longer time of experience with the disease (p=0.05) and joint monitoring by physician and nurse (p=0.007).Conclusion: investments are needed to improve the self-care behavior and the nursing can play a relevant role in this improvement.

ResumenObjetivo:describir el comportamiento de autocuidado y sus factores asociados en una muestra de pacientes brasileños con insuficiencia cardíaca.Método:estudio transversal descriptivo, con muestra no probabilística de 116 pacientes ambulatorios en tratamiento para la insuficiencia cardíaca. El autocuidado se evaluó por la Self-Care of Heart Failure Index, (puntuaciones ≥70 puntos=autocuidado adecuado). Se aplicaron pruebas de asociación, con un nivel descriptivo de 0,05.Resultados:la edad media de los participantes fue de 57,7 (desviación estándar=11,3) años; 54,3% hombres; escolaridad media de 5,5 (desviación estándar=4,0) años de estudio y 74,1% en clase funcional II-III. Las medias de las puntuaciones en las subscalas de la SelfCare of Heart Failure Index, indicaron autocuidado inadecuado (mantenimiento del autocuidado: 53,2 (desviación estándar=14,3), gestión del autocuidado: 50,0 (desviación estándar=20,3) y confianza del autocuidado: 52,6 (desviación estándar=22.7)) y bajas frecuencias de participantes con autocuidado adecuado (mantenimiento del autocuidado (6,9%), gestión del autocuidado (14,7%) y confianza del autocuidado (19%). Las puntuaciones más altas de la Self-Care of Heart Failure Index se asociaron con: fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda reducida (p=0,001), más larga experiencia con la enfermedad (p=0,05) y acompañamiento conjunto del profesional médico y enfermero (p=0,007).Conclusión:se necesitan inversiones para mejorar la conducta de autocuidado y la enfermería puede desempeñar un papel relevante en esta mejora.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0288.2591 12708 downloads

12.

Self-care in heart failure patients
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Conceição, Ana Paula da

; Santos, Mariana Alvina dos

; Santos, Bernardo dos

; Cruz, Diná de Almeida Lopes Monteiro da

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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aug 2015, Volume 23 N. 4 Pages 578 - 586

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0288.2591 4 downloads

13.

O uso de aparelhos de micro-ondas domésticos em aulas experimentais de química orgânica: nitração de salicilaldeído
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Teixeira, Eurídes Francisco

; Santos, Ana Paula Bernardo dos

; Bastos, Renato Saldanha

; Pinto, Angelo C.

; Kümmerle, Arthur Eugen

; Coelho, Roberto Rodrigues

Química Nova

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2010, Volume 33 N. 7 Pages 1603 - 1606

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The use of microwave in chemistry has known benefits over conventional heating methods, e.g. reduced reaction times, chemical yield improvement and the possibility if reducing or eliminating the use of organic solvents. We describe herein a procedure for the nitration of salicylaldehyde in water using a domestic microwave oven, which can be used as an experiment in the undergraduate chemistry laboratory. The experiment involves safe and rapid preparation and identification of the position isomers by thin layer chromatography and 1H NMR, or by their melting points.

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14.

Oxidação do borneol à cânfora com água sanitária - um experimento simples, de baixo custo e limpo
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Santos, Ana Paula Bernardo dos

; Gonçalves, Idila Rafaela Carvalho

; Pais, Karla Ceodaro

; Martinez, Sabrina Teixeira

; Lachter, Elizabeth Roditi

; Pinto, Angelo C.

Química Nova

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2009, Volume 32 N. 6 Pages 1667 - 1669

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Regulatory pressure is increasingly focusing on the use and disposal of substances hazardous to human health and environment. In the last years efforts have also been made to introduce green chemistry concepts in undergraduate courses. In this paper we present an experiment on the oxidation reaction of borneol to camphor with bleach in acetone. This experiment is important to show undergraduate students that a cheap and non hazardous commercial product can be a useful oxidation agent of alcohols.

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15.

Association between stress and breast cancer in women: a meta-analysis
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Santos, Míria Conceição Lavinas

; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

; Amaral, João Joaquim Freitas do

; Fernandes, Paula Frassinetti Castelo Branco Camurça

; Galvão, Cristina Maria

; Fernandes, Ana Fátima Carvalho

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2009, Volume 25 Suppl. 3 Pages S453 - S463

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo da presente metanálise foi verificar a associação de eventos de vida produtores de estresse com a incidência primária do câncer de mama entre as mulheres. Foram encontrados 618 estudos nas bases PubMed, LILACS e Biblioteca Cochrane Library, no período de 1982-2007. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pelos critérios de Downs & Black. Foram selecionados oito estudos, sendo seis caso-controle e dois de coorte. Os estudos foram agrupados em três análises, duas em virtude das categorias viuvez e divórcio, e uma considerando a intensidade autopercebida e freqüência de eventos. O risco relativo em relação à viuvez foi 1,04 (IC95%: 0,75-1,44; p = 0,800); ao divórcio foi 1,03 (IC95%: 0,72-1,48; p = 0,850), e em relação ao grau intensidade/freqüência de estresse foi 1,73 (IC95%: 0,98-3,05; p = 0,059). Concluímos que os eventos de vida produtores de estresse não têm associação de risco com câncer de mama feminino. O estresse de alta intensidade não permite eliminar a possibilidade de associação de risco para o câncer de mama.

The objective of the current meta-analysis was to verify the association between stressful life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women. A total of 618 studies from 1982-2007 were found in the PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases. Methodological quality was evaluated according to the Downs & Black criteria. Eight studies were selected (six case-controls and two cohorts). The studies were grouped in three analyses, two of which based on the categories widowhood and divorce and the other based on self-rated intensity and frequency of stressful events. Relative risks were: widowhood 1.04 (95%CI: 0.75-1.44; p = 0.800); divorce 1.03 (95%: 0.72-1.48; p = 0.850); and intensity/frequency of stress 1.73 (95%CI: 0.98-3.05; p = 0.059). We conclude that stressful life events as a whole are not associated with risk of breast cancer in women. However, it is not possible to rule out high-intensity stress as a risk factor for breast cancer.

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