SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The breasts are symbols of femininity, sexuality, and maternity. Breast augmentation is among the most sought-after procedures for women and has a positive impact on quality of life. Sexuality is one of the items that contribute to increased quality of life. Surgical outcomes can be evaluated from the patients’ perspective using developed and validated questionnaires. For the assessment of sexuality, the most commonly used instruments are the Female Sexual Quotient and the Female Sexual Function Index, which estimate several domains of sexuality and can be used to evaluate the impact of surgery on it. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of breast augmentation on female sexuality. METHODS: We selected 87 patients from the Plastic Surgery Outpatient Clinic of Hospital São Paulo (Federal University of São Paulo) who wished to undergo breast augmentation. The patients were classified into two groups: the Female Sexual Quotient questionnaire was applied to one group, and the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire was applied to the other group to evaluate sexuality preoperatively as well as at 2 and 4 months postoperatively. RESULTS: In both groups, there was a significant increase in the total score of the Female Sexual Quotient and Female Sexual Function Index questionnaires, and an individual increase in each domain assessed, with a significant increase in the domains of orgasm and sexual satisfaction, as well as foreplay and arousal, indicating an improvement in the patients’ sexuality postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Breast augmentation has a positive impact on female sexuality; furthermore, the Female Sexual Quotient and Female Sexual Function Index are sensitive in detecting this impact.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to translate the BREAST-Q© — Breast Reconstruction Expectations Module (preoperative) 2.0 into Portuguese and adapt it to the Brazilian cultural context. METHODS: Authorization for translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was obtained from the holders of the instrument's distribution rights. The questionnaire was translated and retro-translated. For cultural adaptation, the instrument was applied to 40 patients who had breast reconstruction surgery scheduled. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.5 years, and the majority (72.5%) was undergoing reconstruction with implants. Good and excellent internal consistencies were observed for the Coping and Appearance expectations scales (Cronbach's alpha values of 0.878 and 0.909, respectively). For the Pain scale, the internal consistency was moderate (0.738), and it was acceptable (0.587) for the Medical team. CONCLUSION: The BREAST-Q© — Breast Reconstruction Expectations Module (preoperative) 2.0 was successfully translated and adapted to the Brazilian context.

ABSTRACT Abietane diterpenoids are naturally occurring plant metabolites with a broad spectrum of biological effects including antibacterial, antileishmanial, antitumor, antioxidant, as well as antiinflammatory activities. Recently, we found that some analogues of natural ferruginol ( 2 ) actively inhibited dengue virus 2 (DENV-2) replication. Due to the similarity with DENV, we envisaged that abietane diterpenoids would also be active against Zika virus (ZIKV). Six selected semi-synthetic abietane derivatives of (+)-dehydroabietylamine ( 3 ) were tested. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay in Vero cells. In vitro anti-ZIKV (clinical isolate, IMT17) activity was evaluated by plaque assay. Interestingly, these molecules showed potential as anti-ZIKV agents, with EC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 18.57 µM, and cytotoxicity (CC50 values) from 2.56 to 35.09 µM. The 18-Oxoferruginol (8) (EC50 = 2.60 µM, SI = 13.51) and 12-nitro-N-benzoyldehydroabietylamine (9) (EC50= 0.67 µM, SI = 3.82) were the most active compounds, followed by 12-hydroxy-N-tosyldehydroabietylamine ( 7 ) (EC50 = 3.58 µM, SI = 3.20) and 12-hydroxy-N,N-phthaloyldehydroabietylamine ( 5 ) (EC50 = 7.76 µM, SI = 1.23). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on anti-Zika virus properties of abietanes.

Abstract Purpose: To compare JPEG and RAW image file extensions to direct measurement of the breast region. Methods: Points were marked on the breasts and arms of 40 female volunteers. The joining of these points in each hemibody formed seven linear segments, one angular segment and one median segment common to both hemibodies. Volunteers were photographed in a standardized fashion and evaluated by three raters using the software Adobe Photoshop CS6® and three image file extensions (RAW, high resolution JPEG and low resolution JPEG); values were compared to direct anthropometry. Results: All variables had interclass correlation coefficient higher than 0.8 (ICC>0.8). On average, all variables in all methods showed differences (p<0.05) when compared to direct measurement. A formula was created for each segment and each image file extension in comparison with the direct measurement. Conclusion: Measurements were similar among the correlated JPEG and RAW image file extensions but differed from the actual breast measurement obtained with a caliper.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Accurate female breast measurements are difficult due to the topography, volume, and projections present there. Therefore, this study aimed to compare breast region measurements obtained by direct (tape measurement) and indirect (computer-based photogrammetry) anthropometry. Methods: This is a transversal study. Forty women were evaluated, aged 18-60 years, body mass index of <29.2kg/m2 that had 12 anatomical marks on the breast region and arms. These points’ union formed 7 linear segments and 1 angle for each hemibody, and 1 segment common to both hemibodies. The photographs obtained in a standardized way were measured using computer-based photogrammetry with Image ToolTM software. The same segments were also measured by direct anthropometry, using a tape measure. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess whether each variable was normally distributed. The Pearson correlation test was applied to evaluate the correlation between different methods: the direct (tape measurement) and indirect (photogrammetry by Image ToolTM) anthropometry. The significance level adopted for statistical tests was 5% (p&lt;0,05). Results: Significant differences were found in the comparisons between the tape measurement and computer-based photogrammetry for all segments analyzed (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between the breast measurements obtained by direct (tape measurement) and indirect (photogrammetry by Image ToolTM software) anthropometry, especially the papilla measures.

RESUMO Introdução: As medidas precisas dos seios femininos são difíceis de obter devido à topografia, volume e projeções presentes. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo comparar medidas da região mamária obtidas por antropometria direta (fita métrica) e indireta (fotogrametria computadorizada). Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal. Foram avaliadas 40 mulheres, com idades entre 18 e 60 anos, índice de massa corporal <29,2 kg / m2, que tinham 12 marcas anatômicas na região das mamas e braços. A união desses pontos formou 7 segmentos lineares e 1 ângulo para cada hemicorpo, e 1 segmento comum a ambos os hemicorpos. As fotografias obtidas de forma padronizada foram mensuradas por fotogrametria computadorizada com o software Image Tool®. Os mesmos segmentos também foram medidos por antropometria direta, com fita métrica. O teste de Shapiro-Wilk foi usado para avaliar se cada variável tinha uma distribuição normal. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi aplicado para avaliar a correlação entre os diferentes métodos: antropometria direta (medição com fita) e indireta (fotogrametria por Image Tool®). O nível de significância adotado para os testes estatísticos foi de 5% (p <0,05). Resultados: Diferenças significativas foram encontradas nas comparações entre a fita métrica e a fotogrametria computadorizada para todos os segmentos analisados (p> 0,05). Conclusão: Existe correlação entre as medidas dos seios da face obtidas pela antropometria direta (medição com fita métrica) e indireta (fotogrametria pelo software Image Tool®), principalmente nas medidas da papila.

Abstract This paper describes the design of the 2017 RedICA: Text-Image Matching (RICATIM) challenge, including the dataset generation, a complete analysis of results, and the descriptions of the top-ranked developed methods. The academic challenge explores the feasibility of a novel binary image classification scenario, where each instance corresponds to the concatenation of learned representations of an image and a word. Instances are labeled as positive if the word is relevant for describing the visual content of the image, and negative otherwise. This novel approach of the image classification problem poses an alternative scenario where any text-image pair can be represented in such space, so any word could be considered for describing an image. The proposed methods are diverse and competitive, showing considerable improvements over the proposed baselines.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of breast reconstruction after mastectomy on sexual function, body image, and depression. METHODS: This cross-sectional, comparative, controlled study was conducted with 90 women between 18 and 65 years of age who had undergone either mastectomy alone (mastectomy group, n=30) or mastectomy combined with breast reconstruction (mastectomy-reconstruction group, n=30) at least one year prior to the study or who had no breast cancer (control group, n=30). Patients were assessed for sexual function, depression, and body image using the validated Brazilian-Portuguese versions of the Female Sexual Function Index, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination, respectively. RESULTS: The three groups were homogeneous for age, marital status, body mass index, and education level. The women in the mastectomy group reported significantly worse sexual function, greater depressive symptoms, and lower body image than those in the mastectomy-reconstruction and control groups. In the mastectomy group, the frequency of sexual dysfunction was significantly greater among patients without a marital partner and those with a higher level of education than among patients in the other two groups with the same characteristics. CONCLUSION: Patients who had undergone breast reconstruction after mastectomy reported better sexual function and body image and fewer depressive symptoms than patients who had undergone mastectomy alone. Sexual dysfunction was associated with the absence of a marital partner and a higher level of education and was more frequent in the mastectomy group.

In the present work, the desilication of the H-ZSM-5 and H-ZSM-12 zeolites with Si/AL ratios of 28 and 56 and crystal sizes of around 200 and 600 nm, respectively, was performed. Through electron transmission microscopy analysis, it was possible to verify the influence of aluminium gradients on smaller crystals in addition to the exact moment at which the formation of mesoporous is initiated inside the zeolitic framework. Moreover, the crystal size exerts a significant influence on the total amount of acid sites remaining after alkaline treatment, as verified by means of temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. This is because the presence of larger crystals during desilication may increase the likelihood of reinsertion of aluminium atoms in the zeolite framework and, consequently, maintain the same total amount of acid sites in the zeolite as before alkaline treatment. Meanwhile, aluminium atoms tend to be removed from smaller crystals, thereby decreasing the total amount of acid sites.

▪ ABSTRACT Introduction: In two previous studies, the quality of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with the participation of at least one plastic surgeon was assessed in two periods: from 1966 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2008. The objective is to evaluate the evolution of the quality of RCTs published by plastic surgeons in the subsequent five-year period, from 2009 to 2013. Methods: RCTs published from 2009 to 2013, in English, with the participation of at least one plastic surgeon, were identified by an electronic search and classified according to allocation concealment by two independent evaluators. The quality of the studies with adequate allocation concealment was evaluated by two evaluators using the Delphi List and the Jadad Scale. Results: Of the 6,997 identified studies, 261 were classified according to allocation concealment. Of these, 43 (16.47%) had adequate allocation concealment. According to an assessment conducted using the Delphi List, there was an improvement in the items “most important characteristics of the prognosis” (p < 0.001), “use of an independent evaluator” (p = 0.0029), and “measures of variability and estimation of points for the primary variable” (p = 0.0057) compared to the 1966-2003 assessment ; there was no difference in the assessment of the same items from 2004-2008. Regarding the Jadad Scale, there was an increase in the scores from 2009 to 2013 compared to the 1996-2003 period (p < 0.0004); however, there was no significant difference in the 2004-2008 period. Conclusion: There was no difference in the quality of the RCTs published by plastic surgeons in the 2009-2013 period compared to the previous five-year period (2004 to 2008). However, both periods indicated higher quality compared to the 1966-2003 period.

▪ RESUMO Introdução: Em dois estudos prévios, avaliou-se a qualidade dos ensaios clínicos aleatórios (ECAs) com a participação de pelo menos um cirurgião plástico, em dois períodos: 1966 a 2003 e 2004 a 2008. O objetivo é avaliar a evolução da qualidade das publicações de ECAs por cirurgiões plásticos no período subsequente de cinco anos, de 2009 a 2013. Métodos: ECAs publicados de 2009 a 2013, em língua inglesa, com a participação de pelo menos um cirurgião plástico, foram identificados por busca eletrônica e classificados quanto ao sigilo de alocação, por dois avaliadores independentes. Os estudos com sigilo de alocação adequado tiveram a qualidade avaliada por dois avaliadores, utilizando-se a Lista de Delphi e a Escala de Qualidade de Jadad. Resultados: Dos 6.997 estudos identificados, 261 foram classificados quanto ao sigilo de alocação. Destes, 43 (16,47%) tinham sigilo de alocação adequado. Segundo a avaliação pela Lista de Delphi, houve melhora, em relação a 1966-2003, nos itens “características mais importantes do prognóstico” (p < 0,001), “uso de avaliador independente” (p = 0,0029) e “medidas de variabilidade e estimativa de pontos para a variável primária” (p = 0,0057); não houve diferença em relação a 2004-2008. Quanto à Escala de Qualidade de Jadad, houve um aumento dos escores em relação a 1996-2003 (p < 0,0004), mas também sem diferença significante em relação ao período 2004-2008. Conclusão: Não houve diferença na qualidade das publicações de ECAs por cirurgiões plásticos no período de 2009 a 2013, em relação aos cinco anos anteriores (2004 a 2008). Entretanto, ambos os períodos apresentaram maior qualidade quando comparados ao período de 1966 a 2003.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer worldwide and the most common type among women. The treatment for this condition has evolved over recent decades with therapeutic and technological advances. Breast reconstruction techniques using musculocutaneous flaps from the latissimus dorsi and rectus abdominis have aroused interest regarding patients’ quality of life. Our goal here was to compare patients’ satisfaction scores after they underwent breast reconstruction using musculocutaneous flaps from either the latissimus dorsi or the rectus abdominis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Primary, clinical, analytical, observational and cross-sectional study conducted in a federal university and a public hospital. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data were collected. The Mini-Mental State Examination was then applied, with testing for specificity and sensitivity. Lastly, a breast evaluation questionnaire was applied to evaluate breast satisfaction among 90 women, who were divided into three groups: mastectomy (control; n = 30); breast reconstruction using flap from the latissimus dorsi (n = 30); and reconstruction using flap from the rectus abdominis (n = 30). RESULTS: The groups were homogeneous regarding the main demographic data and the questionnaire responses (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the reconstruction groups showed significant improvement in satisfaction (P < 0.0002) after one year. CONCLUSION: Within our sample, women who underwent breast reconstruction with flaps from either the latissimus dorsi or the rectus abdominis had similar satisfaction scores.

The effects of randomness, an unavoidable feature of intracellular environments, are observed at higher hierarchical levels of living matter organization, such as cells, tissues, and organisms. Additionally, the many compounds interacting as a well-orchestrated network of reactions increase the difficulties of assessing these systems using only experiments. This limitation indicates that elucidation of the dynamics of biological systems is a complex task that will benefit from the establishment of principles to help describe, categorize, and predict the behavior of these systems. The theoretical machinery already available, or ones to be discovered to help solve biological problems, might play an important role in these processes. Here, we demonstrate the application of theoretical tools by discussing some biological problems that we have approached mathematically: fluctuations in gene expression and cell proliferation in the context of loss of contact inhibition. We discuss the methods that have been employed to provide the reader with a biologically motivated phenomenological perspective of the use of theoretical methods. Finally, we end this review with a discussion of new research perspectives motivated by our results.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse patient-reported outcomes of reduction mammoplasty among Brazilian women. METHODS: A total of 100 women were enrolled in this cross-sectional controlled study, 50 with breast hypertrophy (Hypertrophy Group) and 50 who had undergone breast reduction at least six and up to 12 months before (Mammoplasty Group). The Brazilian version of the BREAST-Q® was applied to assess patient-reported outcomes. The module reduction/mastopexy was used, and the preoperative and postoperative versions were applied to the hypertrophy and mammoplasty groups, respectively. RESULTS: The mammoplasty group presented higher scores for the subscales satisfaction with breasts, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being and physical well-being (p=0.0001 for all of these subscales). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that patients submitted to reduction mammoplasty are satisfied with the outcomes and present better quality of life scores compared with women with breast hypertrophy.

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the globalization and improvement of digital media and, consequently, the increasing use of digital photography, it is necessary to create reliable measurement methods. In clinical practice, direct measurement using tape measure, ruler, and compass, is most commonly used. However, there are intrinsic (body contour) and extrinsic (patient collaboration or respiratory movements) factors that may influence the data obtained. Photography and graphics software can be an accurate, comfortable, and reproducible alternative to direct measurement. The objective is to demonstrate how to perform breast measurement using Adobe Photoshop software. Methods: Participants were described the position to assume. Imaging capturing techniques and software calibration were performed in order to obtain the final breast measurement. Markers were placed on the breast and arms of 40 women volunteers aged 18 to 60 years using an anterior view. The union of these markers in each hemibody resulted in seven linear segments, one angle and one transverse segment common to both hemibodies. These photographs were evaluated as a RAW file, by 3 evaluators, assisted by Adobe Photoshop CS6® software. Results: Photoshop CS6® proved effective in the breast measurement using RAW files. Conclusion: Photoshop® showed precision and effectiveness for breast measurement.

RESUMO Introdução: Com a globalização e melhora dos meios digitais e, consequentemente, a crescente utilização de fotografias digitais, faz-se necessária a criação de métodos de mensuração confiáveis. Na prática clínica, a medida direta utilizando-se fita métrica, régua e compasso é mais comumente utilizada. Porém, existem fatores intrínsecos (relevos corporais) e extrínsecos (colaboração do paciente ou movimentos respiratórios) que podem influenciar nos dados obtidos. A fotografia e os softwares gráficos podem ser uma alternativa precisa, mais cômoda e reprodutível à medida direta. O objetivo é demonstrar a forma de medir as mamas pelo software Adobe Photoshop. Métodos: Foram descritas a posição das voluntárias, a captação das imagens, calibração do software até a obtenção mensuração final das mamas. Em 40 mulheres voluntárias, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos, foram demarcados pontos sobre a região mamária e braços em posição frontal. A união destes pontos em cada hemicorpo formou 7 segmentos lineares, 1 angular e 1 segmento mediano comum a ambos os hemicorpos. Essas fotografias foram avaliadas no arquivo RAW, por 3 observadores, com auxílio do software Adobe Photoshop CS6®. Resultados: O Photoshop CS6® demonstrou ser eficaz na mensuração das mamas no arquivo RAW. Conclusão: O Photoshop® apresentou precisão nas medidas e ser factível para mensuração das mamas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Indirect anthropometric measurements are important in research but may also be significant in the legal area as a quantitative instrument for preand post-operative evaluation. The type of file used determines variations in the manipulation of the images. The objective is to study the types of image files used in digital photography that will find utility in research. Methods: The breasts of 40 women volunteers were measured in 80 hemithoraces, and the mammary region and arms were marked in the frontal position. The union of these points in each hemithorax formed seven linear segments, an angular measure, and a median segment common to both hemithoraces. These photographs were evaluated as high definition RAW and JPEG files by three observers using Adobe Photoshop CS6® software. Results: RAW and JPEG files were shown to be effective in breast measurement. Conclusion: RAW and JPEG files presented similar results in the measurement of female breasts.

RESUMO Introdução: Mensurações por antropometria indireta são importantes na área de pesquisa, mas também podem se tornar significativas na área jurídica, como instrumento quantitativo de avaliação pré e pós-operatória. O tipo de arquivo utilizado determina variações na manipulação das imagens. O objetivo é evidenciar tipos de arquivos de imagens utilizados na fotografia digital que será utilizada na pesquisa. Métodos: Foram realizadas mensurações das mamas em 80 hemitórax de 40 mulheres voluntárias. Foram demarcados pontos sobre a região mamária e braços em posição frontal. A união destes pontos em cada hemicorpo formou sete segmentos lineares, uma medida angular e um segmento mediano comum a ambos os hemicorpos. Essas fotografias foram avaliadas em arquivos RAW e JPEG de alta definição, por 3 observadores, com auxílio do software Adobe Photoshop CS6®. Resultados: Os arquivos RAW e JPEG demonstraram serem eficazes na mensuração das mamas. Conclusão: Os arquivos RAW e JPEG apresentaram medidas semelhantes na mensuração das mamas femininas.

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Patient-reported outcome measurements assessing the emotional state of children and adolescents who seek plastic surgery are important for determining whether the intervention is indicated or not. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (child/adolescent and parent versions) for Brazilian Portuguese, test its psychometric properties and assess the emotional state of children and adolescents who seek plastic surgery. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-cultural validation study conducted in a plastic surgery outpatient clinic at a public university hospital. METHODS: A total of 124 consecutive patients of both sexes were selected between September 2013 and February 2014. Forty-seven patients participated in the cultural adaptation of the questionnaire. The final version was tested for reliability on 20 patients. Construct validity was tested on 57 patients by correlating the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (child/adolescent and parent versions) with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale. RESULTS: The child/adolescent and parent versions of the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire showed Cronbach’s alpha of 0.768 and 0.874, respectively, and had good inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.757 and ICC = 0.853, respectively) and intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.738 and ICC = 0.796, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire is a reproducible instrument with face, content and construct validity.The mood state and feelings among children and adolescents seeking cosmetic surgery were healthy.