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Abstract Background: Elderly patients are more susceptible to Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and are more likely to develop it in severe forms, (e.g., Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS]). Prone positioning is a treatment strategy for severe ARDS; however, its response in the elderly population remains poorly understood. The main objective was to evaluate the predictive response and mortality of elderly patients exposed to prone positioning due to ARDS-COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study involved 223 patients aged ≥ 65 years, who received prone position sessions for severe ARDS due to COVID-19, using invasive mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was used to assess the oxygenation response. The 20-point improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after the first prone session was considered for good response. Data were collected from electronic medical records, including demographic data, laboratory/image exams, complications, comorbidities, SAPS III and SOFA scores, use of anticoagulants and vasopressors, ventilator settings, and respiratory system mechanics. Mortality was defined as deaths that occurred until hospital discharge. Results: Most patients were male, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus as the most prevalent comorbidities. The non-responders group had higher SAPS III and SOFA scores, and a higher incidence of complications. There was no difference in mortality rate. A lower SAPS III score was a predictor of oxygenation response, and the male sex was a risk predictor of mortality. Conclusion: The present study suggests the oxygenation response to prone positioning in elderly patients with severe COVID-19-ARDS correlates with the SAPS III score. Furthermore, the male sex is a risk predictor of mortality.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100180

Different stocks of Prochilodus lineatus along the Cinzas River basin: contributions from a free-flowing tributary in the Capivara Reservoir region, Paranapanema River basin (upper Paraná River) freeflowing free flowing region upper
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Ferreira, Dhiego G.

; Galindo, Bruno A.

; Limeira, Daniel M.

; Garla, Alanna

; Marques, Ana J. C.

; Moreira, Amanda A.

; Rodrigues, Maria V. H.

; Clemente, Roberta C.

; Shimpo, Jhennifer Y.

; Martins, Gabriel A.

; Almeida, Fernanda S.

; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline

; Zanatta, Augusto S.

; Sofia, Silvia H.

; Souza-Shibatta, Lenice

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 N. 4 elocation e230080

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Barragens são umas das principais ameaças para peixes potamódromos Neotropicais, causando bloqueios de rotas migratórias e perdas de áreas de reprodução em um número crescente de sistemas de drenagem. Neste cenário, dados atuais defendem que a manutenção de tributários de fluxo livre em bacias hidrográficas fragmentadas seria uma importante estratégia na conservação de peixes migradores, tanto em situações de panmixia quanto em cenários com diferentes estoques coexistindo, tal como já relatado para Prochilodus lineatus. Este estudo analisou locos microssatélites e haplótipos mitocondriais em amostras de P. lineatus obtidas em diferentes anos ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, no reservatório de Capivara (maior reservatório na calha principal do rio Paranapanema, alto rio Paraná) e no rio Tibagi, todos conectados por trechos livres, visando investigar as contribuições da bacia do rio das Cinzas na dinâmica populacional de peixes migradores na região do reservatório de Capivara. Ambos os marcadores detectaram altos níveis de diversidade genética e indicaram diferentes estoques de P. lineatus ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, sugerindo alguma estruturação genética temporal, bem como a mistura destes estoques na amostra do reservatório de Capivara e de outros pontos, corroborando as relações de estoques neste reservatório e seus tributários. Neotropicais drenagem cenário coexistindo P maior Paranapanema Paraná Tibagi livres temporal pontos

Abstract Dams are one of the main threats to Neotropical potamodromous fish, causing blockages of migratory routes and loss of breeding areas in an increasing number of drainage systems. In this scenario, current data argue that the maintenance of free-flowing tributaries along fragmented watersheds would be an important strategy to the migratory fish conservation, both in panmixia situations and in scenarios with different coexisting stocks, as already reported for Prochilodus lineatus. This study analyzed microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes in samples of P. lineatus obtained in different years along the Cinzas River basin, as well as in the Capivara Reservoir (largest Reservoir in the Paranapanema main channel, upper Paraná River) and in the Tibagi River, all connected by free stretches, aiming to investigate the contributions of the Cinzas River basin to the population dynamics of migratory fish in the Capivara reservoir region. Both markers detected high genetic diversity levels and indicated different genetic stocks of P. lineatus along the Cinzas River basin, suggesting some temporal genetic structuring, as well as the mixture of these stocks in the sample from the Capivara reservoir and from other points, corroborating the relationships among stocks in this reservoir and its tributaries. systems scenario freeflowing flowing conservation P largest channel stretches region structuring points

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0080

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 2. Screening, intervention, and prevention
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; da S. Leite, Verônica

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Robis, Kelly P.

; Fidalgo, Thiago M.

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2021, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 538 - 549

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This article continues our presentation of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of patients with suicidal behavior, with a focus on screening, intervention, postvention, prevention, and promotion. For the development of these guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and SciELO databases for research published from 1997 to 2020. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and cohort/observational studies on screening, intervention, and prevention in suicidal behavior were included. This project involved 14 Brazilian psychiatry professionals and 1 psychologist selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. Publications were evaluated according to the 2011 Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence Classification. Eighty-five articles were reviewed (of 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts on the drug approach). Forms of screening, intervention, and prevention are presented. The intervention section presents evidence for psychotherapeutic and drug interventions. For the latter, it is important to remember that each medication is effective only for specific groups and should not replace treatment protocols. We maintain our recommendation for the use of universal screening plus intervention. Although the various studies differ in terms of the populations evaluated and several proposals are presented, there is already significant evidence for certain interventions. Suicidal behavior can be analyzed by evidence-based medicine protocols. Currently, the best strategy is to combine several techniques through the Safety Plan. Nevertheless, further research on the topic is needed to elucidate some approaches with particular potential for intervention and prevention. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1108 363 downloads

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 1. Risk factors, protective factors, and assessment
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Leite, Verônica da S.

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2021, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 525 - 537

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Suicide is a global public health problem that causes the loss of more than 800,000 lives each year, principally among young people. In Brazil, the average mortality rate attributable to suicide is approximately 5.23 per 100,000 population. Although many guidelines have been published for the management of suicidal behavior, to date, there are no recent guidelines based on the principles of evidence-based medicine that apply to the reality of suicide in Brazil. The objective of this work is to provide key guidelines for managing patients with suicidal behavior in Brazil. This project involved 11 Brazilian psychiatry professionals selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee (Comissão de Emergências Psiquiátricas) of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. For the development of these guidelines, 79 articles were reviewed (from 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts). In this review, we present definitions, risk and protective factors, assessments, and an introduction to the Safety Plan. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0994 701 downloads

Posicionamento sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Amiloidose Cardíaca – 2021
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Simões, Marcus V.

; Fernandes, Fabio

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.

; Scheinberg, Philip

; Correia, Edileide de Barros

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo P.

; Bacal, Fernando

; Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins

; Mangini, Sandrigo

; Biolo, Andréia

; Beck-da-Silva, Luis

; Szor, Roberta Shcolnik

; Marques Junior, Wilson

; Oliveira, Acary Souza Bulle

; Cruz, Márcia Waddington

; Bueno, Bruno Vaz Kerges

; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Issa, Aurora Felice Castro

; Ramires, Felix José Alvarez

; Coelho Filho, Otavio Rizzi

; Schmidt, André

; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Valicelli, Flávio Henrique

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco

; Ramos, Celso Dario

; Soares-Junior, José

; Romano, Minna Moreira Dias

; Mathias Junior, Wilson

; Garcia Junior, Marcelo Iório

; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Melo, Marcelo Dantas Tavares de

; Silva, Sandra Marques e

; Garibaldi, Pedro Manoel Marques

; Alencar Neto, Aristóteles Comte de

; Lopes, Renato Delascio

; Ávila, Diane Xavier de

; Viana, Denizar

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Canesin, Manoel Fernandes

; Oliveira, Glaucia Maria Moraes de

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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sep 2021, Volume 117 N. 3 Pages 561 - 598

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210718 330 downloads

Synthesis and antileishmanial activity of naphthoquinone-based hybrids
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Guimarães, Délis Galvão

; Simplício, Sidney Silva

; Sousa, Valéria Carlos de

; Rodrigues, Klinger Antonio da Franca

; Carvalho, Fernando Aércio A.

; Carneiro, Sabrina M. P.

; Costa, Marcília Pinheiro da

; Gonsalves, Arlan de A.

; Araújo, Cleônia Roberta M.

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas

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aug 2021, Volume 50 N. 2 Pages 505 - 521

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

RESUMEN Introducción: Leishmaniasis es una enfermedad causada por protozoos del género Leishmania y se considera endémica en 98 países. El tratamiento con antimoniales pentavalentes tiene una alta toxicidad, lo que motiva la búsqueda de fármacos eficaces y menos tóxico. α- y β-lapachones han mostrado diferentes actividades biológicas, incluido los antiprotozoarios. En estudios recientes, los grupos isonicotinoilhidra-zona y ftalazinilhidrazona se consideraron innovadores en el desarrollo de fármacos antileishmania. La hibridación molecular es una estrategia para el desarrollo racional de nuevos prototipos, donde el compuesto principal se produce a través de la unión apropiada de subunidades farmacofóricas. Objetivos: Sintetizar cuatro híbridos de α- y β-lapachones, junto con los grupos isonicotinoilhidrazona y ftalazinilhidrazona y determinar la actividad antileishmania frente a las formas promastigotas de L. amazonensis, L. infantum y L. major. Resultados: Los derivados de β-lapachone fueron más activos contra todas las especies de leishmania probadas. La βACIL (CI50 0,044μM) y βHDZ (CI50 0,023μM) mostraron actividad 15 veces mayor que la anfotericina B. El alto índice de selectividad que presentan los compuestos indica una mayor seguridad para las células huésped del vertebrado. Conclusión: Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que los híbridos (ACIL y (HDZ son moléculas prometodoras para el desarrollo de nuevos fármacos antileishmania.

SUMMARY Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is considered endemic in 98 countries. Treatment with pentavalent antimonials has a high toxicity, which motivates the search for effective and less toxic drugs. α- and β-lapachones have shown different biological activities, including antiprotozoa. In recent studies, the isonicotinoylhydrazone and phthalazinylhydrazone groups were considered innovative in the development of antileishmania drugs. Molecular hybridization is a strategy for the rational development of new prototypes, where the main compound is produced through the appropriate binding of pharmacophoric subunits. Aims: To synthesize four hybrids of α- and β-lapachones, together with the isonicotinoylhydrazone and phthalazinylhydrazone groups and to determine the antileishmania activity against the promastigotic forms of L. amazonensis, L. infantum and L. major. Results: β-lapachone derivatives were more active against all tested leishmania species. βACIL (IC50 0.044μM) and βHDZ (IC50 0.023μM) showed 15-fold higher activity than amphotericin B. The high selectivity index exhibited by the compounds indicates greater safety for vertebrate host cells. Conclusion: The results of this work show that the hybrids βACIL and (3HDZ are promising molecules for the development of new antileishmania drugs.

RESUMO Introdução: A leishmaniose é uma doença causada por protozoários do género Leishmania e é considerada endémica em 98 países. O tratamento com antimoniais pentavalentes apresenta alta toxicidade, o que motiva a pesquisa por medicamentos eficazes e menos tóxicos. α- e β-lapachones tém mostrado diferentes atividades biológicas, incluindo antiprotozoários. Em estudos recentes, os grupos isonicotinoilhi-drazona e ftalazinilhidrazona foram considerados inovadores no desenvolvimento de drogas antileishmania. A hibridização molecular é uma estratégia para o desenvolvimento racional de novos protótipos, onde o composto principal é produzido através da ligação apropriada de subunidades farmacofóricas. Objetivos: Sintetizar quatro híbridos de α- e β-lapachones, juntamente com os grupos isonicotinoil-hidra-zona e ftalazinilhidrazona e determinar a atividade antileishmania contra as formas promastigóticas de L. amazonensis, L. infantum e L. major. Resultados: Os derivados de β-lapachona foram mais ativos contra todas as espécies de leishmania testadas. BACIL (IC50 0,044 μM) e βHDZ (IC50 0,023 μM) apresentaram atividade 15 vezes maior do que a anfotericina B. O alto índice de seletividade dos compostos indica maior segurança para células hospedeiras de vertebrados. Conclusaõ: Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que os híbridos βACIL e βHDZ são moléculas promissoras para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos antileishmania.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v50n2.92861 26 downloads

Impulsivity influences food intake in women with generalized anxiety disorder
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Fonseca, Natasha Kim de O. da

; Molle, Roberta D.

; Costa, Marianna de A.

; Gonçalves, Francine G.

; Silva, Alice C.

; Rodrigues, Ylana

; Price, Menna

; Silveira, Patrícia P.

; Manfro, Gisele G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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aug 2020, Volume 42 N. 4 Pages 382 - 388

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objective: Eating behavior is affected by psychological and neurocognitive factors. However, little is known about this relationship in anxious patients. Our aim was to investigate the associations between impulsivity, inhibitory control, energy-dense food consumption, and body mass index (BMI) in women with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 adult females with GAD answered the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and participated in a go/no-go task using food images. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated. A food frequency questionnaire and a snack test were used to study eating behavior. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the variables of interest, adjusted by age. Results: Impulsivity predicted intake of sugar (p = 0.016, 95%CI 0.67-6.05), total fat (p = 0.007, 95%CI 0.62-3.71), and saturated fat (p = 0.004, 95%CI 0.30-1.48). The snack test showed a positive correlation between presence of impulsivity and intake of biscuits (R = 0.296; p = 0.051). Response inhibition to food images in the go/no-go task paradigm did not predict BMI or food intake. Conclusion: Impulsivity was predictive of higher sugar and saturated fat intake in women diagnosed with GAD. Our findings add to the literature regarding the association between neuropsychological factors and food consumption in this specific population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0556 912 downloads

Insecticidal and Acaricidal Activity of Essential Oils Rich in (E)-Nerolidol from Melaleuca leucadendra Occurring in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil) and Effects on Two Important Agricultural Pests
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Silva, Milena M. C. da

; Camara, Claudio A. G. da

; Moraes, Marcilio M. de

; Melo, João P. R. de

; Santos, Rodrigo B. dos

; Neves, Roberta C. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2020, Volume 31 N. 4 Pages 813 - 820

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Essential oils from the leaves, stems, flowers and fruits of Melaleuca leucadendra growing in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effects of the oils and their major constituent were evaluated on the agricultural pests Tetranychus urticae and Plutella xylostella in different stages of development. The analysis revealed a M. leucadendra chemotype rich in (E)-nerolidol (81.78 ± 0.90 to 95.78 ± 1.20%). P. xylostella was more susceptible to the oils and major constituent than T. urticae. The fruit oil was 1.5-fold more toxic than the leaf oil to T. urticae eggs. (E)-Nerolidol was 5.5-fold and 4.5-fold more toxic to T. urticae adults than the leaf and fruit oils, respectively. Azamax® used as the positive control was more efficient than the oils and (E)-nerolidol against T. urticae. However, the oils and (E)-nerolidol were more toxic to P. xylostella than Azamax®.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190245 442 downloads

Soybean yield in the Matopiba region under climate changes
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Silva, Vicente de P. R. da

; Silva, Roberta A. e

; Maciel, Girlene F.

; Souza, Enio P. de

; Braga, Célia C.

; Holanda, Romildo M. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jan 2020, Volume 24 N. 1 Pages 8 - 14

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As condições climáticas durante o ciclo da cultura são os principais fatores responsáveis pela produção final de qualquer cultivo. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as condições atuais e os efeitos dos cenários de mudanças climáticas sobre a produtividade da soja cultivada na região de Matopiba, localizada entre os Estados do Tocantins, Sul e Nordeste do Maranhão, Sul do Piauí e Oeste da Bahia. O modelo AquaCrop, versão 5.0 da FAO foi calibrado com dados do ano de 2014 e validado com os de 2016 em Palmas, TO, usando parâmetros de clima, solo, manejo da cultura coletados em duas campanhas experimentais realizadas entre os meses de junho e outubro nos anos de 2014 e 2016. O desempenho do modelo foi avaliado utilizando os indicadores estatísticos: erro de previsão (EP), coeficiente de determinação (R2), raiz quadrada do erro médio normalizado (RMSEN), coeficiente de eficiência do modelo Nash-Sutcliffe (EF) e o índice de concordância de Willmott (d). Verificou-se que o modelo AquaCrop subestima a produtividade de grãos de soja, na condição de déficit hídrico severo durante todo o ciclo do cultivo. O aumento da concentração de CO2 e da temperatura, projetada pelos modelos climáticos HadGEM2-ES e MIROC5 sob o cenário de estabilização (RCP 4.5) e o cenário de progressão RCP 8.5, contribuem para o aumento da produtividade de soja até o final deste século.

ABSTRACT The climatic conditions along the cycle are the main factors responsible for the final production of any crop. This study aimed to evaluate the current conditions and the effects of climate change scenarios on the yield of soybean grown in the Matopiba region, located between the states of Tocantins, south and northeast of Maranhão, south of Piauí and west of Bahia, Brazil. The AquaCrop model of FAO, version 5.0, was calibrated with data of 2014 and validated with those of 2016, using climate, soil and crop management parameters collected in two experimental campaigns conducted between June and October in 2014 and 2016 in Palmas, TO, Brazil. The performance of the model was evaluated using the following statistical indicators: prediction error (PE), coefficient of determination (R2), normalized root mean square error (NRMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (EF) and Willmott’s index of agreement (d). It was verified that the AquaCrop model underestimates soybean grain yield under severe water stress conditions throughout the growing cycle. The increase in CO2 concentration and in the air temperature, projected by the climate models HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5 under the scenario of stabilization (RCP 4.5) and the scenario of progression (RCP 8.5), have contributed to the increase in soybean yield by the end of this century.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n1p8-14 1506 downloads

10.

Diversity and turnover in a rocky shore intertidal community of an upwelling region (Arraial do Cabo, Brazil)
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PAULA, JOEL C. DE

; CORAÇÃO, AMANDA C.S.

; LOPES-FILHO, ERICK A.P.

; SILVA, ROBERTA P.

; SANTOS, LUCIANO N. DOS

; CARVALHO, WANDERSON F. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 N. 2 elocation e20181096

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study describes the community diversity and gives a seasonal distribution of an intertidal macroalgal assemblage at Prainha Beach, Arraial do Cabo City in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Sampling was performed during four seasons of a 1-year period. Organisms were sampled and photographed using photoquadrats to quantify relative coverage. Ninety-six taxa of macroalgae were registered, including 23 chlorophytes, 19 ochrophytes, and 54 rhodophytes, while three barnacles, seven mollusks, one isopod, and one polychaete were recorded among the zoobenthos. In the upper intertidal zone, the coverage was frequently dominated by invertebrates. Macroalgae always dominated the middle and lower zones, covering almost 100 % in both zones. The highest values of species diversity (H’), richness (S), and turnover rates were found during the transition from spring to summer, which coincided with the upwelling period. A comparison with the 1980’s flora revealed that the major changes in the macroalgal assemblage were among species belonging to the same genera, unless new additions were provided. The combination of photoquadrats and minimally destructive sampling allowed a detailed description of the composition and structural characteristics of the intertidal zone, a methodology that should be applied to study protected marine areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020181096 1211 downloads

11.

As pílulas do Messias: salvação, negação e política de morte em tempos de pandemia
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SILVA, ROBERTA D. F. C.

; GONÇALVES, LEANDRO A. P.

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

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2020, Volume 30 N. 2 elocation e300208

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312020300208

12.

As pílulas do Messias: salvação, negação e política de morte em tempos de pandemia
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SILVA, ROBERTA D. F. C.

; GONÇALVES, LEANDRO A. P.

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

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2020, Volume 30 N. 2 elocation e300208

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312020300208 1129 downloads

13.

Different Strategies to Anchor Organotin Methoxides on Silica and Their (Re)Use as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Transesterification Reactions
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Jesus, Roberta A. de

; Conceição, Poliana da

; Silva, Jhosianna P. V. da

; Brainer, Nívea S.

; Meneghetti, Simoni M. P.

; Meneghetti, Mario R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2019, Volume 30 N. 9 Pages 1976 - 1987

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Catalysts were prepared by the heterogenization of the tributyltin(IV) methoxide (n-Bu3Sn(OMe)) and dibutyltin(IV) dimethoxide (n-Bu2Sn(OMe)2) on silica by two strategies: (i) anchoring of the organotin(IV) compounds on silica and (ii) anchoring of the organotin(IV) compounds on a silica gel functionalized with mercaptopropyl groups (SiO2–SH). The characterization results showed that, regardless of the method used to anchor the organotin species, the solids contained approximately 7-10% of Sn. The decrease or disappearance of the O–H and S–H stretching signals in the SiO2 and SiO2–SH spectra after the treatment with the organotin(IV) methoxide derivatives suggest the immobilization via O–Sn or S–Sn covalent bonds. The catalytic performance was evaluated in methanolysis of ethyl acetate, in comparison to the analogous homogeneous systems, and the order of reactivity is n-Bu2Sn(OMe)2 > n-Bu3Sn(OMe) > SiO2–SnBu2 > SiO2–S–SnBu2 > SiO2–SnBu3 > SiO2–S–SnBu3. The solids on which the organotin species were directly immobilized on activated SiO2 showed catalytic efficiencies slightly higher than those immobilized on thiol-functionalized silica. All of the solid catalysts were recovered and reused for recycling studies and characterized again after the reuse tests. A better interaction between n-Bu3Sn(OMe) and both supports was observed, as verified by the low leaching of Sn after the first catalytic reaction.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190112 413 downloads

14.

Inhibition of Zika Virus Replication by Synthetic Bis-Naphthoquinones
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Gonzaga, Daniel T. G.

; Gomes, Rafaela S. P.

; Marra, Roberta K. F.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Ferreira, Davis F.

; Santos, Raissa M. A.

; Pinto, Ana M. V.

; Ratcliffe, Norman Arthur

; Cirne-Santos, Claudio C.

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Paixão, Izabel Christina N. P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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aug 2019, Volume 30 N. 8 Pages 1697 - 1706

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen which is a current global public health concern. There are currently no approved vaccines or antivirals against ZIKV infection. Taking into account that naphthoquinones have shown promising antiviral activity, the aim of this study was to describe the screening of two bis-naphthoquinones series against ZIKV. Twenty seven compounds were evaluated against ZIKV using Vero cells. The findings showed that among the compounds analyzed four were promising. Compound 3,3’-((2-nitrophenyl)methylene)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) containing the nitro group at the ortho position showed the best selectivity index, followed by compound 3,3’-(4-chlorophenylmethylene)bis(naphthalene-1,2,4-triyl triacetate) with the chlorophenylmethylene radical. These results demonstrate that these bis-naphthoquinones are largely effective in inhibiting the replication of ZIKV.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190071 681 downloads

15.

Fast Triacylglycerol Screening and Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Commercial Oils by DIMS with 18-Crown-6 Ether/Trifluoracetic Acid Dopants
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Tonin, Angelica P. P.

; Ribeiro, Marcos A. S.

; Poliseli, Camila B.

; Silveira, Roberta da

; Visentainer, Jesuí V.

; Silva, Valquíria M.

; Ribeiro, Leomara F.

; Souza, Rodrigo C. T. de

; Oliveira, Cláudio C. de

; Meurer, Eduardo C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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feb 2019, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 350 - 358

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Vegetable oil analyses, especially due to the complexity of the oil components, are commonly laborious, requiring several analytical techniques. In this work, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with direct injection (DIMS), along with 18-crown-6 ether (crown ether) chelating agent and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), was used to characterize and semi-quantitatively evaluate commercial vegetable oils. As a result, an unprecedented DIMS method of triacylglycerols (TAGs) analysis for semi-quantitative profiling of fatty acids in commercial oils (e.g., soybean, sunflower, corn, oil, canola), without sample derivatization, was developed. The results of the ion abundances related to the analyzed TAGs, with quantitative percentage analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID), allowed generating correction factors for each oil. DIMS analysis with crown ether/TFA resulted in the elimination of isobaric interferences from sodium and potassium adducts, facilitating the ion assignments, due to the one-ion-per-molecule observation in the mass spectrum. Chemometric analyses by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap, to evaluate the ionic profile of the oils, grouped them accordingly to their TAG content. Olive oil was identified as the most different from the other oils. Overall, a semi-quantitative approach to investigate the vegetable oils, reaching low percentage variation for DIMS, with 2 min analyses and 30 min sample preparation, was proposed.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180184 631 downloads

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