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au:Rufino, R. R.

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Formation of α,β-Unsaturated Imines in Apolar Aprotic Solvent: Effect of Hidden Acid Catalysts Analyzed by Theoretical Calculations
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Rufino, Virginia C.

; Pliego Jr., Josefredo R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2023, Volume 34 N. 10 Pages 1499 - 1508

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A theoretical investigation of the 1,2-additon and 1,4-addition reactions of benzylamine to crotonaldehyde in toluene solution is reported in this study, including the effect of trace amounts of acetic acid (AcOH) and methanesulfonic acid (CH3SO2OH). We have determined the reaction free energy profile and performed a detailed microkinetic analysis. Our results point out that this reaction system needs catalysis to take place and it was found that CH3SO2OH is a powerful catalyst, outperforming AcOH in lowering the free energy barrier for the 1,2-addition reaction, which leads to the formation of α,β-unsaturated imine. On the other hand, the 1,4-addition reaction has the direct nucleophilic attack of benzylamine to the β-carbon of s-cis conformation of crotonaldehyde as the rate-determining step, corresponding to slow kinetics. Our results suggest that the experimentally observed formation of the imine can be explained by the presence of hidden acid catalysts present in the reaction medium.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230063

Effects of the environmental enrichment on pigs’ behavior and performance
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Oliveira, Rodrigo Fortunato de

; Soares, Rita da Trindade Ribeiro Nobre

; Moreira, Rennan Herculano Rufino

; Andrade, Rayanne Prates de

; Rosenfield, Derek Andrew

; Pizzutto, Cristiane Schilbach

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2023, Volume 52 elocation e20210123

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The study evaluates the influence of environmental enrichment on behavior, leucometry, and performance of commercial pigs. Thirty-two hybrid pigs (Landrace × Large White × Pietran), at 69 days of life, were divided into four groups and subjected to different environmental stimuli: concrete floor, with no enrichment (C); floor bedding with wood chips (CM); concrete floor, with mobiles (MO); floor bedding with wood chips and the presence of mobile (CM + MO). The study collected behavioral data of the animals during 84 days, through the growing and finishing phases, each lasting 42 days, assessing the animals’ position and behavior by the instantaneous scan sampling method. The animals received ad libitum water and a specially formulated feed following the nutritional requirements for growing and finishing phases. The study considered daily feed intake, daily weight gain, and feed conversion. Group CM in the growing phase showed prolonged standing position periods and demonstrated a greater exploration of their environment (2.1%). Groups MO and CM + MO, in the growing phase, demonstrated extended periods of interaction with the offered enrichments (10.8±2.1 and 9.1±2.8%, respectively). Piglets in the finishing phase housed in pens with floor bedding with wood chips and those housed in pens with floor bedding with wood chips and the presence of mobile (tires and chains) showed longer interaction time with enrichments (4.8 and 5.4%, respectively), compared with the other groups C and Mo. Group C remained overall the longest in a standing position in both breeding phases. There was no effect on the animals’ leukogram. Environmental enrichment with wood shavings (as beddings) and hanging mobiles improves behavioral aspects of piglets in the growing and finishing periods.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5220210123

Recomendaciones en el abordaje del hematoma intracerebral espontáneo durante la internación
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Pigretti, Santiago G.

; Mirofsky, Matías

; García, Darío E.

; Issac, Cristian

; Valdez, Pascual

; Persi, Gabriel G.

; Mamani, Carlos E.

; Guyon, Jorgelina

; Álvarez, Héctor

; Montes, Mariana

; Daza Aramayo, José M.

; Iturrieta, Pablo

; Chaves, Hernán

; Sarmiento, Verónica

; Tumino, Leandro

; Domeniconi, Gustavo

; Castagna, Rosa

; Sabio, Rodrigo

; Videtta, Walter

; Ciarrocchi, Nicolás

; Lerman, Damián

; Dossi, Daiana E.

; Balian, Natalia R.

; Velasquez, Mariela A.

; Rufino Saravia, Gonzalo

; Alet, Matías J.

; Rodríguez Lucci, Federico

; Ciardi, Celina

; Pujol Lereis, Virginia

; Claverie, Santiago

; Casanova, Matías

; González, Leonardo

; Mónaco, Juan Manuel

; Cárdenas, Rolando E.

; Cirio, Juan José

; Arturi, Jessica

; Requejo, Flavio

; Plou, Pedro L.

; Orzuza, Gabriela

; Bonardo, Pablo

; Díaz, María Fernanda

; Payaslian, Silvio

; Andrade, María Gabriela

; Gomez Schneider, Maia M.

; Romano, Marina

; Colla Machado, Pedro

; Arroyo, José

; Arcondo, María Florencia

; Svampa, Silvana

; Armenteros, Cristhian

; Tejada Jacob, Virginia

; Zurrú, María Cristina

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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nov 2022, Volume 82 Suppl. 4 Pages 1 - 56

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) constituye la principal causa de discapacidad de origen neuro- lógico en los adultos mayores a 40 años y la cuarta causa de muerte en Argentina. En los últimos diez años las publicaciones indexadas relacionadas al tratamiento del ACV isquémico fueron más numerosas que las de ACV hemorrágico. El objetivo de este material es proporcionar recomendaciones locales y actualiza- das del abordaje de pacientes con hematoma intraparenquimatoso espontáneo durante la internación. Para la redacción de este manuscrito se convocó a especialistas en esta enfermedad que conformaron grupos de trabajo. Se plantearon 10 tópicos centrales expresados como epidemiologia, atención inicial, imágenes, tratamiento de la presión arterial, reversión de antitrombóticos, indicación de cirugía, profilaxis anticonvulsivante, pronóstico, prevención de complicaciones y reinicio de antitrombóticos. De cada tópico se plantearon mediante preguntas PICO los interrogantes más frecuentes de la práctica diaria. Luego de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, se generaron recomendaciones evaluadas mediante sistema GRADE y consensuadas entre autores y pacientes.

Abstract Stroke is the leading cause of neurological disability in people over 40 years of age and the fourth leading cause of death in Argentina. In the last ten years, the indexed publications related to the treatment of ischemic stroke were more numerous than those of hemorrhagic stroke. The objective of this material is to provide local and updated recommendations for the management of patients with spontaneous intracere- bral hemorrhage during hospitalization. For the writing of this manuscript, diferent specialists were convened to form working groups. Ten central topics expressed as epidemiology, initial care, imaging, blood pressure treatment, reversal of antithrombotics, indication for surgery, seizure prophylaxis, prognosis, prevention of complications and resumption of antithrombotics were raised. For each topic, the most frequent questions of daily practice were raised through PICO questions. After a systematic review of the literature, recommendations were generated, evaluated using the GRADE system and agreed between authors and patients.

Ecología térmica de la lagartija de lava de Santa Cruz (Microlophus indefatigabilis) de Gálapagos, Ecuador: implicaciones del fenómeno de El Niño
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Fierro-Estrada, Natalia

; Arenas-Moreno, Diego M.

; Lara-Reséndiz, Rafael A.

; Muñoz-Nolasco, Francisco J.

; Altamirano-Benavides, Marco A.

; Gandarilla-Aizpuro, Fabiola J.

; Trejo-Pérez, Raúl Gómez

; Lozano-Aguilar, Luis E.

; Santos-Bibiano, Rufino

; Rueda-Córdova, Danny

; Buitrón-López, Paola

; Méndez-de la Cruz, Fausto R.

Revista mexicana de biodiversidad

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2022, Volume 93 elocation e933895

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La temperatura es la principal variable ambiental de la que dependen las lagartijas para mantener sus procesos metabólicos, esta influencia el desempeño locomotor. Debido a esto, si la temperatura ambiental aumenta como consecuencia del cambio climático, los lacertilios podrían verse afectados fisiológica y ecológicamente. Evaluamos la eficiencia térmica y el desempeño locomotor de 3 poblaciones de Microlophus indefatigabilis. Registramos las temperaturas corporales, seleccionadas y críticas de los organismos, su desempeño locomotor y temperaturas operativas durante la temporada fría de 2017. Analizamos las temperaturas ambientales durante el fenómeno de El Niño de 1997 y 2015. Calculamos sus horas de restricción térmica durante el muestreo y ante los posibles aumentos en la temporada fría durante El Niño. Encontramos que las temperaturas corporales variaron significativamente entre poblaciones, pero conservan sus temperaturas seleccionadas, las cuales son cercanas a su temperatura óptima. Microlophus indefatigabilis tiende a termorregular y el extremo superior de su amplitud térmica está cercano a la temperatura crítica máxima. En años sin influencia de El Niño, la población con escasa cobertura vegetal presentó horas de restricción, pero con el aumento de las temperaturas ambientales, la especie podría incrementar sus horas de restricción, limitando sus horas de alimentación.

Abstract Temperature is the main environmental variable that lizards depend on to maintain their metabolic processes, this influence locomotor performance. Thereafter, if the environmental temperature increases, because of climate change, the lizards could be affected physiologically and ecologically. We evaluated the thermal efficiency and locomotor performance of 3 populations of Microlophus indefatigabilis. We recorded body, selected and critical temperatures of the organisms, their locomotor performance, and operative temperatures during the cold season of 2017. We obtained the environmental temperatures during the El Niño 1997 and 2015 events. We calculated their restriction hours during the sampling year and in possible increases in the cold season during El Niño. We found that body temperatures varied significantly among populations, but keep their selected temperatures, which are close to their optimum temperature for locomotor performance. Microlophus indefatigabilis is a thermoregulator in which its maximum values are close to its critical maximum temperature. Under normal years without El Niño event, the population with scarce vegetation cover presented hours of restriction, but with the increase in environmental temperatures, the species could increase its hours of restriction, limiting its feeding hours.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2022.93.3895

CURCUMINA COMO INDICADOR NATURAL DE PH: UMA ABORDAGEM TEÓRICA-EXPERIMENTAL PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
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Oliveira, Drielly E. T. B. de

; Bezerra, Leonardo A. B.

; Oliveira, Romário J.

; Moraes, Vitocley B. de

; Silva, Juliana Angeiras Batista da

; Freitas Filho, João R. de

; Freitas, Juliano C. Rufino

; Ramos, Clécio S.

Química Nova

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feb 2021, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 217 - 223

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This paper proposes the development of a simple experiment with easily accessible and low cost materials, enabling its practice with or without laboratory infrastructure, with feasibility for computational theoretical study. On the other hand, the objective of the work is to develop a chemical experiment that demonstrates that the chromophore curcumin (natural indicator) is responsible for indicating the acidity or basicity of a given solution. The experiment has different applicability, being useful in the approach of different chemical contents, showing potential for multi and interdisciplinary approaches. Subjects such as tautomeric equilibrium, chromophoric compounds, hydrogen potential, UV-Vis electron absorption spectra analysis and molecular modeling are explored.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170625 287 downloads

Avanços recentes na química dos aminoaçúcares: ocorrência, biossíntese, síntese e aplicação
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Moura, Aldicéia Luiz de

; Guimarães, Bruna Martins

; Lima, Josefa Aqueline da Cunha

; Mata, Mauricélia M. Sousa

; Silva, Jadson Farias da

; Oliveira, Ronaldo N.

; Freitas, Juliano Carlo Rufino de

; Freitas Filho, João R. de

Química Nova

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jun 2019, Volume 42 N. 6 Pages 642 - 660

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Amino sugars are chemical compounds that have a sugar backbone, in which one of the hydroxyl groups is replaced by an amino group. Derivatives of amine-containing sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine, are also considered amino sugars. The synthetic introduction of amino functionalities in a regio- and stereoselective manner ontosugar scaffolds represents a substantial challenge. Most of the modern methods for the preparation of 1-, 2- and 3-amino sugars are those starting from glycals, 2,3-unsaturated O-glycosides epoxy-sugars, keto-sugars among others. This review summarizes recente developments in the current state of knowledge concerning the occurrence, biosynthesis, synthesis and application of amino sugars.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170357 1557 downloads

Ecología térmica y riesgo de extinción ante el cambio climático de Gonatodes concinnatus (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae), una lagartija endémica de la Amazonía occidental
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Altamirano-Benavides, Marco A.

; Domínguez-Guerrero, Saúl F.

; Muñoz-Nolasco, Francisco J.

; Arenas-Moreno, Diego M.

; Santos-Bibiano, Rufino

; Gómez-Trejo Pérez, Raúl

; Lozano-Aguilar, Luis E.

; Fierro-Estrada, Natalia

; Gandarilla-Aizpuro, Fabiola J.

; Woolrich-Piña, Guillermo A.

; Martínez-Méndez, Norberto

; Lara-Reséndiz, Rafael A.

; Méndez-de la Cruz, Fausto R.

Revista mexicana de biodiversidad

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2019, Volume 90 elocation e902824

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Climate change (CC) could cause the extinction of 20% of the lizard species in the world by the year 2080. However, extinction risk is variable among species and it depends on the physiological requirements of individuals and the geographic distribution of populations. In this study, we evaluated thermal ecological aspects of a population of the diurnal gecko Gonatodes concinnatus, that inhabits in the western region of the Amazon Rainforest, and projected its potential distribution at present and his extinction risk by the year 2050 and by 2070 through a mechanistic and correlative model. We found out that G. concinnatus had a body temperature (Tb) of 26.8 °C (± 2.5), a selected body temperature (Tsel) of 24.6 °C (± 1.6) and a tendency towards thermoconformism. The probability of extinction for G. concinnatus is 84.2% by 2050 and 86.4% by 2070. Additionally, we estimated that at lower elevations, populations will have higher extinction probabilities due to CC. We consider G. concinnatus as highly sensitive to CC and we highlight the importance of having information on the thermal physiology of tropical ectotherms to implement appropriate conservation strategies.

Resumen El cambio climático (CC) podría ocasionar la extinción del 20% de las especies de lagartijas a nivel mundial para el año 2080. Sin embargo, el riesgo de extinción varía entre especies y depende de los requerimientos fisiológicos de los individuos y de la distribución geográfica de las poblaciones. En el presente trabajo evaluamos aspectos de la ecología térmica de una población del geco diurno Gonatodes concinnatus que habita en la región occidental de la selva amazónica y proyectamos su distribución potencial al presente y su riesgo de extinción para 2050 y 2070, a través de su distribución geográfica utilizando un modelo mecanicista y correlativo. Gonatodes concinnatus tuvo una temperatura corporal (Tb) de 26.8 °C (± 2.5), una temperatura seleccionada (Tsel) de 24.6 °C (± 1.6) y presentó una estrategia termoconformista. La probabilidad de extinción promedio de G. concinnatus es de 84.2% para el año 2050 y de 86.4% para el año 2070. Además, estimamos que las poblaciones de menor altitud tienen mayor probabilidad de extinción ante el CC. Consideramos que G. concinnatus es altamente susceptible al CC y resaltamos la importancia de contar con información de la fisiología térmica de ectotermos tropicales para implementar estrategias de conservación apropiadas.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2824 627 downloads

DIVERSIDAD MORFOAGRONÓMICA DEL FRIJOL AYOCOTE EN EL ALTIPLANO CENTRO-ORIENTE DE PUEBLA
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López-Báez, Luz I.

; Taboada-Gaytán, Oswaldo R.

; Gil-Muñoz, Abel

; López, Pedro A.

; Ortiz-Torres, Enrique

; Vargas-Vázquez, Ma. Luisa P.

; Díaz-Cervantes, Rufino

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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2018, Volume 41 N. 4a Pages 487 - 497

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY The studies of genetic diversity enable its quantification and the identification of actions needed for its conservation and use. In Phaseolus coccineus L., even though several diversity studies have been conducted, in none of them the accessions have been evaluated in the area where they were collected, nor have included a large sample of local populations from the central-eastern highland plateau of Puebla, the main production area in México. The objective of this work was to determine the level of morpho-agronomic variation present in the local populations of runner bean cultivated in the aforementioned region, and to identify the main morpho-agronomic traits related to the found diversity. A total of 31 local populations were evaluated, as well as five controls. The evaluation was conducted at two sites within the area of collection, using a lattice experimental design with two replications per site. Data were recorded on 34 morpho-agronomic traits, dealing with attributes of emergence, seedling, leaf, flower, plant, pod, seed and grain yield. The combined analysis of variance revealed that the morpho-agronomic diversity is large, showing that the variation is present in all the structures of the plant, but mostly in variables measured on flower, pod and seed. The cluster and principal components analyses allowed the identification of four groups of populations, differentiated basically by earliness, seed and flower color, and complemented by vigor and height of plant, length of central leaflet and petiole, seed shape and weight of 100 seeds. It is concluded that the morpho-agronomic diversity present in the local populations of runner bean is large, and that days to flowering, flower color and seed color, are the most important traits to explain the existing diversity.

RESUMEN Los estudios de diversidad genética permiten conocer su magnitud e identificar las acciones necesarias para su conservación y aprovechamiento. En Phaseolus coccineus L., aun cuando se han llevado a cabo estudios de diversidad, en ningún caso se ha evaluado a las poblaciones en su área de colecta, ni se ha incluido una muestra amplia de las poblaciones locales del altiplano centro-oriente de Puebla, principal región productora de frijol ayocote en México. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el nivel de variación morfoagronómica de las poblaciones locales de frijol ayocote cultivadas en la región mencionada e identificar las principales características morfoagronómicas relacionadas con la diversidad encontrada. Para ello, se evaluaron 31 poblaciones locales y cinco testigos. La evaluación se hizo en dos localidades de la zona de colecta, utilizando un diseño experimental látice con dos repeticiones por localidad. Se registraron 34 variables morfoagronómicas asociadas a características de emergencia, plántula, hoja, flor, planta, vaina, semilla y rendimiento de grano. El análisis de varianza combinado reveló que la diversidad morfoagronómica es amplia, evidenciando que la variación puede presentarse en todas las estructuras de la planta, pero principalmente en variables de precocidad, flor, vaina y semilla. Los análisis de conglomerados y componentes principales permitieron identificar cuatro grupos de poblaciones, diferenciados básicamente por precocidad, color de semilla y flor y de manera complementaria por el vigor y altura de planta, longitud del foliolo central y del peciolo, forma de semilla y peso de 100 semillas. Se concluye que la diversidad morfoagronómica presente en las poblaciones locales de frijol ayocote es amplia y que las variables días a floración, color de la flor y color de semilla fueron las más importantes para explicar la diversidad existente.

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Candidate mutations used to aid the prediction of genetic merit for female reproductive traits in tropical beef cattle
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Fortes, Marina Rufino Salinas

; Enculescu, Charmaine

; Porto Neto, Laercio R.

; Lehnert, Sigrid A.

; McCulloch, Russell

; Hayes, Ben

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2018, Volume 47 elocation e20170226

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this study, we aimed to provide a wet laboratory validation for a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), which had been identified as candidate functional variants in silico. Genotyping for candidate SNP was performed in Brahman and Tropical Composite cattle. After quality control, 29 SNP were first investigated individually for their association with female reproductive traits and then used as a panel for genomic predictions. The reproductive traits studied were age at first corpus luteum (AGECL; days), post-partum anoestrus interval (PPAI; days), and a binary trait that described if the cow had ovulated before weaning the first calf or not (PW, 0-1). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in six genes (FOXA2, TRAF4, IRF2, IRF1, BPTF, and CPEB1) were found to be significantly associated with reproduction traits . The genomic prediction method used was BayesR, to accommodate the 29 new SNP and compare their performance with predictions based on 50K genotypes (Illumina SNP chip). When new SNP and PLAG1 mutation rs109231213 were included in the genomic predictions for female reproductive traits their accuracies improved. The best predictions were obtained by combining the new SNP and the 50K SNP using BayesR analysis, with a 4% improvement in accuracy. The proportion of the genetic variance explained by the new SNP together was 0.07 for AGECL, 0.03 for PPAI, and 0.02 for PW. It would be favourable to include these new SNP in future versions of bovine SNP chips to target selection for female reproductive traits. These new SNP are likely to improve genomic predictions for female reproductive traits in tropical beef cattle breeds, with varying degrees of Bos indicus content.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170226 806 downloads

10.

Spirometry reference values in the Brazilian population
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Rufino, R.

; Costa, C.H.

; Lopes, A.J.

; Maiworm, A.I.

; Maynard, K.

; Silva, L.M.R.A.

; Dias, R.M.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2017, Volume 50 N. 3 elocation e5700

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of the present study was to provide new spirometry reference equations in a sample of the Brazilian population for the following parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak of expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow at 50% (FEF50%), 75% average vital capacity (FEF25-75%), and average forced expiratory flow time (FEFT). This was a prospective study using results from chest radiographs, electrocardiograms, and questionnaires to investigate the participants' respiratory symptoms, sedentarism, and comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index). From December 2010 to July 2014, individuals were randomly selected from various locations in the state of Rio de Janeiro. All individuals were examined by a single technician in the morning at the laboratory, and performed the spirometry with the same spirometer. Spirometry values were tabulated for the creation of three equation models: linear regression, logarithmic regression, and logarithms through a method that incorporates the lambda, median, and coefficient of variation (LMS method). Initially, 7003 individuals from both genders were contacted, and 454 were recruited. The data from the new equations were compared with one Brazilian and eight international equations, resulting in a high correlation (r>0.9). The values derived from the LMS method and linear regression were very similar (P>0.5), and both could be used to acquire the reference values for Brazilian spirometry. Data derived from the equations of this study were different from the current Brazilian equation, which could be justified by the different method used.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20175700 2414 downloads

11.

Public green areas and urban environmental quality of the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bertini, M. A.

; Rufino, R. R.

; Fushita, A. T.

; Lima, M. I. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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sep 2016, Volume 76 N. 3 Pages 700 - 707

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Diagnosticar a situação das áreas verdes públicas, sua importância e influência na qualidade ambiental e de vida nos centros urbanos é uma tarefa árdua, considerando a divergência conceitual e de métodos científicos no que tange a quantificação e a análise dos dados. Neste estudo, objetivou-se determinar dois indicadores de áreas verdes públicas, referentes ao percentual de áreas verdes públicas (PAVP) e ao índice de áreas verdes públicas (IAVP) no perímetro urbano do Município de São Carlos, SP. A área de estudo foi organizada em regiões administrativas (RAs), utilizando imagens de satélite, cartas topográficas 1:10.000 do Instituto Geográfico e Cartográfico (1990) e dados fornecidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de São Carlos. Os resultados demonstram que as áreas verdes públicas compreendem 6,55% do território do município, com um índice de áreas verdes públicas (IAVP) de 18,85 m2/habitante, indicando uma boa qualidade ambiental urbana quando comparado aos índices de 15 m2/habitante para áreas verdes públicas destinadas à recreação, sugerido pela Sociedade Brasileira de Arborização Urbana. As diferenças entre as regiões administrativas são preocupantes, com situações de 4,16 a 36,30 m2/habitantes. Neste contexto, recomendam-se políticas públicas específicas e a participação popular no processo de melhoria contínua para o incremento das áreas verdes públicas nas regiões menos favorecidas. O método genebrino, aplicado aos indicadores de áreas verdes públicas (IAVP – somatório das áreas verdes públicas dividido pela densidade populacional), apontou uma meta recomendável acima de 40% para a qualidade ambiental urbana.

Abstract Assess the state of public green areas, their importance and influence on environmental quality and living in urban centers is an arduous task considering the conceptual and scientific regarding quantification and data analysis methods divergence. In this study, we aimed to determine two indicators of public green areas relative to the percentage of public green areas (PPGA) and the public green areas index (PGAI) in the urban area of São Carlos, SP. The study area was organized into administrative regions (ARs), using satellite images, topographical maps of 1:10,000 Geographic and Cartographic Institute (1990) and data provided by the Municipality of São Carlos. The results show that public green areas comprise 6.55% of the municipality, with a public green areas index (PGAI) of 18.85 m2/inhabitant, indicating good urban environmental quality when compared to rates of 15 m2/capita for public green areas for recreation, suggested by the Brazilian Society of Urban Forestry. The differences between the administrative regions are concern with situations from 4.16 to 36.30 m2/inhabitant. In this context, it is recommend specific public policies and popular participation in the process of continuous improvement for increasing public green areas in the less favored regions. The Genebrino method applied to indicators of public green areas (GPGA – amount of public green areas divided by population density), showed a commendable goal above 40% for urban environmental quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.01515 2979 downloads

12.

Performance of confined and grazing lambs fed diets with different mineral-concentrate supplements
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Silva, Aderbal M. de A

; Bezerra, Leilson R

; Rufino, Sara R. M

; Filho, José M. Pereira

; Freire, Juliana M

; da Silva, Divan S

; Oliveira, Ronaldo L

; Bayão, Geraldo F. V

Ciencia e investigación agraria

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dec 2014, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 285 - 925

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

For confined animals, performance is improved when their diet is supplemented with a mineral mixture and protein energy. This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on feedlot sheep on native pasture. Two experiments were conducted in sequence, with the animals constrained in one and animals confined to pasture in the other. The experiments were conducted with 32 Santa Ines lambs, with average initial weights of 16.8 and 19.9 kg for the constrained and pasture studies, respectively. In both experiments, the animals were offered the following supplements: Supplement 1 = 200 g of the concentrate without mineral mixture; Supplement 2 = 200 g of the concentrate with mineral mixture + Mn + Zn; Supplement 3 = 300 g of the concentrate with mineral mixture + Mn+Zn; and Supplement 4: 300 g of the concentrate with mineral mixture + Zn without Mn. The intake of the mineral mixture resulted in a higher average intake of crude protein in feedlot lambs and neutral detergent fiber in pasture lambs than the other diets, regardless of the presence of manganese and thus provided more consistent weight gain among the animals. The mineral mixture supplementation increased the average daily intake of Zn and Mn. The animals on the diets containing 300 g day-1 supplementation with the concentrated mineral mixture also had more weight gain and better feed conversion than those on the other diets, most likely because of the greater responsiveness to supplementation in these animals.

La suplementación con una mezcla de minerales y energía de proteína proporciona un mejor rendimiento en los animales confinados. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de estrategias suplementarias de corderos. Se realizaron dos experimentos en secuencia, utilizando 32 animales de Santa Inés, con un peso inicial promedio de 16.8 kg en estabulación y 19.9 kg régimen de pastoreo. En ambos experimentos se ofrecieron: Suplemento 1 = 200 g de concentrado sin mezcla mineral; Suplemento 2 = 200 g de concentrado + mezcla mineral + Mn + Zn; Suplemento 3 = 300 g de concentrado + mezcla mineral + Mn + Zn; Suplemento 4: 300 g de concentrado + mezcla mineral + Zn sin Mn. La mezcla de minerales tuvo una mayor ingesta media de proteína bruta en comparación con otras dietas, en la estabulación y fibra en pastoreo, independientemente de la presencia de manganeso, proporcionando de este modo la ganancia de peso más consistente entre los animales. La administración de suplementos de mezcla mineral aumentó la ingesta diaria de Zn y Mn. Los animales sometidos a dietas que contienen la suplementación con 300 g día-1 con la mezcla de mineral concentrado también tuvieron aumento de peso y mejor conversión del alimento que los de las otras dietas, muy probablemente, debido a la mayor capacidad de respuesta a la suplementación de estos animales.

https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-16202014000300001 1139 downloads

13.

Carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs finished on native pasture and subjected to different types of supplementation
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Filho, José M. Pereira

; Silva, Aderbal M. A.

; Silva, Divan S.

; Cézar, Marcílio F.

; Bezerra, Leilson R.

; Rufino, Sara R. M.

; Borburema, Jucileide B.

; Bayão, Geraldo F. V.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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dec 2014, Volume 37 N. 4 Pages 456 - 462

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo do trabalho consistiu em avaliar as medidas biométricas e as características de carcaça e cortes comerciais de 24 cordeiros Santa Inês inteiros, terminados em pastagem natural com diferentes suplementos. Os animais foram distribuídos por quatro dietas experimentais: 200g/dia do suplemento proteico-energético mais cloreto de sódio; 200 g/dia do suplemento proteico-energético-mineral; 300g/dia do suplemento proteico-energético-mineral e 300 g/dia do suplemento proteico-energético-mineral sem manganês. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os suplementos não influenciaram as medidas biométricas, a condição corporal, o peso ao abate, a perda por resfriamento, o peso da meia carcaça, os rendimentos de carcaça quente, carcaça fria e biológica e o peso dos cortes comerciais dos cordeiros Santa Inês. O peso de carcaça quente e fria, da carcaça vazia, do conteúdo gastrintestinal e da perna dos cordeiros suplementados com 300 g/dia sem manganês foram superiores aos obtidos pelos cordeiros que receberam 200 g/dia de suplemento. Os sistemas de suplementação proteico-energético mineral avaliados foram eficientes na obtenção de carcaças, sendo recomendada o acabamento de ovinos Santa Inês em pastagem natural com peso inicial em torno de 19,9 kg e o abate aos 200 dias de idade.

This study aimed to evaluate the biometric measurements and characteristics of the carcass and retail cuts of 24 Santa Inês whole lambs finished in native pasture with different supplements. The animals were divided into four experimental diets: 200 g/day of a protein-energy supplement plus sodium chloride; 200 g/day of the protein-energy-mineral supplement; 300 g/day of the protein-energy-mineral supplement and 300 g/day of the protein-energy-min supplement without manganese. A complete randomized experimental design with four treatments and six replications was used. The supplements did not influence the biometric measurements, body score, slaughter weight, loss by cooling, weight of the half carcass, hot carcass yield, cold carcass yield or the biological yield and weight of retail cuts from the Santa Inês lambs. The weights of hot and cold carcass, empty body, gastrointestinal-tract contents and leg of the lambs that received 300 g/day of supplement without manganese were higher than those of lambs that received 200 g/day of supplement. The energetic protein-mineral supplementation systems evaluated were effective in obtaining quality carcasses under finishing recommendations of Santa Inês sheep on native pasture with an initial weight of approximately 19.9 kg and slaughtered at 200 days old.

1288 downloads

14.

Perfil sanguíneo e peso de órgãos internos de bezerros leiteiros criados em diferentes sistemas de aleitamento
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Azevedo, Rafael A.

; Soares, Ana Claudia M.

; Rufino, Sâmara R.A.

; Bastos, Gabriela A.

; Coelho, Sandra G.

; Duarte, Eduardo R.

; Geraseev, Luciana C.

; Oliveira, Neide J.F.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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aug 2014, Volume 34 N. 8 Pages 785 - 790

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil sanguíneo e o tamanho absoluto e relativo dos órgãos internos de bezerros em sistema de aleitamento convencional ou fracionado. Foram utilizadas 10 fêmeas, com peso corporal inicial médio de 37,53 kg (±2,36) e 12 machos com peso corporal médio de 81,6 kg (±8,6), ambos da raça Holandesa. O aleitamento convencional constituiu-se de quatro litros de leite fornecidos diariamente durante 54 dias de avaliação e o fracionado, de seis litros do 6º ao 25º dias de idade, quatro litros do 26º ao 45º dias de idade e dois litros do 46º ao 59º dias de idade, além de concentrado, feno de Cynodon sp., água e suplemento mineral fornecidos ad libitum. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco repetições para os parâmetros sanguíneos e seis repetições para o desenvolvimento dos órgãos internos. As coletas de sangue foram realizadas nas fêmeas nos dias sete, 21, 28, 42, 49 e 56 de idade. Para a avaliação dos órgãos internos os machos foram abatidos aos dois meses de idade, após jejum de 16 horas. Não foram observadas diferenças para os valores de proteínas totais, albumina, globulina, creatinina, ureia, colesterol e β-hidroxibutirato nas idades avaliadas (p>0,05). Entretanto, para a concentração de glicose houve interação entre os sistemas de aleitamento e os períodos avaliados, podendo ser observado que com 21 dias de idade a concentração foi maior nas bezerras mantidas em sistema fracionado, quando comparadas aos animais do grupo convencional. O sistema de aleitamento não alterou o peso corporal final, peso corporal final vazio e o peso dos órgãos internos, exceto para o coração, demonstrando que o sistema de aleitamento fracionado não altera as avaliações dos órgãos internos.

The objective was to evaluate the blood profile together with the relative and absolute size of the internal organs of calves in conventional or fractionated feeding system. Ten females were used, with an average initial body weight of 37.53 kg (±2.36), and 12 males with a mean body weight of 81.6 kg (±8.6), both Holstein breed. The conventional feeding consisted of four liter milk supplied daily for 54 days of evaluation, and fractioned six liter milk was given from 6 to 25 days of age, four liter from 26 to 45 days of ager, and two liter from 46 to 59 days of age. Cynodon sp. hay, water and mineral supplement was provided ad libitum. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates for blood parameters and six replicates for the development of internal organs. Blood collections were performed in females on days seven, 21, 28, 42, 49 and 56 of age. For the evaluation of internal organs males were slaughtered at two months of age, after 16 hours of fasting. No differences occurred in the values of total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, urea, cholesterol and β-hydroxybutyrate in ages evaluated (p>0.05). However, for the concentration of glucose no interaction was found between lactation systems and periods evaluated. It can be noted that at 21 days of age the concentration was higher in calves kept in the fractionated system, when compared with animals of the conventional group. The feeding system did not affect the final body weight, the empty body weight or the weight of the internal organs, except for the heart, demonstrating that the fractional feeding system does not alter the assessment of the internal organs.

1395 downloads

15.

Evaluación del riesgo nutricional de los adolescentes escolarizados en Cantabria
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De-Rufino Rivas, P.M.

; Antolín Guerra, O.

; Casuso Ruiz, I.

; Mico Diaz, C.

; Amigo Lanza, T.

; Noriega Borge, M.J.

; Santamaría Pablos, A.

; Sobaler Castañeda, S.

; Jaen Canser, P.

; Carrasco Martinez, M.

; Salcines Medrano, R.

; Rivero Benito, L.A.

; Redondo Figuero, C.

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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mar 2014, Volume 29 N. 3 Pages 652 - 657

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: To analyse nutritional risk, by age and sex, among primary and secondary education adolescents from Cantabria. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was carried out, analysing a sample of 1101 adolescents: 568 (51.6%) were men and 533 (48.4%) were women, aged 12 to 17, attending 16 different primary and secondary education centres in Cantabria, by means of a Krece Plus questionnaire. Results: A high percentage of adolescents with a high nutritional risk (35%) can be observed. Men show a high nutritional risk slightly higher than women (37.8% ♂ vs 32.1% ♀). Moreover, the high nutritional risk experiences a notable increase as young people get older. Significant statistical differences can be seen both in male and female groups, and as a global group. In all three cases, the nutritional risk distribution in the youngest group is very similar (35.2-35.8% in ♂, 27.9-29.7% in ♀, 31.7-32.7% in the global group); whereas in elder adolescents, those values are practically doubled (57.1% in ♂, 69.0% in ♀, y 62.2% in the global group). Conclusions: Results are alarming mainly given the high percentage of adolescents with a high nutritional risk. Men and older adolescents are the groups in which high nutritional risk is more evident.

Objetivo: Evaluar el riesgo nutricional, por edad y sexo, que presentan los adolescentes escolarizados en la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria. Sujetos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, analizando una muestra de 1101 adolescentes, de los que 51,6% eran varones y 48,4% fueron mujeres de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 17 años, escolarizados en centros de enseñanza pública, mediante el cuestionario Krece Plus. Resultados: Se observa un elevado porcentaje de adolescentes que presentan un riesgo nutricional elevado (35%). Los varones presentan un riesgo nutricional alto en un porcentaje ligeramente superior a las mujeres (37,8 % vs 32,1%). Además, el riesgo nutricional alto sufre un notable incremento a medida que la edad de los jóvenes aumenta. Se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas tanto en los grupos de edad de los varones (p = 0,024), de las mujeres (p < 0,001) como en el grupo global (p = 0,001). En los tres casos, la distribución del riego nutricional en los grupos de menor edad es muy similar (entre 35,2 y 35,8% en los ♂, entre 27,9 y 29,7% en las ♀, y entre 31,7 y 32,7% en el grupo total). Mientras que en el grupo de mayor edad estos valores prácticamente se duplican (57,1% en los ♂, 69,0% en las ♀, y 62,2 % en el grupo total). Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos muestran una realidad preocupante debido, principalmente, al elevado porcentaje de adolescentes que presentan un riesgo nutricional elevado. Siendo los varones y los adolescentes de mayor edad los sectores en los que este riesgo nutricional elevado es superior.

https://doi.org/10.3305/NH.2014.29.3.7190 2110 downloads

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