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Resumen Se amplía el conocimiento sobre la distribución geográfica de Aedes patersoni Shanon y Del Ponte, Ae. scapularis (Rondani), Culex dolosus (Lynch Arribálzaga), Mansonia indubitans Dyar y Shannon, Psorophora cingulata (Fabricius), Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis separatus (Lynch Arribálzaga), Tx. purpureus (Theobald), Tx. theobaldi s. l. Dyar & Knab y Uranotaenia lowii Theobald en el Noroeste de Argentina. Asimismo, brindan las primeras localidades conocidas para Ma. indubitans en la provincia de Salta y para Ae. serratus (Theobald), Ma. titillans (Walker) y Ps. ciliata (Fabricius) en la provincia de Jujuy. Se discute sobre la presencia de Ae. fulvithorax (Lutz) en la provincia de Salta, de Ps. pallescens Edwards en la provincia de Jujuy, de Ur. pulcherrima Lynch Arribálzaga en Santiago del Estero y de Anopheles pictipennis (Philippi) en Argentina. Esta contribución actualiza la lista de mosquitos para las provincias del noroeste argentino, incrementando su número en Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero y Tucumán a 68, 26, 102, 29 y 70 especies, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, se aporta información sobre el hábitat en el que se recolectaron y la importancia sanitaria de las especies mencionadas, así como una lista completa de las especies presentes en las provincias del noroeste argentino.

Abstract The knowledge about the geographical distribution of Aedes patersoni Shanon and Del Ponte, Ae. scapularis (Rondani), Culex dolosus (Lynch Arribálzaga), Mansonia indubitans Dyar and Shannon, Psorophora cingulata (Fabricius), Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis separatus (Lynch Arribálzaga), Tx. purpureus (Theobald), Tx. theobaldi s. l. Dyar & Knab and Uranotaenia lowii Theobald in the Northwest of Argentina is extended. Likewise, they provided the first known localities for Ma. indubitans in the province of Salta and for Ae. serratus (Theobald), Ma. titillans (Walker) and Ps. ciliata (Fabricius) in the province of Jujuy. The presence of Ae. fulvithorax (Lutz), Ps. pallescens Edwards in Jujuy, Ur. pulcherrima Lynch Arribálzaga in Santiago del Estero and Anopheles pictipennis (Philippi) in Argentina, is discussed. This contribution updates the list of mosquitoes for the northwestern provinces of Argentina, increasing their numbers of species in Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero and Tucumán to 68, 26, 102, 29 and 70 species, respectively. Additionally, information on the habitat of immature stages and the sanitary importance of the species mentioned is provided, as well as a complete list of the species present in the northwestern provinces of Argentina.

Soil organic matter in biogenic, intermediate and physicogenic aggregates under agroecological management
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Rossi, Celeste Q.

; Pinto, Luiz A. da S. R.

; Moura, Octávio V. T. de

; Loss, Arcangelo

; Pereira, Marcos G.

Revista Caatinga

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mar 2023, Volume 36 N. 1 Pages 167 - 176

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Agroecological management can favor the improvement of soil attributes, especially soil organic matter (SOM) and soil aggregation. The objective of the study was to quantify the carbon contents of the humic and oxidizable fractions of SOM of aggregates from different origins from agroecological management systems. Five experimental areas located in the Integrated Agroecological Production System were evaluated: AFS – Agroforestry System; C-SUN – Coffee in full sun; C-SHA – Shaded coffee; AL-FLE – Cultivation in alleys of Flemingia macrophylla with green beans; and NT – No-tillage. The aggregates were separated, identified, and classified as to their origin or formation pathways into biogenic, intermediate, and physicogenic. The carbon contents of the humic fractions fulvic acid (C-FAF), humic acid (C-HAF) and humin (C-HUMF); and oxidizable fractions (F1 and F2, labile; and F3 and F4, recalcitrant) of SOM were determined. The greatest variations in the carbon values of the humic fractions were observed in the aggregates of the AFS, C-SUN and C-SHA systems. In relation to C-HUMF, the highest contents of this fraction were quantified in the biogenic and intermediate aggregates of the C-SUN, C-SHA and AL-FLE systems. The carbon contents of the oxidizable fractions of SOM showed variability between the management systems, mainly for the F1, F2 and F3 fractions in the aggregates under C-SUN and C-SHA. The C-SUN system showed a higher proportion of more humified and recalcitrant fractions of SOM when compared to the C-SHA system. The management practices maids in the agroecological systems of C-SHA, C-SUN and AFS promoted improvements in soil quality.

RESUMO O manejo agroecológico pode favorecer a melhoraria dos atributos do solo, com destaque para a matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) e agregação do solo. O objetivo do estudo foi quantificar os teores de carbono das frações húmicas e oxidáveis da MOS de agregados de diferentes origens de sistemas de manejo agroecológico. Foram avaliadas cinco áreas experimentais localizadas no Sistema Integrado de Produção Agroecológica: SAF – Sistema agroflorestal; C-SOL – Café em pleno sol; C-SOM – Café sombreado; AL-FLE – Cultivo em aleias de flemíngia com vagem; e PD – Plantio direto. Os agregados foram separados, identificados e classificados quanto à sua origem ou vias de formação em biogênicos, intermediários e fisiogênicos. Nestes, foram determinados os teores de carbono das frações ácido fúlvico (C-FAF), ácido húmico (C-FAH) e humina (C-FHUM); e das frações oxidáveis (F1 e F2, frações lábeis; e F3 e F4, frações recalcitrantes). As maiores variações nos valores de carbono das frações húmicas foram verificadas nos agregados sob SAF, C-SOL e C-SOM. Em relação ao C-FHUM, nos agregados biogênicos e intermediários de C -SOL, C-SOM e AL-FLE foram quantificados os maiores teores dessa fração. Os teores de carbono das frações oxidáveis apresentaram variabilidade entre os sistemas de manejo, principalmente para as frações F1, F2 e F3 nos agregados sob C-SOL e C-SOM. No sistema de C-SOL verifica-se maior proporção de frações mais humificadas e recalcitrantes da MOS em comparação à C-SOM. As práticas de manejo empregadas nos sistemas agroecológicos de C-SOM, C-SOL e SAF proporcionaram melhorias na qualidade do solo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n118rc

Effects of autolyzed yeast on leukocyte oxidative metabolism and pneumonia occurrence in feedlot steers
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Garbossa, Gabriela

; Delarezi, Dailis

; Rossi, Patrícia S.

; Thomaz, Gabriela R.

; Flores, Gabriel B.

; Horner, Willi

; Neumann, Mikael

; Peres, Jayme A.

; Bertagnon, Heloísa G.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07066

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Although yeast supplementation has shown an immunostimulant effect in feedlot cattle, the question remains whether it influences the occurrence of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) in feedlot cattle. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with autolyzed yeast affects the efficiency of blood phagocytes, reducing inflammation and the occurrence of BRD in feedlot cattle. A randomized experimental trial was conducted with whole steers with half Angus blood for 106 days: control (n=10): diet without yeast; Y4 (n=12): yeast diet (4g per animal per day); and Y7 (n=7): yeast diet (7g per animal per day). On Days 0, 14, 42, 70, and 105, blood count, leukocyte oxidative metabolism, serum haptoglobin, frequency of nasal secretion and orbital temperature were evaluated. On slaughter day, a lung evaluation was performed. On Days 42 and 70 of feedlot finishing, the treated animals showed increased leukocyte oxidative metabolism (D42 P=0.04; D70 P=0.02) compared to the control group. These animals had a lower frequency of mucopurulent nasal secretion, lower orbital temperature and reduced pneumonia occurrence than the treated groups (P=0.05) with less lung lesion severity (P=0.01), allowing us to infer that the autolyzed yeast improves blood phagocytic function and decreases the inflammation and BRD of feedlot steers, especially at a dose of 4g.

RESUMO: Embora a suplementação com leveduras tenha demonstrado efeito imunoestimulante em bovinos, permanece-se a dúvida se ela influencia na ocorrência do complexo doença respiratória bovina (CDRB) em bovinos confinados. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar se a suplementação dietética com levedura autolisada influencia a eficiência de fagócitos sanguíneos, reduzindo inflamações e a ocorrência de CDRB em bovinos confinados. Realizou-se um ensaio experimental randomizado com 36 novilhos inteiros 1/2 sangue Angus por 106 dias: controle (n=10): dieta sem levedura; Y4 (n=12): dieta com levedura (4g por animal por dia); e Y7 (n=7): dieta com levedura (7g por animal por dia). Nos dias 0, 14, 42, 70 e 105, hemograma, metabolismo oxidativo de leucócitos, haptoglobina sérica, frequência de secreção nasal e temperatura orbital foram avaliados. No dia do abate, foi realizada avaliação pulmonar. Nos dias 42, e 70 de terminação em confinamento, os animais tratados apresentaram aumento do metabolismo oxidativo dos leucócitos (D42 P=0,04; D70 P=0,02) em relação ao grupo controle. Esses animais apresentaram menor frequência de secreção nasal mucopurulenta, menor temperatura orbital, menor ocorrência de pneumonias (P=0,05) com menor gravidade das lesões pulmonares (P=0,01), permitindo inferir que a levedura autolisada na dieta melhorou a eficiência dos fagócitos sanguíneos, reduzindo inflamações e a ocorrência de CDRB, especialmente na dosagem de 4g.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7066

Relationship of residual feed intake with semen parameters and testicular ultrasound of Nellore bulls
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Borges, Marcelo Sant’Ana

; Silva, Marina de Oliveira

; Fernandes, Luana Gomes

; Rodrigues, Naiara Nantes

; Rossi, Guilherme Fazan

; Freitas-Dell’Aqua, Camila de Paula

; Bonilha, Sarah Figueiredo Martins

; Mercadante, Maria Eugênia Zerlotti

; Monteiro, Fabio Morato

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2023, Volume 52 elocation e20220041

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate characteristics of the testicular parenchyma and vascular parameters of the pampiniform plexus obtained by ultrasound, semen quality parameters, and sperm freezability in Nellore bulls classified based on residual feed intake (RFI). Twenty-seven bulls (21.82±0.88 months of age) evaluated for feed efficiency were sampled for the study, including 15 with low RFI (−0.592±0.09 kg dry matter/day) and 12 with high RFI (0.792±0.10 kg dry matter/day). In ultrasound and Doppler assessment, the most efficient animals (low RFI) showed higher pulsatility and resistive indexes, as well as a tendency towards greater heterogeneity of the testicular parenchyma (0.625±0.032 vs. 0.508±0.032, 1.012±0.072 vs. 0.802±0.072, and 12.9±0.96 vs. 10.2±0.96, respectively, for low vs. high RFI). However, these animals tended to have lower peak diastolic velocity (5.19±0.50 for low RFI vs. 6.54±0.50 for high RFI). Analysis of fresh semen showed a lower percentage of minor defects in low RFI animals (2.67±1.19%) compared with high RFI animals (8.10±1.19%), without differences in the other parameters in fresh or thawed semen and after thermoresistance testing. Evaluation of flow cytometry parameters showed a higher quality of mitochondrial respiration in semen samples of low RFI animals (22.04±2.50%) compared with high RFI animals (12.29±2.71%). Therefore, although RFI exerts an effect on the Doppler parameters of the pampiniform plexus, it is not sufficient to affect the quality of fresh or thawed semen.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5220220041

Influence of Alloying Elements and Solution Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Microhardness of the Ni-Nb-M System (M = Al, Ti, Cr, Fe)
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Ottani, Vinicius C.

; Pereira, Mariana S.

; Arruda, Matheus S. T.

; Rossi, Mariana C.

; Afonso, Conrado R. M.

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 elocation e20230079

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ni-based superalloys are widely used in critical components of aircraft engines and turbines and also in the petrochemical industry, for applications in highly corrosive environments. These alloys have as main characteristics their superior mechanical, corrosion and oxidation resistance at high temperatures, as well as creep resistance. The chemical composition associated with carrying out heat treatments directly influences the phases formed (such as the ordered cubic phase γ’-Ni3(Al,Ti) in the fcc γ-Ni matrix), and depending on the alloying elements and fraction, there is the possibility of an increase in mechanical strength. There is a certain gap in the literature regarding the study of ternary superalloys based on Ni-Nb, and the influence of the third alloying element on the microstructure and microhardness. In this context, the objective of the study is to characterize pseudo-eutectic alloys of the Ni-15Nb-xM and Ni-20Nb-xM systems (xM = 2Al, 4Ti, 15Fe and 15Cr, wt.%) and investigate the influence of alloy elements and solution heat treating on their microstructure and properties through X-Ray Diffraction, Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Vickers Microhardness. Microhardness and microstructures were significantly influenced by the addition of alloying elements. The addition of Cr had a significant effect on the hardness of the cast samples. All alloys showed microhardness and microstructural changes after solution heat treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0079

Decreasing delays in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Brazil: a nationwide multicenter observational study
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Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires de

; Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides

; Santos, Ana Beatriz Vargas

; Bértolo, Manoel Barros

; Louzada Júnior, Paulo

; Giorgi, Rina Dalva Neubarth

; Radominski, Sebastião Cezar

; Guimarães, Maria Fernanda B. Resende

; Bonfiglioli, Karina Rossi

; Sauma, Maria de Fátima L. da Cunha

; Pereira, Ivânio Alves

; Brenol, Claiton Viegas

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Santos Neto, Leopoldo

; Pinheiro, Geraldo R. Castelar

Advances in Rheumatology

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2023, Volume 63 elocation 3

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Management delays imply worse outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and, therefore, should be minimized. We evaluated changes in diagnostic and treatment delays regarding RA in the last decades in Brazil. Methods Adults fulfilling the ACR/EULAR (2010) criteria for RA were assessed. Delays in diagnosis and treatment, and the frequencies of early management initiation within thresholds (windows of opportunity) of 3, 6, and 12 months from symptoms onset were evaluated. The Mann–Kendall trend test, chi-squared tests with Cramer’s V effect sizes and analysis of variance were conducted. Results We included 1116 patients: 89.4% female, 56.8% white, mean (SD) age 57.1 (11.5) years. A downward trend was found in diagnostic (tau = - 0.677, p < 0.001) and treatment (tau = - 0.695, p < 0.001) delays from 1990 to 2015. The frequency of early management increased throughout the period, with ascending effect sizes across the 3-, 6-, and 12-month windows (V = 0.120, 0.200 and 0.261, respectively). Despite all improvements, even in recent years (2011–2015) the diagnostic and treatment delays still remained unacceptably high [median (IQR): 8 (4–12) and 11 (5–17) months, respectively], with only 17.2% of the patients treated within the shortest, 3-month window. Conclusion The delays in diagnosis and treatment of RA decreased during the last decades in Brazil. Improvements (effect sizes) were greater at eliminating extreme delays (≥ 12 months) than in attaining really short management windows (≤ 3 months). Very early treatment was still an unrealistic goal for most patients with RA.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-022-00265-0

Ciudades, comunicación digital y pospandemia: de las smart cities al urbanismo de plataformas
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Rossi, Luis Sebastián R.

Universitas-XXI, Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas

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dec 2022, N. 37 Pages 123 - 146

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este trabajo aborda la antigua relación entre ciudades y comunicación digital a la luz de las aceleradas transformaciones tanto en la emergencia social, económica y sanitaria del Covid-19 como en la pospandemia. Con el objetivo de advertir cambios significativos en la agenda de nuestro campo y sus relaciones con dimensiones y teorías urbanísticas, nos aproximaremos desde una estrategia de revisión de la literatura académica a tres instancias fundamentales. En primer lugar, atenderemos a las condiciones que han hecho posible comprender las realidades urbanas en vinculación con máquinas de información tanto a través de aproximaciones morfológicas como en la historia concreta de las ciudades digitales a inicios de nuestra centuria. A continuación, nos detendremos en las definiciones y en las críticas a las smart cities cuya fuerza se hace legible como marco interpretativo para muchas de las tecnologías digitales en las ciudades de nuestra región y en el contexto particular de la crisis global. Finalmente, abordaremos el urbanismo de plataformas como perspectiva para indagar la proliferación y reconstrucción de espacios metropolitanos a través de la plataformización y de ecosistemas de aplicaciones. En estos aspectos descubriremos posibles líneas y temáticas de investigación para nuestro campo que —si no esperaron a la emergencia sanitaria para comenzar— guardan capacidad heurística para comprender y explicar las futuras realidades de las ciudades iberoamericanas a la luz de las mutaciones derivadas de la nueva normalización.

Abstract The paper will focus on the old connection between cities and digital communication in light of transformations speeded up both in the social, economic and health emergency of Covid-19 and in the post-pandemic. Thereby, the aim of the study will be to notice significant changes in the agenda of our field and its relations with urbanistic dimensions and theories. Therefore, it will undertake a strategy of academic literature review in three fundamental instances. Firstly, attention is turned to the conditions that have made possible to understand urban realities in relation to information machines. Secondly, the study will retrieve the definition and criticism of smart cities whose strength becomes legible as an interpretive framework for many digital technologies in cities of our region and in the particular context of global crisis. Finally, the article will address platform urbanism as a perspective that allows to investigate the spread and reconstruction of metropolitan spaces through platformization and app ecosystems. In these aspects we will find a possible agenda for our field that —if it did not wait for the health emergency to begin— has heuristic capacity for understanding and explaining the future realities of Iberoamerican cities in light of mutations derived from the new normalization.

https://doi.org/10.17163/uni.n37.2022.05 130 downloads

The drop plate method as an alternative for Azospirillum spp viable cell enumeration within the consensus protocol of the REDCAI network
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Salvo, Luciana P. Di

; García, Julia E.

; Puente, Mariana L.

; Amigo, Josefina

; Anríquez, Analía

; Barlocco, Claudia

; Benintende, Silvia

; Bochatay, Tatiana

; Bortolato, Marta

; Cassán, Fabricio

; Castaño, Carolina

; Catafesta, Melina

; Coniglio, Anahí

; Díaz, Marisa

; Galián, Liliana R.

; Gallace, Eugenia

; García, Patricia

; Salamone, Inés E. García de

; Landa, Marianela

; Liernur, Germán

; Maneiro, María Laura

; Massa, Rosana

; Malinverni, Julieta

; Marchessi, Nicolás

; Monteleone, Emilia

; Oviedo, Silvina

; Pobliti, Lucrecia

; Portela, Gabriela

; Radovancich, Débora

; Righes, Silvia

; Rocha, Rosina

; Cáceres, Enrique Rodríguez

; Rossi, Alejandro

; Santella, Gisela

; Tortora, María Laura

; Trejo, Nora

; Valenzuela, José A.

; Vallejo, Daniela

Revista argentina de microbiología

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jun 2022, Volume 54 N. 2 Pages 61 - 70

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La evaluación de la calidad de los inoculantes comerciales es fundamental para garantizar una adecuada respuesta de los cultivos a la inoculación dentro de un marco de bioseguridad. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue la estandarización y validación de la técnica de la microgota para la cuantificación de Azospirillum como metodología alternativa a la técnica de siembra en superficie, propuesta actualmente en el protocolo consenso de la Red de Calidad de Inoculantes, REDCAI. Entre 14 y 25 laboratorios, tanto privados como públicos, participaron de tres ensayos independientes. A partir de ellos se obtuvieron resultados reproducibles y robustos que permiten confirmar que ambas técnicas son equivalentes y concluir que la técnica de recuento por la microgota es una alternativa adecuada para ser incluida dentro del mencionado protocolo consenso.

Abstract Quality evaluation of commercial inoculants is essential to warrant an adequate cropresponse to inoculation within a biosecurity framework. In this sense, this work is aimed at standardizing and validating the drop plate method for the enumeration of Azospirillum viable cellsas an alternative to the spread plate technique, which is currently proposed in the consensusprotocol of the REDCAI network. Between 14 and 25 private and public laboratories partici-pated in three independent trials. We obtained consistent and robust results that allowed toconfirm that both techniques are equivalent, concluding that the drop plate method is an alternative enumeration technique that is adequate to be included in the abovementioned consensusprotocol.

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USE OF DIGITAL IMAGES TO CLASSIFY LEAF PHOSPHORUS CONTENT IN GRAPE TOMATOES
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Magalhães, Leonardo P. de

; Trevisan, Lucas R.

; Gomes, Tamara M.

; Rossi, Fabrício

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. spe elocation e20210147

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Leaf chemical analysis is one of the ways to assess plant development. However, this type of assessment is expensive and time-consuming. The variation of nutrient content in the leaves modifies the proportion of light reflected and absorbed by plants at different wavelengths. Being able to relate the color reflected by the leaves with their phosphorus (P) content and using this data as input into an artificial neural network (ANN) can be an alternative for its determination. For this, it is necessary to establish which colors are most correlated with the different nutrients. Therefore, the phosphorus content in tomato leaves was evaluated in this study, according to four treatments (0.25, 50, 75, and 100% of the P doses). Different vegetation indices were also evaluated using images of mini-tomato leaves through a principal component analysis to determine which ones would be suitable to serve as an input to an ANN (multilayer perceptron). DGCI (Dark Green Color Index) and Bn (Normalized Blue) were the indices most related to P content. The neural network obtained 90% accuracy in the classification after training using both sides of the leaves.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42nepe20210147/2022

10.

THERMAL IMAGING FOR STRESS ASSESSMENT IN RICE CULTIVATION DRIP-IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER
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Menegassi, Luana C.

; Benassi, Vinicius C.

; Trevisan, Lucas R.

; Rossi, Fabrício

; Gomes, Tamara M.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. 5 elocation e20220043

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lowland rice is traditionally irrigated by flood systems, demanding high water consumption. Localized irrigation by subsurface dripping is proposed as an alternative, in addition to the replacement of the source of water intended for human consumption with another of lower quality, such as saline water. However, plants can be affected by saline and/or water stress in both conditions, and the use of thermal imaging emerges as a tool to assess the plant status. In this context, this study aimed to identify the stress of subsurface drip-irrigated arborio rice under different salt concentrations and soil moisture by thermographic images. The design consisted of randomized blocks in a (2×4)+2 factorial with three replications, totaling 30 experimental plots. Soil solution salinity was assessed by electrical conductivity. The thermal images were processed by an algorithm to determine the normalized relative canopy temperature (NRCT) index at different crop development stages. Saline stress was identified by the NRCT index, with higher sensitivity of plants at the flowering stage with a rebalance over time, confirmed at grain filling and harvest stages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42n5e20220043/2022

11.

Anabolic steroids and their effects of on neuronal density in cortical areas and hippocampus of mice
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Damião, B.

; Rossi-Junior, W. C.

; Guerra, F. D. R.

; Marques, P. P.

; Nogueira, D. A.

; Esteves, A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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sep 2021, Volume 81 N. 3 Pages 537 - 543

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As substancias anabólicas tem sido cada vez mais utilizadas por fisiculturistas e atletas com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho e a estética. No entanto, essa prática tem causado algumas preocupações aos médicos e pesquisadores, devido ao desconhecimento das consequencias que o uso indiscriminado e ilícito dessas substâncias podem causar. Diante disso, este estudo analisou os efeitos de dois esteroides anabolizantes (EA) comercialmente disponíveis, Winstrol Depot® (Stanozolol) e Deposteron® (cipionato de testosterona), na densidade neuronal das regiões corticais límbica, motora e sensitive bem como das áreas CA1, CA2, CA3 do hipocampo. Foram utilizados 60 camundongos Swiss (30 machos e 30 fêmeas), separados em três grupos: controle e dois grupos experimentais, que receberam o EA. De cada cérebro, foram coletadas amostras homotípicas e semi-seriadas em cortes frontais das áreas estabelecidas para o estudo. Os resultados mostraram que as fêmeas tratadas com cipionato de testosterona apresentaram uma redução em todas as regiões analisadas já as fêmeas tratadas com Stanozolol mostraram uma diminuição em algumas áreas do hipocampo. Em relação aos animais machos, o stanozolol levou a uma diminuição na densidade neuronal em uma região do hipocampo. Estes dados nos permitem concluir que doses supra fisiológicas de esteroides utilizadas neste estudo podem causar danos consideráveis ao tecido nervoso com comprometimento ultraestrutural e consequentemente comportamental. Essas alterações podem interferir na perda de rendimento físico e no desempenho de atletas e não atletas e podem causar danos irreparáveis a indivíduos que fazem uso irresponsável destes EA.

Abstract Anabolic substances have been increasingly used by bodybuilders and athletes with the goal of improving performance and aesthetics. However, this practice has caused some concern to physicians and researchers because of unknowledge of consequences that the indiscriminate and illicit use of these substances can cause. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of two commercially available anabolic steroids (AS), Winstrol Depot® (Stanozolol) and Deposteron® (Testosterone Cypionate), in the neuronal density of limbic, motor and sensory regions on the cerebral cortex and in CA1, CA2, CA3 regions of the hippocampus. A total of 60 Swiss mice were used (30 males and 30 females), separated into three groups: control and two experimental groups, which received the AAS. From each brain, homotypic and semi-serial samples were taken in frontal sections from areas established for the study. The results showed that females treated with testosterone cypionate presented a reduction in all regions tested and the ones treated with Stanozolol showed a decrease in some hippocampal areas. Regarding male animals, stanozolol led to a decrease in neuron number in one hippocampal region. These data allow us to conclude that supra-physiological doses of steroids used in this study, can cause considerable damage to nervous tissue with ultrastructural and consequently behavioral impairment. These changes could interfere with the loss of physical yield and performance of athletes and non-athletes and may cause irreparable damage to individuals making irresponsible use of anabolic steroids.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.224642 1188 downloads

12.

Presence of Complete or Incomplete Septa in Human Jugular Foramens
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Oliveira-Neto, O. B

; Haddad, J

; Prado, F. B

; Rossi, A. C

; Monte-Bispo, R. F

; Sousa-Rodrigues, C. F

; Olave, E

; Freire, A. R

International Journal of Morphology

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feb 2021, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 45 - 49

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of anatomical variants in the exocranial surface of the jugular foramen, specifically, the presence of single or double and complete or incomplete septation. A cross-sectional anatomical study was performed using 96 Brazilian dry human skulls (53 male and 43 female). One examiner determined the number (single or double) and type (i.e. complete or incomplete) of osseous septation at the outer surface of jugular foramens. Data went through statistical analysis on GraphPad Prism 6.01. Our results shown that Male individuals where more likely to present normal jugular foramens (male = 71.69%, female = 34.88%; p = 0.003). However, one incomplete septation occurred more often on the right side of female individuals (1 incomplete septation, male = 16.98%; 1 incomplete septation, female = 34.88%; p = 0.044). Similarly, one complete septation (i.e. the presence of two fully divided jugular compartments) also occurred more often on the right side of female individuals (1 complete septation, male = 9.43%; 1 complete septation, female = 25.58%; p = 0.038). Anatomical variants of the jugular foramen regarding single or double complete or incomplete septations were more likely to be found on the right side of female individuals, whose also presented a higher rate of jugular foramens with any type of septation than regular non-altered jugular foramens.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la presencia de variaciones anatómicas en la superficie exocraneal del foramen yugular, especificamente, la presencia de septos únicos o dobles, completos o incompletos. El estudio fue realizado en 96 cráneos secos (53 masculinos y 43 femeninos) de indivíduos Brasileños. Se determinaron septos óseos completos o incompletos y número de ellos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron tratados estadísticamente con el programa GraphPad Prism 6.01. Los sujetos de sexo masculino fueron más propensos a presentar forámenes yugulares normales (sexo masculino: 71,69%; sexo femenino: 34,88%, p= 0,003). Sin embargo, se observaron septos incompletos con mayor frecuencia en el lado derecho y en el sexo femenino (sexo masculino: 16,98%; sexo femenino: 34,88%, p=0,044). Adicionalmente, una septación completa (presencia de dos compartimientos yugulares, divididos completamente), se presentaron más frecuentemente en el lado derecho de indivíduos femeninos (sexo masculino: 9,43%; sexo femenino: 25,58%, p= 0,038). Las variantes anatómicas del foramen yugular, en relación a septos simples o dobles, completos o incompletos, se encontraron con mayor frecuencia en el lado derecho de las mujeres, las que presentaron un alto rango de forámenes yugulares con algún tipo de septos respecto a los forámenes yugulares regulares no alterados.

390 downloads

13.

Biological behavior of magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite during bone repair
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Santos, G. G.

; Nunes, V. L. C.

; Marinho, S. M. O. C.

; Santos, S. R. A.

; Rossi, A. M.

; Miguel, F. B.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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feb 2021, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 53 - 61

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento biológico de microesferas de hidroxiapatita (HA) substituída com magnésio (Mg) durante o reparo de defeito ósseo crítico, tendo em vista que este íon é de grande interesse clínico, pois está intimamente associado à homeostasia e à mineralização óssea. Para tanto, utilizou-se 30 ratos para compor três grupos experimentais: GI - defeito ósseo preenchido com microesferas de HA; GII - defeito ósseo preenchido com microesferas de HA substituída com Mg; GIII (controle) - defeito ósseo vazio; avaliados nos pontos biológicos de 15 e 45 dias. Os resultados histológicos evidenciaram, aos 15 dias, discreto infiltrado inflamatório crônico e neoformação óssea restrita às bordas, em todos os grupos. Nos grupos GI e GII, os biomateriais mantiveram-se íntegros e circundados por tecido conjuntivo frouxo. Aos 45 dias, notou-se resposta inflamatória do tipo crônica granulomatosa discreta nos grupos GI e GII, e no GIII presença escassa de células inflamatórias mononucleares. As microesferas implantadas no GI e GII mantiveram-se, em sua maioria, íntegras e envolvidas por tecido conjuntivo fibroso. Notou-se discreta neoformação óssea próxima às bordas e circunjacente a algumas microesferas. No GIII, a mineralização limitou-se às bordas e a área remanescente foi preenchida por tecido conjuntivo fibroso. Conclui-se que os biomateriais foram biocompatíveis, bioativos, osteocondutores e apresentaram biodegradação lenta, indicando seu grande potencial para em aplicações clínica como biomaterial de preenchimento.

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the biological behavior and osteogenic potential of magnesium (Mg) substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres, implanted in a critical bone defect, considering that this ion is of great clinical interest, since it is closely associated with homeostasis and bone mineralization. For the purpose of this study, 30 rats were used to compose three experimental groups: GI - bone defect filled with HA microspheres; GII - bone defect filled with HA microspheres replaced with Mg; GIII - empty bone defect; evaluated at biological points of 15 and 45 days. The histological results, at 15 days, showed, in all the groups, a discrete chronic inflammatory infiltrate; biomaterials intact and surrounded by connective tissue; and bone neoformation restricted to the borders. At 45 days, in the GI and GII groups, an inflammatory response of discrete granulomatous chronic type was observed, and in the GIII there was a scarce presence of mononuclear inflammatory cells; in GI and GII, the microspheres were seen to be either intact or fragmented, surrounded by fibrous connective tissue rich in blood vessels; and discrete bone neoformation near the edges and surrounding some microspheres. In GIII, the mineralization was limited to the borders and the remaining area was filled by fibrous connective tissue. It was concluded that the biomaterials were biocompatible and osteoconductive, and the percentage of Mg used as replacement ion in the HA did not favor a greater bone neoformation in relation to the HA without the metal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.217769 606 downloads

14.

COMVC-19: A Program to protect healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. What we have learned
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Fukuti, Pedro

; Uchôa, Caroline Louise Mesquita

; Mazzoco, Marina Flaborea

; Cruz, Isabella D'Andrea Garcia da

; Echegaray, Mariana V.F.

; Humes, Eduardo de Castro

; Silveira, Júlia Belizário

; Santi, Talita Di

; Miguel, Euripedes Constantino

; Corchs, Felipe

; Fatori, Daniel

; Campello, Guilherme

; Oliveira, Gabriel M. de

; Argolo, Felipe C.

; Ferreira, Felipe de M.

; Machado, Gustavo

; Argeu, Adriana

; Oliveira, Graça Maria Ramos de

; Serafim, Antônio de Pádua

; Siqueira, Luciana de Lima

; Rossi, Luciane de

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Oliveira, Talita Rodrigues de

; Antoniazzi, Leilane C. K.

; Gagliotti, Daniel Augusto Mori

; Abelama Neto, Emílio

; Oliveira Junior, Paulo Novais de

; Correia, Aline Villalobo

; Gonçalves, Luca Schilling

; Tortato, Liana Silva

; Busato, Wagner Machado Moraes

; Guimarães-Fernandes, Flávio

; Alves, Marcos

; Leite Netto, Oswaldo Ferreira

; Schoueri, Patrícia de Campos Lindenberg

; Roque, Márcio de Assis

; Merlin, Silvia Stahl

; Boer, Giovana Cardoso Machado

; Sallet, Paulo Clemente

; Malbergier, André

; Spedo, Mariana Abrahão

; Kamitsuji, Carla Satie

; Faria, Elizabeth de

; Moreira, Moacyr Vergara de Godoy

; Kaufman, Arthur

; Abdo, Carmita

; Scanavino, Marco de Tubino

; Lancman, Selma

; Tavares, Hermano

; Polanczyk, Guilherme

; Brunoni, André R.

; Forlenza, Orestes V.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2631

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought a work and stress overload to healthcare workers, increasing their vulnerability to mental health impairments. In response, the authors created the COMVC-19 program. The program offered preventive actions and mental health treatment for the 22,000 workers of The Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). This paper aims to describe its implementation and share what we have learned from this experience. METHODS: Workers were able to easily access the program through a 24/7 hotline. Additionally, a mobile phone app that screened for signs and symptoms of emotional distress and offered psychoeducation and/or referral to treatment was made available. Data from both these sources as well as any subsequent psychiatric evaluations were collected. RESULTS: The first 20 weeks of our project revealed that most participants were female, and part of the nursing staff working directly with COVID-19 patients. The most frequently reported symptoms were: anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances. The most common diagnoses were Adjustment, Anxiety, and Mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a mental health program in a multimodal intervention was feasible in a major quaternary public hospital. Our data also suggests that preventive actions should primarily be aimed at anxiety and depression symptoms, with a particular focus on the nursing staff.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2631

15.

Modelo Cinético Integrador para Fluxo de Gás Resultante do Movimento de Transferência de Massa em um Canal de Placas Heterogêneas
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DA ROSA, C. E.

; ROSSI, F. D.

; JACOBI, L. F.

; KNACKFUSS, R. F.

TEMA (São Carlos)

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dec 2020, Volume 21 N. 3 Pages 559 - 581

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os fenômenos que envolvem a dinâmica de gases rarefeitos para fluxo de gases em micro-canais têm sido fonte de estudo em várias pesquisas. A Equação de Boltzmann descreve tais fenômenos sendo que a partir da sua simplificação surge a teoria cinética para a dinâmica dos gases rarefeitos. Os modelos cinéticos apresentam resultados sólidos e é abordado, neste estudo, em uma versão analítica através do método de ordenadas discretas. Dessa maneira, exploramos um modelo mais próximo da realidade, comparando os valores numéricos gerados por quatro modelos cinéticos derivados de maneira unificada da Equação Linearizada de Boltzmann. Em termos de viscosidade e condutividade térmica os modelos são confrontados baseados na estatística não paramétrica para problemas da dinâmica de gases rarefeitos resultantes do movimento de transferência de massa. Além disso, utiliza-se a interação gás-superfície definida pelo núcleo de Cercignani-Lampis ao longo de um canal para placas heterogêneas.

ABSTRACT The phenomena that involve the rarefied gas dynamics for gas flow in micro-channels have been a source of study in several studies. The Boltzmann Equation describes such phenomena, and from its simplification comes the kinetic theory for the dynamics of rarefied gases. The kinetic models present reliable results and are analyzed in this study under an analytical version using the discrete ordinate method. Therefore, we explore a model closer to reality, comparing the numerical values generated by four kinetic models derived in a unified way from Boltzmann’s Linearized Equation. In terms of viscosity and thermal conductivity, the models are compared based on non-parametric statistics for problems with rarefied gas dynamics resulting from the mass transfer movement. Also, the gas-surface interaction defined by the Cercignani-Lampis nucleus along a channel for heterogeneous plates is used.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tema.2020.021.03.0559 254 downloads

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