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ABSTRACT Introduction: Brazil has the largest public and universal healthcare system in the world, but little is known about the outcomes of patients on hemodialysis (HD) in the country according to the source of funding for the treatment. Objective: To compare the profile and survival of patients under HD treatment funded by the Public Healthcare System (SUS) to those with private insurance. Methods: Retrospective analysis of adults undergoing HD between 2012 and 2017 in 21 dialysis centers in Brazil that provided both by the SUS and private health insurance. Participants, regardless of the paying source, received similar dialysis treatment. Data were censored after 60 months of follow-up or at the end of 2019. Results: 4,945 patients were included, 59.7% of which were financed by the SUS. Patients financed by SUS, compared to those with private insurance, were younger (58 vs. 60 years; p < 0.0001) and with a lower prevalence of diabetes (35.8% vs. 40.9%; p < 0.0001). The 60-month survival rates in these groups were 51.1% and 52.1%, respectively (p = 0.85). In the analysis of the subdistribution proportional hazard ratio by the Fine-Gray model, including adjustment for concurrent outcomes, a significant increase in the risk ratio for death was found (1.22 [95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.43]) in patients with treatment funded by the SUS. Conclusions: Patients on HD with treatment funded by the SUS have a higher adjusted risk of death when compared to those with private insurance, despite similar dialysis treatment. Factors not directly related to dialysis therapy could explain this difference.

Resumo Introdução: O Brasil possui o maior sistema público e universal de saúde do mundo, mas pouco se sabe sobre os desfechos dos pacientes em hemodiálise (HD) no país de acordo com a fonte de financiamento do tratamento. Objetivo: Comparar o perfil e a sobrevida dos pacientes que têm o tratamento de HD custeado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) com aqueles com convênio privado. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos adultos incidentes em HD entre 2012 e 2017 em 21 centros de diálise no Brasil que atendiam tanto pelo SUS quanto por convênios privados. Os participantes, independentemente da fonte pagadora, receberam tratamento dialítico semelhante. Os dados foram censurados com 60 meses de acompanhamento ou ao final de 2019. Resultados: Foram incluídos 4945 pacientes, sendo 59,7% financiados pelo SUS. Os pacientes financiados pelo SUS, em comparação aos que tinham convênio privado, eram mais jovens (58 vs 60 anos; p < 0,0001) e com menor prevalência de diabetes (35,8% vs 40,9%; p < 0,0001). As taxas de sobrevida, em 60 meses nesses grupos foram de 51,1% e 52,1%, respectivamente (p = 0,85). Na análise da razão de risco proporcional de subdistribuição pelo modelo de Fine-Gray, incluindo ajuste para desfechos concorrentes, foi encontrado um aumento significativo na razão de risco para morte (1,22 [intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,04 a 1,43]) nos pacientes com tratamento custeado pelo SUS. Conclusões: Pacientes em HD com tratamento custeado pelo SUS têm um risco ajustado de morte mais elevado do que aqueles com convênio privado, apesar do tratamento dialítico semelhante. Fatores não relacionados diretamente à terapia dialítica poderiam justificar esta diferença.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2022-0131en

Management strategies for Anredera cordifolia in coffee culture
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Silva, Paulo V. da

; Coeti, João P. Z.

; Ferrari, Andrea

; Melo, Karolainy T. da S.

; Dias, Roque de C.

; Schedenffeldt, Bruna F.

; Monquero, Patricia A.

; Salmazo, Pedro A. V.

; Medeiros, Elias S. de

; Bicalho, Carolina C.

; Mauad, Munir

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2023, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 585 - 592

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Coffee plantations installed at high altitudes and near forested areas have been highly infested with Anredera cordifolia. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of different pre- and post-emergence herbicide treatments on A. cordifolia after mechanical mowing. A field experiment was carried out in a coffee plantation with natural infestation of A. cordifolia in a completely randomized design with a split-plot scheme and four replicates, in which the main plot an herbicides application and the subplot was the days after the initial application (DAI). The treatments were as follows: saflufenacil + glyphosate (70 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); chlorimuron + glyphosate (80 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); metsulfuron + glyphosate (6 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); flumioxazin + glyphosate (25 + 960 g a.i. ha-1), and glyphosate (960 g a.i. ha-1); with sequential application of glyphosate (960 g a.i. ha-1); glyphosate + indaziflam (960 + 75 g a.i. ha-1); indaziflam (75 g a.i. ha-1); and a control without herbicide application. Mechanical control, followed by the application of the treatments flumioxazin + glyphosate and metsulfuron + glyphosate in the first application and sequential application of indaziflam, proved to be effective. Control of this weed should be based on the removal of its plant residues from the field to reduce the regrowth and germination of aerial tubers.

RESUMO Plantações de café instaladas em altitudes elevadas e próximas a áreas florestais têm sido altamente infestadas por Anredera cordifolia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de diferentes tratamentos herbicidas pré e pós-emergência sobre A. cordifolia após roçada mecânica. Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento de campo em uma lavoura de café com infestação natural de A. cordifolia em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema de parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições, sendo a parcela principal os tratamentos com aplicação de herbicida e a subparcela os dias após a aplicação inicial (DAI). Os tratamentos foram compostos por: saflufenacil + glifosato (70 + 960 g i. a. ha-1); clorimuron + glifosato (80 + 960 g i. a. ha-1); metsulfuron + glifosato (6 + 960 g i. a. ha-1); flumioxazin + glyphosate (25 + 960 g i. a. ha-1) e glifosato (960 g i. a. ha-1); com uma aplicação sequencial de: glifosato (960 g i. a. ha-1); (6) glifosato + indaziflam (960 g i. a. ha-1); e indaziflam (75 g i. a. ha-1), além de uma testemunha sem aplicação de herbicida. O manejo integrado é fundamental para o controle adequado de A. cordifolia, devido ao seu desenvolvimento vegetativo agressivo. O controle mecânico, seguido da aplicação dos tratamentos flumioxazin + glyphosate e metsulfuron + glyphosate na primeira aplicação e indaziflam sequencial mostrou-se eficaz. O controle dessa planta daninha deve ser baseado na remoção de seus resíduos vegetais do campo para reduzir a rebrota e a germinação de tubérculos aéreos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n8p585-592

Survival in hemodialysis in Brazil according to the source of payment for the treatment: Public Healthcare System (SUS) versus private insurance
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Barra, Ana Beatriz Lesqueves

; Silva, Ana Paula Roque da

; Canziani, Maria Eugenia F.

; Lugon, Jocemir Ronaldo

; Matos, Jorge Paulo Strogoff de

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2023, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2022-0131en

A comprehensive review on monitoring and purification of water through tunable 2D nanomaterials
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Areche, F. O.

; Mamani, C. M. C.

; Cárdenas, J. A. L.

; Sumarriva-Bustinza, L. A.

; Pastrana, P. A. P.

; Porras-Roque, M. S.

; Huayapa, M. A. C.

; Zea, C. Y. H.

; Rios, O. G. V.

; Montes, J. E. S.

; Paitan-Anticona, E. N.

; Chávez-Sumarriva, N. L.

; Paucarmayta, A. A. M.

; Araujo, V. G. S.

; Paucarmayta, M. H. M.

; Carrasco, S. M.

; Yapias, R. J. M.

; Paricanaza-Ticona, D.C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e273843

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Instead of typical household trash, the heavy metal complexes, organic chemicals, and other poisons produced by huge enterprises threaten water systems across the world. In order to protect our drinking water from pollution, we must keep a close eye on the situation. Nanotechnology, specifically two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, is used in certain wastewater treatment systems. Graphene, g-C3N4, MoS2, and MXene are just a few examples of emerging 2D nanomaterials that exhibit an extraordinary ratio of surface (m3), providing material consumption, time consumption, and treatment technique for cleaning and observing water. In this post, we'll talk about the ways in which 2D nanomaterials may be tuned to perform certain functions, namely how they can be used for water management. The following is a quick overview of nanostructured materials and its possible use in water management: Also discussed in length are the applications of 2D nanomaterials in water purification, including pollutant adsorption, filtration, disinfection, and photocatalysis. Fluorescence sensors, colorimetric, electrochemical, and field-effect transistors are only some of the devices being studied for their potential use in monitoring water quality using 2D nanomaterials. Utilizing 2D content has its benefits and pitfalls when used to water management. New developments in this fast-expanding business will boost water treatment quality and accessibility in response to rising awareness of the need of clean, fresh water among future generations.

Resumo Em vez do lixo doméstico típico, os complexos de metais pesados, produtos químicos orgânicos e outros venenos produzidos por grandes empresas ameaçam os sistemas de água em todo o mundo. Para proteger nossa água potável da poluição, devemos ficar de olho na situação. A nanotecnologia, especificamente nanomateriais bidimensionais (2D), é usada em certos sistemas de tratamento de águas residuais. Grafeno, g-C3N4, MoS2 e MXene são apenas alguns exemplos de nanomateriais 2D emergentes que exibem uma extraordinária proporção de superfície (m3), proporcionando consumo de material, consumo de tempo e técnica de tratamento para limpeza e observação da água. Neste trabalho, trataremos das maneiras pelas quais os nanomateriais 2D podem ser ajustados para desempenhar determinadas funções, ou seja, como eles podem ser usados para o gerenciamento de água. A seguir, uma breve visão geral dos materiais nanoestruturados e seu possível uso no gerenciamento de água. Serão também discutidas detalhadamente as aplicações de nanomateriais 2D na purificação de água, incluindo adsorção de poluentes, filtração, desinfecção e fotocatálise. Sensores de fluorescência, colorimétricos, eletroquímicos e transistores de efeito de campo são apenas alguns dos dispositivos que estão sendo estudados para uso potencial no monitoramento da qualidade da água usando nanomateriais 2D. A utilização de conteúdo 2D tem seus benefícios e armadilhas quando utilizada para gerenciamento de água. Novos desenvolvimentos neste negócio em rápida expansão visam aumentar a qualidade e a acessibilidade do tratamento de água em resposta à crescente conscientização sobre a necessidade de água limpa e fresca entre as gerações futuras.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.273843

Physiology and production of sugar-apple under water stress and application of proline
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Torres, R. A. F.

; Lima, G. S.

; Paiva, F. J. S.

; Soares, L. A. A.

; Silva, F. A.

; Silva, L. A.

; Oliveira, V. K. N.

; Mendonça, A. J. T.

; Roque, I. A.

; Silva, S. T. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e273404

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiology and production of sugar-apple as a function of irrigation intervals and foliar application of proline under the conditions of Paraíba’s semi-arid region. A randomized block design was laid out in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with treatments resulting from the combination of four irrigation intervals (1, 4, 8 and 12 days) and two concentrations of proline (0 and 10 mM), with four replicates, and the plot consisted of four usable plants. Increase in irrigation intervals reduced the gas exchange of sugar-apple plants at 298 days after transplanting. Exogenous application of proline at concentration of 10 mM increased contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids and fruit fresh mass in plants grown under 12-day irrigation intervals.

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a fisiologia e a produção da pinheira em função dos turnos de rega e aplicação foliar de prolina em condições do semiárido Paraibano. Foi utilizado o delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 × 2, cujos tratamentos resultam da combinação de quatro turno de rega (1, 4, 8 e 12 dias) e duas concentrações de prolina (0 e 10 mM), com quatro repetições, cuja a parcela foi constituída de quatro plantas úteis. O incremento nos turnos de rega reduziu as trocas gasosas das plantas de pinheira, aos 298 dias após o transplantio. A aplicação de prolina na concentração de 10 mM aumentou o extravasamento de eletrólitos no limbo foliar, a condutância estomática e diminuiu a concentração interna de CO2 das plantas de pinheira. A aplicação exógena de prolina na concentração de 10 mM aumentou os teores de clorofila a, b, total e carotenoides e a massa fresca de frutos nas plantas cultivadas sob turno de rega de 12 dias.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.273404

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

The Brazilian version of the SCOFF questionnaire to screen eating disorders in young adults: cultural adaptation and validation study in a university population
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Teixeira, Ananda A.

; Roque, Marco A.

; de Freitas, André A.

; dos Santos, Nicole F.

; Garcia, Flávia M.

; Khoury, Júlia M.

; Albuquerque, Maicon R.

; das Neves, Maila de C.

; Garcia, Frederico D.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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dec 2021, Volume 43 N. 6 Pages 613 - 616

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objective: This study translated, culturally adapted, and validated a Brazilian Portuguese version (SCOFF-BR) of the Sick, Control, One Stone, Fat, Food Questionnaire (SCOFF) to screen eating disorders in young adults. Methods: This study used back-translation to culturally adapt the questionnaire according to International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcome Research principles. The SCOFF-BR validation process involved a sample of men and women aged 18-32 years from a university community. After the participants completed the SCOFF-BR questionnaire, pre-trained researchers interviewed them with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The presence of eating disorders was determined according to DSM-5 criteria. Results: Of the 361 subjects, 9.7% had an eating disorder (2.2% anorexia nervosa, 5% bulimia nervosa, and 2.5% binge-eating disorder). Using a cutoff point of two positive responses, we obtained a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 71.5%, with an accuracy of 72.3%. The positive and negative predictive values were 23.1% and 97.1%, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the Brazilian version of the SCOFF questionnaire presents satisfactory accuracy and reliability to screen eating disorders among young adults in the Brazilian university community.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1667

Development of wheat plants coinoculated with rhizobium strains
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Roque, Wellington F.

; Guimarães, Salomão L.

; Bonfim-Silva, Edna M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2021, Volume 25 N. 11 Pages 758 - 763

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar a eficiência da coinoculação de bactérias diazotróficas no desenvolvimento de cultivares de trigo em Oxisol do Cerrado. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, esquema fatorial 13 x 3 com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense (estirpes AbV5 e AbV6 combinadas) e coinoculação com Bradyrhizobium japonicum (estirpes SEMIA 5079 e SEMIA 5080 combinadas, e estipe BR3267), Rhizobium Tropici (estirpes MT08 e MT15), R. leguminosarum (estirpe MT16), de forma isolada ou combinada, testados em três cultivares de trigo: BRS 394, BRS 264 e BRS 254. As variáveis analisadas foram, concentração, acúmulo de nitrogênio e proteína bruta nos grãos, massa de 100 grãos e massa total dos grãos. O tratamento contendo a inoculação de inoculante comercial para feijão caupi apresentou a maior massa total de grãos (5,8766 g). Houve interação na concentração de nitrogênio nos grãos, com destaque da combinação de A. brasilense + MT 15 (R. tropici) e MT 15 isolados quando associados à cultivar BRS 264. A coinoculação com bactérias diazotróficas isoladas de plantas leguminosas tem potencial para uso em cultivares de trigo.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of diaztrophic bacteria coinoculation in wheat cultivars grown in Cerrado Oxisol. A randomized block design was used, with a 13 x 3 factorial scheme and four replicates. The treatments consisted of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (strains AbV5 and AbV6 strains combined) and coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strains SEMIA 5079 and SEMIA 5080 combined, and strain BR3267), as well as Rhizobium tropici (strains MT08 and MT15) and R. leguminosarum (strain MT16) combined or in isolation, tested in wheat cultivars BRS 394, BRS 264 and BRS 254. The variables analyzed were grain nitrogen concentration and accumulation and crude protein content, 100-grain weight and total grain mass. The treatment containing the commercial cowpea inoculant showed a higher total grain mass (5.8766 g). Interaction was observed for grain nitrogen concentration, particularly for A. brasilense + MT 15 (R. tropici) and MT 15 in wheat cultivar BRS 264. Coinoculation with diazotrophic bacteria isolated from leguminous plants shows potential for use in wheat cultivars.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n11p758-763 103 downloads

Spatio-temporal variation of Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) populations in Brazil according to meteorological factors
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Claudino, Vander C. M.

; Specht, Alexandre

; Fidelis, Elisangela G.

; Roque-Specht, Vânia F.

; Montezano, Débora G.

; Martins, Pedro R.

; Silva, Fernando A. M.

; Malaquias, Juaci V.

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volume 21 N. 1 elocation e20201114

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) tem sido reconhecida como uma das principais espécies consumidoras de gramíneas em todo o continente americano. Durante os surtos, as lagartas são capazes de consumir completamente os hospedeiros preferenciais (gramíneas) e, quando os hospedeiros preferenciais são destruídos, podem mover-se para plantas adjacentes não gramíneas e causar danos semelhantes. Variáveis meteorológicas, como temperatura e umidade, são conhecidas por afetar o desenvolvimento e a abundância de suas populações. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever e comparar a distribuição espaço-temporal de M. latipes em diferentes localidades do Brasil e avaliar a influência de variáveis meteorológicas sobre suas variações temporais. Foram avaliados 12 locais, em cada ponto de coleta foram instaladas armadilhas luminosas próximas às áreas de cultivo. Para entender a influência das variáveis meteorológicas na abundância de M. latipes, os dados foram analisados pelo Modelo Linear Generalizado, empregando a regressão de Poisson. Uma regressão linear também foi utilizada para verificar a relação entre a abundância e a latitude. Um total de 1.985 mariposas foram coletadas. Os maiores números de indivíduos foram coletados nos biomas Amazônia e Cerrado. Os resultados mostram que a abundância de mariposas está inversamente relacionada ao aumento da latitude. A análise de regressão de Poisson indicou que as principais variáveis meteorológicas foram significativamente relacionadas à abundância em cada local. Este estudo mostra que devido à preferência por gramíneas em estado vegetativo e às altas exigências de temperatura (30°C), M. latipes é uma espécie importante em regiões quentes, especialmente nas épocas de maior umidade. Além disso, mesmo em latitudes elevadas, durante os meses de verão, as populações podem aumentar rapidamente, podendo causar danos econômicos.

Abstract: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) has been recognized as a major owlet caterpillar associated to the herbivory of gramineaceous plants across the American continent. During outbreaks, the caterpillars are capable of completely consuming preferred hosts (grasses) and, when these hosts are destroyed, they can move to adjacent non-grass plants and cause similar damage. Meteorological variable such as temperature and humidity are described as factors that affect the development and abundance of M. latipes. This paper aimed to describe and compare the spatial and temporal distribution of M. latipes in different locations in Brazil and to evaluate the influence of meteorological variables on the temporal range. A total of 12 locations were evaluated, in each collection point light traps were installed near cultivated areas. In order to understand the influence of meteorological variables on the abundance of M. latipes, the data were analyzed using a Generalized Linear Model according to Poisson regression. A linear regression was also used to verify the relation between the abundance and the latitude. A total of 1,985 moths were collected. The highest collections were in Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Results show that abundance was inversely related to increasing latitude and Poisson regression analysis indicated that the main meteorological variables were significantly related to abundance at each site. This study shows that due to the high preference for gramineas and the high temperature requirements (30°C), M. latipes is an important species in hot regions and regions with hight humidity. Furthurmore, even in higher latitudes, in subtropical areas, during summer months, populations can Rapidly growth being able to cause economic damages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1114 561 downloads

10.

Modelos de redes de neurônios para o neocórtex e fenômenos emergentes observados
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Shimoura, Renan O.

; Pena, Rodrigo F. O.

; Kamiji, Nilton L.

; Lima, Vinícius

; Roque, Antonio C.

Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

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2021, Volume 43 Suppl. 1 elocation e20200452

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O córtex cerebral apresenta padrões específicos de atividade espontânea produzidos endogenamente. Esses estados são caracterizados com relação ao grau de sincronia da atividade coletiva dos neurônios e ao nível de irregularidade dos disparos de potenciais de ação dos neurônios individuais. Um problema colocado à neurociência teórica é como modelar a emergência de estados espontâneos síncronos e assíncronos a partir de uma mesma rede de neurônios de disparos. Neste artigo, três modelos que oferecem solução para esse problema são revistos. Os modelos utilizam neurônios de disparo da classe conhecida como integra-e-dispara e consideram diferentes estruturas de rede e dinâmicas sinápticas. Mecanismos adotados pelos modelos, como balanço entre excitação e inibição e adaptação dependente dos disparos, são discutidos e contextualizados. Em paralelo, este artigo apresenta alguns conceitos utilizados na modelagem de neurônios e sinapses, oferecendo uma rápida introdução à neurociência teórica.

The cerebral cortex displays specific patterns of spontaneous activity produced endogenously. These states are characterized with respect to the degree of synchrony of the collective neuronal activity and the level of irregularity of action potential spikes of individual neurons. A problem posed to theoretical neuroscience is how to model the emergence of synchronous and asynchronous spontaneous states from the same network of spiking neurons. In this article, three models that offer solutions to this problem are reviewed. The models use spiking neurons of the class known as integrate-and-fire and consider different network structures and synaptic dynamics. Mechanisms adopted by the models, like balance between excitation and inhibition and spiking-dependent adaptation, are discussed and contextualized. In parallel, this article presents some concepts utilized in the modelling of neurons and synapses, offering a quick introduction to theoretical neuroscience.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2020-0452 824 downloads

11.

Early liver function improvement following successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: a real-life study
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Lourenço, Mariana Sandoval

; Zitelli, Patricia Momoyo Y.

; Cunha-Silva, Marlone

; Oliveira, Arthur Ivan N.

; Lima, Roque Gabriel Rezende de

; Souza, Evandro de Oliveira

; Oliveira, Claudia P.

; Sevá-Pereira, Tiago

; Carrilho, Flair J.

; Pessoa, Mario G.

; Mazo, Daniel F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3186

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Despite higher rates of sustained virologic response (SVR), important concerns remain when patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) are treated with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA). Questions include efficacy, safety, and the magnitude of liver function improvement. Here, we aimed to evaluate HCV treatment data in this specific population in Brazil. METHODS: We included 85 patients with decompensated cirrhosis submitted to HCV therapy with DAA followed at two academic tertiary centers in the southeastern region of Brazil. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients (92.9%) were Child-Pugh (CP) score B, and six (7.1%) were CP score C. The mean MELD score was 12.86. The most common treatment was sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir±ribavirin for 24 weeks. The overall intention-to-treat (ITT) SVR rate was 87.4% (74/85) and modified-ITT 96.1% (74/77). ITT SVR was associated with lower baseline INR values (p=0.029). Adverse events (AE) occurred in 57.9% (44/76) of patients. Serious AE were reported in 12.8% (10/78), and were related to the presence of hepatic encephalopathy (p=0.027). SVR was associated with improvement in CP (p<0.0001) and MELD scores (p=0.021). Among baseline CP score B patients with SVR, 46% (29/63) regressed to CP score A. Ascites was independently associated with no improvement in liver function in patients who achieved SVR (p=0.001; OR:39.285; 95% CI:4.301-258.832). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with decompensated HCV cirrhosis showed a high SVR rate with interferon-free therapy. Early liver function improvement occurred after successful HCV eradication. However, long-term follow-up of these patients after SVR remains strongly advised.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3186

12.

Estimación de la temperatura de punto caliente en transformadores de potencia inmersos en aceite mineral utilizando regresión con vectores de soporte
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Cerón, Andrés F.

; Lozano, Roque A.

; Aponte, Guillermo

; Romero, Andrés A.

Información tecnológica

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aug 2020, Volume 31 N. 4 Pages 35 - 44

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: This article presents an innovative methodological development for the hot spot temperature estimation in mineral oil immersed power transformers by using the support vector regression (SVR). The SVR algorithm is based on the statistical learning theory and is part of the machine learning tools. It was used through a six stage implementation where an SVR model capable of estimating the variable under study is obtained. The method was applied to a real 30 MVA transformer with ONAN/ONAF cooling at 70/100 % of load using a database for a 10 year period. The developed SVR model was validated by comparison to the results obtained with the Dejan Susa model using statistical performance metrics. In conclusion, the results obtained indicate that the implemented SVR model allows estimating the hot spot temperature with high accuracy.

Resumen: En este artículo se presenta un desarrollo metodológico novedoso para la estimación de la temperatura de punto caliente en transformadores de potencia inmersos en aceite mineral, utilizando regresión con vectores de soporte (RVS). El algoritmo RVS se fundamenta en la teoría de aprendizaje estadístico y hace parte de las herramientas de aprendizaje automático, fue utilizado mediante la implementación de seis etapas, donde se obtiene un modelo de RVS capaz de estimar la variable bajo estudio. El método fue aplicado a un transformador real de 30 MVA con refrigeración ONAN/ONAF al 70/100 % de carga, donde se utilizó una base de datos para un periodo de 10 años. La validación del modelo de RVS desarrollado se realizó comparando con los resultados obtenidos del modelo Dejan Susa, usando métricas estadísticas de desempeño. En conclusión, los resultados obtenidos indican que la RVS implementada permite estimar con alta exactitud la temperatura de punto caliente.

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13.

Relación entre trastornos neurocognitivos, Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 y otros factores en adultos mayores del Centro Médico Naval del Perú, entre los años 2010 a 2015
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Zapata-Tragodara, Daniela

; Roque, Helaman

; Runzer-Colmenares, Fernando M.

; Parodi, José F.

Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría

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apr 2020, Volume 83 N. 2 Pages 87 - 96

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Summary Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, can be due to a defect in insulin secretion, a defect in its action, or both. Neurocognitive disorders or “organic mental disorders” present three categories: delirium, minor (or mild) impairment, and major neurocognitive disorder or dementia. These are two very prevalent conditions; several epidemiological studies have shown some characteristics common to both of them. Objective: To determine the relationship between Type 2 DM and neurocognitive disorders in an older adult population. Material and Methods: Analytical, retrospective, and secondary database study of investigations carried out between 2010 and 2015 in a population of 1,896 older adults, attended in the Geriatric service of the Naval Medical Center, the main hospital of the Peruvian Navy. Results: A higher frequency of male patients (58.4%) was found, the most frequent age group (46.4%) was 71-80 years, and the frequency of DM was 16.86%. In the bivariate analysis, 30.67% of participants with neurocognitive disorders had a history of DM, with statistically significant differences; in addition, variables such as age, sex, education, social support, polypharmacy, sedentary lifestyle and 7.03 average of glycosylated hemoglobin were also statistically significant. Conclusions: A relationship was found between DM and neurocognitive disorders. Being male seems to be a protective factor against cognitive decline. Hyperglycemia causes cognitive impairment, with glycosylated hemoglobin being a determinant test in the assessment of older diabetics with cognitive problems.

Resumen Introducción: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) se caracteriza fisiopatológicamente por alteraciones metabólicas tales como hiperglucemia crónica debida a un defecto en la secreción de insulina, en la acción de ésta o a una combinación de ambos factores. Los trastornos neurocognitivos o trastornos mentales orgánicos presentan tres categorías: delirium, trastorno neurocognitivo menor (para referirse a deterioro cognitivo leve) y trastorno neurocognitivo mayor, este último mejor conocido como demencia. Varios estudios epidemiológicos sobre trastornos neurocognitivos y DM han mostrado algunas características comunes a ambas patologías. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre DM y trastornos neurocognitivos en la población adulta mayor. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo con análisis secundario de bases de datos procedentes de investigaciones realizadas entre los años 2010 y 2015 en una población de 1896 adultos mayores, atendidos en el Servicio de Geriatría del Centro Médico Naval, el principal establecimiento hospitalario de la Marina de Guerra del Perú. Resultados: Se encontró una frecuencia mayor de pacientes del sexo masculino (58,4%), el grupo etario más frecuente de 71-80 años (46,4%) y una frecuencia de DM del 16,86%. En el análisis bivariado, un 30,67% de participantes con trastorno neurocognitivo tenían antecedente de Diabetes, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Una similar asociación estadística fue evidente en cuanto a variables como edad, sexo, educación, apoyo social, polifarmacia, sedentarismo y promedio de hemoglobina glicosilada (7.03). Conclusiones: Se documentó una relación entre Diabetes Mellitus y deterioro cognitivo. Sexo masculino parece constituír un factor protector de trastornos neurocognitivos. La hiperglucemia estaría relacionada con estos últimos y la hemoglobina glicosilada puede ser un test determinante en la valoración del adulto mayor diabético con problemas cognitivos.

https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v83i2.3751

14.

Granger causality in the frequency domain: derivation and applications
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Lima, Vinicius

; Dellajustina, Fernanda Jaiara

; Shimoura, Renan O.

; Girardi-Schappo, Mauricio

; Kamiji, Nilton L.

; Pena, Rodrigo F. O.

; Roque, Antonio C.

Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e20200007

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Physicists are starting to work in areas where noisy signal analysis is required. In these fields, such as Economics, Neuroscience, and Physics, the notion of causality should be interpreted as a statistical measure. We introduce to the lay reader the Granger causality between two time series and illustrate ways of calculating it: a signal X “Granger-causes” a signal Y if the observation of the past of X increases the predictability of the future of Y when compared to the same prediction done with the past of Y alone. In other words, for Granger causality between two quantities it suffices that information extracted from the past of one of them improves the forecast of the future of the other, even in the absence of any physical mechanism of interaction. We present derivations of the Granger causality measure in the time and frequency domains and give numerical examples using a non-parametric estimation method in the frequency domain. Parametric methods are addressed in the Appendix. We discuss the limitations and applications of this method and other alternatives to measure causality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2020-0007 1458 downloads

15.

Expression of Hsp60 and its cell location in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
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Fernandes, Fabrício Freitas

; Pitangui, Nayla S.

; Peron, Gabriela

; Valim, Clarissa X. R.

; Mazucato, Vívian M.

; Oliveira, Aline F.

; Silva, Thiago A. da

; Roque-Barreira, Maria-Cristina

; Panunto-Castelo, Ademilson

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e29

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Paracoccidioides species cause paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic mycosis highly prevalent in Brazil. Therapy of PCM has some issues that make studies for new therapeutic and vaccine targets relevant, such as the P. brasiliensis 60-kDa-heat-shock protein (PbHsp60), an immunogenic antigen that induces protection in experimental mice infection. Here, we investigated the relative expression of mRNA for PbHsp60 in P. brasiliensis in the different morphotypes of P. brasiliensis and in morphological transition phases. In addition, antibodies to rPbHsp60 were produced and used to analyze the location of PbHsp60 in yeast and hyphae by electron microscopy. The analyses showed a substantial increase in the relative amounts of HSP60 mRNA in yeast when compared to mycelium and an intermediate expression in transitional forms. Regarding the cell location, immunoelectron microscopy analysis revealed that PbHsp60 is within the cell wall. These observations suggest that this protein may be involved in the maintenance of the cell wall integrity and the interaction with the host for colonization, infection and pathogenesis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062029 431 downloads

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