Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the management organization of food and nutrition actions in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. This is a descriptive-exploratory study carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, in which each municipal food and nutrition manager answered questions about performance, governance and financing profile. Data analysis applied frequency, chi-square test and decision tree tools. All cities were included (n=79). Most of the participants were female (92.4%), white (62%), nurses (45.6%) or nutritionists (36.7%). Financial management proved to be so incipient in the state since specific food and nutrition funding was neglected. The absence of a technical area in the municipality’s organizational chart was consistent with the lack of knowledge of actions, goals and resource allocation. Their presence coincided with having formally appointed technical managers, municipal food and nutrition policy, goals and elaboration of specialized materials. The present study also proposed a decision tree pointing that having a nutritionist in the team led to a positive result. The failures found in this study partly clarify the causes of the unsettling situation in the state. Our findings can support the creation of intervention strategies.

Resumo Mato Grosso do Sul é líder nacional em mortes atribuíveis ao excesso de peso. O objetivo foi analisar a organização da gestão das ações da área de alimentação e nutrição dos municípios de MS. Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em MS, no qual cada gestor municipal de alimentação e nutrição respondeu sobre seu perfil, atuação, governança e financiamento. A análise de dados valeu-se de frequência, teste qui-quadrado e árvore de decisão. Todos participaram (n=79), a maioria era do sexo feminino (92,4%), raça/cor branca (62%), enfermeiros (45,6%) ou nutricionistas (36,7%). A gestão financeira mostrou-se tão incipiente no estado, que financiamentos específicos da área foram desprezados. A ausência de área técnica no organograma do município foi congruente com o desconhecimento de ações, metas e alocação de recursos; sua presença coincidiu com haver responsáveis técnicos formalmente indicados, política de alimentação e nutrição municipal, metas e elaboração de materiais. A árvore de decisão mostra que ter nutricionista na equipe traz efeitos positivos, como mais participação em processos decisórios. Falhas encontradas esclarecem, em parte, causas da grave situação do estado, e podem apoiar a criação de estratégias de intervenção.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the management organization of food and nutrition actions in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. This is a descriptive-exploratory study carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, in which each municipal food and nutrition manager answered questions about performance, governance and financing profile. Data analysis applied frequency, chi-square test and decision tree tools. All cities were included (n=79). Most of the participants were female (92.4%), white (62%), nurses (45.6%) or nutritionists (36.7%). Financial management proved to be so incipient in the state since specific food and nutrition funding was neglected. The absence of a technical area in the municipality’s organizational chart was consistent with the lack of knowledge of actions, goals and resource allocation. Their presence coincided with having formally appointed technical managers, municipal food and nutrition policy, goals and elaboration of specialized materials. The present study also proposed a decision tree pointing that having a nutritionist in the team led to a positive result. The failures found in this study partly clarify the causes of the unsettling situation in the state. Our findings can support the creation of intervention strategies.

Resumo Mato Grosso do Sul é líder nacional em mortes atribuíveis ao excesso de peso. O objetivo foi analisar a organização da gestão das ações da área de alimentação e nutrição dos municípios de MS. Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em MS, no qual cada gestor municipal de alimentação e nutrição respondeu sobre seu perfil, atuação, governança e financiamento. A análise de dados valeu-se de frequência, teste qui-quadrado e árvore de decisão. Todos participaram (n=79), a maioria era do sexo feminino (92,4%), raça/cor branca (62%), enfermeiros (45,6%) ou nutricionistas (36,7%). A gestão financeira mostrou-se tão incipiente no estado, que financiamentos específicos da área foram desprezados. A ausência de área técnica no organograma do município foi congruente com o desconhecimento de ações, metas e alocação de recursos; sua presença coincidiu com haver responsáveis técnicos formalmente indicados, política de alimentação e nutrição municipal, metas e elaboração de materiais. A árvore de decisão mostra que ter nutricionista na equipe traz efeitos positivos, como mais participação em processos decisórios. Falhas encontradas esclarecem, em parte, causas da grave situação do estado, e podem apoiar a criação de estratégias de intervenção.

Resumo Os geopolímeros figuram como uma alternativa potencial aos ligantes de cimento Portland em algumas aplicações. Contudo, existem muitas lacunas de pesquisa a serem preenchidas dentro dessa temática. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as propriedades reológicas e mecânicas de pastas geopoliméricas à base de cinza volante Classe F ativadas por uma solução de NaOH e Na2SiO3, com relações ativador/precursor de 0,5, 0,6 e 0,7, em massa. Além disso, foram realizadas análises microestruturais e químicas. As propriedades reológicas foram determinadas a partir de ensaios de fluxo com taxas de cisalhamento variando de 0 s-1 a 100 s-1 a 25 ºC. A análise mecânica foi realizada a partir de ensaios de resistência à compressão simples nas pastas endurecidas. Os resultados de resistência à compressão simples indicaram melhores valores para menores relações de ativador/precursor. Nos ensaios de fluxo, o material comportou-se como um fluido pseudoplástico e, com o aumento da relação ativador/precursor, houve redução dos valores de viscosidade aparente. Assim, avaliando-se os resultados mecânicos e reológicos, percebeu-se que a pasta que apresentou melhores propriedades foi a de relação ativador/precursor 0,6.

Abstract Geopolymers are a potential alternative substitute for Portland cement binders in some applications. However, there are many unexplored research topics to be conducted on this subject. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the rheological and mechanical properties of geopolymer pastes based on Class F fly ash activated by a solution of NaOH and Na 2 SiO 3 , with activator/precursor ratios of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7, by mass. Furthermore, microstructural and chemical analyses. Rheological properties were determined from flow tests with shear rates between 0 s -1 and 100 s -1 at 25°C. Mechanical analysis was performed from simple compressive strength tests on the hardened pastes. The results of simple compression indicated better strength values for lower activator/precursor ratios. In flow tests, the material behaved as a pseudoplastic fluid, and, with the increase of the activator/precursor ratio, there was a reduction of apparent viscosity values. Therefore, by evaluating the mechanical and rheological results, it was noticed that the paste that presented the best properties was the one with activator/precursor ratio 0.6.

Abstract Introduction Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome triggered by exposure to halogenated anesthetics/succinylcholine. The lack of knowledge regarding this condition might be associated with the rare occurrence of MH reaction and symptoms. Methods This observational study evaluated 68 patients from 48 families with confirmed or suspected MH susceptibility due to medical history of MH reaction or idiopathic increase of creatine kinase or MH-related myopathies. Participants were assessed by a standardized questionnaire and submitted to physical/neurological examination to assess the characteristics of patients with MH, their knowledge about the disease, and the impact suspected MH had on their daily lives. Results Suspected MH impacted the daily life of 50% of patients, creating difficulties in performing surgical/clinical/dental treatment and problems related to their family life/working/practicing sports. The questionnaire on MH revealed a correct answer score of 62.1 ± 20.8 (mean ± standard deviation) on a scale 0 to 100. Abnormal physical/neurological examination findings were detected in 92.6% of susceptible patients. Conclusions Suspected MH had impacted the daily lives of most patients, with patients reporting problems even before MH investigation with IVCT. Patients showed a moderate level of knowledge about MH, suggesting the need to implement continuing education programs. MH susceptible patients require regular follow-up by a health team to detect abnormalities during physical and neurological examination.

Abstract Introduction Dysphonia and lower pitch after surgery of Reinke edema are common. They are caused especially due to chronic smoking but, probably, other factors should be associated. Objectives To evaluate the results of laryngeal microsurgery in patients with Reinke edema, following a standardized postoperative guidance protocol in our service. Methods Retrospective study. Thirty patients (3 males; 27 females) were included, 70% between 41 and 60 years old. The parameters analyzed in the pre- and postoperative (between 4 and 6 months) of patients undergoing laryngeal microsurgery for Reinke edema were: smoking, vocal symptoms, videolaryngostroboscopy, voice therapy, perceptual and acoustic vocal evaluation, histopathological report. Results Smoking was reported by 100% of the patients and maintained in the postoperative period by 80%. Complete improvement of symptoms in the postoperative period was reported by 43% of them, partial improvement by 40%, and maintenance by 17%. There was low adherence to voice therapy in the pre- and postsurgery. Postoperative videolaryngoscopy indicated congestion (19), atrophy and bowed vocal fold (1), subepithelial edema (2), and normal findings (8). The histological findings were subepithelial edema, enlargement of vessels, inflammation, epithelial hyperplasia, and thickening of the basement membrane. The perceptual and acoustic vocal analyzes indicated improvement of the analyzed parameters. Conclusions The maintenance of some vocal symptoms and laryngeal alterations in videolaryngoscopy after microsurgery of Reinke edema is frequent, even in patients who follow the recommendations of vocal rest and control of gastroesophageal reflux. Vocal symptoms are attributed to changes in the laryngeal mucosa caused by chronic smoking, aggravated by the maintenance of addiction in the postoperative period.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the current situation of sexual aggression and assess the adhesion to ambulatory care follow-up. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving female children and adolescents aged 0–19 years, treated at the Center for Multiprofessional Care of Sexual Violence of the General Hospital of Nova Iguaçu, from 2014 to 2018. RESULTS: Of the 453 children and adolescents, 264 (58.3%) were <14 years of age and 189 (41.7%) were 14–19 years of age. In both groups, 78% were black. School delay of >2 years was found in 15.6% of children in the age group <14 years and 40.5% of adolescents in the age group 14–19 years [p<0.001; OR=3.7 (2.1–65)]. In girls aged £13 years, abuse usually occurred at home (73.2%), which was perpetrated by one aggressor (91%) and known to the victim (91.2%). In adolescents aged ≥14 years, 84.1% of rapes occurred outside the home, practiced by one aggressor (74.8%), 57.8% were unknown, and in 91.2% of cases, there was use of physical force and/or verbal threats. The victims aged <14 years have 14 times more chance of experiencing aggression within the family setting [p<0.001; OR=14.3 (8.2–25.6)] and 16 times more chance of experiencing aggression from known persons [p<0.001; OR=16.2 (9.2–29.8)]. On the contrary, adolescents aged ≥14 years have three times more chance of being abused by more than one aggressor [p<0.001; OR=3.3 (1.8–6.1)]. CONCLUSION: Black girls, especially those aged <14 years, are in a situation of greater vulnerability for sexual violence, have less adhesion to follow-up, and often experience aggression in the household setting.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to describe the effect of prophylactic phototherapy in the treatment of infants with Neonatal Hemolytic Disease. Method: A retrospective cohort study was carried out with 199 RhD-positive infants, born to RhD-negative mothers, alloimmunized for RhD antigen, between January 2009 and December 2018. Results: The incidence of exchange transfusions in the study population was 9.5%, with a mean maximum bilirubin value of 11.3 mg % (± 4.3mg %). Bilirubin’s maximum peak was achieved with a mean of 119.2 life hours (± 70.6h). Conclusions: The low incidence of exchange transfusion, the extended maximum bilirubin peak for later ages, and the low mean of the maximum bilirubin values may indicate a positive effect of prophylactic phototherapy in the treatment of this disease. Further studies must be carried out to confirm these findings.

This single-case study aimed to evaluate access the geographic accessibility and availability of primary health care (PHC) in a remote rural municipality in Amazonas Stater, Brazil, to control systemic arterial hypertension. A thematic analysis was conducted to interpret the content of 11 semi-structured interviews with municipal managers, PHC professionals, and hypertensive healthcare users. Geographical accessibility is associated with river mobility, transportation availability, users’ financial travelling condition, and the presence of services near riverine communities, whereas availability to diagnose and monitor hypertensive patients depend on the presence of healthcare providers, medications, and equipment and the integration of PHC with the local health care network. Although access to health is more complex than our research goals, the evaluated dimensions show weaknesses which are exacerbated by a context marked by socio-spatial disparities and absent public policies, compromising the guarantee of individuals’ right to health.

Este es un estudio de caso único con el objetivo de comprender el acceso a la atención primaria de salud (APS) en cuanto a la accesibilidad geográfica y la disponibilidad de asistencia en salud dirigida al control de la hipertensión arterial sistémica en un municipio rural lejano de Amazonas, Brasil. Se realizó un análisis temático para interpretar el contenido de 11 entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizadas con gestores municipales, profesionales de la APS y usuarios hipertensos. La accesibilidad geográfica estuvo condicionada por la movilidad fluvial, la disponibilidad de transporte, la condición económica de los usuarios para el desplazamiento y la presencia de servicios en las comunidades ribereñas. En términos de disponibilidad, la existencia de profesionales de salud, medicamentos, equipos y la integración de la APS con la Red de Atención de Salud reflejan la oportunidad para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes hipertensos. A pesar de ser complejo el acceso a la salud, las dimensiones evaluadas muestran graves debilidades en un contexto marcado por disparidades socioespaciales y la ausencia de políticas públicas, lo que compromete la garantía del derecho a la salud.

Estudo de caso único com objetivo de compreender o acesso à atenção primária à saúde (APS) em relação à acessibilidade geográfica e disponibilidade em um município rural remoto do Amazonas, Brasil, para o cuidado à saúde voltado ao controle da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Realizou-se a análise temática como método de interpretação do conteúdo das 11 entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com gestores municipais, profissionais da APS e usuários hipertensos. A acessibilidade geográfica está condicionada à mobilidade fluvial, disponibilidade de transporte, condição financeira dos usuários para deslocamento e presença dos serviços nas comunidades ribeirinhas. Na disponibilidade, a existência de profissionais de saúde, medicamentos, equipamentos e a integração da APS com a Rede de Atenção à Saúde refletem na oportunidade de diagnóstico e acompanhamento dos hipertensos. Não obstante o acesso à saúde seja mais complexo, as dimensões avaliadas mostram fragilidades exacerbadas pelo contexto marcado por disparidades socioespaciais e ausência de políticas públicas, comprometendo a garantia do direito à saúde.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e sintetizar evidências científicas sobre o uso de máscaras faciais de proteção por crianças, na comunidade e no domicílio, como forma de prevenção de doenças transmissíveis. Fontes de dados: Revisão de escopo seguindo o método Joana Briggs Institute e o PRISMA-ScR. Realizou-se pesquisa em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas, na Biblioteca Cochrane e em sete sites de instituições governamentais e não governamentais. Os dados foram organizados em planilha e submetidos à análise narrativa. Síntese dos dados: Inicialmente foram identificadas 658 produções, das quais 19 compuseram a amostra final. Estudos com melhores níveis de evidência são escassos. Os tipos de máscaras identificadas foram as profissionais (cirúrgicas e respiradores faciais com filtragem) e as não profissionais (caseiras). Os agentes transmissíveis estudados foram os vírus influenza e SARS-CoV-2, e os ambientes avaliados foram escolas, domicílios e espaços comunitários. Os principais desconfortos relatados foram calor, falta de ar, dor de cabeça e desajuste ao rosto. A indicação e a aceitabilidade mudam conforme faixa etária e condições clínicas. Não há consenso sobre a redução da transmissibilidade de infecções. Conclusões: Crianças maiores de 5 anos podem se beneficiar com o uso correto de máscaras, desde que sejam supervisionadas e educadas para isso e que a máscara esteja bem ajustada ao rosto. Há melhores resultados quando seu uso está associado a outras medidas, como distanciamento físico, permanência em locais arejados e higiene frequente das mãos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and synthesize scientific evidence that the use of face protection masks by children, in the community and at home, is a way of preventing communicable diseases. Data source: A scoping review was made using the Joana Briggs Institute method and PRISMA-ScR. A research was carried out in five electronic databases, at the Cochrane Library and on seven websites of governmental and non-governmental institutions. The data were organized in a spreadsheet and submitted to narrative analysis. Data synthesis: Initially, 658 productions were identified, of which 19 made up the final sample. Studies with higher levels of evidence are scarce. The types of masks identified were professional (surgical and facial respirators with filtration) and non-professional (homemade). The transmissible agents studied were influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, and the evaluated environments were schools, homes and community spaces. The main discomforts reported were heat, shortness of breath, headache and maladjustment to the face. The indication and acceptability of masks change according to the age group and clinical conditions. There is no consensus on the reduction in the transmissibility of infections. Conclusions: Children older than five can benefit from the correct use of masks, as long as they are supervised, taught and educated to do so and the masks should be well adjusted to the face. The use of masks show better results when associated with other measures such as physical distancing, keeping places ventilated and frequent hand hygiene.

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a resposta do teste de Bartlett em função do tamanho de amostra e definir o tamanho amostral ótimo para o teste com dados de produtividade de grãos de soja. Foram conduzidos seis experimentos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 20 ou 30 cultivares e três repetições. A produtividade de grãos foi definida por planta, totalizando 9.000 plantas amostradas. Logo, foram simulados cenários amostrais de 1, 2, ..., 100 plantas e definido o tamanho amostral ótimo via pontos de máxima curvatura. O aumento de plantas amostradas por unidade experimental favorece a precisão do teste de Bartlett. Além disso, a amostragem de 17 a 20 plantas por unidade experimental é suficiente para manter a acurácia do teste.

ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the response of the Bartlett test as a function of sample size and to define the optimal sample size for the test with soybean grain yield data. Six experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with 20 or 30 cultivars and three repetitions. Grain yield was determined per plant, totaling 9,000 sampled plants. Next, sample scenarios of 1, 2, ..., 100 plants were simulated and the optimal sample size was defined via maximum curvature points. The increase in sampled plants per experimental unit favors Bartlett test’s precision. Also, the sampling of 17 to 20 plants per experimental unit is enough to maintain the accuracy of the test.

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a interferência do tamanho amostral no teste de não aditividade de Tukey e encontrar o tamanho de amostra para otimizar o teste para a produtividade de grãos em soja. Seis experimentos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso foram conduzidos com 20 ou 30 cultivares de soja em três repetições de cada tratamento. A produtividade de grãos foi definida por planta, totalizando 9.000 plantas amostradas. A seguir, foram simulados cenários amostrais de até 100 plantas, estimando a estatística F para um grau de liberdade do erro em cada cenário. Após, foi definido o tamanho amostral ótimo via modelos de potência e pontos de máxima curvatura. Os resultados mostram que o número de plantas amostradas por unidade experimental influencia as estimativas do teste de não aditividade de Tukey. Além disso, a amostragem de 14 a 19 plantas por unidade experimental possibilita manter a acurácia do teste.

ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the interference of sample size on Tukey’s test for non-additivity and found the sample size to optimize the test for soybean grain yield. Six experiments were conducted in a completely randomized block design with either 20 or 30 cultivars and three repetitions of each treatment. Grain yield was determined per plant, totaling 9,000 sampled plants. Next, sample scenarios up to 100 plants were simulated, estimating F statistic for a degree of freedom of the error in each scenario. After that, the optimal sample size was defined via power models and maximum curvature point. Results showed the number of sampled plants per experimental unit influences the estimates of Tukey’s test for non-additivity. Also, the sampling of 14 to 19 plants per experimental unit allows for maintaining the accuracy of the test.

RESUMO: Este estudo verificou se o tamanho de amostra afetaria a precisão da análise de variância em experimentos com mudas de couve-flor. Um experimento foi conduzido onde o número de folhas, comprimento de parte aérea, raiz e total foram mensurados. Para cada variável, reamostragens com reposição foram realizadas em cenários amostrais de 1, 2, ..., 100 mudas por unidade experimental e o tamanho de amostra foi definido para os componentes de variância por meio de modelos de Schumacher e pontos de máxima curvatura. Os quadrados médios da análise de variância sofrem interferência direta do número de mudas amostradas. A amostragem de 16 mudas por unidade experimental é suficiente para estimar a análise de variância de forma confiável, promovendo satisfatórios ganhos de precisão ao comparar-se com a amostragem de apenas uma muda por unidade experimental.

ABSTRACT: This study verified whether sample size would affect the precision of the analysis of variance in experiments with cauliflower seedlings. An experiment was carried out where the number of leaves and shoot, root and total length were measured. For each variable, resamplings with repositions were performed in sample scenarios of 1, 2, …, 100 seedlings per experimental unit, and the sample size was defined for the variance components through Schumacher models and maximum curvature points. The mean squares of the analysis of variance suffer direct interference from the number of sampled seedlings. The sampling of 16 seedlings per experimental unit is enough to estimate the analysis of variance reliably, promoting satisfactory precision gains compared to the sampling of only one seedling per experimental unit.

RESUMO: Varronia curassavica DC. é uma espécie medicinal nativa do Brasil. Dentre os pontos críticos que influenciam a qualidade fitoquímica dos compostos bioativos destacam-se o espaçamento entre plantas, a colheita e a pós-colheita. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do espaçamento entre plantas, da época de colheita e da temperatura de secagem das folhas na produtividade e na qualidade fitoquímica do óleo essencial de V. curassavica. O cultivo orgânico foi realizado em 2018/2019 utilizando-se os seguintes espaçamentos entre plantas: 0.6 x 1.0; 0.8 x 1.0; 1.0 x 1.0; 1.0 x 1.6 m. Os teores de macro e micronutrientes das folhas foram avaliados e não se observou alterações consideráveis. Em 2018, as colheitas foram realizadas no verão, outono e inverno, sendo as folhas colhidas imediatamente submetidas ao processo de secagem a 40 °C. Em 2019, a colheita foi realizada no inverno, sendo as folhas submetidas ao processo de secagem a 40, 50 e 60 °C. O óleo essencial foi extraído por hidrodestilação e os constituintes químicos identificados CG-MS. A produção de óleo essencial foi significativamente maior no inverno e nos espaçamentos de 0,8 x 1,0 m e 1,0 x 1,0 m entre plantas. O teor de alfa-humuleno manteve-se dentro dos padrões recomendados em todas as temperaturas analisadas. Embora as temperaturas de secagem testadas não tenham comprometido o teor de alfa-humuleno, o aumento da temperatura ocasionou redução no rendimento do óleo essencial. Assim, recomenda-se o cultivo orgânico de V. currassavica no espaçamento entre 0,8 x 1,0 m e 1,0 m x 1,0 m, e a secagem de suas folhas entre 40 e 50 °C visando obter o maior rendimento e melhor qualidade fitoquímica de óleo essencial.

ABSTRACT: Varroniacurassavica is a Brazilian native medicinal species. Among the critical points influencing the phytochemical quality of bioactive compounds is the spacing between plants, harvest and post-harvest. This research aimed evaluated the influence of plant distance, harvest season, and leaves drying temperature on the yield and phytochemical quality of V. curassavica essential oil. The organic cultivation was carried out in 2018/2019 using 0.6 x 1.0; 0.8 x 1.0; 1.0 x 1.0; 1.0 x 1.6 m spacing between plants. The macro and micronutrient contents of the leaves were evaluated and no considerable changes were observed. In 2018 the harvest was performed in summer, autumn, and winter, and the harvested leaves were immediately submitted to the drying process at 40 °C. In 2019 the harvest was performed in winter, and the leaves were submitted to the drying process at 40, 50, and 60 °C. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and the chemical constituents were evaluated using CG-MS. The essential oil yield was significantly higher in winter and used 0.8 x 1.0 m and 1.0 x 1.0 m spacing between plants. The alpha-humulene content remained within the recommended standards at all analyzed temperatures. Although, the drying temperatures tested did not compromise the alpha-humulene content, the increasing temperature caused a reduction in the essential oil yield. Thus, it is recommended for the organic cultivation of V. currassavica the spacing of 0.8 x 1.0 m and 1.0 m x 1.0 m, and the drying of its leaves between 40 and 50 °C to earn the highest essential oil yield and phytochemical quality.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic use of fluoxetine on the amount of orthodontic tooth movement and tissue changes in rats. A total of 192 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: S, 0.9% saline solution; F, 20 mg/kg of fluoxetine; SM, 0.9% saline solution with orthodontic movement; and FM, 20 mg/kg of fluoxetine with orthodontic movement. After 30 days of daily saline or fluoxetine administration, an orthodontic device (25cN) was used to mesially displace the first molar in animals of the groups SM and FM. The animals were euthanized 2, 7, 14, and 28 days after placement of the orthodontic appliances and animals of groups S and F were euthanized at the same time. The assessment of tooth movement was made in gypsum castings, the collagen neoformation was assessed by polarization microscopy, the number of osteoclasts and root resorption were evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and presence of hyalinized areas was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Fluoxetine did not affect the amount of tooth displacement, percentage of collagen, number of osteoclasts, and presence of hyalinized areas (P>0.05). There was a higher frequency of root resorption areas in the FM group than in the SM group only on the second day (P<0.05). The findings of this study show that chronic use of 20 mg/kg fluoxetine does not affect the amount of tooth movement, collagen neoformation, number of osteoclasts, or hyalinized areas and does not affect root resorption until the last day of orthodontic movement.