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Abstract Background: Based on the concept of “plant species complex,”, defined as a group sharing local names and morphological, aromatic, and curative properties, we analyzed the leaves of three species of the genus Oreopanax that are used as wrappers for tamales called “xocos” or “chocos” in Veracruz, Mexico, searching for common traits. Question: Do leaves of the genus Oreopanax form an ethnobotanical food complex sharing chemical and anatomical characteristics? Studied species / data description: Leaves from three species of the genus Oreopanax: O. capitatus, O. echinops, and O. flaccidus. Study site and dates: Leaves of O. capitatus and O. echinops were recollected on January 25 and 26, 2021, in the Clavijero Botanic Garden of the Instituto de Ecología, A. C. in Xalapa, Veracruz; leaves of O. flaccidus were recollected in Atapalchico, Tlacolulan, Veracruz. Methods: Chemical analyses consisted of oil extraction of the studied species' leaves, which were then injected into a gas chromatographer coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Anatomical analyses included: fixation, paraffin sectioning, and staining of leaf sections of the three species. Observations were performed with a compound microscope using a bright field or UV light. Results: For the first time, we are reporting major volatile compounds common in the three analyzed species (several aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, and terpenoids). The three species present resin canals in the mesophyll and the cortex of the midrib of the leaf. Conclusions: The studied Oreopanax species form an ethnobotanical food complex since they share similar uses, smells, and tastes.

Resumen Antecedentes: Basados en el concepto "complejo de especies vegetales", definido como un grupo que comparten nombres comunes, características morfológicas y propiedades aromáticas y curativas, analizamos las hojas de tres especies del género Oreopanax, utilizadas como envolturas de tamales llamados xocos o chocos en Veracruz, México, en busca de rasgos comunes. Pregunta: ¿Las hojas del género Oreopanax forman un complejo etnobotánico alimentario que comparte características químicas y anatómicas? Especies estudiadas / descripción de datos: Hojas de tres especies del género Oreopanax: O. capitatus, O. echinops y O. flaccidus. Lugar y fechas del estudio: Las hojas de O. capitatus y O. echinops se recolectaron los días 25 y 26 de enero de 2021, en el Jardín Botánico Clavijero del Instituto de Ecología, A. C. en Xalapa, Veracruz; las hojas de O. flaccidus se recolectaron en Atapalchico, Tlacolulan, Veracruz. Métodos: Los análisis químicos consistieron en la extracción de aceite de las hojas, el cual fue inyectado en un cromatógrafo de gases acoplado a un espectrómetro de masas (GC-MS). Los análisis anatómicos incluyeron: fijación, seccionamiento en parafina y tinción de secciones foliares. Las observaciones se realizaron con un microscopio compuesto utilizando iluminación de campo claro o de luz ultravioleta. Resultados: Por primera vez, informamos sobre los principales compuestos volátiles comunes en las tres especies analizadas (varios alcoholes alifáticos y aromáticos; y terpenoides). Las especies presentan canales resiníferos en el mesófilo y en el córtex de la vena media de la hoja . Conclusiones: Las especies de Oreopanax estudiadas forman un complejo etnobotánico alimenticio, pues comparten usos, olores y sabores similares.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3333

Directrices para los protocolos de ensayos clínicos de intervenciones con inteligencia artificial: la extensión SPIRIT-AI
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Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Chan, An-Wen

; Denniston, Alastair K.

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Denniston, Alastair K.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Darzi, Ara

; Holmes, Christopher

; Yau, Christopher

; Moher, David

; Ashrafian, Hutan

; Deeks, Jonathan J.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Faes, Livia

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Vollmer, Sebastian J.

; Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Lee, Aaron Y.

; Jonas, Adrian

; Esteva, Andre

; Beam, Andrew L.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Panico, Maria Beatrice

; Lee, Cecilia S.

; Haug, Charlotte

; Kelly, Christophe J.

; Yau, Christopher

; Mulrow, Cynthia

; Espinoza, Cyrus

; Fletcher, John

; Moher, David

; Paltoo, Dina

; Manna, Elaine

; Price, Gary

; Collins, Gary S.

; Harvey, Hugh

; Matcham, James

; Monteiro, Joao

; Khair ElZarrad, M.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Oakden-Rayner, Luke

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; McCradden, Melissa

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Savage, Richard

; Golub, Robert

; Sarkar, Rupa

; Rowley, Samuel

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2024, Volume 48 elocation e12

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

ABSTRACT The SPIRIT 2013 statement aims to improve the completeness of clinical trial protocol reporting by providing evidence-based recommendations for the minimum set of items to be addressed. This guidance has been instrumental in promoting transparent evaluation of new interventions. More recently, there has been a growing recognition that interventions involving artificial intelligence (AI) need to undergo rigorous, prospective evaluation to demonstrate their impact on health outcomes. The SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials–Artificial Intelligence) extension is a new reporting guideline for clinical trial protocols evaluating interventions with an AI component. It was developed in parallel with its companion statement for trial reports: CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials–Artificial Intelligence). Both guidelines were developed through a staged consensus process involving literature review and expert consultation to generate 26 candidate items, which were consulted upon by an international multi-stakeholder group in a two-stage Delphi survey (103 stakeholders), agreed upon in a consensus meeting (31 stakeholders) and refined through a checklist pilot (34 participants). The SPIRIT-AI extension includes 15 new items that were considered sufficiently important for clinical trial protocols of AI interventions. These new items should be routinely reported in addition to the core SPIRIT 2013 items. SPIRIT-AI recommends that investigators provide clear descriptions of the AI intervention, including instructions and skills required for use, the setting in which the AI intervention will be integrated, considerations for the handling of input and output data, the human–AI interaction and analysis of error cases. SPIRIT-AI will help promote transparency and completeness for clinical trial protocols for AI interventions. Its use will assist editors and peer reviewers, as well as the general readership, to understand, interpret and critically appraise the design and risk of bias for a planned clinical trial.

RESUMO A declaração SPIRIT 2013 tem como objetivo melhorar a integralidade dos relatórios dos protocolos de ensaios clínicos, fornecendo recomendações baseadas em evidências para o conjunto mínimo de itens que devem ser abordados. Essas orientações têm sido fundamentais para promover uma avaliação transparente de novas intervenções. Recentemente, tem-se reconhecido cada vez mais que intervenções que incluem inteligência artificial (IA) precisam ser submetidas a uma avaliação rigorosa e prospectiva para demonstrar seus impactos sobre os resultados de saúde. A extensão SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials - Artificial Intelligence) é uma nova diretriz de relatório para protocolos de ensaios clínicos que avaliam intervenções com um componente de IA. Essa diretriz foi desenvolvida em paralelo à sua declaração complementar para relatórios de ensaios clínicos, CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials - Artificial Intelligence). Ambas as diretrizes foram desenvolvidas por meio de um processo de consenso em etapas que incluiu revisão da literatura e consultas a especialistas para gerar 26 itens candidatos. Foram feitas consultas sobre esses itens a um grupo internacional composto por 103 interessados diretos, que participaram de uma pesquisa Delphi em duas etapas. Chegou-se a um acordo sobre os itens em uma reunião de consenso que incluiu 31 interessados diretos, e os itens foram refinados por meio de uma lista de verificação piloto que envolveu 34 participantes. A extensão SPIRIT-AI inclui 15 itens novos que foram considerados suficientemente importantes para os protocolos de ensaios clínicos com intervenções que utilizam IA. Esses itens novos devem constar dos relatórios de rotina, juntamente com os itens básicos da SPIRIT 2013. A SPIRIT-AI preconiza que os pesquisadores descrevam claramente a intervenção de IA, incluindo instruções e as habilidades necessárias para seu uso, o contexto no qual a intervenção de IA será integrada, considerações sobre o manuseio dos dados de entrada e saída, a interação humano-IA e a análise de casos de erro. A SPIRIT-AI ajudará a promover a transparência e a integralidade nos protocolos de ensaios clínicos com intervenções que utilizam IA. Seu uso ajudará editores e revisores, bem como leitores em geral, a entender, interpretar e avaliar criticamente o delineamento e o risco de viés de um futuro estudo clínico.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2024.12

Directrices para presentación de informes de ensayos clínicos sobre intervenciones con inteligencia artificial: extensión CONSORT-AI
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Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Moher, David

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Denniston, Alastair K.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Darzi, Ara

; Holmes, Christopher

; Yau, Christopher

; Moher, David

; Ashrafian, Hutan

; Deeks, Jonathan J.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Faes, Livia

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Vollmer, Sebastian J.

; Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Lee, Aaron Y.

; Jonas, Adrian

; Esteva, Andre

; Beam, Andrew L.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Panico, Maria Beatrice

; Lee, Cecilia S.

; Haug, Charlotte

; Kelly, Christophe J.

; Yau, Christopher

; Mulrow, Cynthia

; Espinoza, Cyrus

; Fletcher, John

; Moher, David

; Paltoo, Dina

; Manna, Elaine

; Price, Gary

; Collins, Gary S.

; Harvey, Hugh

; Matcham, James

; Monteiro, Joao

; Khair ElZarrad, M.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Oakden-Rayner, Luke

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; McCradden, Melissa

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Savage, Richard

; Golub, Robert

; Sarkar, Rupa

; Rowley, Samuel

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2024, Volume 48 elocation e13

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

ABSTRACT The CONSORT 2010 statement provides minimum guidelines for reporting randomized trials. Its widespread use has been instrumental in ensuring transparency in the evaluation of new interventions. More recently, there has been a growing recognition that interventions involving artificial intelligence (AI) need to undergo rigorous, prospective evaluation to demonstrate impact on health outcomes. The CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials–Artificial Intelligence) extension is a new reporting guideline for clinical trials evaluating interventions with an AI component. It was developed in parallel with its companion statement for clinical trial protocols: SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials–Artificial Intelligence). Both guidelines were developed through a staged consensus process involving literature review and expert consultation to generate 29 candidate items, which were assessed by an international multi-stakeholder group in a two-stage Delphi survey (103 stakeholders), agreed upon in a two-day consensus meeting (31 stakeholders) and refined through a checklist pilot (34 participants). The CONSORT-AI extension includes 14 new items that were considered sufficiently important for AI interventions that they should be routinely reported in addition to the core CONSORT 2010 items. CONSORT-AI recommends that investigators provide clear descriptions of the AI intervention, including instructions and skills required for use, the setting in which the AI intervention is integrated, the handling of inputs and outputs of the AI intervention, the human–AI interaction and provision of an analysis of error cases. CONSORT-AI will help promote transparency and completeness in reporting clinical trials for AI interventions. It will assist editors and peer reviewers, as well as the general readership, to understand, interpret and critically appraise the quality of clinical trial design and risk of bias in the reported outcomes.

RESUMO A declaração CONSORT 2010 apresenta diretrizes mínimas para relatórios de ensaios clínicos randomizados. Seu uso generalizado tem sido fundamental para garantir a transparência na avaliação de novas intervenções. Recentemente, tem-se reconhecido cada vez mais que intervenções que incluem inteligência artificial (IA) precisam ser submetidas a uma avaliação rigorosa e prospectiva para demonstrar seus impactos sobre os resultados de saúde. A extensão CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials – Artificial Intelligence) é uma nova diretriz para relatórios de ensaios clínicos que avaliam intervenções com um componente de IA. Ela foi desenvolvida em paralelo à sua declaração complementar para protocolos de ensaios clínicos, a SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials – Artificial Intelligence). Ambas as diretrizes foram desenvolvidas por meio de um processo de consenso em etapas que incluiu revisão da literatura e consultas a especialistas para gerar 29 itens candidatos. Foram feitas consultas sobre esses itens a um grupo internacional composto por 103 interessados diretos, que participaram de uma pesquisa Delphi em duas etapas. Chegou-se a um acordo sobre os itens em uma reunião de consenso que incluiu 31 interessados diretos, e os itens foram refinados por meio de uma lista de verificação piloto que envolveu 34 participantes. A extensão CONSORT-AI inclui 14 itens novos que, devido à sua importância para as intervenções de IA, devem ser informados rotineiramente juntamente com os itens básicos da CONSORT 2010. A CONSORT-AI preconiza que os pesquisadores descrevam claramente a intervenção de IA, incluindo instruções e as habilidades necessárias para seu uso, o contexto no qual a intervenção de IA está inserida, considerações sobre o manuseio dos dados de entrada e saída da intervenção de IA, a interação humano-IA e uma análise dos casos de erro. A CONSORT-AI ajudará a promover a transparência e a integralidade nos relatórios de ensaios clínicos com intervenções que utilizam IA. Seu uso ajudará editores e revisores, bem como leitores em geral, a entender, interpretar e avaliar criticamente a qualidade do desenho do ensaio clínico e o risco de viés nos resultados relatados.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2024.13

Climatic amplitude is a predictor of geographic range size in Mexican morning glories (Ipomoea L., Convolvulaceae)
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Deloya Brito, Erick C.

; Clay, Cameron

; McIntyre, Patrick J.

; Piña-de la Rosa, Itzel A.

; Scotland, Robert W.

; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo

; Cacho, N. Ivalú

Botanical Sciences

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dec 2023, Volume 101 N. 4 Pages 1016 - 1033

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: Los determinantes de la distribución geográfica de las especies pueden informar sobre procesos biológicos clave, y tener implicaciones en conservación. Objetivo: Evaluar si la amplitud climática (una aproximación de la amplitud de nicho) es un predictor de la la distribución geográfica en campanillas y cazahuates en México (género Ipomoea), un grupo diverso y de relevancia socioeconómica y cultural pero poco estudiado. Métodos: Usando más de 30,000 registros, de los cuales > 7,000 fueron georreferenciados manualmente, calculamos, para cada especie, el tamaño de la distribución geográfica (usando polígonos convexos de Hull y vecindades de áreas alrededor de puntos de colecta), así como la amplitud climática (usando los tres primeros ejes de un análisis de componentes principales de las 19 variables de Worldclim, así como enfocada en temperatura, precipitación y estacionalidad). Exploramos la relación entre amplitud geográfica y amplitud climática con modelos lineales generalizados y modelos filogenéticos de mínimos cuadrados generalizados. Resultados: Actualizamos el número de especies de Ipomoea reportadas para México a 178 y mostramos que la amplitud climática explica > 69 % de la variación en el tamaño de la distribución geográfica en las especies estudiadas. Los patrones son similares con amplitudes climáticas basadas en precipitación y temperatura. Conclusiones: La variación en amplitud geográfica en Ipomoea en México es explicada en gran medida por la amplitud climática de las especies y este resultado no está dictado por la filogenia. Discutimos ejemplos de especies con distribuciones geográficas amplias pero amplitudes climáticas estrechas, que pueden ser vulnerables ante ambientes cambiantes.

Abstract Background: Elucidating the determinants of species’ geographic distributions is a fundamental goal of ecology and biogeography, as they can inform about key biological processes, with implications for conservation. Goal: Evaluate whether realized climatic amplitude (a proxy for niche breadth) is an ecological correlate of geographic range size in morning glories in Mexico, a highly diverse group of plants of worldwide socio-economic relevance, but still poorly studied. Methods: Based on a dataset of > 30,000 records of which > 7,000 were manually georeferenced, we calculated geographic range size (using convex hull polygons and buffered occurrence points), and climatic amplitude (using three first axes of Principal Components based on 19 Worldclim variables, and focusing on temperature, precipitation, and seasonality), and explored their relationship using general linear models and phylogenetic generalized least squares. Results: All models show that climatic amplitude explains a high proportion of variation in geographic range size for our dataset (up to > 69 %). We find no evidence of tradeoffs related to temperature and precipitation niche breadths. Through review of reported records, we update the number of species of Ipomoea reported for Mexico to 178. Conclusions: Much of the variation in geographic range size in Mexican Ipomoea can be explained by realized climatic amplitude, and this result is not driven by phylogenetic history. We discuss cases where despite large geographic range sizes, narrow climatic amplitudes can signify higher risks for species in the face of changing environments.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3322

Rehabilitation in post-cardiac transplantation. Experience in Mexico's General Hospital
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Martínez-Camacho, Miguel Á.

; Jones-Baro, Robert A.

; Melo-Villalobos, Andrea

; Morales-Hernández, Diego

; Cruz-Rivero, Monserrat

; Ku-González, Andrés

; Ayala-Hernández, Eduardo

; Castaño-Guerra, José R.

Revista médica del Hospital General de México

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dec 2023, Volume 86 N. 4 Pages 156 - 160

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Post-heart transplant patient care is a challenging task for multidisciplinary teams. Thus, patient rehabilitation is of paramount importance. Phase I of cardiac rehabilitation helps prevent the pulmonary and functional sequelae found in patients whilst in ICU and during hospitalisation. Functional progression based on the global muscle strength, mobility, and exercise tolerance seem to be a good alternative for this population. The role of physiotherapy in critical care is crucial for the proper treatment of these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/hgmx.23000003

Upper Airway Stimulation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Long-Term Surgical Success, Respiratory Outcomes, and Patient Experience
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Veugen, Christianne C. A. F. M.

; Dieleman, Eveline

; Hardeman, Johannes A.

; Stokroos, Robert J.

; Copper, Marcel P.

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

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mar 2023, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 43 - 49

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Upper airway stimulation (UAS) with electric activation of the hypo-glossal nerve has emerged as a promising treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. Objective To retrospectively analyze objective and subjective outcome measures after long-term follow-up in obstructive sleep apnea patients receiving upper airway stimulation. Methods An observational retrospective single-center cohort study including a consecutive series of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea receiving upper airway stimulation. Results Twenty-five patients were included. The total median apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) significantly decreased from 37.4 to 8.7 events per hour at the 12-month follow-up (p < 0.001). The surgical success rate was 96%. Adverse events were reported by 28% of the patients. Conclusion Upper airway stimulation is an effective and safe treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure or intolerance. However, it is possible that the existing in and exclusion criteria for UAS therapy in the Netherlands have positively influenced our results.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743286

Comparison of phosphorus-based extractants on manganese separation from citrate leach solutions for recycling of lithium-ion batteries
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Punt, Tiaan

; Luckay, Robert C.

; Akdogan, Guven

; Bradshaw, Steven M.

; Petrie van Wyk, A.

South African Journal of Science

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feb 2023, Volume 119 N. 1-2 Pages 13 - 18

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The performance requirements of modern lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) necessitate the use of a number of scarce and strategically sensitive metals such as lithium and cobalt. Recycling end-of-life LIBs reduces the demand on the primary sources of these metals and helps reduce the environmental impact of LIB waste. Citric acid has proven to be an effective environmentally friendly and sustainable lixiviant; however, the formation of metal citrate complexes complicates subsequent metal separation processes such as solvent extraction. This study enhances the understanding of LIB metal separation from citric acid media by comparing the metal separation performance of phosphorus-based liquid-liquid extractants from a citric acid leach. The optimum Mn(II) extraction pH decreases as the extractant's phosphorus oxidation state increases from phosphinic to phosphonic to phosphoric, due to the oxygen atoms that surround the central phosphorus atom. The maximum Mn(II) separation with Cyanex 272, PC-88A, and D2EHPA was observed at pHs of 6, 3, and 3, respectively. D2EHPA further provided the best separation of Mn(II) over Al, Co, Li, and Ni with separation factors of 137, 191, 118, and 601, respectively. No research is currently available on the metal separation performance of phosphonic (PC-88A) or phosphinic (Cyanex 272) organic extractants from citric acid media. SIGNIFICANCE: • This study is the first to investigate the use of phosphonic and phosphinic extractants for metal separation from citric acid leach solutions, towards using citric acid as an environmentally friendly lixiviant. • The phosphoric extractant, D2EHPA, enabled successful and sequential separation and extraction of aluminium, manganese and lithium, making the process technologically feasible and attractive.

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2023/11399

Roosting habits of disk-winged bats, especially Thyroptera discifera
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Pine, Ronald H.

; Gómez Zamora, Gianfranco

; Reid, Fiona A.

; Timm, Robert M.

Therya

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2023, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 5 - 13

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los hábitos de selección de refugios de los murciélagos de ventosas del género Thyroptera (Chiroptera: Thyropteridae) han sido desconocidos o muy poco conocidos, con excepción a los hábitos de T. tricolor, que es la especie que se encuentra comúnmente. Muchas publicaciones de literatura secundaria afirman que los hábitos de selección de refugio de los Thyroptera en general son los mismos que los de tricolor, que son conocidos por descansar casi exclusivamente en hojas grandes verticales y parcialmente enrolladas, especialmente hojas de Heliconia nativa y banano introducido (género Musa). Sin embargo, por el momento no se conoce ninguna otra especie de Thyroptera que elija este tipo de refugio. Hasta 1993, las únicas especies de Thyroptera conocidas eran tricolor y discifera y habían sido las únicas dos especies conocidas durante 139 años. Durante este largo período, los hábitos particulares de selección de refugios de tricolor frecuentemente se atribuyeron a todo género, como a veces todavía sucede hoy en día. Actualmente se conocen tres especies más en este género: lavali, devivoi y wynneae. En este artículo, corregimos los conceptos erróneos sobre selección de refugios en Thyroptera, resumimos lo que se conoce de las cinco especies y brindamos las primeras observaciones detalladas sobre la selección de refugios de discifera. Thyroptera discifera se ha encontrado descansando adherido a la parte inferior de un folíolo o folíolos de palma en Brasil y en porciones de hojas muertas de plátano enrolladas cónicamente en Costa Rica.

Abstract Roosting habits of disk-winged bats of the genus Thyroptera (Chiroptera: Thyropteridae) have been unknown to very poorly known except for those of the commonly encountered T. tricolor. Many secondary literature publications state that roosting habits of Thyroptera in general are those of tricolor, known to roost almost exclusively in vertical, unfurling large leaves, especially of native Heliconia and introduced banana (genus Musa). However, so far as known, no other species of Thyroptera chooses such roosts. Until 1993, the only species of Thyroptera known were tricolor and discifera-they had been the only two known for 139 years. During this long period, the unique roosting habits of tricolor often were attributed to the genus as a whole, as sometimes still happens today. Now there are three more known species-lavali, devivoi, and wynneae. In this paper, we correct misconceptions concerning roosting habits in Thyroptera, summarize what is known for all five species, and provide the first detailed observations on roosting in discifera. Thyroptera discifera has been found roosting attached to the underside of a palm leaflet or leaflets in Brazil and in conically curled portions of dead banana leaves in Costa Rica.

https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2199

Directrices para los protocolos de ensayos clínicos de intervenciones con inteligencia artificial: la extensión SPIRIT-AI
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Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Chan, An-Wen

; Denniston, Alastair K.

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Denniston, Alastair K.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Darzi, Ara

; Holmes, Christopher

; Yau, Christopher

; Moher, David

; Ashrafian, Hutan

; Deeks, Jonathan J.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Faes, Livia

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Cruz Rivera, Samantha

; Vollmer, Sebastian J.

; Liu, Xiaoxuan

; Lee, Aaron Y.

; Jonas, Adrian

; Esteva, Andre

; Beam, Andrew L.

; Chan, An-Wen

; Panico, Maria Beatrice

; Lee, Cecilia S.

; Haug, Charlotte

; Kelly, Christophe J.

; Yau, Christopher

; Mulrow, Cynthia

; Espinoza, Cyrus

; Fletcher, John

; Moher, David

; Paltoo, Dina

; Manna, Elaine

; Price, Gary

; Collins, Gary S.

; Harvey, Hugh

; Matcham, James

; Monteiro, Joao

; Khair ElZarrad, M.

; Ferrante di Ruffano, Lavinia

; Oakden-Rayner, Luke

; Calvert, Melanie J.

; McCradden, Melissa

; Keane, Pearse A.

; Savage, Richard

; Golub, Robert

; Sarkar, Rupa

; Rowley, Samuel

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e149

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.149

10.

Cintura hipertrigliceridémica e hipertensión arterial en adultos: Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
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Reyes Gamonal, Jacqueline Milagros

; Malpartida Palomino, Robert

; Zuzunaga-Montoya, Fiorella E.

; Torres-Malca, Jenny Raquel

; Chiappe-Gonzalez, Alfredo Juan

; Vera-Ponce, Víctor Juan

; De La Cruz-Vargas, Jhony A.

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

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oct 2022, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 743 - 753

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective: Develop a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between hypertriglyceridemic waist (CHTG) and arterial hypertension (HBP) in adults. Methods: The present study is a systematic review (SR) with a meta-analysis of analytical cross-sectional observational studies. Search strategies will be used in databases: Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Embase. The qualitative analysis was presented in a table with the characteristics of each study. For quantitative analysis, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies. These variables were compared using Odds Ratios (OR) as a measure of association with their corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results: Five studies were included for statistical analysis. A statistically significant association was found between both variables (OR: 1.36; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.71). In turn, there was a high heterogeneity (I squared 92%). Conclusions: This SR found that CHTG is associated with the presence of hypertension. However, given the few studies found, it is recommended to carry out more primary studies with a prospective design before carrying out the next SR on the subject and with standardized cut-off points to make more homogeneous comparability.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Desarrollar una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis para determinar la asociación entre la cintura hipertrigliceridémica (CHTG) e hipertensión arterial (HTA) en adultos. Métodos: El presente estudio es una revisión sistemática (RS) con metanálisis de estudios observacionales de corte transversal analítico. Se utilizarán estrategias de búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos las cuales serán Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase. El análisis cualitativo fue presentado en una tabla con las características de cada estudio. Para el análisis cuantitativo, se realizó el metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios debido a la heterogeneidad de los estudios. Dichas variables fueron comparadas usando como medida de asociación Odds Ratios (OR) con su correspondiente intervalo de confianza al 95%. Resultados: Se incluyeron 5 estudios para el análisis estadístico. De manera global, se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables (OR: 1,36; IC 95% 1,07 a 1,71). A su vez, se presentó una alta heterogeneidad (I cuadrado del 92%). Conclusiones: La presente RS encontró que la CHTG está asociado con la presencia de HTA. No obstante, dado los pocos estudios encontrados, se recomienda la realización de más estudios primarios con un diseño prospectivo antes de la realización de una siguiente RS del tema, y con puntos de corte estandarizados para hacer una comparabilidad más homogénea.

https://doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v22i4.5092

11.

Infección experimental cerebral con cisticercosis en ovejas
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Sota, Katherine A.

; Bustos, Javier A.

; Verastegui, Manuela R.

; Toribio, Luz

; Chile, Nancy

; Angulo, Noelia

; Cangalaya, Carla

; Calcina, Juan

; González, Armando E.

; Gilman, Robert H.

; García, Héctor H.

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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sep 2022, Volume 39 N. 3 Pages 328 - 335

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivo . Explorar la viabilidad de desarrollar un modelo de neurocisticercosis (NCC) de oveja mediante infección intracraneal de oncosferas de T. solium. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un modelo de infección experimental de NCC en ovejas. Se inocularon aproximadamente 10 posoncósferas de T. solium cultivadas previamente por 30 días por vía intracraneal en diez ovejas. Las oncósferas, en 0,1 mL de solución salina fisiológica, se inyectaron en el lóbulo parietal a través de una aguja de calibre 18. Resultados. Después de tres meses, en dos ovejas se encontraron granulomas y en una tercera identificó un quiste de 5 mm de diámetro en el ventrículo lateral derecho y la evaluación histológica confirmó que el quiste corresponde a una larva de T. solium. También se utilizó inmunohistoquímica con anticuerpos monoclonales dirigidos contra componentes de membrana y antígenos excretorios/secretorios del quiste de T. solium para confirmar la etiología de los granulomas encontrados. Uno de ellos mostro reactividad ante los anticuerpos monoclonales utilizados, confirmando así que se trató de un cisticerco. Conclusión. Este experimento es la prueba de concepto de que es posible infectar ovejas con cisticercosis por inoculación intracraneal.

ABSTRACT Objective. To explore the feasibility of developing a sheep model of neurocysticercosis (NCC) by intracranial infection with T. solium oncospheres. Materials and methods. We carried out an experimental infection model of NCC in sheep. Approximately 10 T. solium oncospheres previously cultured for 30 days were inoculated intracranially into ten sheep. The oncospheres, in 0.1 mL of physiological saline, were injected into the parietal lobe through an 18-gauge needle. Results. After three months, granulomas were found in two sheep. In a third sheep we identified a 5 mm diameter cyst in the right lateral ventricle and histological evaluation confirmed that the cyst corresponded to a T. solium larva. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies directed against membrane components and excretory/secretory antigens of the T. solium cyst was also used to confirm the etiology of the found granulomas. One of them showed reactivity to the monoclonal antibodies used, thus confirming that it was a cysticercus. Conclusion. This experiment is the proof of concept that it is possible to infect sheep with cysticercosis by intracranial inoculation.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11039

12.

Drug-induced Sleep Endoscopy: Are there Predictors for Failure of Oral Appliance Treatment?
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Veugen, Christianne C. A. F. M.

; Sanders, Rineke M. C.

; Stokroos, Robert J.

; Copper, Marcel P.

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

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sep 2022, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 339 - 347

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction In the literature, evidence is lacking on the predictive value of druginduced sleep endoscopy (DISE) for oral appliance treatment (OAT). Objectives The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether DISE with concomitant mandibular advancement maneuver can predict failure of OAT. Methods An observational retrospective study including patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who previously received OAT. Results of DISE were analyzed in a group with documented OAT failure (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] >10 events/hour or < 50% reduction) and a group with OAT benefit (AHI <10 events/hour or >50% reduction). The upper airway was assessed using the velum, oropharynx, tongue base, epiglottis (VOTE) classification. Additionally, a mandibular advancement maneuver, manually protruding the mandible by performing a jaw thrust, was performed to mimic the effect of OAT. Results The present study included 50 patients with OAT failure and 20 patients with OAT benefit. A subgroup analysis of patients with OAT failure and an AHI <30events/hour included 26 patients. In the OAT failure group, 74% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver. In the subgroup with an AHI <30 events/hour, 76.9% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver. In the OAT benefit group, 25% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver (p< 0.001). Conclusions A negative jaw thrust maneuver during DISE can be a valuable predictor for OAT failure, independent of AHI. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy should be considered as a diagnostic evaluation tool before starting OAT.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731368

13.

CHARACTERIZATION OF RHIZOME AND PSEUDOSTEM WET ROT OF ORGANIC BANANA (Musa sp.) IN PIURA, PERU
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Rafael-Rutte, Robert

; Zavala, Luisa

; Maldonado, Edgar A.

; Aguilar-Anccota, René

; Saucedo-Bazalar, Manuel

; Tirado-Lara, James

; Aquije, Carmen

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences

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aug 2022, Volume 38 N. 2 Pages 176 - 188

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Organic banana (Musa sp.) is one of the most important export crops in Peru, especially in the Department of Piura. The cultivation of the crop is mainly affected by biotic factors, resulting in important economic losses. The aim of this research was to characterize the causal agent of banana bacteriosis disease in Piura. Bacterial isolates were extracted from rhizome and pseudostem samples of organic bananas with typical symptoms of soft rot from different banana growing areas of Piura. Sixty colonies were obtained, while 10 isolates were selected for presenting cultural and morphological characteristics similar to those of Pectobacterium (01MB, 04MB, 05MB, 06MB and 10MB) and Dickeya (02MB, 03MB, 08MB, 07MB and 09MB); different biochemical and molecular tests were conducted. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by in vitro and in vivo inoculation of rhizome pieces and pseudostems from cultivated plants. The 10 isolates were gram negative and with perimeter flagella. The biochemical tests showed that all the isolates were positive on nutrient agar medium, Mac Conkey, catalase, gelatin hydrolysis and growth at 37°C, whereas they were negative on King’s B medium, nitrate reductase and oxidase tests. Isolates 02MB, 03MB, 08MB, 07MB and 09MB also tested positive for erythromycin and indole, while isolates 01MB, 04MB, 05MB, 06MB and 10MB were positive for CVP (Crystal violet pectate). Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that isolates 01MB, 04MB, 05MB and 10MB corresponded to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum; isolates 03MB and 08MB corresponded to Dickeya chrysanthemi; and 02MB and 07MB corresponded to Dickeya paradisiaca and Klebsiella variicola, respectively. It was concluded that rhizome and pseudostem wet rot of banana grown organically in Piura is caused by the bacterial complex formed by P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, D. chrysanthemi, D. paradisiaca and K. variicola. This is valuable information for the implementation of appropriate disease management practices in the area.

https://doi.org/10.29393/chjaa38-17crrc70017 18 downloads

14.

Infección experimental cerebral con cisticercosis en ovejas
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Sota, Katherine A.

; Bustos, Javier A.

; Verastegui, Manuela R.

; Toribio, Luz

; Chile, Nancy

; Angulo, Noelia

; Cangalaya, Carla

; Calcina, Juan

; González, Armando E.

; Gilman, Robert H.

; García, Héctor H.

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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jul 2022, Volume 39 N. 3 Pages 328 - 335

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11039

15.

Evaluation of contrast sensitivity in non-high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation with and without intravitreal injections of ranibizumab
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Rentiya, Zubir S.

; Ferraz, Daniel A.

; Hutnik, Robert

; Bae, Junun

; Machado, Cleide G.

; Mucciolli, Cristina

; Motta, Augusto Alves L. da

; Ribeiro, Lucas Z.

; Guan, Zeyu

; Preti, Rony Carlos

; Takahashi, Walter Y.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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feb 2022, Volume 85 N. 1 Pages 37 - 45

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a sensibilidade ao contraste em pacientes virgens de tratamento com retinopatia diabética proliferativa de não alto risco, submetidos a panfotocoagulação retiniana com injeções intravítreas de ranibizumabe versus panfotocoagulação isolada. Métodos: Sessenta olhos de 30 pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos: um submetido a panfotocoagulação com injeções de ranibizumabe (grupo estudo), e o outro submetimedo a panfotocoagulação isolada (grupo controle). Todos olhos foram tratados em 3 sessões de laser, seguindo recomendação do Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Avaliação da sensibilidade ao contraste foi realizada sob condições fotópicas (85 cd/m2) com tabela Visual Contrast Test Sensitivity 6500, permitindo avaliação de cinco frequências espaciais medidas com redes senoidais: 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 e 18.0 ciclos por grau de ângulo visual (cpd). Foram realizadas medidas dos limiares de sensibilidade ao contraste intra e entre grupos na visita inicial, no 1º, 3º, e 6º mês de seguimento. Resultados: Cinquenta e oito olhos, 28 do grupo estudo e 30 do grupo controle, atingiram o término do estudo. Análise comparativa da SC entre os grupos mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante, nas baixas frequências espaciais, no 1º mês em 1.5 cpd (p=0,001) e 3.0 cpd (p=0,04), no 3º mês em 1.5 cpd (p=0,016) e no 6º mês em 3.0 cpd (p=0,026) a favor do grupo estudo. Conclusão: O tratamento com panfotocoagulação associada a injeção de ranibizumabe parece causar menos danos a sensibilidade ao contraste quando comparada com panfotocoagulação isolada em olhos com retinopatia diabética proliferativa de não alto risco. Dessa forma, os resultados apresentados podem justificar a associação do ranibizumabe à panfotocoagulação nestes pacientes.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate contrast sensitivity in non-high-risk, treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients treated with panretinal photocoagulation and intravitreal injections of ranibizumab) versus panretinal photocoagulation alone. Methods: Sixty eyes of 30 patients with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy were randomized into two groups: one received panretinal photocoagulation and ranibizumab injections (study group), while the other received panretinal photocoagulation alone (control group). All eyes were treated with panretinal photocoagulation in three sessions according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study guidelines. Contrast sensitivity measurements were performed under photopic conditions (85 cd/m2) with the Visual Contrast Test Sensitivity 6500 chart, allowing for the evaluation of five spatial frequencies with sine wave grating charts: 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 18.0 cycles per degree (cpd). Outcomes were measured in contrast sensitivity threshold scores among and within groups, from baseline to 1, 3, and 6 months. Results: Fifty-eight eyes (28 in the study group and 30 in the control group) reached the study endpoint. A comparative analysis of changes in contrast sensitivity between the groups showed significant differences mainly in low frequencies as follows: at month 1 in 1.5 cpd (p=0.001) and 3.0 cpd (p=0.04); at month 3 in 1.5 cpd (p=0.016), and at month 6 in 1.5 cpd (p=0.001) and 3.0 cpd (p=0.026) in favor of the study group. Conclusions: In eyes of patients with non-high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy, panretinal photocoagulation treatment with ranibizumab appears to cause less damage to contrast sensitivity compared with panretinal photocoagulation treatment alone. Thus, our evaluation of contrast sensitivity may support the use of ranabizumab as an adjuvant to panretinal photocoagulation for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220006 2 downloads

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