ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the scientific evidence on the impacts caused by the use of screens during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents, raising reflections for future interventions with this public. Data source: This is an integrative literature review, conducted in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, published from March 2020 to January 2022, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Data synthesis: The search strategies allowed retrieving 418 articles, of which 218 were duplicates. The analysis of titles and abstracts resulted in the maintenance of 62 studies. Of these, 31 were excluded from the reading of the full text, since they did not clearly present the phenomenon investigated. Thirty-one were eligible, resulting in five categories: eye consequences; increased sedentary behavior and weight; change in eating habits; implications for sleep quality and impacts on mental health. Conclusions: The excessive use of screens during the pandemic led to numerous consequences for children and adolescents, with a higher incidence of visual damage, sedentary lifestyle, inadequate eating habit and increased weight gain, in addition to impaired sleep quality and mental health. This study provides subsidy for health professionals to carry out continuing education focused on this theme, and elaborate effective interventions for this public in this transition to the post-pandemic period.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre os impactos causados pelo uso de telas durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes, almejando reflexões para futuras intervenções com esse público. Fontes de dados: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science e Embase, publicados de março de 2020 a janeiro de 2022, em português, inglês e espanhol. Síntese dos dados: As estratégias de busca possibilitaram recuperar 418 artigos, sendo 218 duplicados. A análise de títulos e resumos resultou na manutenção de 62 estudos. Destes, após a leitura do texto integral foram excluídos 31, uma vez que não apresentavam com clareza o fenômeno investigado. Foram elegíveis 31 estudos, emergindo cinco categorias: consequências oculares; aumento do comportamento sedentário e do peso; alteração dos hábitos alimentares; implicações na qualidade do sono e impactos na saúde mental. Conclusões: Percebe-se que o uso telas em excesso durante a pandemia trouxe inúmeras consequências para o público infantojuvenil, com maior incidência de acometimentos visuais, sedentarismo, alimentação inadequada e, por consequência, maior ganho de peso, além de prejuízos à qualidade do sono e à saúde mental. Este estudo fornece subsídios para que os profissionais da saúde realizem educação continuada voltada para essa temática e elaborem intervenções efetivas para esse público nesta transição para o período pós-pandêmico.

Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by persistent infection of human papillomavirus of high oncogenic risk (hr-HPV); however, several cofactors are important in its carcinogenesis, such as smoking, multiparity, and prolonged use of oral hormonal contraceptives (COCs). Worldwide, 16% of women use COCs, whereas in Brazil this rate is of ~ 30%. The safety and adverse effects of COCs are widely discussed in the literature, including the increase in carcinogenic risk. Due to the existence of several drugs, combinations, and dosages of COCs, it is hard to have uniform information in epidemiological studies. Our objective was to perform a narrative review on the role of COCs use in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Several populational studies have suggested an increase in the incidence of cervical cancer for those who have used COCs for > 5 years, but other available studies reach controversial and contradictory results regarding the action of COCs in the development of CC.

Resumo O câncer cervical (CC) é causado pela infecção persistente pelo papilomavírus humano de alto risco oncogênico (hr-HPV); entretanto, vários cofatores são importantes na sua carcinogênese, como tabagismo, multiparidade e uso prolongado de contraceptivos hormonais orais (COCs). No mundo, 16% das mulheres usam AOCs, enquanto no Brasil essa taxa é de ~ 30%. A segurança e os efeitos adversos dos COCs são amplamente discutidos na literatura, incluindo o aumento do risco carcinogênico. Devido à existência de várias drogas, combinações e dosagens de COCs, é difícil ter informações uniformes em estudos epidemiológicos. Nosso objetivo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre o papel do uso de COCs na carcinogênese do câncer cervical. Vários estudos populacionais têm sugerido aumento da incidência de câncer de colo uterino para aquelas que usam COCs há mais de 5 anos, mas outros estudos disponíveis chegam a resultados controversos e contraditórios quanto à ação dos COCs no desenvolvimento do CCU.

Abstract In the scope of sustainability, the generation of different residues through human activities requires the exploration of techniques for final disposal. Among these residues, there are agricultural residues, as well as the residues of heavy metals, both potentially polluting.This work reports the analysis on the immobilization of chromium (VI) in Portland cement pastes (PC) with the addition of silica (SiO 2 ) obtained from rice husk ash (RHA). The cement pastes were evaluated from the perspective of mechanical properties through the compression test. Regarding the hydration development, the pastes were evaluated by SEM, XRD and FTIS. Aiming at the study of Cr(VI) immobilization, solubilized extracts were obtained for analysis through UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The results suggest that the SiO 2 from the RHA showed a predominantly amorphous. Regarding the pastes, the comparison of the strength of the different traits at the same ages revealed that they are not significantly different. As to the XRD, the results suggest that, in the traits with K 2 Cr 2 O 7 , there are alterations in the hydration process. The immobilization efficiency resulted greater than 99%, but there was no favorable effect of the addition of silica to PC in the immobilization of chromium (VI).

Resumo No âmbito da sustentabilidade, a geração de diferentes resíduos através das atividades humanas demanda a exploração de técnicas para disposição final. Dentre esses resíduos, estão os agrícolas e os metais pesados, ambos potencialmente poluidores. Este trabalho relata a análise da imobilização de cromo (VI) em pastas de cimento Portland (CP) com adição de sílica (SiO2) obtida de cinzas de casca de arroz (CCA). As pastas de CP foram avaliadas sob a perspectiva das propriedades mecânicas por ensaio de compressão. Relativo ao desenvolvimento da hidratação, as pastas foram avaliadas por MEV, DRX e FTIR. Visando o estudo da imobilização do Cr(VI), obteve-se extratos solubilizados para análise por espectrofotometria UV-VIS. Os resultados sugerem que a SiO2 de CCA apresentou-sepredominantemente amorfa. Com relação às pastas, a comparação da resistência dos diferentes traços nas mesmas idades revelou que não são significativamente diferentes. Acerca da DRX, os resultados sugerem que nos traços com K2Cr2O7 existem alterações no processo de hidratação. A eficiência de imobilização resultou maior que 99%, mas não se constatou efeito favorável da adição de sílica ao CP na imobilização do cromo (VI).

The neoliberal economic model propagated since the 1990s in Brazil and the economic, educational and evaluation policies of public universities impacted the meaning of work, the organization of work and the mental health of university professors. The mercantilist view under the aegis of capitalism has transfigured the organization of teachers' work, making it precarious, based on individualism, competition, work overload and the subtraction of leisure time by working time. Due to Covid-19 and the need for health measures to protect life and reduce the spread of the virus, emergency work and remote teaching were imposed in higher education institutions, enhancing the reality of the precarious work of the teacher. Given this context, this theoretical essay points out some possible ways to deal with the challenges of public HEIs and aims to problematize the reality of public university teaching work before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.

El modelo económico neoliberal propagado desde la década de 1990 en Brasil y las políticas económicas, educativas y de evaluación de las universidades públicas impactaron el sentido del trabajo, la organización del trabajo y la salud mental de las(os) profesores universitarios. La visión mercantilista bajo la égida del capitalismo ha transfigurado la organización del trabajo docente, haciéndola precaria, basada en el individualismo, la competencia, la sobrecarga de trabajo y la sustracción del tiempo de ocio por el tiempo de trabajo. Debido al Covid-19 y la necesidad de medidas sanitarias para proteger la vida y reducir la propagación del virus, se impuso el trabajo de emergencia y la enseñanza a distancia en las instituciones de educación superior, realzando la realidad del trabajo precario de las(os) docentes. Ante este contexto, este ensayo teórico apunta algunas vías posibles para enfrentar los desafíos de las IES públicas y pretende problematizar la realidad del trabajo docente universitario público antes y durante la pandemia de la Covid-19.

O modelo econômico neoliberal propagado desde a década de 1990 no Brasil e as políticas econômicas, educacionais e de avaliação das universidades públicas impactaram no sentido do trabalho, na organização do trabalho e na saúde mental das(os) docentes universitários. A visão mercantilista sob a égide do capitalismo transfigurou a organização do trabalho dos professores, tornando-o precário, pautado no individualismo, na competição, na sobrecarga laboral e na subtração do tempo de lazer pelo tempo de trabalho. Devido à Covid-19 e à necessidade de medidas sanitárias para proteção da vida e diminuição da disseminação do vírus foram impostos o trabalho e o ensino remoto emergencial nas instituições de ensino superior, potencializando a realidade do trabalho precarizado do docente. Diante desse contexto, este ensaio teórico aponta alguns caminhos possíveis para lidarmos com os desafios da IES pública e tem como objetivo problematizar a realidade do trabalho docente antes e durante a pandemia da Covid-10.

ABSTRACT. The diversity of soils and climate in Brazil imposes the need to evaluate the adaptation of fodder species to soil and climate conditions to guide producers and technicians in choosing the best alternatives for their region. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify fodder cultivars for pasture and soil cover with tolerance to drought and high production in the sandy soils of southern Bahia, Brazil. The performance of 29 commercial cultivars of perennial and annual tropical forage species was evaluated in six cuts in 2019 and 2020. The green and dry mass yield per cut and the daily dry matter accumulation rate were evaluated considering the periods of water surplus and deficit and the drought tolerance index for each cultivar was estimated. Grass and legume cultivars showed differences in establishment, yield in the water surplus, and in the re-establishment after the water deficit. Based on the values of the drought tolerance index and in the dry mass daily yields before and after the water deficit, the cultivars adapted and indicated for regional continuous grazing were Xaraés, Marandu, Massai, Tanzânia, Paiaguás, and Zuri, in that order. The grasses B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens were indicated for use as cover plants after the harvest due to their high capacity of establishment and short-term production. The annual and perennial legume plants were also indicated for cover, and the combination of cultivars and their potential for straw in direct planting or use in integrated systems still need to be validated.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de gestação não planejada (GNP) em oito hospitais públicos universitários, distribuídos nas cinco regiões que compõem o Brasil. MÉTODOS Análise secundária de um estudo transversal multicêntrico nacional, realizado em oito hospitais universitários públicos, entre 1º de junho e 31 de agosto de 2020, no Brasil. Amostra por conveniência incluindo mulheres que deram à luz em período de sessenta dias consecutivos e atenderam aos seguintes critérios: maiores de 18 anos; idade gestacional acima de 36 semanas no parto; com recém-nascido único e vivo, sem malformações. RESULTADOS Amostra composta por 1.120 puérperas, das quais 756 (67,5%) declararam que a gravidez não tinha sido programada. A mediana da prevalência de GNP foi de 59,7%. Observou-se diferença significativa na prevalência de GNP entre os hospitais: Campinas (54,8%), Porto Alegre (58,2%), Florianópolis (59%), Teresina (61,2%), Brasília (64,3%), São Paulo (64,6%), Campo Grande (73,9%) e Manaus (95,3%) (p < 0,001). Foram fatores significativamente associados a GNP a idade materna, cor negra, menor renda familiar, maior número de filhos, maior número de pessoas convivendo em casa e não ter parceiro. CONCLUSÃO Na amostra estudada, cerca de dois terços das gestações foram declaradas como não programadas. A prevalência de gestação não planejada teve relação com fatores sociais e demográficos e variou significativamente entre os hospitais universitários avaliados.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in eight public university hospitals, distributed in the five regions that make up Brazil. METHODS A secondary analysis of a national multicenter cross-sectional study, carried out in eight public university hospitals between June 1 and August 31, 2020, in Brazil. Convenience sample including women who gave birth within sixty consecutive days and met the following criteria: over 18 years old; gestational age over 36 weeks at delivery; with a single and live newborn, without malformations. RESULTS Sample composed of 1,120 postpartum women, of whom 756 (67.5%) declared that the pregnancy had not been planned. The median prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 59.7%. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy across hospitals differed significantly: Campinas (54.8%), Porto Alegre (58.2%), Florianópolis (59%), Teresina (61.2%), Brasília (64.3%), São Paulo (64.6%), Campo Grande (73.9%) and Manaus (95.3%) (p < 0.001). Factors significantly associated with unplanned pregnancy were maternal age, black color, lower family income, greater number of children, greater number of people living in household, and not having a partner. CONCLUSION In the studied sample, about two thirds of the pregnancies were declared as unplanned. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancies was related to social and demographic factors and varied significantly across the university hospitals evaluated.

Abstract Background Controlling blood pressure and glycemic levels is a challenge that requires innovative solutions. Objective To assess the feasibility of implementing a text message intervention among low-income primary care patients, as well as to assess self-reported behavioral change. Methods A set of 200 text messages was developed on healthy eating, physical activity, adherence, and motivation. Participants from Vale do Mucuri, MG, Brazil diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension or undergoing screening for those diseases, received 5 to 8 messages per week for 6 months. They answered a questionnaire to report their satisfaction and behavioral changes. Results Of the 136 patients, 117 (86.0%) answered the questionnaire. Most reported that the messages were very useful (86.3%), easy to understand (90.6%), and were very helpful for behavioral change (65.0%); 84.6% reported that they had started eating healthier. The most frequent reported lifestyle changes were: improved diet quality (85.5%), reduced portions (65.8%), and weight loss (56.4%). The majority of patients shared the messages (60.7%) with family or other acquaintances, considered the number of messages to be adequate (89.7%) and would recommend the program to others (95.7%). Conclusion An intervention based on text messages to promote behavioral change in patients with hypertension or diabetes in primary care is feasible in low-resource settings. Future studies are needed to assess the program’s long-term effects on clinical outcomes.

ABSTRACT. A diagrammatic scale with five levels (0, 0.1 - 2.0, 2.0 - 6.0, 6.0 - 10, and 10 - 14) was developed and evaluated to measure the symptoms of heat injury in a coffee seedling canopy. The scale was constructed to increase assessment efficiency and align the estimations more closely with the actual values. Two assessments with the diagrammatic scale and one without were conducted with an interval of seven days. The evaluators using the proposed scale presented estimates with better levels of precision, accuracy, reproducibility, and repeatability than those using a conventional method. The proposed diagrammatic scale was shown to provide a reliable estimate for assessing the symptoms of heat injury on the canopy of in Coffea arabica L. seedlings. Therefore, it is possible to standardize heat injury evaluation methods using this diagrammatic scale, allowing for data comparisons with different cultivars.

ABSTRACT Background: Cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring hospitalization continue to appear in vulnerable populations, highlighting the importance of novel treatments. The hyperinflammatory response underlies the severity of the disease, and targeting this pathway may be useful. Herein, we tested whether immunomodulation focusing on interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and IL-2, could improve the clinical outcomes of patients admitted with COVID-19. Methods: This multicenter, open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in Brazil. Sixty hospitalized patients with moderate-to-critical COVID-19 received in addition to standard of care (SOC): IL-17 inhibitor (ixekizumab 80 mg SC/week) 1 dose every 4 weeks; low-dose IL-2 (1.5 million IU per day) for 7 days or until discharge; or indirect IL-6 inhibitor (colchicine) orally (0.5 mg) every 8 hours for 3 days, followed by 4 weeks at 0.5 mg 2x/day; or SOC alone. The primary outcome was accessed in the “per protocol” population as the proportion of patients with clinical improvement, defined as a decrease greater or equal to two points on the World Health Organization’s (WHO) seven-category ordinal scale by day 28. Results: All treatments were safe, and the efficacy outcomes did not differ significantly from those of SOC. Interestingly, in the colchicine group, all participants had an improvement of greater or equal to two points on the WHO seven-category ordinal scale and no deaths or patient deterioration were observed. Conclusions: Ixekizumab, colchicine, and IL-2 were demonstrated to be safe but ineffective for COVID-19 treatment. These results must be interpreted cautiously because of the limited sample size.

BACKGROUND The prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) has changed unevenly over time around the world. Although whole genome sequencing is the gold standard for virus characterisation, the discovery of alpha VOC causing spike gene target failure (SGTF) result, when tested using an reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay, has provided a simple tool for tracking the frequencies of variants. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate if a multiplex RT-qPCR assay (BioM 4Plex VOC) could be used to detect SARS-CoV-2 and to perform a VOC screening test in a single reaction tube. Here, we present the multicentre study evaluating this assay. METHODS Twelve laboratories have participated in the multicentre study. The BioM 4Plex VOC was distributed to them with detailed instructions of how to perform the test. They were asked to test the BioM 4Plex VOC in parallel with their routine Commercial SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic assay. Additionally, they were requested to select SARS-CoV-2-positive samples with genome sequenced and lineage definition according to PANGO lineage classification. FINDINGS The BioM 4Plex VOC and commercial RT-PCR assay are equally effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2. Results revealed a specificity of 96.5-100% [95% confidence interval (CI)], a sensitivity of 99.8-100% (95% CI), and an accuracy of 99.8-100% (95% CI). A 99% concordance rate was found between results from the BioM 4Plex VOC and that from available genome sequencing data. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The BioM 4Plex VOC provides an effective solution to detect SARS-CoV-2 infections and screening for VOCs in a single reaction. It is a straightforward method to help us monitor the frequency and distribution of VOCs and develop strategies to better cope with the pandemics.

Abstract Objective: The objective was to investigate if perpetrators of sexual offenses against children and adolescents with and without psychopathy differ regarding cognitive aspects. Method: A total of 30 male inmates participated in the study, divided into two groups: one that included psychopaths and the other with non-psychopaths. The instruments used were: protocol for collecting information on criminal court records; Rorschach test according to the Performance Assessment System, considering the cognitive variables and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised Scale. Results: The results indicate that psychopaths exhibit greater impairment in the organization of thoughts, as well as greater vulnerability to the general personality disruption. The best regression model showed that 55% of psychopathy can be explained by a greater propensity to a general personality disorder (EII-3 β: 4.77; p-value < 0.001), associated with the predisposition to be arrested at a young age (β: -0.26; p-value = 0.004). Conclusion: The efficiency of the R-PAS is observed in the identification of cognitive failures in psychopath perpetrators of sexual violence and perpetrators of sexual violence, and its usefulness is enhanced, when associated with other behavioral measures in the identification of this type of personality profile.

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo foi investigar se autores de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, com e sem psicopatia, se diferenciam em relação aos aspectos cognitivos. Método: Participaram do estudo 30 reeducandos cumprindo pena em regime fechado, divididos em dois grupos: um composto pelos psicopatas e outro pelos não psicopatas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: protocolo de coleta de informações no processo criminal; teste de Rorschach, de acordo com o Sistema de Avaliação por Performance, considerando as variáveis cognitivas, e; a escala Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que o grupo de psicopatas apresentou maiores prejuízos na organização do pensamento, bem como maior vulnerabilidade à desorganização geral da personalidade. O melhor modelo de regressão identificou que 55% da psicopatia pode ser explicada por uma maior propensão ao desajuste geral da personalidade (EII-3 β: 4.77; p-value < 0.001), associada à predisposição a ser preso ainda jovem (β: -0.26; p-value = 0.004). Conclusão: A eficiência do R-PAS é observada na identificação de falhas cognitivas em psicopatas autores de violência sexual e autores de violência sexual, e sua utilidade é potencializada, quando associada a outras medidas comportamentais na identificação desse tipo de perfil de personalidade.

Abstract The influence of aggregate size on the degradation process of material exposed to high temperatures is not a consensus among the scientific community because changes in the microstructure impact the macrostructural performance. To contribute to this investigation this work presents a thermomechanical model to evaluate aggregate size influence on the concrete mechanical damage under high temperatures. The material is considered as two-phase - aggregate and matrix - and three-phase - in which the interfacial transition zone is added. Concerning geometries, models in 2D and 3D are simulated. A finite element software is used with a weak coupling strategy that reduces the computational cost, and a user subroutine is implemented to define the constitutive model. The results show that the aggregate size influences both the average damage and the damage distribution along the synthetic specimen.

Resumo A influência do tamanho do agregado no processo de danificação do material exposto a altas temperaturas não é um consenso entre a comunidade científica, pois alterações na microestrutura impactam no desempenho macroestrutural. Para contribuir com esta investigação, este trabalho apresenta um modelo termomecânico para avaliar a influência do tamanho do agregado no dano mecânico do concreto sob altas temperaturas. O material é considerado como bifásico - agregado e matriz - e trifásico - no qual é adicionada zona de transição na interface. No que diz respeito às geometrias, são simulados modelos em 2D e 3D. Um software de elementos finitos é utilizado com uma estratégia de acoplamento fraco que reduz o custo computacional, e uma sub-rotina de usuário é implementada para definir o modelo constitutivo. Os resultados mostram que o tamanho do agregado influencia tanto o dano médio quanto a distribuição do dano ao longo do corpo de prova sintético.

ABSTRACT Objective Investigate the prevalence of postural changes and correlate them with body weight and the weight of schoolchildren’s backpacks in a school in the city of São João del-Rei-MG. Material and Methods The study is an original type, with a cross-sectional design, where 109 schoolchildren of both sexes and mean age of 13 years were evaluated. The New York scale was used for posture analysis, measuring body weight, height, backpack weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The ANOVA statistical test and Pearson’s correlation test were used, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results According to the results, the general average of the scores of postural problems was 68.7 points, with a predominance in the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. The regions of shoulder, feet, and neck presented mean scores below seven. The mean height was 1.61 m, body weight 56.03 kg, backpack weight 4.49 kg and BMI was 21.51 kg/m. Conclusion Postural alterations are highly prevalent among the evaluated students. The most affected body segments are the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. However, this finding was not related to the weight of the backpacks or the students’ body weight. However, different parameters must be used to analyze the factors that may be related to such findings, such as ergonomic changes, inadequate habits, growth spurt, among others. Evidence Level III,Cross-sectional Observational Study.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de alterações posturais e correlacionar com o peso corporal e o peso das mochilas dos escolares em uma escola no município de São João del-Rei-MG. Métodos O estudo é do tipo original, com delineamento transversal onde foram avaliados 109 escolares, com média de idade de 13 anos, de ambos os sexos. A escala de Nova Iorque foi utilizada para análise de postura, medição do peso corporal, altura, peso da mochila e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi utilizado o teste estatístico ANOVA e o teste de correlação de Pearson, considerando o nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados De acordo com os resultados, a média geral dos escores dos problemas posturais foi de 68,7 pontos, com predomínio na região da cabeça, coluna, nos quadris, no tronco, e no abdômen. As regiões dos ombros, pés e pescoço apresentaram médias de escores menores que 7. A média da altura foi de 1,61m, do peso corporal de 56,03kg, do peso das mochilas de 4,49 kg e 21,51 kg/m do IMC. Conclusão Conclui-se que existe uma alta prevalência de alterações posturais entre os escolares avaliados. Sendo que, os segmentos corporais mais comprometidos são, a cabeça, a coluna vertebral, os quadris, o tronco e o abdômen. No entanto, esse achado não foi relacionado ao peso das mochilas ou ao peso corporal dos escolares. Assim, diferentes parâmetros devem ser utilizados para analisar os fatores que podem estar relacionados a tais achados, como alterações ergonômicas, hábitos inadequados, estirão de crescimento, entre outros. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Transversal Observacional.

Abstract As there are few Pfister Test studies in the context of assessment for handling a firearm, the objective was to describe the personality characteristics of security guards and candidates for handling firearms (n= 112) when compared with people from the general population (n= 288). The data collection instruments were a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information and the Pfister Test. For data analysis, nonparametric tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Candidates for handling weapons showed characteristics of more rigidity, anxiety and immaturity with a predisposition to be more oppositional and ambivalent in relation to their feelings. There is also a need for further studies with more comprehensive and diversified samples.

Resumo Como há poucos estudos do Teste de Pfister no contexto de avaliação para o manuseio de arma, o objetivo foi descrever as características de personalidade de vigilantes e candidatos para manusear armas de fogo (n= 112) quando comparados com pessoas da população em geral (n= 288). Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um questionário para recolher informações sociodemográficas e o Teste de Pfister. Para a análise de dados utilizou-se testes não paramétricos e análise de regressão linear múltipla. Os candidatos ao manuseio de arma apresentaram características de mais rigidez, ansiedade e imaturidade com predisposição para serem mais oposicionistas e ambivalentes em relação aos seus sentimentos. Nota-se ainda a necessidade de mais estudos com amostras mais abrangentes e diversificadas.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in eight public university hospitals, distributed in the five regions that make up Brazil. METHODS A secondary analysis of a national multicenter cross-sectional study, carried out in eight public university hospitals between June 1 and August 31, 2020, in Brazil. Convenience sample including women who gave birth within sixty consecutive days and met the following criteria: over 18 years old; gestational age over 36 weeks at delivery; with a single and live newborn, without malformations. RESULTS Sample composed of 1,120 postpartum women, of whom 756 (67.5%) declared that the pregnancy had not been planned. The median prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 59.7%. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy across hospitals differed significantly: Campinas (54.8%), Porto Alegre (58.2%), Florianópolis (59%), Teresina (61.2%), Brasília (64.3%), São Paulo (64.6%), Campo Grande (73.9%) and Manaus (95.3%) (p < 0.001). Factors significantly associated with unplanned pregnancy were maternal age, black color, lower family income, greater number of children, greater number of people living in household, and not having a partner. CONCLUSION In the studied sample, about two thirds of the pregnancies were declared as unplanned. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancies was related to social and demographic factors and varied significantly across the university hospitals evaluated.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de gestação não planejada (GNP) em oito hospitais públicos universitários, distribuídos nas cinco regiões que compõem o Brasil. MÉTODOS Análise secundária de um estudo transversal multicêntrico nacional, realizado em oito hospitais universitários públicos, entre 1º de junho e 31 de agosto de 2020, no Brasil. Amostra por conveniência incluindo mulheres que deram à luz em período de sessenta dias consecutivos e atenderam aos seguintes critérios: maiores de 18 anos; idade gestacional acima de 36 semanas no parto; com recém-nascido único e vivo, sem malformações. RESULTADOS Amostra composta por 1.120 puérperas, das quais 756 (67,5%) declararam que a gravidez não tinha sido programada. A mediana da prevalência de GNP foi de 59,7%. Observou-se diferença significativa na prevalência de GNP entre os hospitais: Campinas (54,8%), Porto Alegre (58,2%), Florianópolis (59%), Teresina (61,2%), Brasília (64,3%), São Paulo (64,6%), Campo Grande (73,9%) e Manaus (95,3%) (p < 0,001). Foram fatores significativamente associados a GNP a idade materna, cor negra, menor renda familiar, maior número de filhos, maior número de pessoas convivendo em casa e não ter parceiro. CONCLUSÃO Na amostra estudada, cerca de dois terços das gestações foram declaradas como não programadas. A prevalência de gestação não planejada teve relação com fatores sociais e demográficos e variou significativamente entre os hospitais universitários avaliados.