Abstract Objective To evaluate the growth trajectory of head circumference and neurodevelopment, and to correlate head circumference with cognitive, language, and motor outcomes during the first two years. Method Prospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital including 95 newborns under 32 weeks or 1500 g. Neonates who developed major neonatal morbidities were excluded. The head circumference was measured at birth, at discharge, and at term-equivalent age, 1, 3, 5, 12, 18, and 24 months of corrected age, and the Bayley Scales (Bayley-III) were applied at 12, 18 and 24 months of corrected age to assess cognitive, language and, motor domains. Scores below 85 were classified as mild/moderate deficits and scores below 70 as severe deficits. The association between head circumference Z score and Bayley scores was assessed using Pearson's correlation. The study considered a significance level of 0.05. Results There was a decrease of -0.18 in the head circumference Z score between birth and discharge and the catch-up occurred between discharge and 1 month (an increase of 0.81 in the Z score). There was a positive correlation between head circumference and Bayley scores at 18 months. There was also a positive correlation between head circumference at discharge and at 5 months with the three domains of the Bayley. Conclusion Serial measurements of head circumference provide knowledge of the trajectory of growth, with early catch-up between discharge and 1 month, as well as its association with neurodevelopment. Head circumference is therefore a valuable clinical marker for neurodevelopment, especially in very preterm newborns. neurodevelopment cognitive years 9 3 150 g excluded termequivalent term equivalent 12 2 BayleyIII III (Bayley-III 8 mildmoderate mild moderate 7 Pearsons Pearson s 005 0 05 0.05 0.18 018 -0.1 catchup catch up an 081 81 0.8 score. . score) 15 00 0.0 0.1 01 -0. 08 0. -0 -

Abstract Introduction: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and in Brazil. There is currently increasing concern about the effects of glyphosate on human health. The Brazilian Institute for Consumer Protection showed data on the presence of glyphosate in some of Brazil’s most consumed ultra-processed products. Currently, regulations on the upper limit for these residues in ultra-processed foods have yet to be established by the National Health Surveillance, and ultra-processed food consumption is independently associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease. Methods: Since an unbalanced diet can interfere with kidney function, this study aims to investigate the effect of daily intake of 5 mg/kg bw glyphosate in conjunction with a balanced diet and the possible impact on renal function in rats. Kidney function, kidney weight, markers of renal injury, and oxidative stress were evaluated. Results: There was a decrease in kidney weight. The main histopathological alterations in renal tissues were vacuolation in the initial stage and upregulation of the kidney injury marker KIM-1. Renal injury is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. Conclusion: This study showed changes in the kidney of rats exposed to a balanced diet with glyphosate, suggesting a potential risk to human kidney. Presumably, ultra-processed food that contain glyphosate can potentiate this risk. The relevance of these results lies in drawing attention to the need to regulate glyphosate concentration in ultra-processed foods in the future. Introduction Brazil health Brazils s ultraprocessed ultra processed products Currently Surveillance disease Methods mgkg mg kg weight evaluated Results KIM1. KIM1 KIM 1. 1 KIM-1 mitochondria Conclusion Presumably future KIM-

RESUMO Introdução: O glifosato é o herbicida mais utilizado no mundo e no Brasil. Atualmente, há uma preocupação crescente com os efeitos do glifosato na saúde humana. O Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor apresentou dados sobre a presença de glifosato em alguns dos produtos ultraprocessados mais consumidos no Brasil. Atualmente, as regulamentações sobre o limite máximo desses resíduos em alimentos ultraprocessados ainda não foram estabelecidas pela Vigilância Sanitária Nacional, e o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados está independentemente associado a um risco maior de doença renal crônica incidente. Métodos: Como uma dieta desbalanceada pode interferir na função renal, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o efeito da ingestão diária de 5 mg/kg pc de glifosato em conjunto com uma dieta equilibrada e o possível impacto na função renal em ratos. Foram avaliados função renal, peso dos rins, marcadores de lesão renal e estresse oxidativo. Resultados: Houve redução no peso dos rins. As principais alterações histopatológicas nos tecidos renais foram vacuolização no estágio inicial e regulação positiva do marcador de lesão renal KIM-1. A lesão renal está associada à produção aumentada de espécies reativas de oxigênio nas mitocôndrias. Conclusão: Esse estudo mostrou alterações nos rins de ratos expostos a uma dieta balanceada com glifosato, sugerindo um risco potencial ao rim humano. Presumivelmente, alimentos ultraprocessados que contenham glifosato podem potencializar esse risco. A relevância desses resultados está no fato de chamar a atenção para a necessidade de regulamentar a concentração de glifosato em alimentos ultraprocessados no futuro. Introdução Brasil Atualmente humana Nacional incidente Métodos mgkg mg kg oxidativo Resultados KIM1. KIM1 KIM 1. 1 KIM-1 mitocôndrias Conclusão humano Presumivelmente futuro KIM-

Evaluamos en conjunto con profesionales de los servicios, los desafíos para la implementación del modelo biosicosocial en los centros especializados en rehabilitación. Por medio de la articulación de la Evaluación de Cuarta Generación y Rueda de Conversación (Método Paideia), abordamos los modelos implementados de asistencia a la persona con discapacidad, partiendo de las siguientes cuestiones: trabajar en rehabilitación; historial médico y evaluación; atención compartida y calificación del alta. Del contenido de las ruedas surgieron tres categorías empíricas: el proceso de trabajo en rehabilitación; el proceso en red; el modelo de cuidado. La identificación de obstáculos y facilitadores podrá favorecer la plena implementación del modelo biosicosocial en la atención a las personas con discapacidad, generando subsidios para el avance hacia la integralidad del cuidado a las personas con discapacidad representado en este modelo. servicios rehabilitación Método Paideia, Paideia , Paideia) cuestiones evaluación alta empíricas red

We assessed challenges in implementing the biopsychosocial model in specialized rehabilitation centers together with the professionals working in these services. Using fourth generation assessment and conversation circles (the Paideia method), we explored models of care for people with disabilities focusing on the following issues: working in rehabilitation; health records and evaluation; shared appointments; and improving discharge. Three empirical categories emerged from the conversation circles: rehabilitation work processes; the network-based approach; and the care model. The identification of constraints and enabling factors can help promote the effective implementation of the biopsychosocial model, generating important insights to help drive progress towards the delivery of comprehensive care to people with disabilities represented in this model. services method, method , method) issues evaluation appointments discharge processes networkbased network based approach

Avaliamos, em conjunto com profissionais dos serviços, os desafios à implementação do modelo biopsicossocial nos Centros Especializados em Reabilitação. Por meio da articulação da Avaliação de Quarta Geração e Roda de Conversa (Método Paideia), abordamos os modelos implementados de assistência à pessoa com deficiência, partindo das seguintes questões: trabalhar em reabilitação; prontuário e avaliação; atendimento compartilhado e qualificação da alta. Do conteúdo das rodas emergiram três categorias empíricas: o processo de trabalho em reabilitação; o trabalho em rede; o modelo de cuidado. A identificação de entraves e facilitadores poderá favorecer a plena implementação do modelo biopsicossocial na atenção às pessoas com deficiência, gerando subsídios para o avanço rumo à integralidade do cuidado às pessoas com deficiência representado neste modelo. Avaliamos serviços Reabilitação Método Paideia, Paideia , Paideia) questões reabilitação avaliação alta empíricas rede

ABSTRACT Streptococcus suis has been widely reported as a pathogen in animals, especially pigs. In terms of human health implications, it has been characterized as a zoonosis associated with the consumption of pork products and occupational exposure, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Here, we present a rare case of human S. suis infection in Brazil, diagnosed in an older adult swine farmer, a small rural producer residing in the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil. animals pigs implications exposure countries Here S Brazil farmer semiarid semi arid Bahia

Resumen: Objetivo: Comparar el uso de fármacos para el control de la lumbalgia en el pre y posoperatorio en pacientes con Síndrome de Cirugía Fallida de Columna (FBSS) sometidos a neuromodulación. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo analizando las historias clínicas de pacientes con FBSS que se sometieron a neuromodulación, seguidos en consulta externa de 2018 a 2020. Se evaluaron las características de los pacientes; el uso de medicamentos; calidad de vida a través de los resultados del Cuestionario Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) y la capacidad funcional mediante el Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) en los períodos prequirúrgico y posquirúrgico (06 meses, 01 año). El criterio para establecer la significación estadística fue p≤0,05. Resultados: se evaluaron 56 pacientes. Hubo una reducción en el uso de medicamentos para el control del dolor después de la institución de la neuromodulación, incluso en la clase de opioides (d = 0,81). También se observó una mejora en las puntuaciones del ODI (p<0,001) y en todos los dominios del SF-36 (p<0,02) en los períodos postoperatorios investigados. Conclusión: Los datos sugieren que la neuromodulación tuvo un impacto positivo en el dolor de espalda en términos de reducción del uso de medicamentos, mejorando la capacidad funcional y la calidad de vida. Nivel de Evidencia IV; Estudio Retrospectivo, Observacional. Resumen Objetivo (FBSS Métodos 201 2020 3 SF36 SF (SF-36 (ODI 06 (0 meses 0 año. año . año) p005 p 05 p≤0,05 Resultados 5 d 0,81. 081 0,81 81 0,81) p<0,001 p0001 001 (p<0,001 SF-3 p<0,02 p002 02 (p<0,02 investigados Conclusión IV Retrospectivo Observacional 20 202 SF3 (SF-3 ( p00 p≤0,0 08 0,8 8 p<0,00 p000 00 (p<0,00 SF- p<0,0 (p<0,0 2 (SF- p0 p≤0, 0, p<0, (p<0, (SF p≤0 p<0 (p<0 p≤ p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the use of drugs to control low back pain in the pre- and postoperative periods among patients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) undergoing neuromodulation. Methods: Retrospective observational study analyzing the medical records of patients with FBSS who underwent neuromodulation, followed up in an outpatient clinic from 2018 to 2020. The characteristics of the patients were evaluated: the use of medications, quality of life through the results of the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), and functional capacity using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in the pre-surgical and post-surgical periods (06 months, 01 year). The criterion for establishing statistical significance was p≤0.05. Results: 56 patients were evaluated. There was a reduction in the use of pain control drugs after the institution of neuromodulation, including in the opioid class (d=0.81). An improvement was also observed in the ODI scores (p<0.001) and all the SF-36 domains (p<0.02) in the postoperative periods investigated. Conclusion: The data suggest that neuromodulation positively impacted back pain by reducing medication use and improving functional capacity and quality of life. Level of Evidence IV; Retrospective, Observational Study. Objective pre (FBSS Methods 201 2020 evaluated medications 3 SF36, SF36 SF , (SF-36) (ODI presurgical surgical postsurgical post 06 (0 months 0 year. year . year) p005 p 05 p≤0.05 Results 5 d=0.81. d081 d d=0.81 81 (d=0.81) p<0.001 p0001 001 (p<0.001 SF-3 p<0.02 p002 02 (p<0.02 investigated Conclusion IV Study 20 202 SF3 (SF-36 ( p00 p≤0.0 d08 d=0.8 8 (d=0.81 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 SF- p<0.0 (p<0.0 2 (SF-3 p0 p≤0. d0 d=0. (d=0.8 p<0. (p<0. (SF- p≤0 d=0 (d=0. p<0 (p<0 (SF p≤ d= (d=0 p< (p< (d= (p (d

Resumo: Objetivo: Comparar o uso de medicamentos para o controle da dor lombar nos períodos pré e pós-operatórios entre pacientes com Síndrome da Falha da Cirurgia na Coluna (FBSS) submetidos à neuromodulação. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo de análise de prontuários dos pacientes com FBSS submetidos à neuromodulação, acompanhados ambulatorialmente no período de 2018 a 2020. Foram avaliadas as características dos pacientes; o uso de medicamentos; a qualidade de vida através dos resultados do Questionário Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF- 36) e a capacidade funcional utilizando o Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) nos períodos pré-cirúrgico e pós-cirúrgicos (06 meses, 01 ano). O critério para estabelecer significância estatística foi valores de p≤0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 56 pacientes. Verificou-se redução do uso de medicamentos para o controle da dor após a instituição da neuromodulação, inclusive na classe dos opioides (d=0,81). Observou-se ainda melhora nos escores do ODI (p<0,001) e de todos os domínios do SF-36 (p<0,02) nos períodos pós-operatórios investigados. Conclusão: Os dados sugerem que a neuromodulação teve impacto positivo na dor de coluna em termos de redução no uso de medicamentos, melhora da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida. Nível de Evidência IV; Estudo Retrospectivo, Observacional. Resumo Objetivo pósoperatórios pós operatórios (FBSS Métodos 201 2020 3 SF (SF (ODI précirúrgico cirúrgico póscirúrgicos cirúrgicos 06 (0 meses 0 ano. ano . ano) p005 p 05 p≤0,05 Resultados 5 Verificouse Verificou se d=0,81. d081 d d=0,81 81 (d=0,81) Observouse Observou p<0,001 p0001 001 (p<0,001 SF36 SF-3 p<0,02 p002 02 (p<0,02 investigados Conclusão IV Retrospectivo Observacional 20 202 ( p00 p≤0,0 d08 d=0,8 8 (d=0,81 p<0,00 p000 00 (p<0,00 SF3 SF- p<0,0 (p<0,0 2 p0 p≤0, d0 d=0, (d=0,8 p<0, (p<0, p≤0 d=0 (d=0, p<0 (p<0 p≤ d= (d=0 p< (p< (d= (p (d

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes. scarce Therefore C56BL6J CBLJ C56BL6 J C BL n=6, n6 n n=6 , 6 (n=6) euthanized stimulation CD4+, CD4 CD (CD4+ CD8 CD21/CD35+ CD21CD35 CDCD CD21 CD35 cytometry total p<0.05, p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) p>0.05, p>0.05 (p>0.05) counterparts p<0.05. . conclusion CBL C56BL n= (n=6 (CD4 CD21/CD35 CD21CD3 CD2 CD3 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (n= (CD CD21/CD3 CD21CD p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 (n CD21/CD p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p> (p

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as potencialidades e fragilidades envolvidas na aplicabilidade da teleconsulta de enfermagem à pessoa idosa na Atenção Primária à Saúde durante a pandemia. Método Estudo qualitativo, do tipo exploratório-descritivo, realizado de março a abril de 2022, com 30 enfermeiros atuantes na Atenção Primária do município de Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e analisados por meio de Análise Temática de Minayo, seguindo três etapas: pré-análise, exploração do material, tratamento dos resultados obtidos e interpretação; com uso de análise indutiva. Resultados Dentre as potencialidades da teleconsulta de enfermagem destacam-se: ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde, continuidade do cuidado e proteção ao idoso durante período pandêmico e possibilidade de levar o atendimento para além de barreiras geográficas. As fragilidades envolveram dificuldades com o uso dos meios tecnológicos por parte dos idosos, falhas no processo de comunicação e a necessidade da presença do familiar ou cuidador no momento da teleconsulta. Conclusão A teleconsulta em enfermagem é uma tecnologia já utilizada em diversos países que ganhou visibilidade no Brasil diante do advento da pandemia provocada pelo coronavírus e se tornou um importante recurso de ampliação do acesso, continuidade do cuidado e manutenção do vínculo entre a equipe de saúde da família com as pessoas idosas e seus familiares. Todavia, essa tecnologia ainda necessita de melhor aperfeiçoamento para superar as dificuldades vivenciadas em sua utilização tanto por usuários quanto por profissionais. qualitativo exploratóriodescritivo, exploratóriodescritivo exploratório descritivo, descritivo exploratório-descritivo 2022 3 Florianópolis Catarina Minayo etapas préanálise, préanálise pré análise, pré-análise material interpretação indutiva destacamse destacam destacam-se geográficas idosos familiares Todavia profissionais 202 20 2

Abstract Objective To identify the potentialities and shortcomings involved in the applicability of nursing teleconsultation to older adults in Primary Care during the pandemic. Method A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was carried out from March to April 2022 of 30 nurses working in Primary Care in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed using Minayo Thematic Analysis involving three stages: pre-analysis; exploring the material; and treatment and interpretation of the results obtained using inductive analysis. Results The potentialities of nursing teleconsultation included expanding access to health services; providing continuity of care and protection for older adults during the pandemic period and transcending geographical barriers in care delivery. The shortcomings involved difficulties with the use of technologies by the older individuals, breakdowns in the communication process, and the need for the presence of a family member or caregiver during teleconsultations. Conclusion Teleconsultation in nursing is a technology used in many countries that has gained traction in Brazil due to the coronavirus pandemic and become an important resource for expanding access, providing care continuity and maintaining the bond between family health teams, older adults and their relatives. However, this technology needs further improvement to overcome the difficulties experienced by both users and professionals in its use. qualitative exploratory 202 3 Florianópolis state semistructured semi structured stages preanalysis pre analysis pre-analysis material services delivery individuals process teleconsultations teams relatives However 20 2

Abstract Autologous blood transfusion can be achieved through different techniques, including by the patient donating blood before surgery (pre-deposit), collecting blood from the patient immediately before the operation and replacing the volume with colloids or plasma expanders (acute normovolemic hemodilution) or through the salvage of lost blood, during or immediately after surgery, and its retransfusion after washing (intraoperative or postoperative recovery). We will focus on the two methods used intraoperatively that are of fundamental importance in the management and conservation of the patient's own blood. techniques predeposit, predeposit pre deposit , (pre-deposit) acute hemodilution intraoperative recovery. recovery . recovery) patients s (pre-deposit

Abstract The management of major bleeding is a critical aspect of modern healthcare and it is imperative to emphasize the importance of applying Patient Blood Management (PBM) principles. Although transfusion support remains a vital component of bleeding control, treating severe bleeding goes beyond simply replacing lost blood. A more comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimize patient outcomes and minimize the risks associated with excessive transfusions. PBM (PBM principles control blood comprehensive transfusions

Abstract Hemostasis plays a critical role in surgical procedures and is essential for a successful outcome. Advances in hemostatic agents offer new approaches to controlling bleeding thereby making surgeries safer. The appropriate choice of these agents is crucial. Volume replacement, another integral part of Patient Blood Management (PBM), maintains adequate tissue perfusion, preventing cellular damage. Individualization in fluid administration is vital with the choice between crystalloids and colloids depending on each case. Colloids, unlike crystalloids, increase oncotic pressure, contributing to fluid retention in the intravascular space. Understanding these aspects is essential to ensure safe and effective surgery, minimizing complications related to blood loss and maintaining the patient's hemodynamic status. outcome safer crucial replacement PBM, PBM , (PBM) perfusion damage case Colloids pressure space surgery patients patient s status (PBM

Abstract Hemostasis plays a critical role in surgical procedures and is essential for a successful outcome. Advances in hemostatic agents offer new approaches to controlling bleeding thereby making surgeries safer. The appropriate choice of these agents is crucial. Volume replacement, another integral part of Patient Blood Management (PBM), maintains adequate tissue perfusion, preventing cellular damage. Individualization in fluid administration is vital with the choice between crystalloids and colloids depending on each case. Colloids, unlike crystalloids, increase oncotic pressure, contributing to fluid retention in the intravascular space. Understanding these aspects is essential to ensure safe and effective surgery, minimizing complications related to blood loss and maintaining the patient's hemodynamic status. outcome safer crucial replacement PBM, PBM , (PBM) perfusion damage case Colloids pressure space surgery patients patient s status (PBM

Abstract The use of strategies to reduce blood loss and transfusions is essential in the treatment of surgical patients, including in complex cardiac surgeries and those that use cardiopulmonary bypass. Antifibrinolytics, such as epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TXA), are widely used in these procedures, as well as in other types of surgeries. These medicines are included in the World Health Organization (WHO) list of ‘essential medicines’. Scientific evidence demonstrates the effectiveness of EACA in reducing bleeding and the need for transfusions in heart surgery. EACA is highly recommended for use in heart surgery by the American Society of Anesthesiology Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management. Regarding the safety of EACA, there is no robust evidence of any significant thrombotic potential. TXA has also been shown to be effective in reducing the use of blood transfusions in cardiac and non-cardiac surgeries and is considered safer than other antifibrinolytic agents. There is no evidence of any increased risk of thromboembolic events with TXA, but doses greater than 2 g per day have been associated with an increased risk of seizures. It is also important to adjust the dose in patients with renal impairment. In conclusion, antifibrinolytics, such as EACA and TXA, are effective in reducing blood loss and transfusion use in cardiac and non-cardiac surgeries, without causing serious adverse effects. bypass Antifibrinolytics epsilonaminocaproic epsilon aminocaproic (EACA , (TXA) procedures WHO (WHO medicines. . medicines’ Management potential noncardiac non agents seizures impairment conclusion antifibrinolytics effects (TXA

Abstract As historical waste has accumulated in dams, the interest in studying the feasibility of reusing mining tailings has grown, offering both environmental and economic advantages. However, given the unique characteristics of each site, conducting site-specific assessments is crucial. Building on a detailed evaluation of the Cocoruto Dam in Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, this study presents a technical feasibility and financial viability analysis of three potential reprocessing scenarios. The primary objective was to assess the viability and potential benefits of reusing Au tailings. The proposed methods involve grinding, calcination and leaching, with designs adaptable for existing metallurgical plants. Considering the economic potential of Au in these inactive mine tailings (with an average grade of 0.95 mg/kg and a total resource of 3,350.55 tonnes), multiple factors were analyzed to determine the feasibility of Au production from this source. Analyzed variables included: cut-off grades and tonnage for each scenario; net present value (NPV) calculated with an 8% annual discount rate; a general slope angle of 20 degrees; three possible final pit configurations; different annual production rates (400,000 t, 800,000 t and 1,000,000 t), and various Au ounce values ($1300/oz, $1500/oz, and $1700/oz). From a financial perspective, for all ounce values and an annual production of 400 tonnes, all scenarios prove profitable. However, other risks and parameters should be further evaluated. dams grown advantages However site sitespecific specific crucial Lima Gerais grinding leaching plants 095 0 95 0.9 mgkg mg kg 335055 3 350 55 3,350.5 tonnes , tonnes) source included cutoff cut off scenario NPV (NPV 8 rate 2 degrees configurations 400,000 400000 000 (400,00 800000 800 800,00 1000000 1 1,000,00 t) $1300/oz, 1300oz oz 1300 ($1300/oz 1500oz 1500 $1500/oz $1700/oz. 1700oz $1700/oz . 1700 $1700/oz) perspective 40 profitable evaluated 09 9 0. 33505 35 5 3,350. 400,00 40000 00 (400,0 80000 80 800,0 100000 1,000,0 $1300/oz 130 150 170 4 3350 3,350 400,0 4000 (400, 8000 800, 10000 1,000, 13 15 17 335 3,35 400, (400 1000 1,000 33 3,3 (40 100 1,00 3, (4 10 1,0 ( 1,

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la tendencia de las cesáreas, en el período de 2014 a 2020, en los sectores público y privado según la Clasificación de Robson. Métodos: estudio de serie temporal de la proporción de mujeres que tuvieron cesáreas entre 2014 y 2020, considerando la clasificación de Robson y el tipo de servicio. Para el análisis de tendencia, se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: se observaron mayores proporciones de cesáreas en todos los grupos de Robson en el sector privado en comparación con el público, incluso con una tendencia a la reducción en el privado y un aumento en el público. También se registraron proporciones elevadas de cesáreas en grupos favorables al parto normal (Robson 1, 4 y 5). Conclusiones: a pesar de la tendencia a la reducción de las cesáreas en el sector privado, hubo una tendencia creciente en el público y una elevada proporción de cesáreas en mujeres con condiciones favorables al parto normal. Se destaca la necesidad de monitorear estos indicadores para evaluar y proponer intervenciones para la reducción de cesáreas innecesarias. Objetivos 201 2020 Métodos servicio PraisWinsten. PraisWinsten Prais Winsten. Winsten Prais-Winsten Resultados 1 5. 5 . 5) Conclusiones innecesarias 20 202 2

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a tendência de cesáreas, no período de 2014 a 2020, nos setores público e privado segundo a Classificação de Robson. Métodos: estudo de série temporal da proporção de mulheres que tiveram cesáreas entre 2014 e 2020, considerando a classificação de Robson e o tipo de serviço. Para análise de tendência, utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: observaram-se maiores proporções de cesáreas em todos os grupos de Robson no setor privado em relação ao público, mesmo com tendência de redução no privado e aumento no público. Também foram registradas elevadas proporções de cesáreas em grupos favoráveis ao parto normal (Robson 1, 4 e 5). Conclusões: apesar da tendência de redução das cesáreas no setor privado, houve tendência crescente no público e elevada proporção de cesáreas em mulheres com condições favoráveis ao parto normal. Ressalta-se a necessidade de monitorar esses indicadores para avaliar e propor intervenções para a redução de cesáreas desnecessárias. Objetivos 201 2020 Métodos serviço utilizouse utilizou se PraisWinsten. PraisWinsten Prais Winsten. Winsten Prais-Winsten Resultados observaramse observaram 1 5. 5 . 5) Conclusões Ressaltase Ressalta desnecessárias 20 202 2

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the trends in cesarean sections from 2014 to 2020 across both public and private sectors, utilizing the Robson Classification. Methods: this time series study analyzed the proportion of women who underwent cesarean sections between 2014 and 2020, considering both the Robson classification and the type of healthcare service. Trend analysis was conducted using the Prais-Winsten regression. Results: higher proportions of cesarean sections were observed in all Robson groups within the private sector compared to the public sector. This was despite a decreasing trend in the private sector and an increasing trend in the public sector. Notably, elevated proportions of cesarean sections were recorded in groups that are typically favorable to normal childbirth (Robson 1, 4, and 5). Conclusions: although there was a decreasing trend in cesarean sections within the private sector, an increasing trend was observed in the public sector. Additionally, there was a high proportion of cesarean sections among women with conditions favorable to normal childbirth. It is crucial to continuously monitor these indicators to evaluate and implement interventions aimed at reducing unnecessary cesarean sections. Objectives 201 202 sectors Classification Methods service PraisWinsten Prais Winsten regression Results Notably 1 4 5. 5 . 5) Conclusions Additionally 20 2