ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Associations between behaviors and individual chronic diseases have been demonstrated. However, the relationship between time spent on sedentary behavior and multimorbidity remains less clear. OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictive power of various intensities of physical activity versus sedentary behavior, as discriminatory factors for cardiometabolic multimorbidity (cardiovascular diseases and diabetes) in the elderly. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in different residential census tracts and residential households in Florianópolis (SC). METHODS: The participants were 425 elderly people (65% women) from the EpiFloripa Aging study in 2014. Sociodemographic variables and self-reported incidence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were obtained via a questionnaire. Light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were measured using accelerometers. The analyses were stratified according to sex and included a diagnosis for interpretation. Behaviors were taken into consideration if their predictive power in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was greater than 0.50. The time cutoff point was defined from sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: For older adult men with diabetes, the predictive value of MVPA for absence of multi-morbidity was an area of 0.75 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.538-0.962), and a cutoff of 17 minutes per day. Older adult women with diabetes had an area of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.524-0.866) and a cutoff of 10 minutes per day. LPA and SB did not present predictive values. CONCLUSION: The time spent on MVPA is a predictor of absence of multimorbidity in elderly people with diabetes, for both sexes.

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar os fatores associados entre o conhecimento e a atitude sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos com a doença. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 204 idosos da rede pública de saúde de Passo Fundo, RS. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os questionários: sociodemográfico, de conhecimento DKN-A, de atitudes psicológicas do diabetes ATT-19 e o IPAQ para atividade física. Foi utilizada a regressão logística para as variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e os indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os resultados deste estudo identificaram que o bom conhecimento está associado com a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,18-1,08), ter atitude positiva para o tratamento da diabetes (OR = 10,4 IC95%: 4,20-18,70) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,10). Na associação com a atitude positiva se manteve associada significativamente a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,15-0,78), ter um bom conhecimento da diabetes (OR = 8,9; IC95%: 4,30-18,9) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). Portanto, o bom conhecimento e a atitude positiva estão associados à idade de 70 anos a mais e ser ativo fisicamente.

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes mellitus among older adults with the disease. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 204 older adults from the public healthcare network of Passo Fundo, RS. Sociodemographic data were collected and the DKN-A, ATT-19 and IPAQ were used for the assessment of diabetes knowledge, psychological attitudes towards diabetes and physical activity, respectively. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association with sociodemographic and health variables and indicators of body adiposity. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that good knowledge is associated with age ≥ 70 years (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.18-1.08), having a positive attitude towards diabetes treatment (OR = 8.9; 95%CI: 4.3-18.9), and being physically active (OR = 10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). In conclusion, good knowledge and a positive attitude towards diabetes are associated with age older than 70 years and being physically active.

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar os fatores associados entre o conhecimento e a atitude sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos com a doença. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 204 idosos da rede pública de saúde de Passo Fundo, RS. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os questionários: sociodemográfico, de conhecimento DKN-A, de atitudes psicológicas do diabetes ATT-19 e o IPAQ para atividade física. Foi utilizada a regressão logística para as variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e os indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os resultados deste estudo identificaram que o bom conhecimento está associado com a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,18-1,08), ter atitude positiva para o tratamento da diabetes (OR = 10,4 IC95%: 4,20-18,70) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,10). Na associação com a atitude positiva se manteve associada significativamente a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,15-0,78), ter um bom conhecimento da diabetes (OR = 8,9; IC95%: 4,30-18,9) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). Portanto, o bom conhecimento e a atitude positiva estão associados à idade de 70 anos a mais e ser ativo fisicamente.

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes mellitus among older adults with the disease. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 204 older adults from the public healthcare network of Passo Fundo, RS. Sociodemographic data were collected and the DKN-A, ATT-19 and IPAQ were used for the assessment of diabetes knowledge, psychological attitudes towards diabetes and physical activity, respectively. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association with sociodemographic and health variables and indicators of body adiposity. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that good knowledge is associated with age ≥ 70 years (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.18-1.08), having a positive attitude towards diabetes treatment (OR = 8.9; 95%CI: 4.3-18.9), and being physically active (OR = 10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). In conclusion, good knowledge and a positive attitude towards diabetes are associated with age older than 70 years and being physically active.

ABSTRACT Campylobacter is not routinely tested in foodborne disease investigations in Brazil. Here, we studied the occurrence of Campylobacter among other food-related bacteria commonly found in foodborne disease outbreaks reported in Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil. Seventy-two food samples were analyzed by using culture-based detection methods during the 18-month investigation of 36 foodborne disease outbreaks. The sampled foods from the foodborne disease outbreaks were all negative for Campylobacter . However, at least one of other routinely investigated foodborne-related bacteria was detected in 29.17% (21/72) of the samples. Taken together, these results suggest the need to monitor Campylobacter in foodborne diseases to detect sporadic cases caused by Campylobacter that might go unnoticed in Rio Grande do Sul.

Resumo Este estudo investigou a prevalência e a incidência de diabetes autorreferido em idosos. Estudo longitudinal de base populacional (Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso), com 1.702 idosos em 2009/10 e 1197 em 2013/14, de Florianópolis, SC. Os dados autorrelatados e antropométricos foram coletados no domicílio. A prevalência de diabetes em 2009/10 foi de 22,1% (IC 95%: 20,1-24,1). As características associadas com a prevalência de diabetes foram: não possuir escolaridade formal (OR = 2,30; IC95% 1,32-4,00); ter 5 a 8 anos de estudo (OR = 1,70, IC95% 1,07-2,69); circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 3,31, IC95% 2,05-5,34) e hipertensão (OR = 2,38, IC95%: 1,68-3,36). A incidência de diabetes autorreferida após quatro anos de acompanhamento foi de 8,3% (IC95% 6,7-10,3), e apresentar circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 2,23, IC95% 1,09-4,57) na linha de base foi associado à incidência de diabetes. A prevalência e incidência de diabetes foram elevadas entre os idosos. Intervenções devem ser realizadas especialmente com idosos de baixa ou sem escolaridade formal, com maior circunferência da cintura e hipertensão, pois foram os subgrupos com maiores chances de relatar e desenvolver diabetes.

Abstract This study investigated the prevalence and incidence of diabetes self-referred in the elderly. Longitudinal population-based study (EpiFloripa Ageing Study), with 1.702 elderly in 2009/10 and 1.197 in 2013/14 of Florianópolis, SC. Self-reported and anthropometric data were collected at home. The prevalence of diabetes self-referred in 2009/10 was 22.1% (95%CI 20.1-24.1). The characteristics were: no formal schooling (2.30; CI95% 1.32-4.00); 5 to 8 years of schooling (OR = 1.70, CI95% 1.07-2.69); increased waist circumference (OR = 3.31, CI95% 2.05-5.34) and hypertension (OR = 2.38, CI95%: 1.68-3.36). The incidence of diabetes self-reported after four years of follow-up was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.7-10.3). After adjustment: increased waist circumference (OR= 2.23, CI95% 1.09-4.57) at baseline was associated with the incidence of diabetes. The prevalence and incidence of diabetes were high among the elderly. Interventions must be performed especially with elderly with low and without formal schooling, with increased waist circumference and hypertension, thus they were the subgroups with higher odds ratio of reporting and developing diabetes.

Resumo Este estudo investigou a prevalência e a incidência de diabetes autorreferido em idosos. Estudo longitudinal de base populacional (Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso), com 1.702 idosos em 2009/10 e 1197 em 2013/14, de Florianópolis, SC. Os dados autorrelatados e antropométricos foram coletados no domicílio. A prevalência de diabetes em 2009/10 foi de 22,1% (IC 95%: 20,1-24,1). As características associadas com a prevalência de diabetes foram: não possuir escolaridade formal (OR = 2,30; IC95% 1,32-4,00); ter 5 a 8 anos de estudo (OR = 1,70, IC95% 1,07-2,69); circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 3,31, IC95% 2,05-5,34) e hipertensão (OR = 2,38, IC95%: 1,68-3,36). A incidência de diabetes autorreferida após quatro anos de acompanhamento foi de 8,3% (IC95% 6,7-10,3), e apresentar circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 2,23, IC95% 1,09-4,57) na linha de base foi associado à incidência de diabetes. A prevalência e incidência de diabetes foram elevadas entre os idosos. Intervenções devem ser realizadas especialmente com idosos de baixa ou sem escolaridade formal, com maior circunferência da cintura e hipertensão, pois foram os subgrupos com maiores chances de relatar e desenvolver diabetes.

Abstract This study investigated the prevalence and incidence of diabetes self-referred in the elderly. Longitudinal population-based study (EpiFloripa Ageing Study), with 1.702 elderly in 2009/10 and 1.197 in 2013/14 of Florianópolis, SC. Self-reported and anthropometric data were collected at home. The prevalence of diabetes self-referred in 2009/10 was 22.1% (95%CI 20.1-24.1). The characteristics were: no formal schooling (2.30; CI95% 1.32-4.00); 5 to 8 years of schooling (OR = 1.70, CI95% 1.07-2.69); increased waist circumference (OR = 3.31, CI95% 2.05-5.34) and hypertension (OR = 2.38, CI95%: 1.68-3.36). The incidence of diabetes self-reported after four years of follow-up was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.7-10.3). After adjustment: increased waist circumference (OR= 2.23, CI95% 1.09-4.57) at baseline was associated with the incidence of diabetes. The prevalence and incidence of diabetes were high among the elderly. Interventions must be performed especially with elderly with low and without formal schooling, with increased waist circumference and hypertension, thus they were the subgroups with higher odds ratio of reporting and developing diabetes.

Resumo Introdução Exames complementares podem contribuir para a compreensão da etiologia de agravos à saúde de idosos. Objetivo Descrever os aspectos operacionais e protocolos referentes à coleta, análise e armazenamento de material biológico, exames de imagem e capacidade físico-funcional. Método Estudo longitudinal, de base populacional, com 604 idosos (≥ 60 anos) do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso, em 2014. Foram coletados dados de material biológico, composição corporal, densitometria óssea, ultrassonografia da espessura íntima média das artérias carótidas, força de preensão manual e a atividade física. Resultados A taxa de resposta foi de 50,4%. Houve perda de seguimento em relação à faixa etária, estado cognitivo e atividades de vida diária. Os indivíduos que realizaram os exames eram mais novos, trabalhavam no momento da entrevista, ingeriam álcool, eram fisicamente ativos. Além de apresentarem menor grau de dependência, ausência de déficit cognitivo, ausência de sintomas depressivos e ausência de dificuldade na mobilidade. Conclusão Espera-se que a descrição das rotinas aplicadas possa auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas semelhantes em grupos de idosos. Assim, poderá ser acompanhado o processo de envelhecimento da população, seus fatores de risco e proteção.

Abstract Background Complementary exams may contribute to the understanding of the etiology of health problems in older adults. Objective To describe the operational aspects and protocols used to collect, analyze and storage biological materials, image exams and physical-functional capacity tests. Method This is a longitudinal and population-based study with 604 older adults (≥ 60 years) from EpiFloripa Ageing Study, in 2014. Data of biological material, body composition, bone densitometry, ultrasonography of the carotid artery intima average thickness, hand grip strength and physical activity were collected. Results The response rate was 50.4%. There was loss of follow-up in relation to age, cognitive status, and activities of daily living. The individuals who performed the tests were younger, worked by the time of the interview, ingested alcohol and were physically active. Also, they were less dependent, absence of cognitive impairment, absence of depressive symptoms and absence of difficulty in mobility. Conclusion It is expected that the description of the applied routines may help in the development of new similar research in the older adult population. Thus, the aging process of the population, its risk and protection factors can be followed.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics of census tracts and the presence/quality of public open spaces and physical activity facilities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 643 census tracts in Florianópolis, Brazil, the presence and quality of public open spaces and physical activity facilities were objectively analyzed and the data by census tracts using Geographic Information Systems was treated. Outcomes were analyzed considering the census tracts as having: ≥ 1 public open spaces; ≥ 1 public open spaces with high quality; ≥ 2 physical activity facilities and high-quality physical activity facilities. Sociodemographic characteristics were the independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Census tracts with a medium-income (OR = 1.8; 95%CI 1.1–3.0) and high-income (OR = 2.4; 95%CI 1.4–4.0), in those with medium (OR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.0–2.7) and high residential density (OR = 2.0; 95%CI 1,2–3.3), and with higher proportions of older adults (OR = 3.3; 95%CI 1.9–5.7) had a higher proportion of public open spaces. Census tracts with higher proportions of children/adolescents (OR = 0.3; 95%CI 0.2–0.6) and non-white residents (OR= 0.6; 95%CI 0.3–0.9) were less likely to contain public open spaces. The tracts with medium (OR = 4.0; 95%CI 1.4–11.3) and high-income (OR = 3.6; 95%CI 1.2–10.2) were more likely to contain public open spaces with ≥ 2 structures for physical activity, compared with those with low-income. We observed the inverse in sectors with a high proportion of non-white residents (OR = 0.3; 95%CI 0.1–0.9). CONCLUSIONS: Census tracts with higher proportions of children or adolescents, non-white individuals and those in the low-income strata had lower odds of containing public open spaces and physical activity facilities.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics of census tracts and the presence/quality of public open spaces and physical activity facilities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 643 census tracts in Florianópolis, Brazil, the presence and quality of public open spaces and physical activity facilities were objectively analyzed and the data by census tracts using Geographic Information Systems was treated. Outcomes were analyzed considering the census tracts as having: ≥ 1 public open spaces; ≥ 1 public open spaces with high quality; ≥ 2 physical activity facilities and high-quality physical activity facilities. Sociodemographic characteristics were the independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Census tracts with a medium-income (OR = 1.8; 95%CI 1.1–3.0) and high-income (OR = 2.4; 95%CI 1.4–4.0), in those with medium (OR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.0–2.7) and high residential density (OR = 2.0; 95%CI 1,2–3.3), and with higher proportions of older adults (OR = 3.3; 95%CI 1.9–5.7) had a higher proportion of public open spaces. Census tracts with higher proportions of children/adolescents (OR = 0.3; 95%CI 0.2–0.6) and non-white residents (OR= 0.6; 95%CI 0.3–0.9) were less likely to contain public open spaces. The tracts with medium (OR = 4.0; 95%CI 1.4–11.3) and high-income (OR = 3.6; 95%CI 1.2–10.2) were more likely to contain public open spaces with ≥ 2 structures for physical activity, compared with those with low-income. We observed the inverse in sectors with a high proportion of non-white residents (OR = 0.3; 95%CI 0.1–0.9). CONCLUSIONS: Census tracts with higher proportions of children or adolescents, non-white individuals and those in the low-income strata had lower odds of containing public open spaces and physical activity facilities.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre atividade física, variáveis sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e conhecimento e atitudes em idosos com diabetes tipo 2 (DM2). Foi aplicado um questionário para coleta de dados sociodemográficos e condições de saúde, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), a Escala de Conhecimento sobre Diabetes (DKN-A) e o Questionário de Atitudes sobre Diabetes (ATT-19) para 204 adultos mais velhos. As frequências absolutas e relativas foram obtidas e os resultados foram analisados pelo teste do qui-quadrado para proporções, análise bivariada e regressão logística (p≤0,05). Foram observadas associações significativas entre a atividade física e a idade acima de 70 anos (OR=0,40; IC95%: 0,22-0,90), bons conhecimentos de DM2 (OR=12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,1) e positivos Atitude em relação ao autocuidado com DM2 (OR=10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). A atividade física está associada a um maior conhecimento e uma atitude positiva em relação ao autocuidado com DM2.

ABSTRACT The aim this study was examined the association between physical activity, sociodemographic variables, health conditions and disease knowledge and attitudes in older adults with type 2 diabetes (DM2). A questionnaire for the collection of sociodemographic data and health conditions, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A), and Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19) were applied to 204 older adults. The absolute and relative frequencies was obtained and the results were analyzed by the chi-square test for proportions, bivariate analysis and logistic regression (p≤0.05). Significant associations were observed between being physically active and age above 70 years (OR=0.40; 95%CI: 0.22-0.90), having good knowledge of DM2 (OR=12.7; 95%CI: 6.8-30.1), and having a positive attitude towards DM2 self-care (OR=10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). Physical activity is associated with greater knowledge and a positive attitude towards DM2 self-care.

In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae BLh-1 was grown under exponential fed-batch mode in cultures using raw glycerol from biodiesel synthesis under anaerobiosis to produce value-added products. Specific growth rates of 0.035, 0.07, and 0.105 h-1 were tested and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and ethanol were produced in all cultures, whereas the formation of 2,3-butanediol was not observed. The highest concentrations of 1,3-PDO (38.5 g L-1) and ethanol (13.2 g L-1) were achieved under the specific growth rate of 0.105 h-1. Acetic and lactic acids were also produced at high concentrations (17.3 and 7.8 g L-1, respectively) under these conditions. The yields of 1,3-PDO and ethanol increased over time, reaching final values of 0.56 and 0.19 g g-1, respectively. Overall productivities were 1.43 g L-1 h-1 for 1,3-PDO and 0.49 g L-1 h-1 for ethanol. Compared to batch results, fed-batch operation favored K. pneumoniae metabolism towards the production of 1,3-PDO and ethanol, being an interesting process to add value to the ever-growing availability of raw glycerol from biodiesel industry.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a quantidade e a qualidade dos espaços públicos de lazer e estruturas para atividades físicas em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Realizou-se, no ano de 2015, um levantamento descritivo da quantidade, tipo e qualidade dos espaços públicos de lazer (EPL) e estruturas para atividade física (AF). A qualidade dos EPL e estruturas para AF foi avaliada por meio de observação sistemática. Um índice de qualidade dos EPL (escore -3 a 6 pontos) foi categorizado em três níveis, qualidade ruim (categoria ≤0), média (0,1 a 2,9) e boa (categoria ≥3). Para análise fez-se uso da estatística descritiva. Dos 214 EPL, maior proporção foi de praças/jardins (n=128; 59,8%). Em 51,9% (n=111) dos EPL tinham qualidade boa. Maior proporção de itens de conforto obteve qualidade boa como iluminação (54,7%), lixeiras (45,8%) e bancos (55,1%). Em mais de 60,0% dos EPL inexistiam incivilidades. Das 377 estruturas para AF identificadas, 53,6% apresentaram qualidade boa e 13,8% qualidade ruim. Os parquinhos infantis (29,4%), academias ao ar livre (15,9%) e campos/canchas de futebol (14,9%) foram mais frequentes, apenas este último menos da metade apresentou qualidade boa (28,6%). Em 29,0% dos EPL inexistiam estruturas para AF. Maior proporção dos EPL tem boa qualidade, mas ainda menos da metade necessitam de melhorias, em conforto, menores incivilidades e maior diversidade de estruturas para AF. Isso poderá promover maior visitação aos EPL e oportunidade de lazer, incluindo a prática de AF.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the quantity and quality of open public spaces (OPS) and physical activity (PA) facilities in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. A descriptive survey was carried out in 2015 on the quantity, type and quality of OPS and PA facilities. The quality of OPS and PA facilities were assessed by systematic observation. A quality index of OPS (score -3 to 6 points) was divided into three categories, poor (category ≤0), average (0.1 to 2.9) and good quality (category ≥3). For analysis, descriptive statistics were used. Of the 214 OPS, the highest proportion was squares/gardens (n = 128, 59.8%). Of the 214 OPS, 59.8% were squares/gardens. About 51.9% (n = 111) of OPS had good quality. A higher proportion of comfort items obtained good quality, such as lighting (54.7%), trash cans (45.8%) and garden benches (55.1%). In more than 60.0% of OPS, there were no incivilities. Of the 377 PA facilities identified, 53.6% presented good quality and 13.8% poor quality. Playgrounds (29.4%), outdoor gyms (15.9%) and soccer fields/courts (14.9%) were more frequent, only the latter less than half had good quality (28,6%). There were no PA facilities in 29.0% of OPS. A higher proportion of OPSs have good quality, but less than half require improvement, comfort, less incivility and greater diversity of PA facilities. This may promote greater visits to OPS and leisure opportunities, including the practice of PA.

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a percepção de barreiras e facilitadores para a participação em programa de mudança de comportamento na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Foi usada análise de conteúdo para avaliar quatro grupos focais dos quais participaram 35 pessoas (≥ 18 anos), de ambos os sexos, de diferentes Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de Florianópolis. Falta de aula prática, variações climáticas, limitações corporais, tipo de papel do material didático, falta de segurança/estrutura e timidez foram citados como barreiras. Por outro lado, boa qualidade do material didático, qualidade do multiplicador, distribuição do pedômetro, melhoria na consciência corporal, estabelecimento de metas e apoio social foram relatados como facilitadores. Verificou-se que importantes barreiras e facilitadores necessitam ser considerados para aplicação de programas de mudança de comportamento.

Abstract This study was aimed to examine barriers and facilitators to participate in a behavior change program participants in Primare Care Health. Content analysis was used to evaluate four focus groups attended by 35 people (≥ 18 years), of both sexes, different Health Centers in Florianopolis. Lack of classroom practice, climatic variations, physical limitations, sheet of materials, lack of security/structure and shyness were cited as barriers. On the other hand, good quality of materials, quality multiplier, pedometer distribution, improved body awareness, goal setting and social support were reported as facilitators. It has been found that there are barriers and facilitators should be considered in the new program versions.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepción de barreras y facilitadores para favorecer la participación en un programa de cambio de comportamiento en Atención Primaria de Salud. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido para evaluar cuatro grupos de enfoque en que participaron 35 personas (≥18 años), de ambos sexos y diferentes centros de salud de Florianópolis. La falta de práctica en el aula, las variaciones climáticas, las limitaciones físicas, el tipo de papel de los materiales didácticos, la falta de seguridad/estructura y la timidez fueron citados como barreras. En cambio, los materiales didácticos de buena calidad, el multiplicador de calidad, la distribución del podómetro, un mejor conocimiento del cuerpo, la fijación de objetivos y el apoyo social se citaron como facilitadores. Se ha encontrado que existen barreras y facilitadores importantes que deben tenerse en cuenta para la aplicación de los programas de cambio del comportamiento.

Abstract The interest in microalga as a food supplement has grown due their high contents of carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and proteins. This study evaluated the effect of different temperatures (22, 27 or 32 °C) and sodium nitrate concentrations (12, 24, 36, 48 or 60 mg L-1 of N-NO3) in culture medium on Heterochlorella luteoviridis biomass production and composition. The highest biomass concentration (3.35 g L-1) was observed at the highest N-NO3 concentration. The N-NO3 concentration positively affected protein, carbohydrate and carotenoids contents of biomass. On the other hand, cells cultured at the lowest N-NO3 concentration showed a slight increment in lipid content. The major carotenoid was lutein (30.7 ± 1.4% of total carotenoids), and the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 37 ± 2% of total fatty acids. Low temperature improved the biosynthesis of ω3 type fatty acids by lowering the ω6:ω3 ratio. Overall, our results indicate H. luteoviridis can yield high biomass concentration under autotrophic growth, resulting in a biomass rich in carotenoids, mainly lutein, and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a validade fatorial confirmatória e a fidedignidade de uma escala de medida da autoeficácia para atividade física em idosos. Participaram 118 idosos (78% mulheres), com idade entre 60 a 90 anos. Para avaliar a análise fatorial confirmatória utilizou-se o programa Mplus 6.1. A fidedignidade foi testada pela consistência interna e estabilidade temporal. A escala original foi composta por cinco itens com resposta dicotômica (não/sim), de maneira independente para caminhada e atividade física moderada e vigorosa. O item relacionado à confiança em realizar atividade física quando o mesmo está de férias foi excluído. Foram identificados dois construtos denominados "autoeficácia para caminhada" e "autoeficácia para atividade física moderada e vigorosa", com carga fatorial ≥ 0,50. Houve adequados valores de consistência interna, tanto para caminhada (> 0,70) quanto para atividade física moderada e vigorosa (> 0,80) e de estabilidade temporal para todos os itens. Conclui-se que a escala de autoeficácia para atividade física apresenta validade, consistência interna e fidedignidade adequada para avaliar esse construto em idosos brasileiros

This study aimed to analyze the confirmatory factor validity and reliability of a self-efficacy scale for physical activity in a sample of 118 elderly (78% women) from 60 to 90 years of age. Mplus 6.1 was used to evaluate the confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was tested by internal consistency and temporal stability. The original scale consisted of five items with dichotomous answers (yes/no), independently for walking and moderate and vigorous physical activity. The analysis excluded the item related to confidence in performing physical activities when on vacation. Two constructs were identified, called "self-efficacy for walking" and "self-efficacy for moderate and vigorous physical activity", with a factor load ≥ 0.50. Internal consistency was adequate both for walking (> 0.70) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (> 0.80), and temporal stability was adequate for all the items. In conclusion, the self-efficacy scale for physical activity showed adequate validity, reliability, and internal consistency for evaluating this construct in elderly Brazilians

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la validez del análisis factorial confirmatorio y la confianza en la escala de medida de autoeficacia en la actividad física de ancianos. Participaron 118 ancianos (78% mujeres), cuya edad fue de 60 a 90 años. Para evaluar el análisis factorial confirmatorio se utilizó el programa Mplus 6.1. La confianza fue comprobada por la consistencia interna y la estabilidad temporal. La escala original estaba compuesta por cinco ítems con respuesta dicotómica (no/sí), de manera independiente para la actividad física moderada y vigorosa. El ítem relacionado con la confianza para realizar la actividad física cuando el sujeto está de vacaciones fue excluido. Fueron identificados dos constructos denominados "autoeficacia para caminata" y "autoeficacia para actividad física moderada y vigorosa", con carga factorial ≥ 0,50. Hubo adecuados valores de consistencia interna, tanto para la caminata (> 0,70), como para la actividad física moderada y vigorosa (> 0,80), y de estabilidad temporal para todos los ítems. Se concluye que la escala de autoeficacia para actividad física presenta validez, consistencia interna y confianza adecuada para evaluar ese constructo en ancianos brasileños