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The worldwide emergence of viral diseases such as Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya, West Nile and Yellow Fever urge the search for solutions to eliminate their common vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This paper describes the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and docking studies of a series of nine 3-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)propionic acids (AOPA), 1-9, previously published by our group. Additionally, three new 1,2,4-oxadiazoles, 10-12, have also been synthesized, characterized and studied. The QSAR and docking studies of all compounds, 1-12, clearly indicate that larger hydrophobic substituents such as biphenyl groups attached on position 3 in 1,2,4-oxadiazoles improve the larvicidal activity. It is worthwhile to mention that nanocapsulation of compounds 10-12 were necessary to help their dissolution in water and these three new 1,2,4-oxadiazoles also exhibited approximately equal or higher larvicidal activities compared to the former prototypes at stage L4.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220112

The Contribution of Meteorological Parameters and the COVID-19 Partial Lockdown on Air Quality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Beringui, Karmel

; Justo, Elizanne P. S.

; Ventura, Luciana M. B.

; Gomes, Ruan G. S.

; Lionel-Mateus, Vinícius

; Cruz, Alex H. De La

; Almeida, Ana Carolina L. B. de

; Ramos, Michelle B.

; Suazo, Julio Angeles

; Valle, Pedro H. R.

; Gioda, Adriana

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2023, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 69 - 82

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study evaluated the pollutant levels (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3), air quality index (AQI) and the influence of meteorological variables and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the air quality in Rio de Janeiro. The data set used comprises periods before (March-April, 2019) and during pandemic (March-April, 2020). According to the AQI results, on most days, the air quality was ranked as “good”. Brazilian air quality standards for SO2, O3, and NO2 were not exceeded in any of the monitoring stations during partial lockdown, while CO exceeded in all periods in one site due to industrial emission. Comparing both periods, descriptive statistics for the meteorological parameters presented no differences, which suggests similar conditions. However, when evaluated week by week in 2020, weather conditions presented some differences that probably affected pollutant concentrations. The correlations between O3 and NO2 and some meteorological parameters indicate that variations in both favored ozone formation, since it is a photochemical process favored by temperature and solar radiation and that, in Rio de Janeiro, low NO2 concentrations lead to increased O3. The improvements on air quality during the partial lockdown may be attributed mainly to a reduction on emission sources rather than weather conditions.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220089

Honey of Tetragonisca angustula from Southwestern Bahia: Influence of Seasonality on the Physicochemical Profile and Glioma Cell Inhibitory Effect
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Ferreira, Adrianne B.

; Novaes, Cleber G.

; Jesus, Hion O. de

; Borges, Julita Maria P.

; Ramos, Florisvaldo S.

; Pereira, Anderson J.

; Oliveira, Djalma M. de

; Aguiar, Rosane M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2023, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 135 - 145

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study aims to analyze Tetragonisca angustula honey from southwestern Bahia for its physicochemical characteristics, phenolic compounds and glioma cell inhibitory effect, in samples from different periods of the year, dry (DP) and rainy (RP) period. The analyses showed that samples obtained in the DP and RP are statistically different for the physicochemical profile (p < 0.05). DP honey has a darker color, greater acidity, content of reducing sugars and ash and lower moisture, when compared to RP. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids was determined spectrometrically, using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and reaction with aluminum chloride, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the samples (p > 0.05). For the extraction of phenolic compounds, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was used, besides analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), which identified chlorogenic acid and quantified caffeic acid and rutin (1.7723 and 0.9384 μg 100 mg-1 honey, respectively). Glioma cell inhibition effect lines were observed for DP at concentrations 1000 ng mL-1 of honey. Principal component analysis (PCA) proposes the physicochemical parameters as the main distinguishing factors between the DP and RP samples. DP samples showed similarity for the parameters ash content, acidity and reducing sugars and the samples of the RP had consonance between pH and moisture.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220095

Ursolic Acid Derivatives Down Regulate Inflammatory Mediators
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Scherrer, Elaine C.

; Valadares, Ydia M.

; Alves, Caio C. S.

; Carli, Alessandra P.

; Fernandes, Bárbara G. R.

; Carvalho, Paloma E.

; Ramos, Karla A.

; Salvador, Maiara R.

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Silva, Fernando S.

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L.

; Castro, Sandra B. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 9 Pages 1250 - 1261

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ursolic acid (UA) is being investigated due to its anti-inflammatory potential, and structural modifications can enhance its biological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the ursolic acid derivatives (UAD) in macrophages and in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. RAW264.7 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of UA or UAD (1-18). Nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and cellular viability were measured. 30 min before the carrageenan-induced paw edema, the UAD1 and UAD2 (200 mg kg-1) were administered intraperitoneally. The results showed that UAD2-4, UAD7, UAD9-11 had half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) greater than 90 µM and were able to reduce NO, NF-κB and TNF production. Moreover, UAD1 and UAD2 reduced paw edema and IL-6 production. In conclusion, the results obtained demonstrated a variation in the response between the derivatives due to the chemical modifications, showing potential to reduce the inflammatory mediators, deserving further investigations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230036

Protocol for reproduction and ploidy confirmation in Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) by flow cytometry
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Ferreira, Y. M.

; Silva, R. R.

; Alves, A. C.

; Ramos, L. R. V.

; Nascimento, N. F.

; Yasui, G. S.

; Santos, M. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e270425

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270425

Antimicrobial effect of Pentaclethra Macroloba plant extract against Enterococcus Faecalis
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Gioster-Ramos, M. L.

; Pedrinha, V. F.

; Barros, M. C.

; Bezerra, R. M.

; Andrade, F. B.

; Kuga, M. C.

; Vaz, L. G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e272095

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of a new intracanal drug based on Pentaclethra macroloba extract, a plant of Amazonian origin, against Enterococcus faecalis using macrodilution test and intratubular evaluation with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the pure extract of Pentaclethra macroloba andits association with calcium hydroxide and ultracall were determined. Then, thirty-three dentin cylinders were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis, to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the medications on the dentinal tubules with CLSM. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. The extract in association with calcium hydroxide showed a lower CBM, and in the intratubular test all tested medications were effective against E. faecalis (P >0.05). The new intracanal drug based on P. macroloba extract has an antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis and further studies are needed for its clinical use.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a eficácia antimicrobiana de uma nova droga intracanal à base de extrato de Pentaclethra macroloba, uma planta de origem amazônica, contra Enterococcus faecalis por meio do teste de macrodiluição e avaliação intratubular em Microscopia Confocal de Varredura a Laser (CLSM). Foram determinadas a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e a concentração bactericida mínima (CBM) do extrato puro de Pentaclethra macroloba, sua associação com hidróxido de cálcio e ultracall. Em seguida, trinta e três cilindros de dentina foram preparados e inoculados com E. faecalis, para avaliar o efeito antimicrobiano de medicamentos nos túbulos dentinários em CLSM. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn. O extrato em associação com hidróxido de cálcio apresentou menor CBM. E no teste intratubular, todas as medicações testadas foram efetivas contra E. faecalis (P >0,05). A nova droga intracanal à base de extrato de P. macroloba tem efeito antimicrobiano contra E. faecalis e mais estudos são necessários para seu uso clínico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.272095

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-living wild birds in Goiania Zoo
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Melo, Y. J. O.

; Ferraz, H. T.

; Saturnino, K. C.

; Silva, T. D. P.

; Braga, I. A.

; Amaral, A. V. C.

; Meirelles-Bartoli, R. B.

; Ramos, D. G. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e240386

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Helmintos são endoparasitas que infectam uma variedade de espécies de aves. As infecções por endoparasitas podem causar doenças graves, podendo matar aves em cativeiro e representam um problema de manutenção e conservação. Os ovos e as formas larvais desses parasitas são geralmente eliminados nas fezes do hospedeiro. O principal objetivo deste estudo é relatar a ocorrência de ovos e oocistos em fezes de aves silvestres em cativeiro no Zoológico de Goiânia e em aves de vida livre em seu entorno. As amostras fecais foram submetidas a exame parasitológico para identificação da presença de helmintos e classificação dos ovos com base nas características morfológicas. Ovos de nematóides (Positivo/N) foram identificados como Ascaridia spp. em Brotogeris chiriri (2/2), Dromaius novaehollandiae (1/1) e Rhea americana (2/2); Ascarididae em Pavo cristatus nigripensis (1/1); Capillaria spp. em Ara chloropterus (1/1) e Penelope jacucaca (1/1); Capillaria plagiaticia em Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (1/2) e Ara spp. (2/2); Capillaria venusta em Rhamphastus tucanus (1/2); e ovos de nematóide não identificado de Amazona amazonica (2/2). Oocistos de Eimeria spp. foram encontrados nas fezes de A. hyacinthinus (1/2). Considerando pássaros de vida livre, ovos de Diphyllobothrium spp. foram encontrados em Ardea alba (2/2) e Nycticorax nycticorax (2/3). Coinfecção de Eustrongylides spp. foi encontradada em A. alba (1/2). Esta é a primeira ocorrência de: Ascaridia spp. parasitando B. chiriri; e C. venusta parasitando R. tucanus. Em conclusão, os ovos de helmintos encontrados nas espécies de aves hospedeiras acima mencionadas são consistentes com os relatados na literatura, e os protocolos de tratamento e controle foram baseados em sua identificação.

Abstract Helminths are endoparasites that infect a variety of bird species. Endoparasite infections can cause severe diseases, including kill captive avian hosts and represents a problem to maintenance and conservation. The eggs and larval forms of these parasites are usually eliminated in the host feces. The main interest of this study is to report the occurrence of eggs and oocysts in feces from captive wild birds in Goiânia Zoo and free-living birds in its surroundings. The fecal samples were subjected to parasitological examination to identify the presence of helminths and to classify their eggs based on morphological characteristics. Eggs of nematode parasites (Positive/N) were identified as Ascaridia spp. in Brotogeris chiriri (2/2), Dromaius novaehollandiae (1/1) and Rhea americana (2/2); Ascarididae in Pavo cristatus nigripensis (1/1); Capillaria spp. in Ara chloropterus (1/1) and Penelope jacucaca (1/1); Capillaria plagiaticia in Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (1/2) and Ara spp. (2/2); Capillaria venusta in Rhamphastus tucanus (1/2); and unidentified nematode eggs from Amazona amazonica (2/2). Eimeria spp. oocyst was founded in feces from A. hyacinthinus (1/2). Considering free-living birds, Diphyllobothrium spp. eggs were founded in Ardea alba (2/2) and Nycticorax nycticorax (2/3). Co-infection of Eustrongylides spp. was founded in A. alba (1/2). This is the first occurrence of: Ascaridia spp. parasitizing B. chiriri; and C. venusta parasitizing R. tucanus. In conclusion, the helminth eggs found in the abovementioned host bird species are consistent with those reported in the literature, and treatment and control protocols were based on their identification.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.240386 327 downloads

Sensitivity of hyperparasitic fungi to alternative products for use in the control of papaya black spot
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Vivas, J. M. S.

; Silveira, S. F.

; Mussi-Dias, V.

; Santos, P. H. D.

; Ramos, G. K. S.

; Santos, P. R.

; Almeida, R. N.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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feb 2021, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 27 - 36

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O uso de mais de uma técnica de controle pode maximizar a redução dos danos causados pelo fungo Asperisporium caricae agente causal da pinta preta na cultura do mamoeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sensibilidade dos fungos Hansfordia pulvinata e Acremonium spp. a produtos alternativos com potencial para uso no controle da pinta-preta. Três isolados de Acremonium spp. (A-598, A-602 e A-617) e um isolado de H. pulvinata (H-611) foram cultivados em meio BDA contendo Agro-Mos®, Bion®, Ecolife®, Hortifospk®, Matriz G®, Vitaphol® separadamente. Fungicida Amistar 500WG® foi utilizado como controle positivo e BDA puro, como controle negativo. A toxicidade dos produtos testados foi determinada com base nos valores do índice biológico, provenientes das médias do crescimento micelial, esporulação e germinação de conídios, em cada unidade experimental. Dessa forma foi possível selecionar os produtos classificados como compatíveis para todos os isolados, e testá-los in vivo. Em casa de vegetação, somente os isolados e os isolados com produtos selecionados, foram aplicados em plantas de mamoeiro com sintomas foliares de pinta-preta. Avaliaram-se a incidência de folhas com hiperparasitas e a porcentagem de lesões de pinta-preta colonizadas pelos isolados testados. Assim o isolado H-611 mostrou-se compatível com a maioria dos produtos alternativos testados, exceto com Hortifos®. Os produtos Bion® e Matriz® apresentaram compatibilidade com todos os isolados testados, podendo ser utilizados em conjunto com o Acremonium spp. e H. pulvinata para controlar a pinta-preta do mamoeiro, uma vez que estes produtos não apresentaram toxidade sobre os fungos hiperparasitas.

Abstract The use of more than one control technique can maximize the reduction of the damages caused by the fungus Asperisporium caricae causal agent of the black spot in the papaya crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of the fungi Hansfordia pulvinata and Acremonium spp. to alternative products with potential for use in the control of the black-spotted ptarmigan. Three isolates of Acremonium spp. (A-598, A-602 and A-617) and an isolate of H. pulvinata (H-611) were grown in BDA medium containing Agro-Mos®, Bion®, Ecolife®, Hortifospk®, Matriz G®, Vitaphol® separately. The Amistar 500WG ® fungicide was used as a positive control and pure BDA as a negative control. The toxicity of the tested products was determined based on the values of the biological index, derived from the means of mycelial growth, sporulation and germination of conidia, in each experimental unit. In this way it was possible to select the products classified as compatible for all isolates, and to test them in vivo. In the greenhouse, only the isolates and isolates with selected products, were applied in papaya plants with foliar symptoms of black-spotted. The incidence of leaves with hyperparasites and the percentage of black-painted lesions colonized by the tested isolates were evaluated. Thus, the H-611 isolate proved to be compatible with most of the alternative products tested, except with Hortifos®. Bion® and Matrix® products were compatible with all tested isolates and could be used in conjunction with Acremonium spp. and H. pulvinata to control the papaya black spot, since these products did not present toxicity on the hyperparasitic fungi.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.214909 372 downloads

Relaciones alométricas para plantaciones de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham. en el Estado de México
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Ordaz-Ruíz, Gustavo

; Hernández-Ramos, Jonathan

; García-Espinoza, Guadalupe G.

; Hernández-Ramos, Adrián

; Delgado-Valerio, Patricia

; García-Magaña, J. Jesús

Revista mexicana de ciencias forestales

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aug 2020, Volume 11 N. 60 Pages 97 - 119

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Allometric relationships are the phenotypic adjustments of species to the environmental conditions where they develop. The objectives were 1) to fit allometric models between the variables stump diameter (dt), normal diameter (d), total height (h) and volume (V) for commercial forest plantations (CFP) of Pinus patula in Regions VI and VII from Mexico State, and 2) to evaluate the differences between the volumes resulting from the volume equations used by the forestry technicians of the State of Mexico. 1 825 dt, d and h data from 65 sampling sites were used to fit 13 allometric models using maximum likelihood. The statistical evaluation was based on the significance of the parameters (p<0.05), the root mean square error, the adjusted coefficient of determination, and the bias. The regression showed significant parameters and standard errors below 1.5 when using the dt as an independent variable, 54.7 % and 87 % of the h and V are explained, and 57.0 % and 91.9 % of the h and the V, respectively, when using the d. The models were reliable enough to be included in a growth and yield system or in the elaboration of CFP management plans. Furthermore, the expression proposed by PROBOSQUE (1990) constitutes the best alternative for the projection of timber yield for P. patula.

Resumen Las relaciones alométricas son los ajustes fenotípicos que manifiestan las especies a las condiciones ambientales donde se desarrollan. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: 1) ajustar modelos alométricos entre las variables de diámetro de tocón (dt), diámetro normal (d), altura total (h) y el volumen (V) para plantaciones forestales comerciales (PFC) de Pinus patula en las Regiones VI y VII del Estado de México; y 2) evaluar la diferencia entre los volúmenes resultantes de las ecuaciones empleadas por técnicos forestales del Estado de México. Se emplearon 1 825 datos de dt, d y h provenientes de 65 sitios de muestreo, para el ajuste de 13 modelos alométricos mediante máxima verosimilitud. La evaluación estadística se realizó con la significancia de los parámetros (p<0.05), la raíz del cuadrado medio del error, el coeficiente de determinación ajustado y sesgo. La regresión mostró parámetros significativos y errores estándar inferiores a 1.5; cuando se empleó el dt como variable independiente, se explica 54.7 % y 87 % del h y V, respectivamente; mientras que, si se usa el d para la relación con h y V se obtuvo 57.0 % y 91.9 %, respectivamente. Los modelos resultaron confiables para incluirlos en sistemas de crecimiento y rendimiento, o en la elaboración de planes de manejo de las PFC; además, la expresión propuesta por la Protectora de Bosques del Estado de México (Probosque) representa la mejor alternativa para la proyección del rendimiento maderable para Pinus patula.

https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v11i60.705 295 downloads

10.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Villanueva-Reza, Marco

; González-Lara, María F.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Díaz-Mejía, Bruno A.

; Pérez-García, Esteban

; Olivas-Martínez, Antonio

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; León-Cividanes, Nereyda A. de

; Fernández-García, Oscar A.

; Guerrero-Torres, Lorena

; Torres-González, Lorena

; Carrera-Patiño, Fabián A.

; Corral-Herrera, Ever A.

; Hernández-Alemón, Aldo N.

; Tovar-Vargas, Maria de los Ángeles

; Serrano-Pinto, Yamile G.

; Espejo-Ortiz, Cristian E.

; Morales-Ortega, María de la L.

; Lozano-Cruz, Óscar A.

; Cárdenas-Fragoso, José L.

; Vidal-Mayo, José de J.

; Hernández-Gilsoul, Thierry

; Rivero-Sigarroa, Eduardo

; Domínguez-Cherit, Guillermo

; Cervantes-Villar, Luz E.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Maria del P.

; Ibarra-González, Violeta

; Calva-Mercado, Juan J.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan G.

; López-Íñiguez, Álvaro

; Ochoa-Hein, Eric

; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda E.

; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo

; Guerrero-Almeida, María de L.

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Gulías-Herrero, Alfonso

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

Revista de investigación clínica

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jun 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 165 - 177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000211 533 downloads

11.

Freshwater fish richness baseline from the São Francisco Interbasin Water Transfer Project in the Brazilian Semiarid
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Silva, Márcio J.

; Ramos, Telton P. A.

; Carvalho, Fernando R.

; Brito, Marcelo F. G.

; Ramos, Robson T. C.

; Rosa, Ricardo S.

; Sánchez-Botero, Jorge I.

; Novaes, José L. C.

; Costa, Rodrigo S.

; Lima, Sergio M. Q.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 N. 4 elocation e200063

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Dentre as ecorregiões dulcícolas neotropicais, a Nordeste Médio-Oriental (MNCE) é uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre peixes. Suas drenagens temporárias são receptoras do projeto de transposição do São Francisco (SFR-IWT) no semiárido brasileiro. Fornecemos uma linha de base abrangente da riqueza de peixes das cinco bacias do SFR-IWT. Riqueza de espécies, espécies compartilhadas, endêmicas, ameaçadas e não-nativas foram obtidas através de amostragem, coleções ictiológicas, literatura e repositórios online (306 localidades). No total, foram registradas 121 espécies, 111 nativas e 16 (14,41%) listadas para todas as bacias. A maior riqueza de espécies nativas (78, 70,27%) foi registrada no trecho sub-médio do São Francisco (SFRE), incluindo 23 endêmicas e 61 (54,95%) nas bacias da MNCE (13 endêmicas), e 28 (25,23 %) compartilhadas entre ambas ecorregiões. Na MNCE, foram registradas 50 espécies na Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 na Piranhas-Açu, 36 na Paraíba do Norte e 32 na Apodi-Mossoró (APO). O número de espécies compartilhadas entre SFRE e cada bacia receptora variou de 24 (23,08%, JAG) a 20 (22,22%, APO). JAG contém 81,97% das espécies das bacias receptoras. Sua maior riqueza e endemismo merecem atenção especial em relação às mudanças hidrológicas em curso. Este estudo ajudará a detectar possíveis modificações na ictiofauna das principais drenagens da MNCE.

Abstract Among Neotropical freshwater ecoregions, the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga (MNCE) is a fish knowledge gap. Its temporary drainages are receptors of the São Francisco interbasin water transfer project (SFR-IWT) in the Brazilian semiarid. We provide a comprehensive baseline of fish richness of the five SFR-IWT basins. Species richness, shared, endemic, threatened and non-native species were obtained using sampling, ichthyologic collections, literature and online repositories (306 localities). In total 121, species were recorded, 111 of them native, and 16 (14.41%) listed for all basins. Higher richness of native species (78, 70.27%) was recorded in the São Francisco lower-middle stretch (SFRE), including 23 endemic, 61 (54.95%) in MNCE basins (13 endemic), and 28 (25.23%) shared between both ecoregions. In the MNCE, 50 species were recorded in Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 in Piranhas-Açu, 36 in Paraíba do Norte, and 32 in Apodi-Mossoró (APO). The number of species shared between the SFRE and each receptor basin varied from 24 (23.08%, JAG) to 20 (22.22%, APO). JAG contains 81.97% of the receptor basins’ species. Its higher richness and endemism deserve special attention regarding the ongoing hydrological changes. This study will help detect possible modifications in the ichthyofauna of the main MNCE drainages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0063 1387 downloads

12.

Comparison of RF and Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering for the Deposition of AZO Thin Films on PET
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Oliveira, L. P. G.

; Ramos, R.

; Rabelo, W. H.

; Rangel, E. C.

; Durrant, Steven F.

; Bortoleto, J. R. R.

Materials Research

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2020, Volume 23 N. 3 elocation e20190643

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

AZO thin films (around 200 nm thick) were grown on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at room temperature. The plasma was activated using a 13.56 MHz (RF) or a 15 kHz pulsed (PMS) source at a power of 60 W. Optical reflection and transmittance were measured using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer over the wavelengths from 190 nm to 2500 nm. All samples show average transmittances greater than 83% in the visible region. The electrical resistivity was measured by the linear four-point probe method to be around 0.001 Ωcm for 200 nm-thick AZO films grown by PMS. XRD results indicated that the films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure and were preferentially oriented in the (002) plane. The surface morphology of the AZO thin films was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); film chemical composition was studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). For this, an EDS coupled to the Scanning Electron Microscope was used. Only for films grown by PMS were no cracks observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0643 680 downloads

13.

Genotoxicity effects on Geophagus brasiliensis fish exposed to Doce River water after the environmental disaster in the city of Mariana, MG, Brazil
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Gomes, L. C.

; Chippari-Gomes, A. R.

; Miranda, T. O.

; Pereira, T. M.

; Merçon, J.

; Davel, V. C.

; Barbosa, B. V.

; Pereira, A. C. H.

; Frossard, A.

; Ramos, J. P. L.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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nov 2019, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 659 - 664

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A bacia do Rio Doce sofreu o maior acidente ambiental com o influxo de rejeitos de Fundão e Santarém, pertencentes à empresa de mineração Samarco, devido ao desastre em Mariana. Um derramamento entre 50 e 60 milhões de m3 de rejeitos foi estimado pela empresa. De acordo com a Samarco, o rejeito despejado era composto principalmente de argila, silte e alguns metais pesados como ferro, cobre e manganês. Com isso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os danos genotóxicos em juvenis de Geophagus brasilienses expostos a água do rio Doce antes (DRWAA – água do Rio Doce antes do acidente) e depois (DRWBA- água do Rio Doce depois do acidente) da chegada dos rejeitos do rompimento das barragens de Germano e Santarém em Mariana, MG, Brasil. Para isso, 24 indivíduos da espécie G. brasilienses (obtidos na piscicultura do IFES/ALEGRE) foram submetidos a um bioensaio com três tratamentos e oito réplicas. Os tratamentos eram: 1) Controle (com água do abastecimento urbano, filtrada com filtro analítico de 0,45 µm); 2) DRWBA e 3) DRWAA. Após um período de 96 h, esses peixes foram anestesiados para retirada de sangue para avaliação dos danos genotóxicos (micronúcleo e cometa). Para a realização do bioensaio, um total de 80 L de água do Rio Doce foram coletados antes da chegada dos rejeitos e outros 80 L foram coletados depois da chegada dos rejeitos e ambas foram submetidas a análises de quantificação de metal. Os peixes expostos ao DRWBA e ao DRWAA apresentaram um aumento significativo na quantidade de micronúcleos eritrocitários e no índice de danos do DNA em relação aos peixes controle, no entanto não apresentaram diferenças entre si. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a DRWBA já era genotóxica para os peixes, principalmente, em função das concentrações de Cu dissolvido na água. A DRWAA apresentou genotixicidade, provavelmente, em função do aumento da fração dissolvida e do efeito sinérgico de diversos metais presentes nos rejeitos do acidente de Mariana.

Abstract The Doce River basin has suffered the largest environmental accident ever occurred in Brazil with the influx of tailings from Fundão and Santarém, belonging to Samarco mining company, due to the disaster in Mariana. A spill between 50 and 60 million m3 of tailings was estimated by the company. According to Samarco, the wastewater was composed mainly of clay, silt and heavy metals like iron, copper and manganese. Thereby, the objective of the present study was evaluated the genotoxic damage in juvenile of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy e Gaimard, 1824) exposed to Doce river water before (DRWBA – Doce River water before acident) and after (DRWAA – Doce River water after acident) the influx of tailings from the Germano and Santarém Dam disasters in Mariana, MG, Brazil. For this, 24 individuals of the species G. brasiliensis (obtained on IFES/ALEGRE fish culture) were submitted to a bioassay with three treatments and eight replicates. The treatments were: 1) Control water (water from the urban water supply system, filtered with a 0.45 µm membrane), 2) DRBA and 3) DRAA. After 96 h, these fishes were anesthetized to remove blood for evaluation of genotoxic damage (micronucleus and comet). For the bioassay, a total of 80 L of The Doce River water were collected before the influx of tailings and after the influx and then submitted to metal quantification analysis. Fish exposed to DRWBA and DRWAA treatments showed a significant increase in both the number of erythrocyte micronuclei and the DNA damage index in relation to the control fish; however, they did not present any differences between the two treatments. The results demonstrate that the DRWBA treatment was already genotoxic for the fish, mainly due to dissolved Cu concentrations in the water. The DRWAA treatment probably presented genotoxicity due to the increase in the dissolved fraction and synergistic effects of several metals found in the tailings of the Mariana accident.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.188086 2607 downloads

14.

Nutrient contents and growth of corn fertigated with human urine and cassava wastewater
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Araújo, Narcísio C. de

; Lima, Vera L. A. de

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Andrade, Elysson M. G.

; Ramos, Jailton G.

; Oliveira, Suenildo J. C.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2019, Volume 23 N. 9 Pages 681 - 686

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os teores dos macronutrientes (NPK e S) e o crescimento do milho ‘Potiguar’ fertigado com urina humana, manipueira e suas associações com NPK. O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegetação localizada no Campus I da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, composto por oito tratamentos, correspondentes a fertigação com fertilizante mineral na fórmula de NPK; orgânica composta por urina humana, manipueira e água amarela associada à manipueira; organonomineral composta por urina humana adicionada de fósforo e potássio, manipueira mais nitrogênio e fósforo e urina humana associada à manipueira mais fósforo, com cinco repetições. Aos 50 dias após a semeadura (DAS) foram avaliados os teores foliares de NPK e S e as variáveis de crescimento: número de folhas, altura de planta, diâmetro caulinar, área foliar, massa fresca e seca das folhas, massa do caule e da parte aérea. Os teores de N e P, e as variáveis de crescimento: número de folhas, altura de planta, massa fresca e seca das folhas, massa do caule e da parte aérea foram influenciados pela fertigação com urina humana, manipueira e suas associações com NPK. Nas folhas do milho ‘Potiguar’ os teores acumulados de N, P, K e S, aos 50 DAS, variaram na sequência N > K > P > S. A urina humana tem potencial como fonte de N na fertigação do milho e a manipueira pode ser utilizada se associada a outras fontes de nutrientes.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the contents of macronutrients (NPK and S) and the growth of ‘Potiguar’ corn fertigated with human urine, cassava wastewater and their associations with NPK. The experiment was set up in greenhouse located on Campus I of Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of eight treatments, corresponding to fertigation with mineral fertilizer NPK formula; organic, composed of yellow water, cassava wastewater and human urine associated with cassava wastewater; organomineral, composed of human urine associated with phosphorus and potassium, cassava wastewater associated with nitrogen and phosphorus and human urine associated with cassava wastewater and phosphorus, with five repetitions. At 50 days after sowing (DAS), plants were evaluated for the leaf NPK and S concentrations and growth variables: number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and shoots. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and the growth variables number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and of shoot were influenced by fertigation with human urine, cassava wastewater concentrations and their associations with NPK. In the leaves of corn cultivar Potiguar the accumulated concentrations of N, P and K, at 50 DAS, varied in the sequence N > K > P. Human urine has potential as source of N in fertigation of corn and cassava wastewater can be used if associated with other sources of nutrients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n9p681-686 889 downloads

15.

Cosmarium bromelicola sp. nov. (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae), a new desmid species from Northeast Brazil
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Ramos, G. J. P.

; Bicudo, C. E. M.

; Moura, C. W. N.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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sep 2019, Volume 79 N. 3 Pages 410 - 413

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Cosmarium bromelicola sp. nov. é uma nova espécie de desmídia descrita a partir de amostragens realizadas em tanques de bromélias (fitotelmata) de uma área de afloramentos rochosos na Serra da Jiboia, Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. A presença de células trapeziformes com uma depressão profunda na região apical e célula em forma de X em vista lateral são as características diagnósticas da espécie. Relações com os táxons morfologicamente próximos são discutidas.

Abstract Cosmarium bromelicola sp. nov. is a new desmid species described from samplings carried out in bromeliad tanks (phytotelmata) from an area of rocky outcrops at Serra da Jiboia, Bahia State, Northeast Brazil. Presence of subtrapeziform cells with a deep depression at the apical region and twisted X-shaped cell in side view are the diagnostic features for the species. Relationships with the morphologically closest taxa are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.180808 752 downloads

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