Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos comportamentais e as crenças da população cearense frente à pandemia de COVID-19. Foi realizado um questionário “on line” sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e crenças relacionados à pandemia. Foram calculadas frequências absoluta e relativa, a associação entre variáveis foi realizada com Qui-quadrado e o nível de significância foi de 5%. A amostra final contou com 2.259 participantes e foi observada associação entre o gênero feminino e se perceber com um alto risco de contaminação (p = 0,044) e o gênero masculino com a não realização voluntária da quarentena (p < 0,001). Pessoas com 80 anos ou mais realizaram quarentena parcialmente devido ao fluxo de pessoas em casa (p < 0,001). Os participantes com o ensino fundamental se perceberam com um risco menor de contaminação que aqueles com grau de escolaridade mais elevado (p < 0,001). Neste grupo estão as pessoas que menos fizeram quarentena voluntária (p < 0,001). Os participantes que moram no interior do estado, tiveram menos contato direto com alguém testado positivamente para o coronavírus (p = 0,031) e estão menos reclusos (p < 0,001). É possível concluir que a abordagem frente à pandemia de COVID-19 varia de acordo com aspectos sociais, como gênero, idade, escolaridade e local de residência, assim como o sistema de crenças da população do estado do Ceará.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral aspects and beliefs of the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was conducted on sociodemographic aspects and opinions related to the pandemic. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated, the association between variables was performed with Chi-square, and the level of significance was 5%. The final sample had 2,259 participants, and an association was observed between females and perceiving themselves with a high risk of infection (p = 0.044) and males with non-performance of voluntary quarantine (p < 0.001). People aged 80 years and over were partially quarantined due to the flow of people at home (p < 0.001). Participants with elementary school education had a lower risk of infection than participants with a higher level of education (p < 0.001). This group includes people who did voluntary quarantine the least (p < 0.001). Participants living in the inland region of the state had less direct contact with someone tested positive for the Coronavirus (p = 0.031) and are less reclusive (p < 0.001). We can conclude that the approach to the COVID-19 pandemic varies by social aspects, such as gender, age, education, and place of residence, as well as the belief system of the population of the State of Ceará.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos comportamentais e as crenças da população cearense frente à pandemia de COVID-19. Foi realizado um questionário “on line” sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e crenças relacionados à pandemia. Foram calculadas frequências absoluta e relativa, a associação entre variáveis foi realizada com Qui-quadrado e o nível de significância foi de 5%. A amostra final contou com 2.259 participantes e foi observada associação entre o gênero feminino e se perceber com um alto risco de contaminação (p = 0,044) e o gênero masculino com a não realização voluntária da quarentena (p < 0,001). Pessoas com 80 anos ou mais realizaram quarentena parcialmente devido ao fluxo de pessoas em casa (p < 0,001). Os participantes com o ensino fundamental se perceberam com um risco menor de contaminação que aqueles com grau de escolaridade mais elevado (p < 0,001). Neste grupo estão as pessoas que menos fizeram quarentena voluntária (p < 0,001). Os participantes que moram no interior do estado, tiveram menos contato direto com alguém testado positivamente para o coronavírus (p = 0,031) e estão menos reclusos (p < 0,001). É possível concluir que a abordagem frente à pandemia de COVID-19 varia de acordo com aspectos sociais, como gênero, idade, escolaridade e local de residência, assim como o sistema de crenças da população do estado do Ceará.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral aspects and beliefs of the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was conducted on sociodemographic aspects and opinions related to the pandemic. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated, the association between variables was performed with Chi-square, and the level of significance was 5%. The final sample had 2,259 participants, and an association was observed between females and perceiving themselves with a high risk of infection (p = 0.044) and males with non-performance of voluntary quarantine (p < 0.001). People aged 80 years and over were partially quarantined due to the flow of people at home (p < 0.001). Participants with elementary school education had a lower risk of infection than participants with a higher level of education (p < 0.001). This group includes people who did voluntary quarantine the least (p < 0.001). Participants living in the inland region of the state had less direct contact with someone tested positive for the Coronavirus (p = 0.031) and are less reclusive (p < 0.001). We can conclude that the approach to the COVID-19 pandemic varies by social aspects, such as gender, age, education, and place of residence, as well as the belief system of the population of the State of Ceará.

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the participation of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the pathophysiology of oral mucositis. Methods: Oral mucositis was induced in hamsters using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 60 and 40 mg/kg; i.p., on days 1 and 2, respectively, and with excoriations in jugal mucosa on day 4). Montelukast (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg/d; gavage), MK886 (3 mg/kg/d, i.p.), or saline or celecoxib (7.5 mg/kg/d; i.p.) was administered 1 h prior to 5-FU and daily, until the fourth (MK886) or tenth day, when the animals were euthanized and their jugal mucosa was collected for macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Results: Neither montelukast nor MK-886 prevented the oral mucositis induced by 5-FU, as observed by histopathological evaluation. In addition, we did not find significant differences in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase-2, cyclooxygenase-2, or interleukin (IL)-1β between the experimental and control groups. However, we did observe a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression for all doses of montelukast; we also observed a significant decrease in IL-10 with 40 mg/kg/d and MK 886. Conclusions: Cysteinyl leukotrienes do not play an important role in experimental oral mucositis induced by 5-FU. There is a modulating action specifically on TNF-α.