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Developing a cooperative multicenter study in Latin America: Lessons learned from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health Project
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Fisberg, Mauro

; Kovalskys, Irina

; Gómez Salas, Georgina

; Pareja Torres, Rossina Gabriella

; Yépez García, Martha Cecilia

; Cortés Sanabria, Lilia Yadira

; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella

; Rigotti, Attilio

; Guajardo, Viviana

; Zimberg, Ioná Zalcman

; Previdelli, Agatha Nogueira

; Moreno, Luis A.

; Pratt, Michael

; Koletzko, Berthold

; Tucker, Katherine L.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2017, Volume 41 elocation e111

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Neste relato se examinam os desafios de realizar um estudo transversal multicêntrico em países com culturas diversas e os ensinamentos tirados. O Estudo Latino-americano de Nutrição e Saúde (ELANS) serviu de estudo de viabilidade, englobando as cidades mais populosas de oito países da América Latina (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Peru e Venezuela) em 2014–2015, representando cerca de 40% da população das Américas. A amostra pretendida compreendeu 9.000 indivíduos com 15 a 65 anos de idade e foi estratificada por localização geográfica (exclusivamente áreas urbanas), sexo, idade e nível socioeconômico. Os seis principais desafios identificados foram: estruturar as equipes e selecionar as sedes, elaborar um único protocolo, obter as aprovações dos comitês de ética, realizar trabalho de campo simultâneo, assegurar a qualidade dos dados e extrair os dados e manter a consistência em todas as bases de dados. Os ensinamentos tirados demonstram serem imprescindíveis harmonização, estudo-piloto, uniformidade dos procedimentos, ótimo controle da qualidade dos dados e comunicação e colaboração entre as sedes. Entre as barreiras estão a complexidade organizacional, recrutamento de colaboradores e pessoal de pesquisa, cooperação institucional, desenvolvimento de infraestrutura e identificação dos recursos. Antes do início do trabalho de campo, deve-se chegar a um consenso sobre medidas e resultados uniformes e metodologia de coleta de dados assim como um plano para o gerenciamento e análise dos dados, comunicação, publicação e disseminação dos resultados dos estudos. Apesar da sua complexidade, tais estudos têm um grande potencial de fundar uma base científica para estudos de nutrição, atividade física e outros tópicos relacionados à saúde, ao mesmo tempo que facilitam comparações entre os países da América Latina.

ABSTRACT This report examines the challenges of conducting a multicenter, cross-sectional study of countries with diverse cultures, and shares the lessons learned. The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS) was used as a feasibility study involving the most populous cities of eight countries in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela) in 2014–2015, about 40% of the population of the Americas. The target sample included 9 000 individuals, 15–65 years of age, and was stratified by geographic location (only urban areas), gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Six principal challenges were identified: team structuring and site selections; developing a single protocol; obtaining ethic approvals; completing simultaneous fieldwork; ensuring data quality; and extracting data and maintaining consistency across databases. Lessons learned show that harmonization, pilot study, uniformity of procedures, high data quality control, and communication and collaboration across sites are imperative. Barriers included organizational complexity, recruitment of collaborators and research staff, institutional cooperation, development of infrastructure, and identification of resources. Consensus on uniform measures and outcomes and data collection methodology, as well as a plan for data management and analysis, communication, publication, and dissemination of study results should be in place prior to beginning fieldwork. While challenging, such studies offer great potential for building a scientific base for studies on nutrition, physical activity, and other health topics, while facilitating comparisons among countries.

RESUMEN En este informe se examinan los retos de llevar a cabo un estudio transversal multicéntrico en países con culturas diversas y se transmiten las enseñanzas extraídas. Se usó el Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS) como un estudio de factibilidad realizado en el período 2014–2015, que incluyó las ciudades más populosas de ocho países de América Latina (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela) y abarcó a cerca de 40% de la población de la Región de las Américas. La muestra establecida incluyó a 9 000 personas de 15 a 65 años de edad, y fue estratificada según la ubicación geográfica (solo zonas urbanas) y por sexo, edad y situación socioeconómica. Se encontraron seis retos principales: estructurar los equipos y seleccionar los sitios; preparar un protocolo único; obtener las aprobaciones éticas; terminar simultáneamente el trabajo sobre el terreno; velar por la calidad de los datos y extraer datos y mantener la uniformidad en todas las bases de datos. Las enseñanzas extraídas muestran que la armonización, los estudios piloto, la uniformidad de los procedimientos, el riguroso control de la calidad de los datos y la comunicación y colaboración entre todos los sitios son imperativos. Los obstáculos incluyeron la complejidad de la organización, el reclutamiento de colaboradores y personal de investigación, la cooperación institucional, el desarrollo de infraestructura y la definición de los recursos. Antes de comenzar el trabajo sobre el terreno, se debe llegar a un consenso acerca de mediciones y resultados uniformes y la metodología de recopilación de datos, así como un plan para la gestión y el análisis de los datos y la comunicación, publicación y difusión de los resultados del estudio. A pesar de que estos estudios constituyen un desafío, hacen posible establecer una base científica para los estudios sobre la nutrición, la actividad física y otros temas de salud, al facilitar las comparaciones entre los países de América Latina.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2017.111 77 downloads

Characteristics of physical activity programs in the Brazilian primary health care system
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Gomes, Grace Angélica de Oliveira

; Kokubun, Eduardo

; Mieke, Grégore Iven

; Ramos, Luiz Roberto

; Pratt, Michael

; Parra, Diana C.

; Simões, Eduardo

; Florindo, Alex A.

; Bracco, Mario

; Cruz, Danielle

; Malta, Deborah

; Lobelo, Felipe

; Hallal, Pedro C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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oct 2014, Volume 30 N. 10 Pages 2155 - 2168

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O objetivo foi descrever as características dos programas de atividade física na atenção básica de saúde de acordo com a presença de Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) no município e por regiões do Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal por inquérito telefônico com 1.251 coordenadores de unidades de saúde. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre presença de intervenções com atividade física e suas características de funcionamento. Quatro em cada dez unidades de saúde relataram ter uma intervenção com atividade física, especialmente grupos de caminhada. A maior parte da atividade é realizada na manhã uma vez ou duas vezes por semana, com sessões de 30 minutos ou mais. Profissionais de educação física são os principais responsáveis por supervisionar as atividades. Os programas ocorrem na unidade de saúde ou outros espaços comunitários. Estas características, de modo geral, foram semelhantes entre unidades com ou sem NASF no município e apresentaram variação entre as regiões. Os resultados desse estudo irão permitir melhor direcionamento das próximas ações de promoção de atividade física na atenção básica de saúde.

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of programs that promote physical activity in the public primary care system by region of Brazil, subject to the presence or absence of multidisciplinary primary care teams (NASF). We conducted a cross sectional and population-based telephone survey of the health unit coordinators from 1,251 health care units. Coordinators were asked about the presence and characteristics of physical activity programs. Four out of ten health units reported having a physical activity intervention program, the most common involving walking groups. Most of the activities were performed in the morning, once or twice a week, and in sessions of 30 minutes or more. Physical education professionals were primarily responsible for directing the activities. Interventions occurred in the health unit itself or in adjacent community spaces. In general, these characteristics were similar between units with or without NASF, but varied substantially across regions. These findings will guide future physical activity policies and programs within primary care in Brazil.

El objetivo fue describir las características de los programas de actividad física en atención primaria, de acuerdo con el Centro de Apoyo a la Salud de la Familia (NASF) y las regiones de Brasil. Se realizó una encuesta transversal telefónica con 1.251 coordinadores de las unidades de salud. Se preguntó a los coordinadores acerca de la presencia y características de intervenciones de actividad física en funcionamiento. Cuatro de cada diez centros de salud reportaron tener una intervención de actividad física, especialmente, grupos de paseo. La mayor parte de las actividades se llevan a cabo por la mañana una vez o dos veces por semana con sesiones de 30 minutos o más. Los profesores de educación física son los principales responsables de la supervisión de las actividades. Los programas se llevan a cabo en la clínica o en otros espacios públicos. Estas características fueron similares en unidades con o sin NASF y mostraron una variación regional en su prevalencia. Estas características permitirán enfocar próximas acciones para promover la actividad física dentro de la atención primaria de salud.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00085713 1738 downloads

Characteristics of physical activity programs in the Brazilian primary health care system
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Gomes, Grace Angélica de Oliveira

; Kokubun, Eduardo

; Mieke, Grégore Iven

; Ramos, Luiz Roberto

; Pratt, Michael

; Parra, Diana C.

; Simões, Eduardo

; Florindo, Alex A.

; Bracco, Mario

; Cruz, Danielle

; Malta, Deborah

; Lobelo, Felipe

; Hallal, Pedro C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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oct 2014, Volume 30 N. 10 Pages 2155 - 2168

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00085713 4199 downloads

Genetic polymorphisms in the glutamate-rich protein of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from a malaria-endemic area of Brazil
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Pratt-Riccio, Lilian Rose

; Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza

; Lima-Junior, Josue da Costa

; Theisen, Michael

; Santos, Fatima

; Daniel-Ribeiro, Claudio Tadeu

; Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli de

; Banic, Dalma Maria

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jun 2013, Volume 108 N. 4 Pages 523 - 528

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The genetic diversity displayed by Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly Plasmodium species, is a significant obstacle for effective malaria vaccine development. In this study, we identified genetic polymorphisms in P. falciparum glutamate-rich protein (GLURP), which is currently being tested in clinical trials as a malaria vaccine candidate, from isolates found circulating in the Brazilian Amazon at variable transmission levels. The study was performed using samples collected in 1993 and 2008 from rural villages situated near Porto Velho, in the state of Rondônia. DNA was extracted from 126 P. falciparum-positive thick blood smears using the phenol-chloroform method and subjected to a nested polymerase chain reaction protocol with specific primers against two immunodominant regions of GLURP, R0 and R2. Only one R0 fragment and four variants of the R2 fragment were detected. No differences were observed between the two time points with regard to the frequencies of the fragment variants. Mixed infections were uncommon. Our results demonstrate conservation of GLURP-R0 and limited polymorphic variation of GLURP-R2 in P. falciparum isolates from individuals living in Porto Velho. This is an important finding, as genetic polymorphisms in B and T-cell epitopes could have implications for the immunological properties of the antigen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762013000400022 2165 downloads

Comparing three body mass index classification systems to assess overweight and obesity in children and adolescents
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Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines

; Sarmiento, Olga L.

; Gazmararian, Julie A.

; Cunningham, Solveig A.

; Martorell, Reynaldo

; Pratt, Michael

; Stein, Aryeh D.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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may 2013, Volume 33 N. 5 Pages 349 - 355

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To compare the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) 2005, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000, and World Health Organization (WHO) 2007 body mass index (BMI) classification systems in terms of prevalence estimation and association with demographic factors. METHODS: The 18 265 children and adolescents ages 5 to 18 years (mean = 11.2 years, standard deviation = 3.9 years) in the nationally representative Colombian National Nutrition Survey of 2005 were classified as overweight or obese according to IOTF, CDC, and WHO criteria. Prevalence estimates were compared according to each system and associations with age, sex, socioeconomic status, and population density were tested. RESULTS: Prevalence estimates of combined overweight and obesity differed by system (males: IOTF = 8.5%, CDC = 10.8%, WHO = 14.1%; females: IOTF = 14.6%, CDC = 13.8%, WHO = 17.1%; P < 0.001). The association between combined overweight and obesity and age and sex varied by system. The odds of having overweight and obesity in children (5 to 10 years) compared with adolescents (11 to 18 years) were: IOTF, odds ratio (OR) = 0.87 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.77-0.98; CDC, OR = 1.27 and CI = 1.14-1.42; WHO, OR = 1.21 and CI = 1.08-1.35. The values for females compared with males were: IOTF, OR = 1.84 and CI = 1.6-2.10; CDC, OR = 1.33 and CI = 1.17-1.51; WHO, OR = 1.25 and CI = 1.12-1.41. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of consistency among the three main international systems in assessing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Appreciably different estimates of prevalence and associations with age and sex are obtained depending on which system is used. Future studies should assess how well each system reflects valid measures of body composition.

OBJETIVO: Comparar los sistemas de clasificación de los índices de masa corporal (IMC) del Grupo de Trabajo Internacional sobre la Obesidad (IOTF) de 2005, de los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC) de 2000, y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) de 2007, en cuanto a la estimación de la prevalencia y la asociación con factores demográficos. MÉTODOS: Los 18 265 niños y adolescentes de ambos sexos y de edades comprendidas entre 5 y 18 años (media = 11,2 años, desviación estándar = 3,9 años) que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia del 2005, representativa a escala nacional, fueron clasificados como afectados de sobrepeso u obesidad según los criterios del IOTF, los CDC y la OMS. Se compararon los cálculos de la prevalencia según cada sistema y se analizaron las asociaciones con la edad, el sexo, la situación socioeconómica y la densidad de población. RESULTADOS: Los cálculos de la prevalencia del sobrepeso y la obesidad combinados diferían según el sistema (varones: IOTF = 8,5%, CDC = 10,8%, OMS = 14,1%; mujeres: IOTF = 14,6%, CDC = 13,8%, OMS = 17,1%; P < 0,001). La asociación entre el sobrepeso y la obesidad combinados y la edad y el sexo también variaban según el sistema de clasificación. Las probabilidades de tener sobrepeso y obesidad en los niños (de 5 a 10 años) en comparación con los adolescentes (de 11 a 18 años) fueron: IOTF, razón de posibilidades (OR) = 0,87 e intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC) 0,77-0,98; CDC, OR = 1,27 e IC 1,14-1,42; OMS, OR = 1,21 e IC 1,08-1,35. Los valores observados en las mujeres en comparación con los varones fueron: IOTF, OR = 1,84 e IC 1,6-2,10; CDC, OR = 1,33 e IC 1,17-1,51; OMS, OR = 1,25 e IC 1,12-1,41. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una falta de uniformidad entre los tres principales sistemas internacionales en la evaluación del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes. Se obtienen cálculos apreciablemente diferentes de la prevalencia y de las asociaciones con la edad y el sexo según el sistema que se adopte. Los estudios futuros deben evaluar hasta qué punto cada sistema refleja adecuadamente mediciones válidas de la composición corporal.

10872 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

Antibodies against the Plasmodium falciparum glutamate-rich protein from naturally exposed individuals living in a Brazilian malaria-endemic area can inhibit in vitro parasite growth
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Pratt-Riccio, Lilian Rose

; Bianco-Junior, Cesare

; Totino, Paulo Renato Rivas

; Perce-Da-Silva, Daiana De Souza

; Silva, Luciene Aquino

; Riccio, Evelyn Kety Pratt

; Ennes-Vidal, Vítor

; Neves-Ferreira, Ana Gisele Costa

; Perales, Jonas

; Rocha, Surza Lucia Gonçalves Da

; Dias-Da-Silva, Fabrício

; Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima

; Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu

; Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli De

; Theisen, Michael

; Carvalho, Leonardo José De Moura

; Banic, Dalma Maria

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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aug 2011, Volume 106 Suppl. 1 Pages 34 - 43

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The glutamate-rich protein (GLURP) is an exoantigen expressed in all stages of the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle in humans. Anti-GLURP antibodies can inhibit parasite growth in the presence of monocytes via antibody-dependent cellular inhibition (ADCI), and a major parasite-inhibitory region has been found in the N-terminal R0 region of the protein. Herein, we describe the antiplasmodial activity of anti-GLURP antibodies present in the sera from individuals naturally exposed to malaria in a Brazilian malaria-endemic area. The anti-R0 antibodies showed a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of P. falciparum in vitro, both in the presence (ADCI) and absence (GI) of monocytes. The inhibitory effect on parasite growth was comparable to the effect of IgGs purified from pooled sera from hyperimmune African individuals. Interestingly, in the ADCI test, higher levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were observed in the supernatant from cultures with higher parasitemias. Our data suggest that the antibody response induced by GLURP-R0 in naturally exposed individuals may have an important role in controlling parasitemia because these antibodies are able to inhibit the in vitro growth of P. falciparum with or without the cooperation from monocytes. Our results also indicate that TNF-α may not be relevant for the inhibitory effect on P. falciparum in vitro growth.

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Status and promise of particle interferometry in heavy-ion collisions
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Bekele, Selemon

; Braghin, Fabio

; Chajecki, Zbigniew

; Chung, Paul

; Cramer, John G.

; Csörgo, Tamás

; Eggers, Hans

; Gavin, Sean

; Grassi, Frédérique

; Hama, Yogiro

; Kisiel, Adam

; Ko, Che-Ming

; Koide, Tomoi

; Krein, Gastão

; Lacey, Roy

; Lednicky, Richard

; Lisa, Michael A.

; Metzger, Wesley

; Miskowiec, Dariusz

; Morita, Kenji

; Padula, Sandra S.

; Pratt, Scott

; Qian, Wei-Liang

; Simak, Vladislav

; Sinyukov, Yuri

; Sumbera, Michal

; Tavares, Bernardo M.

; Verde, Giuseppe

; Zschiesche, Detlef

Brazilian Journal of Physics

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sep 2007, Volume 37 N. 3a Pages xxxi - xxxiv

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

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Carga de Mortalidad Asociada a la Inactividad Física en Bogotá
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Lobelo, Felipe

; Pate, Rusell

; Parra, Diana

; Duperly, John

; Pratt, Michael

Revista de Salud Pública

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nov 2006, Volume 8 Suppl. 2 Pages 28 - 41

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

La carga de mortalidad asociada a la inactividad física (IF) no ha sido estimada para los grandes centros urbanos de países en desarrollo. Objetivo Calcular la carga de mortalidad por seis enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) asociadas a la IF y estimar el número de muertes potencialmente prevenibles si se reduce la prevalencia de IF en la ciudad. Métodos La prevalencia de IF obtenida mediante encuestas poblacionales representativas se combinó con datos sobre la mortalidad en adultos mayores de 45 años durante el año 2002. La mortalidad por ECNT atribuible a la IF y la mortalidad prevenible asociada a reducciones del 30 % en la prevalencia de IF se estimaron mediante cálculos del riesgo atribuible poblacional (RAP). Resultados Una prevalencia de exposición a la IF del 53,2 % se asoció con un RAP de 19,3 % para enfermedad coronaria, 24,2 % para accidentes cerebro vasculares, 13,8 % para hipertensión, 21 % para Diabetes Mellitus, 17,9 % para cáncer de colon y 14,2 % para cáncer de seno. Un 7,6 % de la mortalidad total y un 20,1 % de la mortalidad por ECNT pueden ser atribuibles a la IF. Un 5 % de la mortalidad por ECNT podría evitarse si la prevalencia de IF se reduce en un 30 %. Conclusiones Una proporción considerable de la mortalidad ocasionada por las ECNT más frecuentes puede atribuirse a los efectos de la IF. Estrategias para la disminución de la IF pueden conllevar a reducciones progresivas de la carga de mortalidad por ECNT en la ciudad.

Estimates of the burden of mortality associated to physical inactivity (PI) have not been quantified for large urban centers located in developing countries. Objectives To estimate the burden of mortality due to six chronic diseases (CDZ) associated to PI and the number of potentially preventable deaths associated to reductions in the prevalence of PI. Methods PI exposure prevalence obtained via population surveys was linked to mortality data registered during 2002 among adult (> 45 y) Bogotá residents. The strength of association between PI and disease-specific mortality was obtained from the literature. Population attributable risk (PAR) was used to calculate the CDZ mortality attributable to PI and to estimate the number of potentially preventable deaths associated to a 30 % reduction in the prevalence of PI. Results A 53,2 % PI exposure prevalence was associated to a PAR of 19,3 % for coronary artery disease, 24,2 % for stroke, 13,8 % for arterial hypertension, 21 % for Diabetes Mellitus, 17,9 % for colon cancer and 14,2 % for breast cancer. An estimated 7,6 % of all-cause mortality and 20,1 % of CDZ mortality could be attributed to PI. An estimated 5% of the CDZ mortality could be prevented if PI prevalence is reduced by 30 %. Conclusion Conservative estimates indicate that a considerable proportion of deaths due to highly prevalent CDZ could be attributed to PI. Strategies to reduce the prevalence of PI in Bogotá could lead to progressive reductions in the burden of CDZ mortality.

1873 downloads Cited 9 times in SciELO

Carga de mortalidad asociada a la inactividad física en Bogotá
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Lobelo, Felipe

; Pate, Rusell

; Parra, Diana

; Duperly, John

; Pratt, Michael

Revista de Salud Pública

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nov 2006, Volume 8 Suppl. 2 Pages 28 - 41

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

5979 downloads Cited 9 times in SciELO

10.

Modelo hierárquico multivariado da inatividade física em crianças de escolas públicas
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Bracco, Mario M.

; Colugnati, Fernando A. B.

; Pratt, Michael

; Taddei, José A. A. C.

Jornal de Pediatria

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aug 2006, Volume 82 N. 4 Pages 302 - 307

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores biológicos e sociodemográficos atribuíveis à inatividade física em crianças de escolas públicas. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas, através de questionário auto-relatado pelos pais, 2.519 crianças (49,3% meninas), de 7 a 10 anos (média = 7,6±0,9 anos), de oito escolas públicas da cidade de São Paulo. Aplicamos a análise de correspondência múltipla para identificar grupos de respostas relacionadas com padrões de atividade e inatividade física e a geração de uma escala ótima. A análise de agrupamento identificou os grupos de crianças ativas e inativas. A análise de curva ROC (receiver operator characteristic), para o estudo das propriedades diagnósticas de uma escala simplificada de inatividade física derivada da escala ótima, mostrou o ponto de corte = 3 como o de melhor sensibilidade e especificidade, sendo utilizado como a variável de resposta no modelo de regressão. Um modelo hierárquico multivariado foi construído, assumindo variáveis categóricas como distais e proximais, adotando-se p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: A inatividade física foi positivamente associada aos fatores determinantes biológicos como sobrepeso, idade maior do que 7,5 anos, sexo feminino e bom apetite, e aos determinantes socioeconômicos como freqüência de coleta de lixo menor do que duas vezes por semana e mães que trabalham fora de casa. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados são coerentes com os dados publicados sobre fatores determinantes de atividade e inatividade física na infância, indicando que questionários respondidos pelos pais, submetidos a uma análise estatística sofisticada, podem ser viáveis em estudos populacionais envolvendo crianças menores de 10 anos.

OBJECTIVE: To identify biological and sociodemographic factors associated with physical inactivity in public school children. METHODS: Parents of 2,519 children (49.3% of whom were girls), aged 7 to 10 years (mean = 7.6±0.9 years), from eight public schools in São Paulo, Brazil, completed a self-administered questionnaire. We used multiple correspondence analysis to identify groups of responses related to levels of physical activity and inactivity and to obtain an optimal scale. The cluster analysis identified groups of active and inactive children. The analysis of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, for the study of diagnostic properties of a simplified scale for physical inactivity derived from the optimal scale, revealed that a cutoff point of 3 had the best sensitivity and specificity, being therefore used as outcome variable in the regression model. A multivariate hierarchical model was built, including distal and proximal categorical variables, with a p < 0.05. RESULTS: Physical inactivity was positively associated with biological factors such as being overweight, being older than 7.5 years, being a female, and having a good appetite, and with socioeconomic factors such as having garbage collected less than twice a week and having mothers who work outside the home. CONCLUSION: The results are consistent with published data about determinant factors of physical activity and inactivity among children, showing that questionnaires answered by parents and submitted to a sophisticated statistical analysis can be used in population-based studies involving children younger than 10 years old.

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