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PATELLAR FRACTURE IN ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION: IN VITRO ANALYSIS
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FERRER, MARCELO DE ALMEIDA

; LOBO, MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA

; ALMEIDA, LAÍS MARIA PINTO

; FREITAS, ANDERSON

; MACEDO NETO, SÍLVIO LEITE DE

; PAIVA, LEONARDO MORAIS

; BATTAGLION, LEONARDO RIGOBELLO

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 31 N. 2 elocation e259557

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine, by biomechanical analysis, safe patellar cut limits in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction that minimize fracture risks. Methods: From three-dimensional reconstruction, triangular cuts were made in the patella, with a depth of 6.5 mm and variable width and length (10 to 20 mm and 8 to 12 mm, respectively, both with an interval of 1 mm). The combinations of cuts constituted 55 models for tests, with five variations in width and 11 variations in length, tested with the finite element method (FEM). Results: The mean of the localized principal maximum (traction force) values was 4.36 Pa (SD 0.87 ± 0.76) and the localized principal minimum (compression force) was −4.33 Pa (SD 1.05 ± 1.11). Comparing width and length to the tension force of the values of the main maximum, we found statistical significance from 11 mm for width and 13 mm for length. Conclusion: In ACL reconstruction, the removal of the patellar bone fragment is safe for fragments smaller than 11 mm in width and 13 mm in length, which corresponds to 24% of the width and 28% of the length of the patella used. Level of Evidence II, Comparative Prospective Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar, por meio de análise biomecânica, os limites de corte patelar seguros para a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) e que minimizem riscos de fratura. Métodos: A partir de reconstrução tridimensional, foram feitos cortes triangulares na patela, com profundidade de 6,5 mm e largura e comprimento variáveis (8 a 12 mm e 10 a 20 mm), respectivamente, com intervalo de 1 mm). As combinações dos cortes constituíram 55 modelos para ensaios, com 5 variações de largura e 11 variações de comprimento, ensaiados por meio do método dos elementos finitos (MEF). Resultados: A média dos valores da máxima principal localizada (força de tração) foi de 4,36 Pa (DP 0,87 ± 0,76), e a mínima principal localizada (força de compressão) foi de −4,33 Pa (DP 1,05 ± 1,11). Comparando largura e comprimento à força de tensões dos valores da máxima principal, houve significância estatística a partir de 11 mm para largura e 13 mm para comprimento. Conclusão: Na reconstrução do LCA, a retirada do fragmento ósseo patelar mostrou-se segura para fragmentos menores que 11 mm de largura e 13 mm de comprimento, o que corresponde a 24% da largura e 28% do comprimento da patela utilizada. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Prospectivo Comparativo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220233102e259557

Construction and validation of a clinical simulation scenario on umbilical cord stump care
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Pinto, Ingrid Rosane

; Silva, Jéssica Aparecida da

; Ruiz, Mariana Torreglosa

; Manzan, Letícia Oliveira

; Barboza, Fábio Renato

; Oliveira, Jacqueline Faria de

; Oliveira, Karoline Faria de

; Fonseca, Luciana Mara Monti

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 43 elocation e20210245

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar cenário de simulação clínica para ensino de puérperas e familiares sobre cuidados com o coto umbilical do recém-nascido. Método: Estudo metodológico em duas fases: 1 - construção de checklist do procedimento de higienização do coto umbilical, elaboração e validação semântica do caso clínico com 11 experts em simulação e área materno-infantil; 2 - desenvolvimento e validação do cenário junto a 11 experts em simulação e em neonatologia/pediatria. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,8 foi adotado como relevante alcance de concordância. Resultados: Após construção do caso, realizou-se validação, aprovada por 100% dos experts. Todos itens do cenário simulado obtiveram escores de concordância superiores a 0,91. Conclusão: O cenário validado pode ser utilizado em diferentes contextos: ensino da Enfermagem Neonatal, capacitação de equipes e, aprendizagem de puérperas e familiares, alvos do estudo. Vistos benefícios da simulação, acredita-se na sua contribuição para melhoria assistencial e cuidado seguro.

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate clinical simulation scenario for teaching women in their puerperium and their families about care for the newborn's umbilical cord stump. Method: Methodological study in two stages: 1 - elaboration of the checklist of the procedure for cleaning the umbilical cord and of the clinical case; and 2 - development of the simulated scenario. A Content Validity Index of 0.8 was adopted as the valid range of agreement. Results: After validation, the case was validated, being approved by 100% of the experts. All items of the simulation scenario obtained agreement scores above 0.91. Conclusion: The validated scenario can be used in different contexts: teaching of Neonate Nursing, training teams, and teaching women in their puerperium and their families, who were the target of the study. Considering the benefits of simulation, we believe the simulation here will contribute to better and safer care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar un escenario de simulación clínica para enseñar a las puérperas y sus familias sobre cuidado con el cordón umbilical del recién nacido. Método: Estudio metodológico en dos fases: 1 - construcción de un checklist para el procedimiento de limpieza del muñón del cordón umbilical y elaboración del caso; 2 - desarrollo del escenario simulado. Se adoptó un Índice de Validez de Contenido del 0,8 o mayor como relevante para concordancia. Resultados: Luego de la construcción del caso, la validación fue aprobada por el 100% de los expertos. Todos los ítems del escenario de simulación obtuvieron puntajes de concordancia superiores a 0.91. Conclusión: El escenario validado puede ser utilizado en diferentes contextos: enseñanza de Enfermería Neonatal, entrenamiento de equipos, o aprendizaje de las puérperas y sus familias, que fue el objetivo del estudio. Considerando los beneficios de la simulación, creemos en su contribución para una atención mejor y más segura.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210245.en

Clinical Characteristics and Mid-Term follow-up of Elderly Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis not Eligible for TAVI
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Rezende, Mariana Oliveira

; Santos, Natasha Soares Simões dos

; Andrade, Alexandre Aguiar

; Francischini, Mônica Serrano

; Targino, Decarthon Vitor Dantas

; Souza, Caio Simoes

; Maldi, Carolina de Paulo

; Siqueira, Dimytri Alexandre Alvim de

; Bihan, David Costa de Souza Le

; Pinto, Ibraim

; Ramos, Auristela Isabel de Oliveira

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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nov 2021, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 34 - 40

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: The treatment for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) is the correction of valve stenosis by surgical valve replacement and more recently by transcatheter aortic valve implant (TAVI). However, in some high risk surgical patients, TAVI is not possible for technical or clinical reasons or due to the unavailability of the endoprosthesis. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate a mid-term follow-up of symptomatic severe AS patients who are not eligible for TAVI trials, as well as to identify the clinical features of these patients. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study conducted with 475 symptomatic severe AS patients, evaluated by the Heart Team between 2000 and 2017. Inclusion criterias were: patients considered not to be eligible for TAVI. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to evaluate normality. Non-paired t and Mann-Whitney tests were applied for continuous variables, while the chi-squared and Fischer exact tests were applied for categorical variables, with a level of significance of p<0,05. Results: The heart team evaluated 475 patients: 25 (5.26%) died before any intervention could be proposed; 326 (68.3%) were submitted to TAVI, so the study population consisted of 124 patients not eligible for TAVI. Of these, 31 (25%) underwent surgery and 93 (75%) remained in clinical treatment. In a mean 56 months- follow-up the mortality in clinical group was 46.2%. In the surgical group the mortality was 23.9% (in-hospital 12.9% and late mortality 11% in a mean 47.4 months follow-up). The patients that died presented a significantly lower left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), a smaller valve area, and a larger end-systolic diameter of the LV. Conclusion: The mortality of the clinical group's patients was significantly higher than the surgical mortality (46.2% vs. 12.9%; p=0.021). The patients of the clinical group were older, weighed less, and had a higher incidence of renal failure and a higher STS score.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20200177 87 downloads

Reliability of the handheld dynamometer in the evaluation of the muscle strength of trunk extensors in healthy adults
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Barros, Mariana do Carmo Pinto Oliveira

; Clemente, Nathália Passos

; Rezende, Fábio de Lima

; Cardoso, Thaís Brasil

; Thomaz, Sérgio Ricardo

; Garcia, Patrícia Azevedo

; Ribeiro, Alexandre Lima de Araújo

; Martins, Wagner Rodrigues

Motricidade

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sep 2021, Volume 17 N. 3 Pages 235 - 241

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The muscular performance of the lumbar spine is frequently assessed in studies that compare populations with and without low back pain. However, the gold standard equipment used to evaluate the strength of these muscles has a high cost. Therefore, rarely used in the clinical practice of health professionals, being the handheld dynamometer an accessible alternative for use in clinical practice. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the reliability of the handheld dynamometer in the measurement of maximum voluntary isometric contraction of trunk extensors in healthy adults. Twenty-six healthy adults of both sexes (21.53± 1.88 years old) performed the test and retest with a 1-week interval. The comparison between test-retest demonstrated high and very high intraclass correlation coefficient for peak strength (0.82; 0.60 to 0.92) and mean strength (0.90; 0.76 to 0.95), respectively. Also, the Bland-Altman analyses indicate an error of 5.10 kg for peak strength and 5.7 kg for mean strength. In addition, the minimum detectable change for peak strength was 6.03kg (16.18%) and 5.92 kg for mean strength (20.95%). In conclusion, the test presents high reliability for the extensor muscles of the trunk in healthy adults. Therefore, the use of the handheld dynamometer can be indicated for clinical practice.

https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.20784 62 downloads

Pasta autonivelante de gesso para utilização como camada de contrapiso
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Silva, Daniel Bruno Pinto da

; Pontes, Izabelle de Oliveira Cardoso

; Rodrigues, Mariana Tavares Jorge

; Lima, Nathan Bezerra de

; Póvoas, Yêda Vieira

Ambiente Construído

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apr 2021, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 311 - 329

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O contrapiso é uma camada do sistema de piso cuja função é regularizar, dar caimento e absorver deformações. Comumente, é executado com uma argamassa seca à base de cimento que apresenta uma baixa produtividade. O emprego de um material autonivelante à base de gesso permite um endurecimento mais rápido, menor custo e lisura da superfície com obtenção de menores espessuras. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver pastas de gesso autonivelantes (GSL), apenas com gesso beta como aglomerante e avaliar a influência do aditivo superplastificante à base de policarboxilato (PCE). As relações água/gesso (a/g) de 0,35; 0,40; 0,45; 0,475; 0,50 e 0,55 foram empregadas e o teor de PCE foi ajustado para a fluidez adequada. As pastas foram caracterizadas no estado fresco quanto aos tempos de pega, espraiamento e calor de hidratação. No estado endurecido quanto a resistência à compressão, à tração na flexão, dureza superficial e MEV. As pastas de GSL foram obtidas com relação a/g de 0,45 e 0,475, contendo 3,5% e 2,0% de PCE, respectivamente. O PCE aumentou os tempos de pega, modificou a estrutura cristalina do hemi-hidrato e reduziu o intertravamento dos cristais com a consequente diminuição das propriedades mecânicas.

Abstract The subfloor is a layer of the floor system designed to smooth, leveland absorb deformations. Conventionally, subfloorsare made of a low-productivity dry cement-based mortar. The use of a self-levelling gypsum-based material allows faster curing, lower cost, and smoothness of the surface, as well asa lower thickness. This researchstudy aimed to develop self-levelling gypsum pastes (GSL), with only beta gypsum as a binder, as well as to evaluate the influence of the superplasticizer additive based on polycarboxylate (PCE). A dosage study was carried out on pastes containing a water-to-gypsum ratio of 0.35; 0.40; 0.45; 0.475; 0.50, and 0.55 along with the superplasticizer additive content adjusted for self-levelling spreading. The pastes were characterized in the fresh state as to the setting times, spreading and heat of hydration time. In the hardened state for resistance to compression, traction in flexion, surface hardness and SEM. GSL pastes were obtained with a water-to-plaster ratio of 0.45 and 0.475, containing 3.5 and 2.0% PCE, respectively. The PCE increased the setting times, modified the crystalline structure of the hemihydrate, and reduced the interlocking of the crystals with the consequent decrease in the mechanical properties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212021000200528 551 downloads

SÍNTESE DE NOVOS 1,2,3-TRIAZÓIS INSPIRADOS NO SRPIN340 E AVALIAÇÃO DE SEUS EFEITOS EM LINHAGEM CELULAR DE GLIOBLASTOMA HUMANO
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Sousa, Sara Maria Ribeiro de

; Teixeira, Róbson Ricardo

; Costa, Adilson Vidal

; Aguiar, Alex Ramos de

; Fonseca, Victor da Rocha

; Lacerda Jr., Valdemar

; Romão, Wanderson

; Oliveira, Laser Antônio Machado

; Ribeiro, Iára Mariana Lellis

; Nogueira, Katiane de Oliveira Pinto Coelho

; Nascimento, Claudia Jorge do

; Junker, Jochen

Química Nova

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2021, Volume 44 N. 10 Pages 1268 - 1279

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

It is herein described the synthesis of a series of thirty novel 1,2,3-triazole-1,4 disubstituted compounds inspired on the known SRPKs inhibitor N-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)isonicotinamide (SRPIN340) and biological evaluation of them against human glioblastoma multiforme cell line U87MG. Starting with 1-fluoro-2 nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (1), the substances were prepared via a five-step synthetic route. The crucial step corresponded to the copper-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between trifluoromethyl phenyl azides and different alkynes. In general, the compounds were obtained with good yields and they were characterized utilizing spectroscopic (IR and NMR) and spectrometric (HRMS) techniques. The evaluation of the synthesized compounds at three different treatment time (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) and concentrations (50, 100, and 150 µmol L-1) revealed that five derivatives were capable of reducing cell viability by 50% after 72 h of treatment at the highest concentration. On the contrary, three derivatives significantly increased cell viability being this effect more pronounced after 48 h of treatment. In this regard, it stands out the compound 2-((1-(2-morpholino-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (7) which increased cell viability in approximately 300% after 48 h of treatment at 100 µmol L-1. The substances that increased cell viaiblity present as common structural features the presence of a saturated nitrogen-containing six-membered ring and carbonylated fragments.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170793

Implications of iodine deficiency by gestational trimester: a systematic review
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Candido, Aline Carare

; Azevedo, Francilene Maria

; Machamba, Almeida Abudo Leite

; Pinto, Carina Aparecida

; Lopes, Sílvia Oliveira

; Macedo, Mariana de Souza

; Ribeiro, Sarah Aparecida Vieira

; Priore, Silvia Eloiza

; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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oct 2020, Volume 64 N. 5 Pages 507 - 513

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT As pregnant women are susceptible to changes in iodine, which can cause miscarriage, goiter, thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, in addition to fetal neurological impairment or development. The aim of this study was to verify the implications of the iodine alteration in each gestational trimester and its consequences of physiological justification. The review was based on PRISMA. Searching for articles that took place in March 2020 without delimiting data. As bases consulted were the Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, Lilacs and Medline (PubMed). The descriptors were combined as follows: "pregnancy" AND "iodine deficiency". Articles that addressed iodine deficiency and its implications were included. The selection followed the steps of reading the titles, abstracts and full articles. To assess the methodological quality of the studies, the STROBE Instruction instrument was used. The research resulted in 1,266 studies and 11 were included. In assessing methodological quality, the lowest score was and the maximum 20. According to studies, the fourth most affected by iodine loss are the second and third, it is possible to increase the volume and pneumatic nodules, subclinical hypothyroidism, pre-eclampsia, among others. The damages caused by iodine deficiency in the first or second trimester are still reversible, therefore, they need to be diagnosed early, to guarantee an iodic homeostasis and prevent damage to the health of the mother-child binomial.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000289 943 downloads

Neuroprotective Effect of Isobenzofuranones on Hydrogen Peroxide-Mediated Redox Imbalance in Primary Cultures of Hippocampal Neurons
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Ribeiro, Iára Mariana Léllis

; Pereira, Wagner Luiz

; Nogueira, Leonardo Brandão

; Oliveira, Laser Antônio Machado

; Teixeira, Róbson Ricardo

; Nogueira, Katiane de Oliveira Pinto Coelho

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2020, Volume 63 elocation e20190072

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In live organisms, there is a balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their neutralization. The increased level of these species leads to a condition called redox imbalance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective action of isobenzofuranones in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons subjected to redox imbalance. To accomplish this, MTT and LIVE/DEAD assays were initially performed. In the cultures pretreated with isobenzofuranones 1 and 2, there was a higher number of live cells when compared to that in the untreated ones. Regarding redox imbalance, there was a significant increase in the intracellular levels of ROS. The cultures pretreated with isobenzofuranones showed a reduction in ROS levels. Lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative damage was significantly reduced in the cultures pretreated with isobenzofuranones 1 and 2. Taken together, these data show the ability of isobenzofuranones 1 and 2 to significantly minimize cytotoxicity, cell death, intracellular levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation induced by redox imbalance. These results suggest that isobenzofuranones 1 and 2 represent a possible alternative therapy for the neurodegenerative disturbances that are triggered by ROS production increases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2020190072 648 downloads

Increasing Demand for Chest CT Due to COVID-19 in Brazil
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Vicente, Creuza Rachel

; Sant'Ana, Mariana Coelho Silva

; Reis, Aline Pinto

; Costa, Carla Fanchiotti

; Cerutti Junior, Crispim

; Lanes, Caio Martins

; Diniz, Geyzzara Oliveira Ferreira

; Louro, Iuri Drumond

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200608

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0608-2020 555 downloads

10.

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Adults
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Barban, Juliana Bernardo

; Simões, Belinda Pinto

; Moraes, Bruna Del Guerra de Carvalho

; Anunciação, Cássia Rehem da

; Rocha, Cristiane Santos da

; Pintor, Daniela Cristina Querino

; Guerra, Daiane Cristina

; Silva, Deise Andrade

; Brandão, Edith de Castro Martins

; Kerbauy, Fábio

; Pires, Fernanda Ramos de Oliveira

; Morais, Graciele Lima

; Schmidt Filho, Jayr

; Sicchieri, Juliana Maria Faccioli

; Barroso, Karine Sampaio Nunes

; Viana, Luciana Verçoza

; Rocha, Mariana Hollanda Martins da

; Guimarães, Maysa Penteado

; Lazzari, Natalia Leonetti Couto

; Hamerschlak, Nelson

; Ramos, Patricia

; Gomes, Plinio Nascimento

; Mendonça, Priscila da Silva

; Oliveira, Raquel Candido de

; Scomparim, Renata Corrêa

; Chiattone, Ricardo

; Diez-Garcia, Rosa Wanda

; Cardenas, Thaís de Campos

; Miola, Thais Manfrinato

; Costa, Thalita Cristina de Mello

; Rocha, Vanderson

; Pereira, Andrea Z

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volume 18 elocation AE4530

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O estado nutricional do paciente submetido ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas é considerado fator de risco independente, podendo influenciar na qualidade de vida e na tolerância ao tratamento proposto. O comprometimento do estado nutricional durante o transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas ocorre principalmente devido aos efeitos adversos decorrentes do condicionamento ao qual o paciente é submetido. Desta forma, a adequada avaliação nutricional e o acompanhamento durante o transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas tornam-se imprescindíveis. Com o objetivo de salientar a importância do estado nutricional e da composição corporal durante o tratamento, bem como as principais características relacionadas à avaliação nutricional do paciente, o Consenso Brasileiro de Nutrição em Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoiéticas: Adulto foi elaborado visando uniformizar e atualizar a Terapia Nutricional nesta área. Com a participação de nutricionistas, nutrólogos e hematologistas de 15 centros brasileiros referências em transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas

ABSTRACT The nutritional status of patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplant is considered an independent risk factor, which may influence on quality of life and tolerance to the proposed treatment. The impairment of nutritional status during hematopoietic stem cell transplant occurs mainly due to the adverse effects resulting from conditioning to which the patient is subjected. Therefore, adequate nutritional evaluation and follow-up during hematopoietic stem cell transplant are essential. To emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well as the main characteristics related to the nutritional assessment of the patient, the Brazilian Consensus on Nutrition in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Adults was prepared, aiming to standardize and update Nutritional Therapy in this area. Dietitians, nutrition physicians and hematologists from 15 Brazilian centers thar are references in hematopoietic stem cell transplant took part.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ae4530 3888 downloads

11.

Composition in fatty acids of mature milk of nursing mothers
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Freitas, Ronilson Ferreira

; Macedo, Mariana de Souza

; Lessa, Angelina do Carmo

; Ferraz, Vany Perpétua

; Soares, Nayanne Oliveira

; Martins, Brenda Evellyn Veríssimo

; Pinto, Nísia Andrade Villela Dessimoni

; Teixeira, Romero Alves

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil

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dec 2019, Volume 19 N. 4 Pages 817 - 825

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: determinar a composição em ácidos graxos do leite maduro de nutrizes e sua distribuição segundo algumas variáveis maternas. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional, transversal realizado a partir da avaliação do perfil de ácidos graxos do leite humano maduro. Amostras de leite materno maduro foram obtidas de 106 nutrizes, a partir da 5ª semana pós-parto, por meio de ordenha manual. A extração da gordura do leite foi realizada através do método de Bligh e Dyer, e metiladas com metóxido de sódio 0,25 mol/L em metanol dietil - éter. O perfil de ácidos graxos do leite foi determinado por um Cromatógrafo a Gás equipado com detector por ionização de chamas. Resultados: dentre os ácidos graxos saturados, foram observados valores mais elevados para os ácidos graxos palmítico (C16:0), esteárico (C18:0), mirístico (C14:0) e láurico (C12:0), respectivamente. Entre os ácidos graxos mono-insaturados, verificou-se maior contribuição dos ácidos graxos oleico (C18:1) e palmitoleico (C16:1), respectivamente. O total de ácidos graxos essenciais (linoleico e α- linolênico) foi de 14,94%. Conclusões: foi observado baixo teor de ácidos graxos essenciais no leite materno das nutrizes do presente estudo, que são importantes para o crescimento e desenvolvimento do lactente, sugerindo-se a necessidade de implementação de estratégias de educação nutricional direcionadas a gestantes e nutrizes que devem ser orientadas a consumir alimentos mais saudáveis.

Abstract Objectives: to determine the fatty acid composition of mature milk of nursing mothers and its distribution according to some maternal variables. Methods: this is a cross-sectional observational epidemiological study based on the eva-luation of the fatty acid profile of mature human milk. Samples of mature breast milk were taken from 106 nursing mothers, by manual milking and who were after the 5th postpartum week. The milk fat extraction was carried out by using the Bligh and Dyer method and methy-lated with 0.25 mol/L sodium methoxide in methanol diethyl ether. The fatty acid of the milk profile was determined by a Gas Chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Results: among the saturated fatty acids, the highest values were observed for palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), myristic (C14:0) and lauric (C12:0) fatty acids, respectively. Among the monounsaturated fatty acids, there was a higher contribution of oleic (C18:1) and palmi-toleic (C16:1) fatty acids, respectively. The total essential fatty acids (linoleic and α-linolenic) was 14.94%. Conclusions: a low content of essential fatty acids in the breast milk of the nursing mothers was observed in the present study, which are important for infant growth and deve-lopment. We suggest the need to implement nutrition education strategies aimed for pregnant women and nursing mothers who should be advised to eat healthier foods.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000400005 2507 downloads

12.

Update on the approach to smoking in patients with respiratory diseases
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Sales, Maria Penha Uchoa

; Araújo, Alberto José de

; Chatkin, José Miguel

; Godoy, Irma de

; Pereira, Luiz Fernando Ferreira

; Castellano, Maria Vera Cruz de Oliveira

; Tanni, Suzana Erico

; Almeida, Adriana Ávila de

; Chatkin, Gustavo

; Silva, Luiz Carlos Côrrea da

; Gonçalves, Cristina Maria Cantarino

; Botelho, Clóvis

; Santos, Ubiratan Paula

; Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis

; Sestelo, Maristela Rodrigues

; Meireles, Ricardo Henrique Sampaio

; Correa, Paulo César Rodrigues Pinto

; Oliveira, Maria Eunice Moraes de

; Reichert, Jonatas

; Lima, Mariana Silva

; Silva, Celso Antonio Rodrigues da

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2019, Volume 45 N. 3 elocation e20180314

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O tabagismo é o maior responsável pelas doenças respiratórias (DR). Os efeitos nocivos do tabaco sobre o aparelho respiratório se iniciam ainda intraútero e influenciam as respostas imunológicas ao longo da infância e vida adulta. Os tabagistas com DR possuem peculiaridades que podem dificultar a cessação tabágica, tais como maior grau de dependência e de abstinência de nicotina; níveis mais elevados de monóxido de carbono exalado; motivação e autoeficácia baixas; maior preocupação com ganho ponderal; e elevada prevalência de ansiedade e depressão. Além disso, requerem tratamento mais intensivo e prolongado. É necessário esclarecer sempre o paciente sobre o fato de que parar de fumar será a única medida que irá reduzir a progressão das DR e melhorar sua qualidade de vida, independentemente do tempo e da gravidade da doença. Os médicos devem sempre oferecer o tratamento de cessação tabágica. O tratamento ambulatorial ou hospitalar deve ser multidisciplinar, baseado em intervenções comportamentais e farmacoterapia, sendo eficaz e custo-efetivo, dobrando as chances de sucesso.

ABSTRACT Smoking is the leading cause of respiratory disease (RD). The harmful effects of smoking on the respiratory system begin in utero and influence immune responses throughout childhood and adult life. In comparison with “healthy” smokers, smokers with RD have peculiarities that can impede smoking cessation, such as a higher level of nicotine dependence; nicotine withdrawal; higher levels of exhaled carbon monoxide; low motivation and low self-efficacy; greater concern about weight gain; and a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. In addition, they require more intensive, prolonged treatment. It is always necessary to educate such individuals about the fact that quitting smoking is the only measure that will reduce the progression of RD and improve their quality of life, regardless of the duration and severity of the disease. Physicians should always offer smoking cessation treatment. Outpatient or inpatient smoking cessation treatment should be multidisciplinary, based on behavioral interventions and pharmacotherapy. It will thus be more effective and cost-effective, doubling the chances of success.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-3713/e20180314 5849 downloads

13.

Modelo didático do género exposição escrita: identificação e avaliação dos resultados da sua implementação na qualidade dos textos que os alunos produzem
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Pinto, Mariana Oliveira

DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada

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dec 2018, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 1213 - 1241

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste texto são apresentados alguns resultados de um estudo no qual procurámos analisar e perceber de que modo as práticas de escrita que os professores implementam influenciam a qualidade dos textos que os alunos produzem. Para tal, definimos um objetivo geral: avaliar se um dispositivo didático, o Modelo Didático do Género (MDG), implementado de forma explícita e intencional, pode refletir-se, e a que níveis, na qualidade dos textos que os alunos produzem. O estudo foi realizado no contexto de um programa de formação e envolveu 14 professores dos três ciclos do ensino básico. Os resultados apresentados neste artigo procuram evidenciar as características dos textos produzidos pelos alunos do 4º. ano, antes e depois da implementação do MDG.

ABSTRACT In this text, partial results from a study will be presented. Said study aimed to analyse and understand how the writing practices implemented by teachers would impact the quality of students’ produced texts. In order to meet the stated issue, a general goal was set: to assess whether a didactic device, the Genre Didactic Model (GDM), implemented in an explicit and intentional way by teachers, could be reflected, and to what extent, on the quality of the students’ produced texts. The study was conducted as part of a training program for the teaching written genres in schools and it involved 14 teachers from the three cycles of compulsory education (in Portugal, basically K1-K9). The results here presented aim to highlight the characteristics of fourth grade students’ production of a written exposition before and after the implementing of the GDM.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-445010479593676613 4814 downloads

14.

Structural characteristics, nutritional value of Tifton 85 grass under nitrogen doses at different ages of regrowth in the semiarid
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Andrade, Weudes Rodrigues

; Sales, Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de

; Rigueira, João Paulo Sampaio

; Gomes, Virgílio Mesquita

; Rufino, Leidy Darmony

; Pires, Daniel Ananias de Assis

; Moura, Marielly Maria de Almeida

; David, Gabriel Santos Souza

; Silva, Maria Catiane Araújo

; Jesus, Mariana Oliveira de

; Barroso, Alisson Junior Moura Alves

; Chamoné, Julieta Maria de Alencar

; Monção, Flávio Pinto

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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dec 2018, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 21 - 30

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se por meio deste estudo avaliar as características estruturais, produtivas e o valor nutritivo do capim-Tifton 85 adubado com duas doses de nitrogênio em quatro idades de rebrota. Foi utilizado delineamento em blocos casualizados seguindo esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com 4 idades de rebrota (28, 35, 42 e 49 dias) e duas doses de nitrogênio (100 e 300 kg ha-1) com seis repetições, totalizando 48 unidades experimentais de 25 m² (5x5m) cada. O critério de blocagem foi à variação na área experimental. A produção de matéria seca incrementou linearmente, em média 56.4%, à medida que avançou a idade de rebrota de 28 para 49 dias (P<0,01). Entre as doses de N, houve aumento de 17.2% na produção de matéria seca quando adubado com 300 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio. A altura das plantas (P<0,01), assim como o número de folhas vivas (P<0,01), número de folhas expandidas (P<0,01) e o comprimento final da folha (P<0,01) aumentaram linearmente com o avanço da idade corte. A adubação do capim Tifton 85 com 100 kg ha-1 de N, manejado a cada 35 dias melhora a produção de matéria seca, características estruturais e valor nutricional da forragem para corte e/ou pastejo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the structural, productive and nutritional value of Tifton 85 grass fertilized with two nitrogen doses at four regrowth ages. The experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial 4 x 2, with four regrowth ages (28, 35, 42 and 49 days) and two levels of nitrogen (100 and 300 kg ha-1) in six replicates, totaling 48 experimental units, of 25 m² (5x5m) each. The blocking criterion was the variation in the experimental area. Dry matter production increased linearly, on average 56.4%, as the regrowth age increased from 28 to 49 days (P<0.01). Among the N rates, there was a 17.2% increase in dry matter yield when fertilized with 300 kg / ha of nitrogen. The height of the plants (P <0.01), as well as the number of live leaves (P <0.01), number of expanded leaves (P <0.01) and the final leaf length (P <0.01) increased linearly with the advancement of cut age. Fertilization of Tifton 85 grass with 100 kg ha-1 of N, managed every 35 days improves the dry matter production, structural characteristics and nutritional value of forage for cutting and / or grazing.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA17293 444 downloads

15.

Tendências de situações de violência vivenciadas por adolescentes brasileiros: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2009, 2012 e 2015
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Pinto, Isabella Vitral

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Campos, Maryane Oliveira

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Souto, Rayone Moreira Costa Veloso

; Freitas, Mariana Gonçalves de

; Lima, Cheila Marina de

; Andreazzi, Marco Antonio Ratzsch de

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2018, Volume 21 Suppl. 1 elocation e180014

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivo: Apresentar as tendências encontradas nas três últimas edições da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) sobre situações de violência vivenciadas por escolares brasileiros. Metodologia: Estudo de séries temporais com recorte para as capitais brasileiras, utilizando as bases de dados da PeNSE de 2009, 2012 e 2015. Os indicadores avaliados foram: faltar às aulas por insegurança no trajeto casa-escola ou na escola; envolvimento em briga com arma de fogo ou arma branca; e agressão por adulto da família. Foram estimadas as prevalências dos indicadores para o total dos adolescentes, por sexo, tipo de escola e capitais. As tendências das prevalências foram estimadas por meio de regressão linear, ajustadas por idade. Resultados: Identificou-se tendência de aumento das prevalências, com significância estatística, para todos os indicadores de violência selecionados no período de 2009 a 2015, nas capitais brasileiras. Discussão: Os grupos mais vulneráveis foram escolares das escolas públicas; adolescentes do sexo masculino no caso do envolvimento em brigas com arma branca ou de fogo; e adolescentes do sexo feminino no caso de agressão física por familiar. Conclusão: A PeNSE contribuiu para identificar o aumento das prevalências de violências vividas pelos adolescentes, o que alerta para a necessidade de planejamento e implementação de políticas que contribuam para a prevenção de violência, promoção da saúde e da cultura de paz.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To present trends found in the last three editions of the National Adolescent Student Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE) on violent situations experienced by Brazilian students. Methods: Time-series study with a focus on the Brazilian state capitals, using PeNSE databases of 2009, 2012, and 2015. The indicators evaluated were: missing classes due to insecurity in the home-school route or at school; involvement in a fight with firearm or melee weapon; and physical assault by an adult of the family. We estimated the prevalence of indicators according to the total number of adolescents, gender, school type, and capital. Trends in prevalence were estimated by linear regression, adjusted for age. Results: We identified a trend in increasing prevalence, with statistical significance, for all selected violence indicators in the period from 2009 to 2015, in Brazilian state capitals. Discussion: The most vulnerable groups were public schools students; male adolescents for involvement in fights with melee weapons or firearms; and female adolescents for physical assault by family members. Conclusion: PeNSE contributed to identifying the increase in the prevalence of violence experienced by adolescents, which alerts to the need of planning and implementing policies that help to prevent violence, and promote health and a culture of peace.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720180014.supl.1 26 downloads

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