Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo produzir e avaliar painéis aglomerados com resíduo de pinus medianteuma metodologia de produçãoaplicada para painéis homogêneos e outra para heterogêneos. Os painéis homogêneos e heterogêneos foram produzidos com densidade inicial de 0,550 g/cm³ e com 10% e 12% de resina de poliuretano derivado do óleo de mamona (PUR) respectivamente. Os parâmetros de prensagem foram de 5 MPa, com temperatura de 100 ºC e 10 min de prensagem, com um intervalo de 30 s. Os ensaios realizados seguiram a normativa NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018). Observou-se que a reorganização das partículas dos painéis heterogêneos somada ao aumento do adesivo foram fatores que melhoraram as propriedades finais desses painéis, classificados para ser utilizados como objetos de decoração e na indústria moveleira, enquanto os painéis homogêneos não obtiveram classificação.

Abstract This research aimed to produce and evaluate particleboard with pinus waste using two production methodologies. One applied to homogeneous panels (single layer) and another to heterogeneous panels (three layers). The panels were produced with an initial density of 0.550 g/cm³, with 10% polyurethane resin derived from castor oil (PUR) for the homogeneous panels and 12% for the heterogeneous ones. The pressing parameters were 5 MPa, with a temperature of 100 ºC and 10 min of pressing, with an interval of 30 s. The tests performed according to NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018) standard. As a result, it was observed that the reorganization of the particles of the heterogeneous panels added to the increase of the adhesive were factors that improved the final properties of the panels, which are classified to be used as decoration objects and in the furniture industry, not obtaining classification of homogeneous panels.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to map the world's scientific production of bacterial and fungal microbiota in mollusks. The research was carried out in the Web of Science database, using “Fungi AND Mollusk” and “Bacteria AND Mollusk” descriptors and publication time between 2001 and 2021. Indexes were built by years, countries, research areas, and two maps of the co-occurrence of terms. There was a progressive increase in the production of microbiota in mollusks, with more research on bacteria during the investigated period. China and USA were the countries with the highest percentage of publications. Research with fungi and bacteria accounted for 28.41 and 17.66% in China, respectively. While the USA, the percentage was 21.05% for fungi and 16.02% for bacteria. Areas such as marine and freshwater biology (24.77%), fisheries (23.86%), biochemistry and molecular biology (18.60%), and pharmacy (17.83%) showed a higher percentage of indexed articles. There was also a high concentration of deposits of publications in the immunology area for both themes. The groups formed for bacteria and fungi indicated that studies had described the immune responses of mollusks, the genetic aspects associated with their defense mechanisms, pathogen virulence factors, and symbiotic and pathogenic microbiota, highlighting genera Vibrio, Aspergillus, and Escherichia coli pathogenic pathotypes. The bacterial and fungal microbiota in mollusks have been studied in several areas of knowledge and have given rise to research that can support the proper management of mollusks, application in the pharmaceutical industry, and implementation of measures in public health.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurrence and factors associated with the disease in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients undergoing exclusive dietary treatment. Method: This cross-sectional study included 101 adolescents 10 to < 20 years of age with PKU, who were undergoing exclusive dietary treatment and monitored since early diagnosis at a single reference service. Anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed and food intake was documented, and an ultrasound diagnosis of NAFLD was established. Data were evaluated using the Student’s t-test for continuous variables, the chi-square for categorical variables, and logistic regression using the Wald chi-squared test; differences with p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: NAFLD was detected in 26 (25.7%) teenagers. There was no difference in prevalence between the sexes or nutritional status. The final logistic regression model revealed low sensitivity (26.1%) and high specificity (94.7%). The specificity suggested a lower likelihood of NAFLD in older adolescents, in the presence of normal or high levels of alkaline phosphatase, lower carbohydrate intake, and adequate protein and lipid intake. Conclusions: The prevalence of NAFLD in adolescents with PKU was higher than that found in healthy Brazilian adolescents and similar to that found in obese Brazilian children, suggesting a higher risk for NAFLD in patients with PKU treated exclusively by dietary modification.

Resumo Polineuropatia amiloidótica familiar associada a transtirretina (ATTRv-PN) é uma polineuropatia sensitivo-motora e autonômica hereditária autossômica dominante com mais de 130 variantes patogênicas já identificadas no gene TTR. A ATTRv-PN é uma condição genética debilitante, progressiva e que ameaça a vida, levando à morte em ~ 10 anos se não for tratada. Nas últimas décadas, a ATTRv-PN se tornou uma neuropatia tratável. Além do transplante de fígado, iniciado em 1990, temos agora 3 medicamentos modificadores de doença aprovados em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil, e muitas outras medicações estão em desenvolvimento. O primeiro consenso brasileiro em ATTRv-PN foi realizado em Fortaleza em junho de 2017. Devido aos novos avanços nesta área nos últimos 5 anos, o Departamento Científico de Neuropatias Periféricas da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia organizou uma segunda edição do consenso. Cada panelista ficou responsável por rever a literatura e atualizar uma parte do manuscrito. Finalmente, os 18 panelistas se reuniram virtualmente após revisão da primeira versão, discutiram cada parte do artigo e chegaram a um consenso sobre a versão final do manuscrito.

Abstract Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is an autosomal dominant inherited sensorimotor and autonomic polyneuropathy with over 130 pathogenic variants identified in the TTR gene. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy is a disabling, progressive and life-threatening genetic condition that leads to death in ~ 10 years if untreated. The prospects for ATTRv-PN have changed in the last decades, as it has become a treatable neuropathy. In addition to liver transplantation, initiated in 1990, there are now at least 3 drugs approved in many countries, including Brazil, and many more are being developed. The first Brazilian consensus on ATTRv-PN was held in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil, in June 2017. Given the new advances in the area over the last 5 years, the Peripheral Neuropathy Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology organized a second edition of the consensus. Each panelist was responsible for reviewing the literature and updating a section of the previous paper. Thereafter, the 18 panelists got together virtually after careful review of the draft, discussed each section of the text, and reached a consensus for the final version of the manuscript.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e sintetizar evidências científicas sobre o uso de máscaras faciais de proteção por crianças, na comunidade e no domicílio, como forma de prevenção de doenças transmissíveis. Fontes de dados: Revisão de escopo seguindo o método Joana Briggs Institute e o PRISMA-ScR. Realizou-se pesquisa em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas, na Biblioteca Cochrane e em sete sites de instituições governamentais e não governamentais. Os dados foram organizados em planilha e submetidos à análise narrativa. Síntese dos dados: Inicialmente foram identificadas 658 produções, das quais 19 compuseram a amostra final. Estudos com melhores níveis de evidência são escassos. Os tipos de máscaras identificadas foram as profissionais (cirúrgicas e respiradores faciais com filtragem) e as não profissionais (caseiras). Os agentes transmissíveis estudados foram os vírus influenza e SARS-CoV-2, e os ambientes avaliados foram escolas, domicílios e espaços comunitários. Os principais desconfortos relatados foram calor, falta de ar, dor de cabeça e desajuste ao rosto. A indicação e a aceitabilidade mudam conforme faixa etária e condições clínicas. Não há consenso sobre a redução da transmissibilidade de infecções. Conclusões: Crianças maiores de 5 anos podem se beneficiar com o uso correto de máscaras, desde que sejam supervisionadas e educadas para isso e que a máscara esteja bem ajustada ao rosto. Há melhores resultados quando seu uso está associado a outras medidas, como distanciamento físico, permanência em locais arejados e higiene frequente das mãos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and synthesize scientific evidence that the use of face protection masks by children, in the community and at home, is a way of preventing communicable diseases. Data source: A scoping review was made using the Joana Briggs Institute method and PRISMA-ScR. A research was carried out in five electronic databases, at the Cochrane Library and on seven websites of governmental and non-governmental institutions. The data were organized in a spreadsheet and submitted to narrative analysis. Data synthesis: Initially, 658 productions were identified, of which 19 made up the final sample. Studies with higher levels of evidence are scarce. The types of masks identified were professional (surgical and facial respirators with filtration) and non-professional (homemade). The transmissible agents studied were influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, and the evaluated environments were schools, homes and community spaces. The main discomforts reported were heat, shortness of breath, headache and maladjustment to the face. The indication and acceptability of masks change according to the age group and clinical conditions. There is no consensus on the reduction in the transmissibility of infections. Conclusions: Children older than five can benefit from the correct use of masks, as long as they are supervised, taught and educated to do so and the masks should be well adjusted to the face. The use of masks show better results when associated with other measures such as physical distancing, keeping places ventilated and frequent hand hygiene.

Resumo Objetivo Compreender o processo de trabalho de equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família na coordenação do cuidado, ressaltando fatores intervenientes a essa coordenação. Método Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, ancorada nos atributos da coordenação do cuidado, realizada com 18 profissionais da atenção e gestão, entre janeiro e março de 2020. Resultados Emergiram três temas finais: “Plano de cuidados”, “Alinhamento de condutas” e “Comunicação dialógica nos distintos níveis de atenção”. O padrão de respostas aponta a fragmentação da assistência e fragiliza os mecanismos de coordenação. A exposição de fatores restritivos relativos ao nível meso e macro organizacional do sistema municipal de saúde reverbera na capacidade das equipes de coordenar o cuidado ao usuário. Conclusão e implicações para a prática A coordenação do cuidado enfrenta obstáculos relacionados ao processo de trabalho das equipes e questões estruturais na organização da rede de saúde. As contribuições transpõem a atenção e gestão, alcançam o ensino, pesquisa e extensão na formação profissional. A educação permanente possibilita reorientações para garantir o fluxo dos usuários na rede de atenção e propiciar atenção integral à população.

Abstract Objective To understand the work process of Family Health Strategy teams in the coordination of care, highlighting factors involved in this coordination. Method Qualitative study based on the attributes of care coordination, carried out with 18 care and management professionals between January and March 2020. Results Three final themes emerged: “Care plan”; “Standardization of practices”; and “Dialogical communication at different levels of care”. The pattern of responses points to the fragmentation of care and weakens coordination mechanisms. The exposure of restrictive factors related to the meso- and macro-organizational levels of the municipal health system reverberates in the ability of teams to coordinate care. Conclusion and implications for practice The coordination of care faces obstacles related to the work process of teams and structural issues in the organization of the health network. The contributions go beyond care and management, reaching education, research, and extension in professional training. Permanent education enables reorientations to guarantee the flow of users in the care network and provide comprehensive care to the population.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender el proceso de trabajo de los equipos de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia en la coordinación de la atención, destacando los factores involucrados en esa coordinación. Método Investigación con abordaje cualitativo, anclada en los atributos de la coordinación de la atención, realizada con 18 profesionales asistenciales y gestores, entre enero y marzo de 2020. Resultados Surgieron tres temas finales: “Plan de cuidados”; “Alineación de conductas”; y “Comunicación dialógica en los diferentes niveles de atención”. El patrón de respuestas apunta a la fragmentación de la asistencia y debilita los mecanismos de coordinación. La exposición de factores restrictivos relacionados con el nivel meso y macro organizacional del sistema de salud municipal repercute en la capacidad de los equipos para coordinar la atención al usuario. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica La coordinación del cuidado enfrenta obstáculos relacionados con el proceso de trabajo de los equipos y cuestiones estructurales en la organización de la red de salud. Los aportes van más allá de la atención y la gestión, alcanzan la docencia, la investigación y la extensión en la formación profesional. La educación permanente posibilita reorientaciones para garantizar el flujo de usuarios en la red de atención y brindar atención integral a la población.

RESUMO A manga (Mangifera indica L.) é uma fruta tropical de grande importância no mundo. No entanto, as perdas pós-colheita dos frutos são causadas pela antracnose, doença causada principalmente por fungos fitopatogênicos do gênero Colletotrichum. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a morfologia, similaridade genética e patogenicidade de isolados de Colletotrichum spp. de manga no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. A avaliação morfológica de 28 isolados, com base na cor da colônia, tamanho dos conídios e apressórios e taxa de crescimento, mostrou que os isolados pertencem à espécie C. gloeosporioides. Posteriormente, foi confirmado com oligonucleotídeos específicos para a espécie. Além disso, a avaliação combinada com RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) e ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) mostrou uma similaridade genética de 0,23 entre os Isolados 12 e 21, e 0,71 entre os Isolados 2 e 4, um indicativo de alta variabilidade entre os isolados, com dissimilaridade acima de 75%. Além disso, o dendrograma gerado pelo método UPGMA indicou que os isolados foram dispostos em oito grupos, os quais não se correlacionaram com o local de coleta. Com base na patogenicidade, embora a maioria dos isolados tenha apresentado baixa virulência para a cultivar Tommy Atkins, alguns deles se mostraram altamente agressivos (Isolados 9, 15, 20, 21, 24, 26 e 27). Além disso, a patogenicidade não se correlacionou com os aglomerados. Concluindo, os resultados revelaram alta variabilidade genética e patogênica em C. gloeosporioides isolado de cultivares de manga em uma das principais regiões exportadoras do Brasil.

ABSTRACT Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical fruit of great importance in the world. However, fruit postharvest losses are caused by anthracnose, a disease caused mainly by phytopathogenic fungi from the Colletotrichum genus. Thus, this work aimed to study morphology, genetic similarity, and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum spp. isolates from mango in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. Morphological evaluation of 28 isolates, based on colony color, size of conidia and appressoria, and growth rate, showed that the isolates belong to the C. gloeosporioides species. It was later confirmed with species-specific oligonucleotides. Also, combined evaluation with RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) showed a genetic similarity of 0.23 between Isolates 12 and 21, and 0.71 between Isolates 2 and 4, an indication of high variability among isolates, with dissimilarity over 75%. Moreover, the dendrogram generated by the UPGMA method indicated that the isolates were arranged in eight groups, which did not correlate with the collection site. Based on pathogenicity, although most isolates showed low virulence for Tommy Atkins cultivar, some of them proved to be highly aggressive (Isolates 9, 15, 20, 21, 24, 26, and 27). Also, pathogenicity did not correlate with clusters. In conclusion, the results revealed high genetic and pathogenic variability in C. gloeosporioides isolated from mango cultivars in one of the main exporting regions in Brazil.

Resumo A pesquisa atual sobre aprendizagem da Matemática reconhece que os indivíduos atribuem significado a objetos de seu pensamento. No entanto, alguns processos dinâmicos e interativos envolvidos na atribuição de significado não estão suficientemente especificados. Aqui, o foco é direcionado a três desses processos: contextualizar, complementarizar e complexificar. Os objetivos do artigo são estender as perspectivas existentes sobre tais processos e destacar aspectos epistemológico, conceitual e cognitivo que são significativos para a aprendizagem da Matemática. Para tal, uma agenda de pesquisa é elaborada colocando em diálogo diferentes perspectivas teóricas e posições. Argumentamos que os três processos – contextualizar, complementarizar e complexificar –, juntos, constituem um modelo interpretativo para a aprendizagem da Matemática de uma perspectiva da atribuição de significados.

Abstract Recent research on Mathematics learning recognises that individuals ascribe meaning to objects of their thinking. However, some dynamic and interactive processes involved in ascribing meaning are not yet sufficiently specified. Here, the focus is directed at three such processes: contextualising, complementizing, and complexifying. The aims of this paper are to extend existing perspectives on these three processes and to highlight epistemological, conceptual, and cognitive aspects that are significant for mathematics learning. To this end, a research agenda is pursued that brings into dialogue different theoretical perspectives and positions. We argue that the three processes – contextualizing, complementizing, and complexifying – together constitute an interpretative model for learning mathematics from a perspective of ascribing meaning.

Resumo Os resíduos oriundos do processamento da madeira constituem uma oportunidade para o aproveitamento energético, sendo a briquetagem um processo eficiente para concentrar a energia disponível da biomassa florestal. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar diferentes composições de resíduos das madeiras de mogno-africano (Khaya ivorensis e Khaya senegalensis) e eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla) para produção de briquetes. Para isso, cinco composições foram testadas com diferentes proporções de resíduos (100% eucalipto, 75% eucalipto + 25% mogno-africano, 50% eucalipto + 50% mogno-africano, 25% eucalipto + 75% mogno-africano e 100% mogno-africano) e submetidas às análises químicas e físicas (extrativos totais, ligninas totais, teor de cinzas, teor de umidade, poder calorífico e densidade a granel). Os briquetes foram produzidos à temperatura de 120°C, pressão de 100 kgf cm-2 e tempos de compactação e resfriamento de 5 e 7 minutos, respectivamente, sendo submetidos a ensaios físico-mecânicos (densidade relativa aparente e resistência à compressão axial). As composições com maiores porcentagens de mogno-africano tiveram maior teor de extrativos e cinzas, e maior poder calorífico superior. Para os briquetes oriundos das composições com maiores porcentagens de eucalipto, verificou-se menor densidade relativa aparente e menor resistência à compressão axial. Apesar disso, os resíduos dessas espécies possuem potencial para a geração de energia, sendo os briquetes produzidos com maior porcentagem de mogno-africano, os que apresentaram maior potencial energético e resistência mecânica.

Abstract The residues from wood processing are an opportunity for energy use, and the briquetting is an efficient process of concentrating the available energy from forest biomass. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate different compositions of residues from African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis and Khaya senegalensis) and eucalypts (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla) woods for the production of briquettes. To do so, five composites were tested with different proportions of residues (100% eucalypts, 75% eucalypts + 25% African mahogany, 50% eucalypts + 50% African mahogany, 25% eucalypts + 75% African mahogany e 100% African mahogany) and submitted to analysis chemical and physical (total extracts, total lignin, ash content, moisture content, higher calorific value and bulk density). The briquettes were produced at a temperature of 120°C, pressure of 100 kgf cm-2 and compaction and cooling times of 5 and 7 minutes, respectively and were submitted to physical-mechanical analysis (apparent relative density and resistance to axial compression). The compositions with the highest percentage of African mahogany had higher extractives and ash content, and a greater calorific value. For the briquettes from compositions with higher percentages of eucalyptus, there was less apparent relative density and less resistance to axial compression. Despite this, the residues of these species have potential for energy generation. However, the briquettes with a higher percentage of African mahogany in the composition have greater energy potential and are, mechanically, more resistant.

Abstract Nine participants undergoing primary TKA submitted to spinal anesthesia, sedation, ultrasound-guided obturator and Femoral nerve Block analgesia, and photobiomodulation Therapy (FBMT) were evaluated regarding postoperative pain and morphine consumption. FBMT sessions were performed in the Immediate Postoperative period (IPO) and after 24 hours. Participants received 16.7±15 mg of morphine up to the third postoperative day. At IPO, mean pain score was 4.8 ± 3.2 and 5.6 ± 3.5, at rest and on movement, respectively. Photo biomodulation therapy can be considered an option for mitigating pain for patients undergoing TKA.

BACKGROUND Herpesvirus transmission between humans and non-human primate (NHP) can occur through contact scratches with lesions, infected saliva, and mainly through contaminated food. Therefore, cross-infection can lead to severe illness or even death for both the animal and human. In 2017, during the yellow fever (YF) outbreak in Brazil, species of the New World Primates (NWP) from Rio de Janeiro state, tested negative for yellow fever virus (YFV) detection. OBJECTIVES To evaluate herpesvirus in the population NWP in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS To investigate, liver samples of 283 NWP, from several regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, were tested for the herpesvirus family using a Pan-polymerase chain reaction (Pan-PCR) and sequencing. FINDINGS 34.6% (98/283) tested positive for at least one herpesvirus; 29.3% (83/283) tested positive to Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), this virus from humans can be lethal to New World monkey; 13% (37/283) were detected Callitrichine gammaherpesvirus 3 (CalHV-3), responsible for lymphoproliferative disease that can be fatal in NWP. In addition, CalHV-3 / HSV-1 co-infection was in 11.6% (33/283) of the samples. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Pan-herpesvirus was useful to identify species-specific herpesviruses and virus from human that can infect animals. Furthermore, during an outbreak of YF other infections should be monitored.

O artigo adota um referencial socioantropológico para explorar os estigmas subjacentes às interações com crianças que nascem com a síndrome congênita do vírus Zika provocada pela epidemia de Zika em duas cidades brasileiras. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os pais e outros familiares. Os autores refletem sobre a busca de sentido ao ter um filho com marcas corporais inesperadas, sofrimento moral, capacitismo, o fardo pesado dos cuidados e a necessidade de redes de apoio. Concluem que políticas públicas, principalmente sociais (saúde, educação e assistência social) são essenciais para produzir mecanismos compensatórios, reconhecimento e inclusão social dessas crianças e de suas famílias.

This article uses a socio-anthropological framework to explore the stigmas around interactions with children born with congenital Zika syndrome caused by the Zika virus epidemic in two Brazilian municipalities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents and other relatives. We reflected on the search for meaning when having a baby with unexpected body marks, the moral suffering, the societal ableism, the burden of care, and the need for support networks. We concluded that public policies, especially social policies (health, education, and social assistance), are essential for compensatory mechanisms, recognition, and social inclusion of these children and their families.

Este artículo adopta un marco socioantropológico para investigar los estigmas subyacentes a las interacciones con niños, nacidos con el síndrome congénito del virus Zika, causado por la epidemia de Zika en dos ciudades brasileñas. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con padres y otros parientes. Reflejamos en la investigación el significado de tener un bebé con marcas corporales inesperadas, sufrimiento moral, razón de la discapacidad social y carga de cuidado, así como la necesidad de redes de apoyo. Concluimos que las políticas públicas, especialmente las políticas sociales (salud, educación, y asistencia social), son cruciales produciendo mecanismos compensatorios, reconocimiento e inclusión social de estos niños y sus familias.

O artigo adota um referencial socioantropológico para explorar os estigmas subjacentes às interações com crianças que nascem com a síndrome congênita do vírus Zika provocada pela epidemia de Zika em duas cidades brasileiras. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os pais e outros familiares. Os autores refletem sobre a busca de sentido ao ter um filho com marcas corporais inesperadas, sofrimento moral, capacitismo, o fardo pesado dos cuidados e a necessidade de redes de apoio. Concluem que políticas públicas, principalmente sociais (saúde, educação e assistência social) são essenciais para produzir mecanismos compensatórios, reconhecimento e inclusão social dessas crianças e de suas famílias.

This article uses a socio-anthropological framework to explore the stigmas around interactions with children born with congenital Zika syndrome caused by the Zika virus epidemic in two Brazilian municipalities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents and other relatives. We reflected on the search for meaning when having a baby with unexpected body marks, the moral suffering, the societal ableism, the burden of care, and the need for support networks. We concluded that public policies, especially social policies (health, education, and social assistance), are essential for compensatory mechanisms, recognition, and social inclusion of these children and their families.

Este artículo adopta un marco socioantropológico para investigar los estigmas subyacentes a las interacciones con niños, nacidos con el síndrome congénito del virus Zika, causado por la epidemia de Zika en dos ciudades brasileñas. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con padres y otros parientes. Reflejamos en la investigación el significado de tener un bebé con marcas corporales inesperadas, sufrimiento moral, razón de la discapacidad social y carga de cuidado, así como la necesidad de redes de apoyo. Concluimos que las políticas públicas, especialmente las políticas sociales (salud, educación, y asistencia social), son cruciales produciendo mecanismos compensatorios, reconocimiento e inclusión social de estos niños y sus familias.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a associação da adesão e das barreiras à terapêutica medicamentosa com o risco de quedas e as variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e econômicas. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 117 idosos em um Ambulatório Médico de Especialidades do Idoso na Região Sudeste de cidade de São Paulo (SP), no período de março a novembro de 2019. Foram aplicadas as escalas: Risco de Queda de Downton, teste de Morisky-Green e Brief Medication Questionnaire. Para verificar a associação entre a adesão ao tratamento e tipos de barreiras a essa adesão e o risco de quedas, foi utilizada a regressão logística. Foi utilizado um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: os idosos com baixa adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso apresentaram chance de 5,57 vezes de ter alto risco de queda em relação aos idosos com maior adesão, e aqueles com barreira no domínio recordação apresentaram chance de 22,75 vezes de ter alto risco de queda, em relação aos idosos sem barreira no domínio recordação. Conclusão: a baixa e média adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa e a barreira relacionada ao domínio recordação se associaram a alto risco de queda nos idosos.

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the association of adherence and barriers to drug therapy with the risk of falls and the sociodemographic, clinical and economic variables. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 117 aged individuals in a Medical Clinic of Specialties for Older Adults in the Southeast region of the city of São Paulo (SP), from March to November 2019. The following scales were applied: Downton Fall Risk, Morisky-Green Test and Brief Medication Questionnaire. Logistic regression was use to verify the association between adherence to the treatment and types of barriers to adherence and the risk of falls. A 5% significance level was used. Results: the older adults with low adherence to the drug treatment presented 5.57 times more chances of having a high risk of falling when compared to those with greater adherence, and those with a barrier in the recall domain had 22.75 times more chances of having a high risk of falling, in relation to the aged individuals without barriers in the recall domain. Conclusion: low and average adherence to drug therapy and the barrier related to the recall domain were associated with high risk of falls in the older adults.

RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar la asociación de la adhesión y los obstáculos con respecto a la terapia con el riesgo de caídas y las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y económicas. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 117 adultos mayores en una Clínica Médica Ambulatoria de Especialidades Geriátricas en la región sudeste de la ciudad de San Pablo (SP) entre marzo y noviembre de 2019. Se aplicaron las siguientes escalas: Riesgo de Caídas de Downton, prueba de Morisky-Green y Brief Medication Questionnaire. Se utilizó regresión logística para verificar la asociación entre la adhesión al tratamiento y los tipos de obstáculos con respecto a dicha adhesión y el riesgo de caídas. Se utilizó un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: los adultos mayores con bajo nivel de adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso presentaron 5,57 más probabilidades de tener un riesgo de caídas elevado en relación con los que presentaron más adhesión, y quienes tuvieron obstáculos en el dominio Recordatorio presentaron 22,75 más probabilidades de tener un riesgo de caídas elevado, en relación con los adultos mayores sin obstáculos en dicho dominio. Conclusión: los niveles bajo y medio de adhesión a la terapia medicamentosa y el obstáculo relacionado al dominio Recordatorio estuvieron asociados al riesgo de caída elevado en los adultos mayores.

Abstract Background: Spider venoms induce different physio-pharmacological effects by binding with high affinity on molecular targets, therefore being of biotechnological interest. Some of these toxins, acting on different types of ion channels, have been identified in the venom of spiders of the genus Phoneutria, mainly from P. nigriventer. In spite of the pharmaceutical potential demonstrated by P. nigriventer toxins, there is limited information on molecules from venoms of the same genus, as their toxins remain poorly characterized. Understanding this diversity and clarifying the differences in the mechanisms of action of spider toxins is of great importance for establishing their true biotechnological potential. This prompted us to compare three different venoms of the Phoneutria genus: P. nigriventer (Pn-V), P. eickstedtae (Pe-V) and P. pertyi (Pp-V). Methods: Biochemical and functional comparison of the venoms were carried out by SDS-PAGE, HPLC, mass spectrometry, enzymatic activities and electrophysiological assays (whole-cell patch clamp). Results: The employed approach revealed that all three venoms had an overall similarity in their components, with only minor differences. The presence of a high number of similar proteins was evident, particularly toxins in the mass range of ~6.0 kDa. Hyaluronidase and proteolytic activities were detected in all venoms, in addition to isoforms of the toxins Tx1 and Tx2-6. All Tx1 isoforms blocked Nav1.6 ion currents, with slight differences. Conclusion: Our findings showed that Pn-V, Pe-V and Pp-V are highly similar concerning protein composition and enzymatic activities, containing isoforms of the same toxins sharing high sequence homology, with minor modifications. However, these structural and functional variations are very important for venom diversity. In addition, our findings will contribute to the comprehension of the molecular diversity of the venoms of the other species from Phoneutria genus, exposing their biotechnological potential as a source for searching for new active molecules.