Abstract: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess if genetic polymorphisms in TNF- α are associated with a negative impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in children with dental caries. A total of 307 pairs of parents/caregivers and children aged two to five years were selected. The children were clinically evaluated and classified according to caries experience and severity of active caries. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used to assess OHRQoL. Genotyping analysis of genetic polymorphisms in TNF- α (rs1799724, rs1799964, and rs1800629) was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the recessive model, children with the CC genotype of TNF-α (rs1799964) had a significantly high chance of poor OHRQoL in the symptom domain (pain), in both the caries experience (p = 0.045) and the high-severity active caries phenotypes (p = 0.033) (Mann-Whitney U test). It was concluded that genetic polymorphisms in TNF-α are associated with OHRQoL related to the symptom domain (pain), suggesting that TNF-α could be used as a potential biomarker for OHRQoL. Understanding the genetic aspects associated with OHRQoL will allow the early identification of patients with OHRQoL disparities and provide personalized healthcare.

RESUMO Refletir sobre as mudanças climáticas (MCs) se faz de extrema necessidade. Esse problema humano-ambiental é global e com projeções concretas de intensificação no futuro, se associando diretamente à necessidade de promover sustentabilidade. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a visão que professores possuem sobre comunicação das MCs nas escolas, investigando, mais especificamente, como seus contextos escolares abordam MCs e o cuidado ambiental (CA) com os estudantes, e como enxergam o posicionamento de seus alunos diante desses temas. Esforços como esses são de extrema relevância, ao se levar em conta que esses alunos serão futuros adultos, que irão sofrer mais fortemente as consequências das MCs. A escola passa a ser um terreno fértil para discutir, estimular e implementar ações de cuidado, pró-sustentáveis e de mitigação. Foram realizadas entrevistas exploratórias com 11 professores, de escolas do âmbito privado e público. Em síntese, os professores enxergaram o aluno de maneira positiva, como disposto ao engajamento pró-ecológico, ressaltaram a necessária participação familiar, a continuidade dos projetos e a promoção de experiências com a realidade local como meios para estimular comportamentos e a construção de crenças, atitudes e visões atreladas aos princípios da sustentabilidade. Tais resultados fornecem base para que as escolas possam (re)construir projetos de educação socioambiental, que levem em conta dimensões psicológicas favorecedoras de estilos de vida sustentáveis, considerando também problemas ambientais globais.

ABSTRACT It is of utmost necessity to reflect on climate changes (CC). This human-environmental problem is global and with concrete projections of future intensification, directly associating with the need to promote sustainability. Thus, this study had as its purpose to comprehend the understanding held by teachers about CC communication in schools, specifically investigating how their school context addresses CC and environmental care (EC) to the students and how they see their students standing over these issues. Efforts like these are of extreme relevance, as one considers that these students will be future adults who will more strongly suffer the consequences of CC. The school becomes a fertile ground to discuss, stimulate and implement pro-sustainability actions of care and mitigation. Exploratory interviews with 11 teachers were carried out in both public and private schools. In summary, the teachers positively saw the student as willing to a pro-ecological engagement, highlighting the most needed family participation, the continuity of the projects, and the promotion of experiments with the local reality as means to stimulate behaviors and the building of beliefs, attitudes, and visions linked to the principles of sustainability. Such results provide a basis for the schools to (re)build projects of socio-environmental education, which take into account psychological dimensions that enable sustainable lifestyles, also considering global environmental issues.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of use of agroindustrial co-products in the diet of lambs on the performance and nutritional quality of meat fat. Twenty lambs were distributed into four experimental groups: control diet (C) or diets containing cottonseed (CS), sunflower meal (SFM), and castor cake (CC). During the experimental period, data on dry matter consumption (DMC) and total weight gain (TWG) were collected. After slaughter, samples of Logissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were taken for fatty acids and cholesterol analysis. Diets C and CS provided similar characteristics of fat quality and animal performance. However, SFM and CC diets tend to form isolated groups, with different fat and performance characteristics. The SFM diet results in meat with a higher saturated fatty acids and cholesterol content. The CC diet is related to improved performance characteristics and lower cholesterol content. In conclusion, the inclusion of CC in the experimental diets provided, in the proportions used in this experiment, better characteristics of animal performance and meat fat quality.

Resumo Verificar as respostas de 24 horas da pressão arterial (PA) em jovens adultos após diferentes ordens de execução do exercício aeróbio (EA) e resistido (ER). Participarão do estudo dez homens saudáveis (22,6 ± 70,3; 3.7 anos ± 5,8 kg; 175,9 ± 5,8 centímetros). O estudo consistiu em quatro sessões experimentais realizadas de forma aleatórias: EA + ER (AR); ER + EA (RA); Circuito Concorrente (CC) e controle (CO). Todas as sessões tiveram a mesma duração e intensidade, EA: 15 min a 90% do limar de lactato mínimo indireto; ER: 15min a 90% de 12 RM com 12 repetições (seis exercícios). A PA foi medida antes, durante e 1 h (Microlife® BP3A1C) após a realização de exercícios em laboratório e 23 h durante as atividades diárias, utilizando a medição da pressão arterial ambulatorial (Dyna-MAPA®). A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) no período de 24 horas e de vigília, e a diastólica (PAD), no período de 24 horas, o sono e de vigília, e a média da PA no período de vigília foram menores na sessão RA em comparação com a sessão CO apresentando um tamanho do efeito de moderado a alto (d de Cohen = -0,46 / -0,78). A área sob a curva da PAD na sessão AR foi menor do que na sessão CO no período de vigília (1004 ± 82 vs. 1065 ± 107; p < 0,047) e 24 h (1456 ± 103 vs 1528 ± 132; p < 0,026) períodos. A sessão RA apresentou maiores pontos de redução da PA durante 24 horas em relação ao outros protocolos.

Abstract To verify 24-hour blood pressure (BP) responses in young adults after different orders of aerobic (AE) and resistance exercises (RE). Anaerobic threshold (AT) and strength (12 RM) were evaluated in ten healthy men (22.6 ± 3.7yrs; 70.3 ± 5.8 kg; 175.9 ± 5.8 cm). Four experimental sessions: Aerobic + Resistance (AR); Resistance + Aerobic (RA); Concurrent circuit (CC) and control day (CO) were randomly performed. All sessions had the same duration and intensity, AE: 15 min at 90% of AT; ER: 15 min at 90% of 12 RM with 12 reps (6 exercises). BP was measured before, during and 1 h (Microlife® BP3A1C) after performing exercises in the laboratory and 23 h during daily activities using ambulatory blood pressure measurement (Dyna-MAPA®). Systolic BP (SBP) in 24 h and awake periods, and Diastolic BP (DBP) in 24 h, sleep and awake periods, and Mean BP in awake period were lower in RA session compared with CO session with moderate to high effect size (d de Cohen = -0.46/-0.78). The DBP area under the curve in RA was lower than CO in awake (1004 ± 82 vs. 1065 ± 107; p < 0.047) and 24 h (1456 ± 103 vs. 1528 ± 132; p < 0.026) periods. The SBP delta were lower in RA at 0-1 h (-12.0 mmHg), 2-3h (-16.5 mmHg), 6-7 h (-19.4 mmHg) and 10-11 h (-13.0 mmHg) compared with CO; lower in AR at 4-5h (-19.2 mmHg) and 6-7 h (-20.2 mmHg) compared with CO; and lower in CC at 2-3h (-15.6 mmHg) and 6-7 h (-17.5 mmHg) compared with CO. The DBP was lower at 4-5 h (-14.0 mmHg) in RA compared with CO. After performing RA exercises, there were greater decreases in BP during 24 h in young adults.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Analisar a capacidade preditiva dos indicadores antropométricos e os seus valores de corte para a triagem da dislipidemia em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de 1.139 crianças e adolescentes de ambos os sexos entre 6 e 18 anos. Peso corporal, estatura, circunferência da cintura (CC) e prega cutânea subescapular (PCSE) e prega cutânea tricipital (PCT) foram medidos. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a relação cintura-estatura (RCE) foram calculados. As crianças e os adolescentes que tinham pelo menos uma das seguintes alterações lipídicas foram definidos como tendo dislipidemia: elevados níveis de colesterol total, HDL-C baixo, LDL-C elevado e concentração elevada de triglicérides. Uma curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) foi construída e a área sob a curva, a sensibilidade e a especificidade foram calculadas para os parâmetros analisados. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dislipidemia foi de 62,1%. RCE, CC, PCSE, IMC e PCT, nessa ordem, apresentaram o maior número de precisões significativas e variaram de 0,59-0,78. As associações dos indicadores antropométricos com dislipidemia foram mais fortes nos adolescentes do que nas crianças. Diferenças significativas entre precisões dos indicadores antropométricos só foram observadas no fim da adolescência. A precisão da RCE foi maior do que a da PCSE (p = 0,048) para meninas e a precisão de CC foi maior do que a PCSE (p = 0,029) e IMC (p = 0,012) para os meninos. Em geral, os valores de corte dos preditores antropométricos de dislipidemia aumentaram com a idade, exceto para RCE. Sensibilidade e especificidade variaram substancialmente entre os indicadores antropométricos, de 75,6-53,5 e 75,0-50,0, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Os indicadores antropométricos estudados mostraram pouca utilidade como ferramentas de rastreamento para dislipidemia, especialmente em crianças

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the predictive capacity of anthropometric indicators and their cut-off values for dyslipidemia screening in children and adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1139 children and adolescents, of both sexes, aged 6-18 years. Body weight, height, waist circumference, subscapular, and triceps skinfold thickness were measured. The body mass index and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. Children and adolescents exhibiting at least one of the following lipid alterations were defined as having dyslipidemia: elevated total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein, elevated low-density lipoprotein, and high triglyceride concentration. A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed and the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity was calculated for the parameters analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 62.1%. The waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, subscapular, body mass index, and triceps skinfold thickness, in this order, presented the largest number of significant accuracies, ranging from 0.59 to 0.78. The associations of the anthropometric indicators with dyslipidemia were stronger among adolescents than among children. Significant differences between accuracies of the anthropometric indicators were only observed by the end of adolescence; the accuracy of waist-to-height ratio was higher than that of subscapular (p = 0.048) for females, and the accuracy of waist circumference was higher than that of subscapular (p = 0.029) and body mass index (p = 0.012) for males. In general, the cut-off values of the anthropometric predictors of dyslipidemia increased with age, except for waist-to-height ratio. Sensitivity and specificity varied substantially between anthropometric indicators, ranging from 75.6 to 53.5 and from 75.0 to 50.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The anthropometric indicators studied had little utility as screening tools for dyslipidemia, especially in children.

O presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar associação entre fatores de risco cardiovascular (FRCV) e indicadores antropométricos em amostra de base populacional de universitários de São Luís/MA. Estudo transversal com 968 universitários, mediana de 22 anos. Glicemia, triglicerídeos (TGL), HDL-c, tabagismo, consumo de álcool, sedentarismo, síndrome metabólica (SM–critérios do Joint Interim Statement) e resistência insulínica (RI), foram associados e correlacionados com os indicadores antropométricos Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Circunferência da Cintura (CC), Relação Cintura Quadril (RCQ) e Relação Cintura Altura (RCA). Encontraram-se associações entre TGL, HAS, SM e maiores valores de todas as variáveis antropométricas. RI associou-se a maiores valores IMC e RCA em homens e mulheres. Baixo HDL-c foi associado a maiores valores de todas as variáveis antropométricas em mulheres. Consumo de álcool associou-se a valores mais elevados de IMC e CC em mulheres e RCQ e RCA em homens. Fumo associou-se a maiores valores de RCA em ambos os sexos. Sedentarismo foi associado a maiores valores de RCQ apenas em homens. As correlações mais altas foram estabelecidas para mulheres entre TGL e IMC, CC, RCQ e RCA. Os indicadores que mais se associaram aos FRCV foram IMC, CC e RCA em mulheres e RCQ e RCA em homens.

The article aims to evaluate the relation between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and anthropometric indicators in a sample of university students from São Luís-MA, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 968 university students, with median age of 22. Glycemia, triglycerides, HDL-c, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome (Joint Interim Statement criteria) and insulin resistance (IR), were associated and correlated with anthropometric indicators such as BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR. Associations were found between TGL, SH, SM and higher values of all anthropometric variables. The RI was associated with higher BMI values and WHtR in men and women. The low HDL-c was associated with higher values of all anthropometric variables in women. Consumption of alcohol was associated with higher values of BMI and WC in women and WHR in men and WHtR. Smoking was associated with higher values of WHtR in both sexes. Physical inactivity was associated with higher values of WHR in men only. The highest correlations were established for women between TGL and BMI CC, WHR and WHtR. The indicators most associated with CVRF were BMI, WC and WHtR in females and WHR and WHtR in men.

O presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar associação entre fatores de risco cardiovascular (FRCV) e indicadores antropométricos em amostra de base populacional de universitários de São Luís/MA. Estudo transversal com 968 universitários, mediana de 22 anos. Glicemia, triglicerídeos (TGL), HDL-c, tabagismo, consumo de álcool, sedentarismo, síndrome metabólica (SM–critérios do Joint Interim Statement) e resistência insulínica (RI), foram associados e correlacionados com os indicadores antropométricos Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Circunferência da Cintura (CC), Relação Cintura Quadril (RCQ) e Relação Cintura Altura (RCA). Encontraram-se associações entre TGL, HAS, SM e maiores valores de todas as variáveis antropométricas. RI associou-se a maiores valores IMC e RCA em homens e mulheres. Baixo HDL-c foi associado a maiores valores de todas as variáveis antropométricas em mulheres. Consumo de álcool associou-se a valores mais elevados de IMC e CC em mulheres e RCQ e RCA em homens. Fumo associou-se a maiores valores de RCA em ambos os sexos. Sedentarismo foi associado a maiores valores de RCQ apenas em homens. As correlações mais altas foram estabelecidas para mulheres entre TGL e IMC, CC, RCQ e RCA. Os indicadores que mais se associaram aos FRCV foram IMC, CC e RCA em mulheres e RCQ e RCA em homens.

The article aims to evaluate the relation between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and anthropometric indicators in a sample of university students from São Luís-MA, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 968 university students, with median age of 22. Glycemia, triglycerides, HDL-c, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome (Joint Interim Statement criteria) and insulin resistance (IR), were associated and correlated with anthropometric indicators such as BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR. Associations were found between TGL, SH, SM and higher values of all anthropometric variables. The RI was associated with higher BMI values and WHtR in men and women. The low HDL-c was associated with higher values of all anthropometric variables in women. Consumption of alcohol was associated with higher values of BMI and WC in women and WHR in men and WHtR. Smoking was associated with higher values of WHtR in both sexes. Physical inactivity was associated with higher values of WHR in men only. The highest correlations were established for women between TGL and BMI CC, WHR and WHtR. The indicators most associated with CVRF were BMI, WC and WHtR in females and WHR and WHtR in men.

Fundamento:A aplicabilidade de escores de risco (ER) internacionais em cirurgia cardíaca (CC) ainda não está bem definida em centros fora da América do Norte e Europa.Objetivo:Avaliar a capacidade do Berstein Parsonnet 2000 (BP) e do EuroSCORE (ES) em predizer mortalidade intra-hospitalar (MIH) em pacientes submetidos a CC em hospital de referência do Brasil e identificar os preditores de risco (PR).Métodos:Coorte retrospectiva de 1.065 pacientes. Foram incluídos dados de cirurgias realizadas entre janeiro de 2007 e julho de 2008, quando 60,3% dos pacientes realizaram CRM, 32,7%, cirurgia valvar, e 7,0%, CRM combinada com cirurgia valvar. Foram calculados os modelos aditivos e logísticos dos escores, a área sob a curva ROC (AUC) e a razão de mortalidade padronizada (RMP). Regressão logística multivariada foi realizada para identificar os PR.Resultados:A MIH da amostra foi de 7,8%. As características basais dos pacientes da amostra foram significativamente diferentes em relação ao BP e ao ES. As AUCs do BP aditivo e logístico foram 0,72 (IC95%; 0,66-0,78 p = 0,74) e as do ES foram 0,73 (IC95% 0,67-0,79 p = 0,80). O cálculo da RMP no BP foi 1,59 (IC95%; 1,27-1,99) e no ES foi 1,43 (IC95%; 1,14-1,79). Sete PR de MIH foram identificados: idade, creatinina sérica > 2,26 mg/dL, endocardite ativa, pressão arterial pulmonar > 60 mmHg, uma ou mais CC, CRM combinada com cirurgia valvar e diabetes melito.Conclusão:Ambos os ER mostraram-se inadequados na avaliação pré-operatória de pacientes submetidos a CC, reforçando a necessidade de se desenvolverem ER baseados na realidade local.

Background:The applicability of international risk scores in heart surgery (HS) is not well defined in centers outside of North America and Europe.Objective:To evaluate the capacity of the Parsonnet Bernstein 2000 (BP) and EuroSCORE (ES) in predicting in-hospital mortality (IHM) in patients undergoing HS at a reference hospital in Brazil and to identify risk predictors (RP).Methods:Retrospective cohort study of 1,065 patients, with 60.3% patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 32.7%, valve surgery and 7.0%, CABG combined with valve surgery. Additive and logistic scores models, the area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve (AUC) and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the RP.Results:Overall mortality was 7.8%. The baseline characteristics of the patients were significantly different in relation to BP and ES. AUCs of the logistic and additive BP were 0.72 (95% CI, from 0.66 to 0.78 p = 0.74), and of ES they were 0.73 (95% CI; 0.67 to 0.79 p = 0.80). The calculation of the SMR in BP was 1.59 (95% CI; 1.27 to 1.99) and in ES, 1.43 (95% CI; 1.14 to 1.79). Seven RP of IHM were identified: age, serum creatinine > 2.26 mg/dL, active endocarditis, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure > 60 mmHg, one or more previous HS, CABG combined with valve surgery and diabetes mellitus.Conclusion:Local scores, based on the real situation of local populations, must be developed for better assessment of risk in cardiac surgery.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade dos painéis compensados multilaminados produzidos com lâminas de madeira de Sequoia sempervirens. Foram produzidos em laboratório compensados com cinco lâminas de 2,0 mm de espessura, coladas com resina fenol-formaldeído, com duas diferentes formulações: (A) FF = 100; E = 5; CC = 5; A = 5, e (B) FF = 100; E = 15; CC = 15; A = 15, e duas gramaturas: 280g/m² e 320 g/m². Os painéis foram prensados com pressão específica de 10 kgf/cm², temperatura de 130 ºC e tempo de prensagem de dez minutos. Foram avaliadas as propriedades de resistência da linha de cola aos esforços de cisalhamento e de flexão estática (módulo de elasticidade e módulo de ruptura, paralelo e perpendicular às fibras). De uma forma geral, as diferentes formulações de cola e gramaturas não afetaram significativamente as propriedades dos painéis, o que representa um aspecto importante sob o ponto de vista econômico. A resistência ao cisalhamento e a percentagem de falhas na madeira dos painéis produzidos com a formulação (B) atenderam aos requisitos mínimos da norma EN 314-2 (1993) para painéis de uso externo. Os resultados indicam que as lâminas de Sequoia sempervirens podem ser utilizadas para compor o miolo de painéis compensados para uso externo.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality of plywood made from wood veneers of Sequoia sempervirens. Plywood with five 2.0 mm thick veneers were produced in laboratory and bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resinusing two different formulations: (A) resin = 100, extender = 5, filler = 5,and water = 5; and (B) resin = 100, extender = 15, filler = 15, and water = 15,with two different amounts of glue spread: 280 g/m² and 320 g/m². The panels were pressed with specific pressure of 10 kgf/cm², temperature of 130 ºC, and pressing time of 10 minutes. The properties of the glue line shear strengthand static bending (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture - parallel and perpendicular to the grain) were evaluated. In general, the different glue formulations and amounts of glue spread did not significantly affect the properties of the panels,which represent an important aspect from the economic point of view. The shear strengthand percentage of wood failures of the plywood produced withformulation (B) met the minimum requirements of the EN 314-2 (1993) standard to panels for external use. Results indicate that Sequoia sempervirens veneers can be used to compose the core of plywood for external use.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil antropométrico dos idosos residentes em Campina Grande - PB. Este estudo é populacional, transversal e domiciliar. Os dados são apresentados sob a forma de média, desvio-padrão e percentil (P5, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 e P95) do peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro do braço (PB), dobra cutânea tricipital (DCT), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB), perímetro da panturrilha (PP) e perímetro da cintura (PC). Foi realizado o teste t Student para verificar a diferença dos valores médios das variáveis entre os sexos. Foi realizada a análise de variância (ANOVA) para verificar o efeito da idade nas variáveis. Foram avaliados 806 idosos (60 anos ou mais). Os valores médios de todas as variáveis apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os sexos. As médias das variáveis peso, estatura, CMB, PP e PC foram significativamente maiores entre os homens, enquanto que as médias de IMC, PB e DCT foram significativamente maiores entre as mulheres. Todas as variáveis apresentaram tendência de declínio entre os grupos etários mais avançados. Os resultados mostram que o padrão antropométrico dos idosos deste estudo segue a tendência de outros estudos, no entanto, os valores diferem. Dessa forma, sugere-se que estes possam ser usados para auxiliar na avaliação antropométrica de idosos.

This study aimed to describe the anthropometric information on elderly people in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. It is a populational, cross-sectional household-based study. Data were presented as means, standard deviations and percentiles (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th) for weight, stature, body mass index (BMI), mid upper arm circumference (MAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), arm muscle circumference (AMC), calf circumference (CC) and waist circumference (WC). The analyses included Student t test to detect differences in mean values of the variable between both sexes. Age impact was investigated by ANOVA. A total of 806 elderly people were interviewed. The mean values of the all variables presented differences statistically significant. The mean values of weight, stature, AMC, CC and WC were higher in men, whereas the mean values of BMI, MAC and TST were higher in women. All variables showed a decrease in average values and percentile (50th) with advanced age. The anthropometric and body composition data of the elderly in the present study showed similar trend of others studies, but with different values. Thereby, such values could be useful in the anthropometric assessment of elderly people.

INTRODUÇÃO: A leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) é uma zoonose com diferentes manifestações clínicas. O parasitismo ocorre frequentemente na medula óssea e têm sido relatadas alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas. Objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania chagasi. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se 85 cães adultos, ambos os sexos, peso e idade variados, oriundos do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Fortaleza, selecionados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), sendo considerados positivos os animais com títulos de RIFI > 1:40 e pelo exame parasitológico das formas amastigotas de Leishmania chagasi em esfregaços de medula óssea. Os cães foram agrupados conforme os sinais clínicos associados à doença: negativos (CN=7); subclínicos (CS=10) e clínicos (CC=68). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas para determinação dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos séricos. O protocolo experimental foi aprovado pelo CEUA/UECE, protocolo n° 08622833-1. RESULTADOS: Os sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram caquexia (77,9%), ceratoconjuntivite (61,8%) e linfadenopatia (55,9%), sendo que 86, 8% dos animais apresentaram mais de um sinal clínico característico de LVC. Em CC foram observadas reduções nas hemácias (63%), hematócrito (72%) e hemoglobina (62%), leucocitose (33%), neutropenia (28%), trombocitopenia (50%), uremia (45%), hiperproteinemia (53%, p<0,05), hiperglobulinemia (62%, p<0,01) e hipoalbuminemia (58%). CONCLUSÕES: Concluiu-se que os animais com a forma clínica da doença apresentam alterações condizentes com anemia, uremia, hiperproteinemia e hiperglobulinemia, as quais se apresentam como marcadores clínicos da leishmaniose visceral, associados aos sinais previamente relatados.

INTRODUCTION: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonotic disease with different clinical manifestations. Parasitism often occurs in bone marrow, but changes have been observed in peripheral blood and serum biochemical parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi. METHODS: Eighty-five adult dogs of both sexes and various weights and ages from the Zoonosis Control Center of Fortaleza (CCZ) were used, selected by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and considered positive with IFA titers greater than 1:40 and by visualizing amastigotes of Leishmania chagasi in smears obtained by bone marrow aspiration. The dogs (n = 85) were grouped according to clinical signs: negative (CN = 7), subclinical (CS = 10), and clinical (CC = 68). Blood samples were collected for determination of hematological and biochemical serum values. The experimental protocol was approved by the CEUA/UECE. RESULTS: The most frequent clinical signs were cachexia (77.9%), keratitis (61.8%), and lymphadenopathy (55.9%), and 86.8% of the animals showed more than one clinical sign characteristic of CVL. In CC were observed reductions in red blood cells (63%), hematocrit (72%), and hemoglobin (62%), as well as leukocytosis (33%), neutropenia (28%), thrombocytopenia (50%), uremia (45%), hyperproteinemia (53%, p<0.05), hypergammaglobulinemia (62%, p<0.01), and hypoalbuminemia (58%). CONCLUSIONS: Animals with the clinical form of the disease demonstrate hematological and biochemical changes consistent with anemia, uremia, hyperproteinemia, and hyperglobulinemia, which present themselves as strong clinical markers of visceral leishmaniasis associated with the signs previously reported.

The dyslipidemia associated with excess weight is a risk profile global call for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dyslipidemias and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adolescents, considering sexual maturation. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 432 adolescents from public schools, aged 10-19 years. The correlations between the variables from the lipid profile and the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sexual maturation, familial history and maternal education were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was the most prevalent dyslipidemia (50.5%), regardless of gender. There were significant correlations between triglycerides and BMI (r = 0.30, p<0.01), WC (r = 0.32, p < 0.01) and WHtR (r = 0.33, p < 0.01). The linear model, which took into consideration sexual maturation, age and BMI, explain about 1 to 10.4% of the lipid profile variation. The low HDL-c was the most prevalent dyslipidemia in all adolescents and hypertriglyceridemia was most prevalent in overweight adolescents. Associations between dyslipidemias and anthropometric indicators (BMI and RCA) detected in this study can generate the hypothesis of the risk factors for CVD in adolescents.

La dislipidemia asociada con el exceso de peso es un perfil de riesgo de alcance mundial para la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la asociación entre la dislipemia y otros factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en los adolescentes en edad púber. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 432 adolescentes de escuelas públicas, con edades entre 10-19 años. Estudiando las correlaciones entre las variables del perfil lipídico y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferencia de cintura (CC), la cintura/altura (RCA) y la maduración sexual. Los antecedentes familiares y la educación de la madre se evaluaron mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. La dislipidemia com bajos niveles de HDL-C fue más frecuente (50,5%), independientemente del género. Se observaron correlaciones significativas entre los triglicéridos y el IMC (r = 0,30, p < 0,01), CC (r = 0,32, p < 0,01) y RCA (r = 0,33, p < 0, 01). El modelo lineal, teniendo en cuenta la maduración sexual, la edad, y el IMC, explicó entre el 1 y el 10,4% de la variación del perfil lipídico. Los bajos niveles de HDL-C fueron la dislipidemia más frecuente en todos los adolescentes y la hipertrigliceridemia en adolescentes con sobrepeso. Las asociaciones entre las dis-lipidemias y los indicadores antropométricos (índice de masa corporal y RCA) detectado en este estudio, pueden generar hipótesis acerca de los factores de riesgo de ECV en los adolescentes.

Studies on the relationships between animal nutrition and immunity have sought reliable methodologies to measure responses. Cell-mediated immune response is similarly studied in humans. The cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity test (CBH) is one of the methods to measure that response and consists in the infiltration of inflammatory cells, particularly of lymphocytes and basophils, as result of the application of substances capable of inducing cell proliferation in determined sites, such as wings, wattle, and interdigital space in birds. CBH is considered a simple and fast method and can be applied in birds of different ages. In immunocompetence studies with poultry, phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) is a commonly used substance, despite the variability of the response related to the method of application (intradermal injection) and the antigens used. In the present experiment, PHA-P was used to observe the cell-mediated immune response of 216 chicks fed three dietary levels of vitamin E from 1 to 36 days of age. All birds were immunologically challenged by vaccination against coccidiosis at three days of age and against Newcastle Disease (NCD) at 14 and 30 days of age. At 36 days of age, birds were submitted to the CBH test according to the methodology of Corrier & DeLoach (1990). Birds fed 65mg/kg of vitamin E presented lasting cell reaction (p<0.08), which indicates that this vitamin E level improved cell immune response of birds due to its antioxidant and immunomodulating properties. The use of this vitamin E level can be considered by nutritionists under practical conditions, aiming to improve broiler immunity.

A obesidade apresenta ocorrência crescente em todo o mundo, sendo alimentação inadequada e sedentarismo seus importantes fatores de risco. O objetivo foi avaliar a influência de um programa de intervenção nutricional e exercício físico sobre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC) de mulheres adultas. Trata-se de um estudo quasi-experimental, duração de 12 meses, participando 69 mulheres adultas, submetidas à atividade física três vezes na semana, orientação nutricional e palestras sobre vida saudável, avaliadas ao início, 6 e 12 meses do seguimento. Menores níveis de atividade física e alto consumo de alimentos de risco elevaram em 2,28cm a média da CC das mulheres, quando comparado àquelas que tiveram maiores níveis de atividade física e baixo consumo de alimentos de risco (p < 0,01). Menores níveis de atividade física associados ao elevado consumo de alimentos protetores aumentaram a média do IMC em 0,68 kg/m², em comparação com maiores níveis de atividade física e alto consumo de alimentos protetores. A intervenção mostrou associação positiva com os parâmetros avaliados.

Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, with inadequate nutrition and physical inactivity as the main risk factors. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention and physical activity program on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in adult women. This quasi-experimental study, lasting 12 months, enrolled 69 adult women that reported physical activity three times a week, besides receiving nutritional counseling and lectures on healthy living, evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Lower levels of physical activity and higher intake of high-risk foods were associated with a 2.28cm increase in mean WC, has compared to higher physical activity and lower intake of high-risk foods (p < 0.01). Lower levels of physical activity associated with high intake of protective foods increased the mean BMI by 0.68kg/m², as compared to higher physical activity and high intake of protective foods. The intervention was positively associated with the target parameters.

A obesidade apresenta ocorrência crescente em todo o mundo, sendo alimentação inadequada e sedentarismo seus importantes fatores de risco. O objetivo foi avaliar a influência de um programa de intervenção nutricional e exercício físico sobre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC) de mulheres adultas. Trata-se de um estudo quasi-experimental, duração de 12 meses, participando 69 mulheres adultas, submetidas à atividade física três vezes na semana, orientação nutricional e palestras sobre vida saudável, avaliadas ao início, 6 e 12 meses do seguimento. Menores níveis de atividade física e alto consumo de alimentos de risco elevaram em 2,28cm a média da CC das mulheres, quando comparado àquelas que tiveram maiores níveis de atividade física e baixo consumo de alimentos de risco (p < 0,01). Menores níveis de atividade física associados ao elevado consumo de alimentos protetores aumentaram a média do IMC em 0,68 kg/m², em comparação com maiores níveis de atividade física e alto consumo de alimentos protetores. A intervenção mostrou associação positiva com os parâmetros avaliados.

Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, with inadequate nutrition and physical inactivity as the main risk factors. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention and physical activity program on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in adult women. This quasi-experimental study, lasting 12 months, enrolled 69 adult women that reported physical activity three times a week, besides receiving nutritional counseling and lectures on healthy living, evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Lower levels of physical activity and higher intake of high-risk foods were associated with a 2.28cm increase in mean WC, has compared to higher physical activity and lower intake of high-risk foods (p < 0.01). Lower levels of physical activity associated with high intake of protective foods increased the mean BMI by 0.68kg/m², as compared to higher physical activity and high intake of protective foods. The intervention was positively associated with the target parameters.