Abstract This study was conducted to assess the clinical effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the decontamination of the deep dentin of deciduous molars submitted to partial removal of carious tissue. After cavity preparation, dentin samples were taken from the pulp wall of nineteen deciduous molars before and after PDT application. Remaining dentin was treated with 0.01% methylene blue dye followed by irradiation with an InGaAlP diode laser (λ – 660 nm; 40 mW; 120 J/cm2; 120 s). Dentin samples were microbiologically assessed for the enumeration of total microorganisms, Lactobacillus spp. and mutans streptococci. There was no significant difference in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) for any of the microorganisms assessed (p > 0.05). Photodynamic therapy, using 0.01% methylene blue dye at a dosimetry of 120 J/cm2 would not be a viable clinical alternative to reduce bacterial contamination in deep dentin.

A madeira de florestas plantadas constitui a principal fonte de matéria-prima para produção de painéis aglomerados no Brasil. O aproveitamento dos resíduos florestais para produção desses painéis ainda não foi implementado em nível industrial. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas dos painéis de madeira aglomerada (MDP - medium density particleboard) de três camadas, fabricados industrialmente na linha de produção da empresa Eucatex S.A. Indústria e Comércio, utilizando madeira de Eucalyptus grandis e resíduos industriais madeireiros (material reciclado de paletes e serragem), em diferentes proporções, variando de 10% a 35% em volume. O material foi disponibilizado pela empresa, na unidade industrial MDP localizada no município de Botucatu - SP, onde foram fabricados os painéis em escala industrial. Os ensaios físicos foram realizados no Laboratório de Processo da Eucatex e no Laboratório de Ensaios de Materiais do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP - Botucatu, SP. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que os painéis estudados tiveram bom desempenho físico, atendendo, no geral, as especificações técnicas estabelecidas pelas normas técnicas, mesmo nos tratamentos com as maiores proporções de adições. O teor de umidade final do painel teve efeito nas propriedades estudadas com tendência generalizada de redução nos valores de absorção de água e inchamento em espessura quando o teor de umidade final do painel aumentou de 9% para 12,5%.

In Brazil, the wood from planted forests constitutes the main material source for the production of particleboards. The utilization of forest residues for production of these panels was not implemented in industrial level yet. This work had the objective of evaluating the physical properties of three layers particleboard, industrially manufactured, using wood of Eucalyptus grandis from plantation and industrial wood residues in different ratios (adittion from 10% to 35% in volume). The material (Eucalyptus grandis wood and industrial residues - recycled pallets and sawdust) was supplied by Eucatex S. A. Ind. e Com. located in Botucatu - Sao Paulo State, Brazil, where the panels had been manufactured in Eucatex plant. Physical tests were carried out at the Process Laboratories of Eucatex and in the Materials Testing Laboratory, Rural Engineering Department of the College of Agronomic Sciences - Sao Paulo State University - UNESP. Results revealed that panels had very good physical performance, attending, in general, to all the technical specifications established by the product standards, even in the treatments with higher addition of residues. The final moisture content of the panel presented effect in the properties studied with general trend of reduction in water absorption and swelling in thickness when the moisture content increased from 9% for 12,5%.

Minquartia guianensis, popularly known as acariquara, was phytochemically investigated. The following triterpenes were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of leaves: lupen-3-one (1), taraxer-3-one (2) and oleanolic acid (3). The dichloromethane extract of branches yielded the triterpene 3β-methoxy-lup-20(29)-ene (4). The chemical structures were characterized by NMR data. Plant extracts, substance 3, squalene (5) and taraxerol (6), (5 and 6 previously isolated), were evaluated by in vitro assay against chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum. The dichloromethane extract of leaves and the three triterpenes assayed have shown partial activity. Thus, these results demonstrated that new potential antimalarial natural products can be found even in partially active extracts.

O experimento foi conduzido na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP/Câmpus de Botucatu (SP), com o objetivo de avaliar o florescimento fora de época e o crescimento vegetativo da tangerineira 'Poncã'. Nesse contexto, adotou-se o delineamento estatístico em blocos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas, com duas repetições, na instalação do ensaio. Os dois tratamentos de -0,03 e -0,05 MPa, como potenciais mínimos da água no solo, constituíram as parcelas e as quatro doses de paclobutrazol: 0; 4; 8 e 12 g por planta, nas subparcelas. No segundo ano de pesquisa, foram mantidas as mesmas parcelas e foram aplicadas nas plantas das subparcelas as doses de 0; 500; 1000 e 2000 mg l-1 de paclobutrazol, via foliar. Cada parcela foi constituída de 16 plantas, sendo oito destinadas à avaliação. Utilizou-se, em ambas as combinações, de um tratamento sem irrigação (-0,07 MPa) e sem aplicação de paclobutrazol, como testemunha. Foram avaliados parâmetros, como a altura, diâmetro médio, volume e área de projeção da copa e condutância estomática para caracterizar a resposta das plantas aos tratamentos empregados. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do paclobutrazol e a variação do potencial da água no solo não proporcionaram a indução do florescimento fora de época das tangerineiras, e que os níveis de paclobutrazol influenciaram no desenvolvimento das plantas.

The aim of this research was to study the flowering out of season in no induction conditions and the vegetative development of 'Ponkan' mandarin by irrigation and paclobutrazol application. The experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UNESP/Botucatu, State of São Paulo. The treatments followed a randomized blocks experimental design, being distributed in split-splots, and two replications. Each experimental unit was represented per 16 plants, being 8 destined for the evaluations. The treatments consisted of two soil water potential, -0,03 e -0,05 MPa that constituted the main experimental unit and the paclobutrazol levels that represented the sub units. In the second year of the experiment the units were maintained and it was applied the paclobutrazol: 0; 500; 1000 e 2000 mg L-1, by foliar application, in the plants of the sub units. Both treatments was compared with the treatments without irrigation (control plants: -0,07MPa) and whitout paclobutrazol application plants. It was evaluated the following parameters: height, scion diameter medium, scion projection area, scion volume and stomatic condutance showing the plant's response to treatments. It was concluded that the paclobutrazol application and the irrigation did not influence the plant's flowering out of season and that the paclobutrazol levels influenced the growth of 'Ponkan' mandarin plants.

A demanda por manga tem apresentado crescimento significativo no mercado internacional. No Brasil, a produção de manga apresenta grande potencial de crescimento para exportação. A utilização de técnicas de indução floral e póscolheita tem permitido explorar brechas de mercado, no momento em que se reduz a oferta dos países concorrentes. O Estado de São Paulo tem aumentado a produção e a exportação de manga na última década. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a relação entre a adoção de técnicas de melhoria da qualidade da manga produzida, exigidas na exportação, e a expansão da cultura no Estado de São Paulo. Para a análise da qualidade da manga produzida, utilizou-se como parâmetro o grau de adequação do produtor às normas exigidas nos mercados consumidores, em duas cidades do Estado. A pesquisa de campo mostrou que a adequação aos requisitos exigidos de qualidade tem conformado regiões no Estado de São Paulo, onde o aumento de produção está diretamente relacionado com as exportações. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que essa atividade tem apresentado um retorno econômico atraente aos produtores.

The worldwide demand for mango has been increasing over the last few years. In Brazil, the mango production for exportation has been showing a great possibility of growth, where the use of floral induction and post harvest techniques have helped to participate in new market shares while the supply from other countries has been reduced. In the last decade, the mango production and exportation have been increasing in the São Paulo state. The aim of this work was to analyze the relation between the adoption of new techniques for improving the mango quality required for exportation and the production expansion in the São Paulo state. The producer adaptation degree to the required consuming market norms was used as a parameter for the quality analysis of the produced mango and was performed in two towns of the State. The field survey has shown that there are regions in the State that are adapting themselves to the exportation requirements and this has been having a great influence on the production growth. In addition, this activity has shown to be considerably profitable for producers.