ABSTRACT During acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is persistent deregulation of the immune system that can last up to 8 months after the acute condition is controlled. This, added to other factors, is possibly associated with an increased risk of the appearance and concurrence of autoimmune diseases. The simultaneous occurrence of GBS and ITP has been rarely reported in the literature, and GBS is rarely associated with another autoimmune disease. We present the case of a man who, one month after his recovery from acute moderate COVID-19, presented concurrent GBS and ITP with an adequate response to treatment.

RESUMEN Durante la infección aguda por el SARVS-CoV-2 se produce una desregulación del sistema inmune que puede durar hasta ocho meses después de controlado el cuadro agudo. Esto, sumado a otros factores, posiblemente este asociado con un aumento del riesgo de aparición y concurrencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. La aparición simultanea del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y púrpura trombocitopénica (PTI) se ha reportado poco en la literatura, y el SGB raramente se asocia con otra enfermedad autoinmune. Presentamos el caso de un varón que luego de un mes de tener un cuadro agudo de COVID-19 moderado, presentó concurrentemente SGB y PTI con respuesta adecuada al tratamiento.

ABSTRACT During acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is persistent deregulation of the immune system that can last up to 8 months after the acute condition is controlled. This, added to other factors, is possibly associated with an increased risk of the appearance and concurrence of autoimmune diseases. The simultaneous occurrence of GBS and ITP has been rarely reported in the literature, and GBS is rarely associated with another autoimmune disease. We present the case of a man who, one month after his recovery from acute moderate COVID-19, presented concurrent GBS and ITP with an adequate response to treatment.

RESUMEN Durante la infección aguda por el SARVS-CoV-2 se produce una desregulación del sistema inmune que puede durar hasta ocho meses después de controlado el cuadro agudo. Esto, sumado a otros factores, posiblemente este asociado con un aumento del riesgo de aparición y concurrencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. La aparición simultanea del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y púrpura trombocitopénica (PTI) se ha reportado poco en la literatura, y el SGB raramente se asocia con otra enfermedad autoinmune. Presentamos el caso de un varón que luego de un mes de tener un cuadro agudo de COVID-19 moderado, presentó concurrentemente SGB y PTI con respuesta adecuada al tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To determine and correlate the bone mineral density (BMD) and the biochemical markers of bone metabolism in adults 30 to 40 years old from Lima, Perú, in year 2018. Methods. A total of 84 women and 53 men, 30 to 40 years old from Lima, Perú, were submmited to a descriptive, transversal study. They did not have symptoms nor treatment for bone metabolic diseases. Information about their present health state, personal and familiar physiological and pathological history and physical examinatión were registered. BMD was measured by dual energy-X-ray absorptiometry in spine, hip and forearm. Parathormone, osteocalcine, 25-hidroxi-vitamine-D, luteinizing hormone, estradiol in women, testosterone in men, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline fosfatase, total and fractionated proteins, creatinine were measured in blood; in urine N-telopéptide, calcium and phosphorus by conventional methods. Results. BMD was measured in 62 women and 40 males; 2 women and 1 man had osteoporosis and 3 women and 2 men osteopenia, who were taken out of statistical evaluation; 58 women and 35 men showed a normal BMD. Male subjects had a greater BMD, higher calcium, alkaline fosfatase and creatine blood concentrations than the female ones; 14 women y 2 men had low 25-OH-vitaminaD concentrations. A positive correlation between the BMD and BMI was found. Conclusions. The normal BMD of persons 30 to 40 years old showed a linear figure and there was a positive correlate with the BMI; premature osteoporosis in 2 women and 1 men as well as osteopenia in 3 women y 2 men was found, low concentrations of 25-hidroxi-vitamine-D was detected in 16 persons.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar y correlacionar la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y los marcadores bioquímicos del metabolismo óseo de adultos de 30 a 40 años de Lima, Perú, en el año 2018. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, realizado a 84 mujeres y 53 varones, de 30 a 40 años de edad, residentes en Lima, Perú, sin manifestaciones ni tratamiento de enfermedades metabólicas óseas primarias ni secundarias. Se registró información del estado actual, antecedentes personales fisiológicos, patológicos, familiares y examen clínico. Se midió la DMO por absorciometría dual de rayos X en columna, cadera y antebrazo; en sangre, parathormona, osteocalcina, 25-hidroxi-vitamina-D, hormona luteinizante, estradiol en las mujeres, testosterona en los varones, calcio sérico, fósforo sérico, fosfatasa alcalina, proteínas totales y fracciones, creatinina; en orina N-telopéptido de enlaces de colágeno tipo I, calcio y fósforo, por métodos convencionales. Resultados. La DMO se efectuó a 62 mujeres y 40 varones; 2 mujeres y 1 varón tuvieron osteoporosis, y 3 mujeres y 2 varones osteopenia, retirados para la evaluación estadística; 58 mujeres y 35 varones tuvieron una DMO normal. Los varones tuvieron mayor DMO y concentraciones mayores de calcio, fosfatasa alcalina y creatinina; 14 mujeres y 2 varones tuvieron cifras bajas de 25-OH-vitaminaD. Hubo correlación positiva entre DMO y el IMC. Conclusiones. La DMO normal de personas de 30 a 40 años de Lima fue lineal y hubo una relación positiva con el IMC; hubo osteoporosis en 2 mujeres y 1 varón, osteopenia en 3 mujeres y 2 varones, cifras bajas de 25-hidroxi-vitamina-D en 16 personas.

The effectiveness of four sperm separation techniques on thawed ovine semen was evaluated. A hundred and sixty straws with 0.5 ml of semen with a concentration of 200x10(6)/ml were used. In each work session, four straws were thawed at 37.5ºC for 45 sec mixing their contents. Then, 200 µl were taken to perform one of the following techniques: Swim-up, Percoll, filtering through glass fiber or filtering through Sephadex. Increased progressive motility of spermatozoids was obtained through swim-up, glass fiber and Sephadex (56.1%, 66.4%, and 56.8%, respectively), which was significantly different (p<0.05) in those recovered from glass fiber. The numbers of live spematozoids with acrosome reaction were high with all the separation techniques, with a significant difference (p<0.05) in those obtained from swim-up, glass fiber and Sephadex, whose values were higher than 50.0%. The numbers of dead spermatozoids, with and without acrosome reaction, were low in all the techniques, with the exception of those obtained by Percoll, which was significantly different (p<0.05) to the control, excepting those obtained by Sephadex and swim-up when the dead ones with acrosome reaction were evaluated. When evaluating live spermatozoids without acrosome reaction, a low value of this indicator was found in all the treatments (13.1, 9.1, 9.3 and 10.8%, swim-up, Percoll, glass fiber and Sephadex, respectively. The sperm viability evaluated with the hypo-osmotic test and propidium iodide concluded that a higher percentage of live spermatozoids were obtained when they were filtered with glass fiber (73.0% and 68.3%, hypo-osmotic test and propidium iodide, respectively); no significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between these two last test.

Se evaluó la efectividad de cuatro técnicas de separación espermática en semen descongelado de ovino. Se utilizaron 160 pajillas de 0.5 ml, con una concentración de 200X10(6)/ml. En cada sesión de trabajo se descongelaron 4 pajillas a 37.5ºC por 45 segundos, y se mezcló el contenido de ellas. Se tomaron 200 µl para realizar cada una de las siguientes técnicas: swim-up, Percoll, filtración a través de fibra de vidrio y filtración por Sephadex. La movilidad progresiva de los espermatozoides se incrementó en las pruebas obtenidas mediante swim-up, fibra de vidrio y Sephadex (56.1%, 66.4% y 56.8%, respectivamente), con diferencia significativa (p< 0.05). Los espermatozoides vivos con reacción acrosomal se incrementaron en todas las técnicas de separación espermática, con una diferencia significativa (p<0.05) en los obtenidos con swim-up, fibra de vidrio y Sephadex, cuyos valores fueron superiores al 50.0%. Los espermatozoides muertos, con y sin reacción acrosomal, disminuyeron en todas las técnicas con excepción de los obtenidos mediante Percoll, en el que se observó una diferencia significativa (p<0.05) con relación al control, con excepción de los obtenidos mediante swim-up y Sephadex al evaluar los muertos con reacción acrosomal. Al evaluar los espermatozoides vivos sin RA, se encontró una disminución de este indicador en todos los tratamientos (13.1, 9.1, 9.3 y 10.8%, swim-up, Percoll, fibra de vidrio y Sephadex, respectivamente). La viabilidad espermática evaluada con la prueba hipoosmótica y Ioduro de propidio, determinaron que se obtienen un mayor porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos cuando son filtrados con fibra de vidrio (73.0% y 68.3%, prueba hipoosmótica e Ioduro de propidio, respectivamente); no se observa diferencia significativa (p>0.05) entre estas dos últimas pruebas.