OBJETIVO: avaliar os padrões dentofaciais de pacientes portadores de oclusão normal e más oclusões de Angle quanto a possíveis diferenças entre as grandezas estudadas, em relação ao sexo, dentro de cada grupo e entre os grupos. MÉTODOS: a amostra constou de 200 telerradiografias cefalométricas laterais obtidas de jovens brasileiros, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 11 anos e 2 meses a 19 anos e 10 meses, apresentando dentição permanente. O material foi dividido, quanto ao tipo de oclusão, em cinco grupos: um de pacientes portadores de oclusão normal, e quatro de pacientes portadores de más oclusões de Angle, sendo cada grupo dividido igualmente quanto ao sexo. Foram avaliadas grandezas cefalométricas angulares e lineares. RESULTADOS: na grande maioria das grandezas, os sexos masculino e feminino não diferiram; entre os grupos, a posição da maxila não mostrou diferença significativa, o retrognatismo mandibular foi marcante nos grupos de Classe II divisões 1ª e 2ª e foram observados alguns desequilíbrios verticais com diferenças significativas; o padrão foi hipodivergente para os grupos de oclusão normal e Classe II, divisão 2ª, e neutro para os grupos de Classe I; Classe II, divisão 1ª; e Classe III; a compensação dentoalveolar foi evidente nos grupos de Classe III e de Classe II, divisão 2ª; o grupo de oclusão normal apresentou perfil mais convexo que os padrões americanos. CONCLUSÃO: foi possível configurar, de forma geral, algumas características da morfologia facial para alguns tipos de más oclusões. Entretanto, existe a necessidade de avaliar a face individualmente, pois algumas características permeiam entre os diferentes tipos de oclusão.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the dentofacial patterns in patients presenting normal occlusion and Angle malocclusions, evaluating the possible differences in the studied measurements, considering the gender, the differences within each group and the differences among the groups. METHODS: The sample comprised 200 lateral cephamometric radiographs of young Brazilian subjects, from both genders, with average age between 11 years and 2 months and 19 years and 10 months. The sample was classified according to the type of occlusion into five groups: one group with subjects presenting normal malocclusions, and four groups with subjects presenting Angle malocclusions. Each group was equally divided according to the gender of subjects. Angular and linear measurements were evaluated in this study. RESULTS: For most measurements, males and females did not differ; among the groups, the position of the maxilla did not show a significant difference, mandibular retrognathia was notable in the groups with Class II division 1 and 2, with a few vertical imbalances with significant differences were observed; the pattern was hypodivergent for the groups with normal occlusion and Class II division 1; and neutral for Class I, Class II division 1 and Class III groups; dentoalveolar compensation was evident in Class III and Class II division 2 groups; the normal occlusion group had a more convex profile than American standards. CONCLUSION: It was possible to generally construct a few characteristics of facial morphology for some types of malocclusion. However, there is the need to individually evaluate each face, as some characteristics prevail among the different occlusion types.

INTRODUCTION: Anterior cruciate ligament ruptures are frequent, especially in sports. Surgical reconstruction with autologous grafts is widely employed in the international literature. Controversies remain with respect to technique variations as continuous research for improvement takes place. One of these variations is the anatomical double bundle technique, which is performed instead of the conventional single bundle technique. More recently, there has been a tendency towards positioning the two bundles through double bone tunnels in the femur and tibia (anatomical reconstruction). OBJECTIVES: To compare, through biomechanical tests, the practice of anatomical double bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a patellar graft to conventional single bundle reconstruction with the same amount of patellar graft in a paired experimental cadaver study. METHODS: Nine pairs of male cadaver knees ranging in age from 44 to 63 years were randomized into two groups: group A (single bundle) and group B (anatomical reconstruction). Each knee was biomechanically tested under three conditions: intact anterior cruciate ligament, reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, and injured anterior cruciate ligament. Maximum anterior dislocation, rigidity, and passive internal tibia rotation were recorded with knees submitted to a 100 N horizontal anterior dislocation force applied to the tibia with the knees at 30, 60 and 90 degrees of flexion. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two techniques for any of the measurements by ANOVA tests. CONCLUSION: The technique of anatomical double bundle reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft has a similar biomechanical behavior with regard to anterior tibial dislocation, rigidity, and passive internal tibial rotation.