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Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

Seasonal variation of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in goats and sheep in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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CASTRO, Rogério Lean Pereira

; BRITO, Danilo Rodrigues Barros

; PIRES FILHO, Pedro Celestino Serejo

; SOARES, Swênia Christina Pinheiro

; CUNHA, Arnon Reis

; PINHEIRO, Dara Maria da Costa

; PINHEIRO, Yasmin Suelen Alves

; BUNA, Nayla Helena Silva

; CASTRO, Maria Leiciane Paiva

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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2023, Volume 24 elocation e20230020

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the seasonal variation of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in goats and sheep in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectal ampulla of the animals to count the eggs per gram in the feces at 30-day intervals over the 12-month study period. This study included 40 small ruminants, comprising 22 goats (14 sows, 6 kids, and 2 sires) and 18 sheep (13 sows, 4 lambs, and 1 sire). The study assessed the variation in the excretion of gastrointestinal nematode eggs during the dry and rainy seasons. Coproculture was performed to identify third-stage larvae. In the 12 months of research and monthly sample collections, 95.9% and 82.3% of the eggs detected were endoparasites in the fecal samples of the goats and sheep, respectively. Eimeria spp. oocysts were present in 50.6% and 30.4% of the goat and sheep fecal samples, respectively. The results indicated that the mean number of eggs per gram of feces was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season in both goats and sheep. The genera of gastrointestinal nematodes identified via monthly coproculture tests were Haemonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., and Oesophagostomum sp. Thus, gastrointestinal nematode parasitism was higher in goats and sheep during the rainy season than in the dry season, and the genera Haemonchus sp. and Trichostrongylus sp. were the most prevalent.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as infecções por parasitas gastrintestinais em caprinos e ovinos de acordo com a variação sazonal no município de São Luís, estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Foram realizadas colheitas de amostras de fezes diretamente das ampolas retais dos animais a cada 30 dias do experimento para contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes no período de 12 meses. Um total de 40 pequenos ruminantes foram utilizados no presente estudo. Destes, 22 eram caprinos (14 matrizes, 6 cabritos e 2 reprodutores) e 18 ovinos (13 matrizes, 4 cordeiros e 1 reprodutor). Foi mensurada a variação na excreção de ovos de nematoides gastrintestinais durante o período seco e chuvoso. Foi realizada cultura e identificação das larvas de terceiro estágio. Considerando os 12 meses de pesquisa e a quantidade de coletas mensais, o número de ovos detectados nas amostras fecais de caprinos e de ovinos foram de 95,9 e 82,3% de endoparasitos, respectivamente. Quanto à presença de oocistos de Eimeria spp, foi identificada frequência de 50,6% em caprinos e 30,4% em ovinos. Os resultados indicaram que, no período chuvoso a média dos ovos por grama de fezes foi maior, para as duas espécies estudadas. Os gêneros de nematoides gastrintestinais identificados recuperados da coprocultura, realizado mensalmente, revelou presença de Haemonchus sp. seguido por Trichostrongylus sp. e Oesophagostomum sp. Conclui-se que no período chuvoso o parasitismo por nematóides gastrintestinais em caprinos e ovinos foi maior e os gêneros Haemonchus sp. e Trichostrongylus sp. foram os mais prevalentes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1519-994020230020

Resistance of gastrointestinal nematoids of goats and sheep to the antihelmintics levamisol, ivermectin and albendazole
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Soares, Swênia Christina Pinheiro

; Reis, Arnon Cunha

; Castro, Rogério Lean Pereira

; Pires Filho, Pedro Celestino Serejo

; Cabral, Celecina Saraiva Martins

; Diniz Júnior, Durval Oliveira

; Costa, Camila Barros

; Pinheiro, Dara Maria da Costa

; Pinheiro, Yasmin Suelen Alves

; Buna, Nayla Helena Silva

; Costa Júnior, Livio Martins

; Brito, Danilo Rodrigues Barros

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2023, Volume 24 elocation e-75316E

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats and sheep to the anthelmintic drugs levamisole, ivermectin, and albendazole in the metropolitan region of São Luís Island, Maranhão, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected from 150 animals across four different farms; two farms had goats, and the other two had sheep. The samples were then randomly divided into three to four groups of 10 animals: Group I: control, without treatment; Group II: ivermectin treatment; Group III: levamisole treatment; and Group IV: albendazole treatment. Stool samples were collected from the rectal ampulla one day before treatment and 10 days after anthelmintic treatment. Individual coproparasitological examinations were performed using the modified McMaster technique at the Animal Health Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Maranhão, Campus São Luís-Maracanã. The efficacies of the anthelmintic drugs against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats and sheep were: 14.28%, and 13.6% for ivermectin; 0% and 79.4% for levamisole; and 59.8% and 3.43% for albendazole, respectively Gastrointestinal nematodes demonstrated multiple anthelmintic resistance, as the percentage reduction in egg count was less than 95% and the lower limit of the confidence interval was less than 90%.

Resumo Objetivou-se determinar a resistência de nematoides gastrintestinais aos anti-helmínticos levamisol, ivermectina e albendazol em caprinos e ovinos da região metropolitana da Ilha de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de fezes de 150 animais de quatro propriedades diferentes, sendo 2 com caprinos e 2 com ovinos, e aleatoriamente distribuídos de três a quatro grupos de 10 animais: Grupo I: grupo controle, sem tratamento. Grupo II: tratado com anti-helmíntico à base de ivermectina, administrado oralmente na dose de 200 mcg/kg; Grupo III: tratado com anti-helmíntico à base de levamisol, administrado oralmente na dose de 7,5mg/kg e Grupo IV: tratado com anti-helmíntico à base de albendazol administrado oralmente na dose de 3mg/kg. Amostras de fezes foram colhidas da ampola retal um dia antes do tratamento e 10 dias após o tratamento anti-helmíntico. Foram feitos exames coproparasitológicos individuais, pela técnica de McMaster modificada, no Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, do Instituto Federal do Maranhão (IFMA), Campus São Luís-Maracanã. A ivermectina, na espécie caprina, mostrou eficácia de 14,28%, enquanato para ovina, 13,6 e 52,2%. Considerando o levamisol na espécie caprina, não apresentou eficácia contra os nematoides gastrintestinais, enquanto para ovinos, apresentou eficácia de 79,4%. Já o albendazol, apresentou eficácia de 59,8% para caprinos, e 3,43% para ovinos. Os nematoides gastrintestinais demonstraram resistência múltipla (RAM), visto que a percentagem de redução da contagem de ovos foi inferior a 95% e o limite inferior do intervalo de confiança menor do que 90%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v24e-75316e

[SciELO Preprints] - Food and Nutritional Surveillance System: temporal trend of coverage and nutritional status of adults registered, 2008-2019
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Silva, Ruth Pereira Costa Vergara, Clarice Maria Araújo Chagas Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho Vasconcelos Filho, José Eurico Strozberg, Felipe Ferreira Neto, José Fernando Rodrigues Mafra, Matheus Leite Pirani Garcia Filho, Carlos Carioca, Antonio Augusto Ferreira

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Publication date: 2022-02-09

Abstract: En Es Pt

Objective: To analyze temporal trend of Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) coverage and nutritional status of adults followed up in Primary Health Care in Brazil, 2008-2019. Methods: Ecological time series study with data from Brazilian macro-regions. Annual percent change in nutritional status classification and total coverage were estimated by Prais-Winsten regression. Results: 115,034,534 records were identified in the period. The coverage was from 5.0% in 2008 to 10.6% in 2019, with an annual change of 8.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 6.7;10.0). Obesity showed an increasing trend between 2008 and 2019, with an annual change of 6.4% (95%CI 5.3;7.3), as did overweight (1.8% – 95%CI 1.2;2.5). Underweight (-7.0% – 95%CI -8.0;-6.1) and eutrophy (-3.8% – 95%CI -4.1;-3.4) decreased in the period. Conclusion: An improvement in SISVAN coverage was identified, but accompanied by an increase in overweight and obesity.

Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal de la cobertura del Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional (SISVAN) y del estado nutricional de los adultos acompañados en la Atención Primaria de Brasil, 2008-2019. Métodos: Estudio de series temporales ecológico con datos de macrorregiones brasileñas. La variación porcentual anual del estado nutricional y la cobertura total se estimaron mediante regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Fueran 115.034.534 registros en el periodo. La cobertura pasó del 5,0% en 2008 al 10,6% en 2019, con una variación anual del 8,4% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 6,7;10,0). La obesidad mostró tendencia creciente entre 2008 y 2019, con variación anual del 6,4% (IC95% 5,3;7,3), al igual que el sobrepeso (1,8% – IC95% 1,2;2,5). El bajo peso (-7,0% – IC95% -8,0;-6,1) y la eutrofia (-3,8% – IC95% -4,1;-3,4) disminuyeron en el periodo. Conclusión: Se identificó mejora en la cobertura del SISVAN, pero acompañada de un aumento del sobrepeso y la obesidad.

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) e do estado nutricional, entre adultos acompanhados na Atenção Primária à Saúde do Brasil, 2008-2019. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais, sobre dados das macrorregiões brasileiras. A variação percentual anual da classificação do estado nutricional e da cobertura total foi estimada pela regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Foram identificados 115.034.534 registros no período. A cobertura passou de 5,0% em 2008 para 10,6% em 2019, com variação anual de 8,4% (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 6,7;10,0). A obesidade apresentou tendência crescente entre 2008 e 2019, com variação anual de 6,4% (IC95% 5,3;7,3), assim como o sobrepeso (1,8%– IC95% 1,2;2,5). Já o baixo peso (-7,0% – IC95% -8,0;-6,1) e a eutrofia (-3,8% – IC95% -4,1;-3,4) decresceram no período. Conclusão: Identificou-se melhora na cobertura do SISVAN, tendo-se observado aumento de excesso de peso e obesidade na população estudada.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742022000100019

Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional: tendência temporal da cobertura e estado nutricional de adultos registrados, 2008-2019
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Silva, Ruth Pereira Costa

; Vergara, Clarice Maria Araújo Chagas

; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho

; Vasconcelos Filho, José Eurico

; Strozberg, Felipe

; Ferreira Neto, José Fernando Rodrigues

; Mafra, Matheus Leite Pirani

; Garcia Filho, Carlos

; Carioca Filho, Antonio Augusto Ferreira

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2022, Volume 31 N. 1 elocation e2021605

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a tendência temporal da cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan) e do estado nutricional, entre adultos acompanhados na Atenção Primária à Saúde do Brasil, 2008-2019. Métodos Estudo ecológico de séries temporais, sobre dados das macrorregiões brasileiras. A variação percentual anual da classificação do estado nutricional e da cobertura total foi estimada pela regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados Foram identificados 115.034.534 registros no período. A cobertura passou de 5,0% em 2008 para 10,6% em 2019, com variação anual de 8,4%, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95% 6,7;10,0) A obesidade apresentou tendência crescente entre 2008 e 2019, com variação anual de 6,4% (IC95% 5,3;7,3), assim como o sobrepeso (1,8%; IC95% 1,2;2,5). Já o baixo peso (-7,0%; IC95% -8,0;-6,1) e a eutrofia (-3,8%; IC95% -4,1;-3,4) decresceram no período. Conclusão Identificou-se melhora na cobertura do Sisvan, tendo-se observado aumento de excesso de peso e obesidade na população estudada.

Abstract Objective To analyze the temporal trend of Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) coverage and nutritional status of adults undergoing follow-up in the Brazilian Primary Health Care, 2008-2019. Methods This was an ecological time series study using data on Brazilian macro-regions. The annual percent change in the classification of nutritional status and total coverage was estimated using the Prais-Winsten regression model. Results A total of 115,034,534 records were identified in the period. Coverage increased from 5.0% in 2008 to 10.6% in 2019, with an annual change of 8.4%, 95% confidence interval (95%CI 6.7;10.0). Obesity and overweight showed a rising trend between 2008 and 2019, with an annual change of 6.4% (95%CI 5.3;7.3) and (1.8%; 95%CI 1.2;2.5) respectively, while underweight (-7.0%; 95%CI -8.0;-6.1) and eutrophy (-3.8%; 95%CI -4.1;-3.4) decreased in the period. Conclusion There was an improvement in SISVAN coverage, with an increase in overweight and obesity among the population studied.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la tendencia temporal de la cobertura del Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional (Sisvan) y del estado nutricional de los adultos acompañados en la Atención Primaria de Brasil, 2008-2019. Métodos Estudio ecológico de series emporales con datos de las macrorregiones brasileñas. La variación porcentual anual del estado nutricional y la cobertura total se estimaron mediante regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados Fueran 115.034.534 registros en el periodo. La cobertura pasó del 5,0% en 2008 al 10,6% en 2019, con una variación anual del 8,4%, intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC95% 6,7;10,0). La obesidad mostró tendencia creciente entre 2008 y 2019, con variación anual del 6,4% (IC95% 5,3;7,3), al igual que el sobrepeso (1,8%; IC95% 1,2;2,5). El bajo peso (-7,0%; IC95% -8,0; -6,1) y la eutrofia (-3,8%; IC95% -4,1; -3,4) disminuyeron en el periodo. Conclusión Se identificó mejora en la cobertura del Sisvan, pero acompañada de un aumento del sobrepeso y de obesidad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742022000100019

Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional: tendência temporal da cobertura e estado nutricional de adultos registrados, 2008-2019
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Silva, Ruth Pereira Costa

; Vergara, Clarice Maria Araújo Chagas

; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho

; Vasconcelos Filho, José Eurico

; Strozberg, Felipe

; Ferreira Neto, José Fernando Rodrigues

; Mafra, Matheus Leite Pirani

; Garcia Filho, Carlos

; Carioca, Antonio Augusto Ferreira

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2022, Volume 31 N. 1 elocation e2021605

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742022000100019

Pneumatosis intracranialis: a rare association of cerebral air embolism and mesenteric ischemia
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PADILHA, Igor Gomes

; PEREIRA, Helena Alves Costa

; PEREIRA, Flávia Fajardo Linhares

; ZACHARIAS JUNIOR, Sérgio

; ROCHA, Antônio José da

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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dec 2021, Volume 79 N. 12 Pages 1155 - 1155

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0285 1 downloads

Chronic use of hydroxychloroquine did not protect against COVID-19 in a large cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases in Brazil
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Pileggi, Gecilmara Salviato

; Ferreira, Gilda Aparecida

; Gomides Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro

; Reis Neto, Edgard Torres

; Abreu, Mirhelen Mendes

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires

; Araújo, Nafice Costa

; Bacchiega, Ana Beatriz

; Bianchi, Dante Valdetaro

; Bica, Blanca

; Bonfa, Eloisa Duarte

; Borba, Eduardo Ferreira

; Brito, Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto

; Duarte, Ângela Luzia Branco Pinto

; Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro Espírito

; Fernandes, Paula Reale

; Guimarães, Mariana Peixoto

; Gomes, Kirla Wagner Poti

; Kakehasi, Adriana Maria

; Klumb, Evandro Mendes

; Lanna, Cristina Costa Duarte

; Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes

; Monticielo, Odirlei André

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique

; Munhoz, Gabriela Araújo

; Paiva, Eduardo Santos

; Pereira, Helena Lucia Alves

; Provenza, José Roberto

; Ribeiro, Sandra Lucia Euzébio

; Rocha Junior, Laurindo Ferreira

; Sampaio, Camila Santana Justo Cintra

; Sampaio, Vanderson Souza

; Sato, Emília Inoue

; Skare, Thelma

; de Souza, Viviane Angelina

; Valim, Valeria

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Pinheiro, Marcelo Medeiros

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 60

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: There is a lack of information on the role of chronic use of hydroxychloroquine during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of COVID-19 between rheumatic disease patients on hydroxychloroquine with individuals from the same household not taking the drug during the first 8 weeks of community viral transmission in Brazil. Methods: This baseline cross-sectional analysis is part of a 24-week observational multi-center study involving 22 Brazilian academic outpatient centers. All information regarding COVID-19 symptoms, epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data were recorded on a specific web-based platform using telephone calls from physicians and medical students. COVID-19 was defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BMH) criteria. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Exact Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis and two binary Final Logistic Regression Model by Wald test were developed using a backward-stepwise method for the presence of COVID-19. Results: From March 29th to May 17st, 2020, a total of 10,443 participants were enrolled, including 5166 (53.9%) rheumatic disease patients, of whom 82.5% had systemic erythematosus lupus, 7.8% rheumatoid arthritis, 3.7% Sjögren’s syndrome and 0.8% systemic sclerosis. In total, 1822 (19.1%) participants reported flu symptoms within the 30 days prior to enrollment, of which 3.1% fulfilled the BMH criteria, but with no significant difference between rheumatic disease patients (4.03%) and controls (3.25%). After adjustments for multiple confounders, the main risk factor significantly associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis was lung disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.03-2.58); and for rheumatic disease patients were diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.19-6.63) and glucocorticoids above 10 mg/ day (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31-3.19). In addition, a recent influenza vaccination had a protective effect (OR 0.674; 95% CI 0.46-0.98). Conclusion: Patients with rheumatic disease on hydroxychloroquine presented a similar occurrence of COVID-19 to household cohabitants, suggesting a lack of any protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; RBR - 9KTWX6).

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-021-00217-0 22 downloads

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: children and adolescents
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Nabarrete, Juliana Moura

; Pereira, Andrea Z

; Garófolo, Adriana

; Seber, Adriana

; Venancio, Angela Mandelli

; Grecco, Carlos Eduardo Setanni

; Bonfim, Carmem Maria Sales

; Nakamura, Claudia Harumi

; Fernandes, Daieni

; Campos, Denise Johnsson

; Oliveira, Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli

; Cousseiro, Flávia Krüger

; Rossi, Flávia Feijó Panico

; Gurmini, Jocemara

; Viani, Karina Helena Canton

; Guterres, Luciana Fernandes

; Mantovani, Luiz Fernando Alves Lima

; Darrigo Junior, Luiz Guilherme

; Albuquerque, Maria Isabel Brandão Pires e

; Brumatti, Melina

; Neves, Mirella Aparecida

; Duran, Natália

; Villela, Neysimelia Costa

; Zecchin, Victor Gottardello

; Fernandes, Juliana Folloni

einstein (São Paulo)

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2021, Volume 19 elocation eAE5254

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O Consenso Brasileiro de Nutrição em Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoiéticas: crianças e adolescentes foi elaborado com a participação de nutricionistas, médicos nutrólogos e médicos hematologistas pediátricos de 10 centros brasileiros que são referência em transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O objetivo foi salientar a importância do estado nutricional e da composição corporal durante o tratamento, bem como as principais características relacionadas à avaliação nutricional do paciente. As intenções, ao se estabelecer o consenso, foram aprimorar e padronizar a terapia nutricional durante o transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O consenso foi aprovado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Médula Óssea.

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Children and Adolescents was developed by dietitians, physicians, and pediatric hematologists from 10 Brazilian reference centers in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim was to emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well as the main characteristics related to patient´s nutritional assessment. This consensus is intended to improve and standardize nutrition therapy during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The consensus was approved by the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ae5254

10.

FINANCIAMENTO PÚBLICO (FIES E PROUNI) PARA O ENSINO DE MEDICINA NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA E AS DISTORÇÕES CRIADAS
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NASSAR, LEONARDO MASO

; COUTO, MARIA HELENA DA COSTA

; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, GERSON ALVES

Educação em Revista

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2021, Volume 37 elocation e25246

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO: As pressões da sociedade, após a expansão do ensino superior privado, resultou na criação do FIES e do PROUNI. Com o aumento do número de novas escolas de Medicina em decorrência da Lei do Programa Mais Médicos, novas pressões poderão ocorrer por conta de vagas ociosas, inadimplência dos estudantes ou redução dos incentivos govervanemtais. O objetivo deste artigo é mapear os estudos acerca do financiamento estudantil para o ensino superior no Brasil e realizar uma discussão relacionando os achados com a situação da graduação de medicina no Brasil. Utilizou-se como método a Scooping review do Joanna Briggs Institute com os descritores: financiamento governamental, privatização e instituições acadêmicas. 134 artigos foram encontrados para uma seleção final de 11 trabalhos. Os resultados evidenciaram a importância do auxílio governamental para a organizações privadas de ensino, incentivando a expansão do segmento. Para o ensino de Medicina, a expansão privada é motivo de alerta pela qualidade questionável de muitas instituições.

ABSTRACT: Pressure from society, following the expansion of private higher education, resulted in the creation of FIES and PROUNI. With the increase in the number of new medical schools as a result of the More Doctors Program Law, new pressures may occur due to vacant seats, student default, or the reduction of government incentives. The objective of this article is to map the studies on student financing for higher education in Brazil and to conduct a discussion relating the findings to the situation of undergraduate medical education in Brazil. The method used was the Scooping review of the Joanna Briggs Institute with the descriptors: government financing, privatization and academic institutions. 134 articles were found for a final selection of 11 papers. The results showed the importance of government aid for private educational organizations, encouraging the expansion of the segment. For medical education, private expansion is a cause for concern due to the questionable quality of many institutions.

RESUMEN: Las presiones de la sociedad, con la expansión de la educación superior privada, resultaran en la creación del FIES y PROUNI. Con el aumento del número de nuevas escuelas de medicina como resultado del Programa Más Médicos, pueden surgir nuevas presiones debido a vacantes, incumplimiento de estudiantes o reducción de incentivos gubernamentales. El objetive es mapear los estudios sobre financiamiento de estudiantes para la educación superior en Brasil y realizar una discusión relacionando los hallazgos con la situación del pregrado en medicina en Brasil. El método fue revisión de scooping del Instituto Joanna Briggs, con mnemónico PCC, siendo financiamiento gubernamental para la población; privatización, por concepto, e instituciones académicas, por contexto. Se encontraron 134 artículos para una selección final de 11 trabajos. Los resultados mostraron la importancia de la ayuda gubernamental para las organizaciones educativas privadas, fomentando la expansión del segmento. Para la educación médica, la expansión de la red privada es motivo de advertencia por la cuestionable calidad de muchas instituciones.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-469825246 127 downloads

11.

Prevalence of dental anomalies and bone alterations in children’s panoramic radiographies
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REIS, Jéssica Costa

; FRAGA, May Anny Alves

; DE-AZEVEDO-VAZ, Sérgio Lins

; MIOTTO, Maria Helena Monteiro de Barros

; PEREIRA, Teresa Cristina Rangel

; CAMISASCA, Danielle Resende

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia

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2020, Volume 68 elocation e20200058

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a prevalência das anomalias dentárias de número, posição e forma, além da presença de alterações ósseas, por meio de radiografias panorâmicas. Métodos Levantamento das anomalias dentárias e alterações ósseas em crianças de 6 a 12 anos, com radiografia panorâmica registrada no Banco de Imagens Radiográficas da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo nos anos de 2012 a 2016. Foram registradas informações clínico-demográficas referentes aos pacientes atendidos. As fichas clínicas foram recuperadas para obtenção da história médica de síndromes ou outras doenças que interfiram nas anomalias e alterações. Foram realizados os testes estatísticos qui-quadrado ou exato de Fischer. Resultados Foram encontradas 83 radiografias panorâmicas que mostravam algum tipo de alteração em 301 analisadas. Foram descritas 169 anomalias ou alterações (média de 2,04±1,38 anomalias/paciente), envolvendo 201 dentes. A anomalia mais prevalente foi a impactação (26,63%) que afetou mais os caninos, seguida da hipodontia (24,26%) que ocorreu mais em segundos pré-molares, em ambas o sexo feminino foi mais acometido. A hiperdontia e as lesões radiolúcidas tiveram a mesma prevalência (18,93%), os dentes mais acometidos foram da região ântero-superior e os primeiros molares inferiores, respectivamente. As menos prevalentes foram dilaceração (7,69%), taurodontia (2,37%) e lesões radiopacas (1,18%). As anomalias ósseas estavam significativamente mais em mandíbula e na região posterior, o que confirma a prevalência em molares inferiores. Conclusão Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao gênero. Mas houve alta prevalência de anomalias e alterações na população estudada, o que denota a importância do diagnóstico por meio desse importante exame complementar.

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the prevalence of dental anomalies in terms of number, position and shape, and the presence of bone alterations, through analysis of panoramic radiographs. Methods This study evaluated dental anomalies and bone alterations in children aged 6 to 12 years-old, detected on panoramic radiographies recorded in the radiographic database of the Federal University of Espírito Santo between 2012 and 2016. Clinical and demographic information were registered. Dental records were retrieved to obtain the medical history involving syndromes or other diseases that may interfere with the anomalies and alterations. Chi-square and exact Fischer’s statistical tests were performed. Results There were alterations in 83 out of 301 panoramic radiographs analyzed. There were 169 anomalies or alterations (mean of 2,04±1,38 anomalies/patient), involving 201 teeth. The most prevalent anomaly was tooth impaction (26.63%), which affected the canines more frequently, followed by hypodontia (24.26%), more often found in the second premolar, and both affected mostly females. Hyperdontia and radiolucent lesions showed the same prevalence (18.93%), the most affected teeth were those of the anterosuperior region and the first mandibular molars, respectively. The least prevalent anomalies were dilaceration (7.69%), taurodontism (2.37%) and radiopaque lesions (1.18%). Bone alterations were significantly more found in mandible and in the posterior region, which confirms the prevalence in the lower molars. Conclusion Although there was no statistically significant difference regarding sex, there was a high prevalence of anomalies and alterations in our study population, which indicates the importance of its diagnosis by means of a panoramic x-ray examination.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720200005820180073 690 downloads

12.

The halo sign as a chest computed tomography finding of COVID-19
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Farias, Lucas de Pádua Gomes de

; Pereira, Helena Alves Costa

; Anastacio, Eduardo Pinheiro Zarattini

; Minenelli, Fernanda Formagio

; Teles, Gustavo Borges da Silva

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volume 18 elocation eAI5742

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ai5742 4427 downloads

13.

Nutrition in Multiple Sclerosis: An integrative review of scientific publications from the last 5 years
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Silva, Bruna Yhang da Costa

; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho

; D'Almeida, José Artur Costa

; Melo, Maria Luisa Pereira de

Revista chilena de nutrición

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jun 2019, Volume 46 N. 3 Pages 230 - 238

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the profile of scientific production related to the nutritional aspects of the etiology and/or progress of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We conducted an integrative review that analyzed 64 works published in English, Spanish or Portuguese between 2012 and 2017 on the relationship between nutrition and MS. There was a predominance of studies in humans (54.0%, n= 34) and randomized clinical trials (38.3%, n= 13). The association between vitamin D and etiology progression and/or development of disabilities resulting from MS was the most studied aspect (30.2%, n= 19), followed by studies that evaluated the importance of fat concentration and/or types for MS risk (22.2%, n= 14), and research that analyzed the role of antioxidant vitamins (19.0%; n= 12) in the disease development and/ or evolution. The study showed that most research involves small samples and that a healthy diet contributes to the prevention and mitigation of disease evolution. However, this affirmation cannot be made with regards to dietary supplements. Further research is necessary, from cross-sectional studies to randomized clinical trials considering the wide knowledge gap on this subject.

RESUMEN El presente estudio buscó plantear el perfil de las producciones científicas que relacionan aspectos nutricionales con la etiología y/o progresión de la Esclerosis Múltiple (EM). Fue una revisión integrativa que analizó 63 trabajos publicados en el idioma inglés, español y portugués, entre 2012 a 2017, sobre la relación entre los aspectos nutricionales y la EM. Predominaron estudios con seres humanos (54,0%, n= 34), del tipo ensayo clínico randomizado (38,3%, n= 13). La asociación de la vitamina D con la etiología, progresión y/o desarrollo de incapacidades consecuentes de la EM fue la más estudiada (30,2%, n= 19), seguida de los estudios que evaluaron la importancia de la concentración y/o de los tipos de gordura para el riesgo o progresión de la EM (22,2%, n= 14), y de estudios que analizaron el papel de las vitaminas antioxidantes (19,0%; n= 12) en el desencadenamiento y/o evolución de la enfermedad. La mayoría de los estudios incluyó muestras pequeñas y una dieta saludable que aporta con la prevención y atenuación de la evolución de la enfermedad. No se pueó hacer esta afirmación para los suplementos dietéticos. Son necesarios más estudios, dada la enorme laguna de conocimiento que envuelve el tema.

1443 downloads

14.

Association between Dietary Glycemic Index and Excess Weight in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester of Pregnancy
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Ellery, Thais Helena de Pontes

; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho

; Carioca, Antônio Augusto Ferreira

; Silva, Bruna Yhang da Costa

; Alves, Júlio Augusto Gurgel

; Costa, Fabrício Da Silva

; Araujo Júnior, Edward

; Melo, Maria Luísa Pereira de

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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jan 2019, Volume 41 N. 1 Pages 4 - 10

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre índice glicêmico (IG) dietético e presença de excesso de peso em gestantes no primeiro trimestre de gestação. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 217 gestantes atendidas no Ambulatório de Medicina Materno-Fetal do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, para realização de exames ultrassonográficos de rotina no período entre 11 e 13 semanas e 6 dias de gestação. Peso e altura foram obtidos para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) gestacional. As mulheres foram questionadas quanto ao peso corporal habitual anterior à gestação, considerado o peso pré-gestacional. O IG e a carga glicêmica (CG) das suas dietas foram calculados e divididos em tercis. As associações foram investigadas por análise de variância (ANOVA, na sigla em inglês) ou pelos testes Kruskal-Walls e qui-quadrado (χ2). Resultados O grupo tinha alto percentual de excesso de peso pré-gestacional (39,7%) e gestacional (40,1%). Houve menor consumo de fibras totais (p = 0,005) e fibras insolúveis (p = 0,008) no tercil de maior valor de IG. No terceiro tercil, o IG da dieta foi associado ao excesso de peso dasmulheres no primeiro trimestre de gestação, tanto no modelo bruto como no modelo ajustado para idade, consumo total de energia e de ácidos graxos saturados. No entanto, não se observou esta associação emrelação à CG. Conclusão O alto IG da dieta consumida foi associado ao excesso de peso das mulheres no primeiro trimestre da gestação.

Abstract Objective To assess the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) and excess weight in pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods A cross-sectional study in a sample of 217 pregnant women was conducted at the maternal-fetal outpatient clinic of the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, for routine ultrasound examinations in the period between 11 and 13 weeks + 6 days of gestation.Weight and height were measured and the gestational body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The women were questioned about their usual body weight prior to the gestation, considering the prepregnancy weight. The dietary GI and the glycemic load (GL) of their diets were calculated and split into tertiles. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Walls and chi-squared (χ2) statistical tests were employed. A crude logistic regression model and a model adjusted for confounding variables known to influence biological outcomes were constructed. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all tests employed. Results The sample group presented a high percentage of prepregnancy and gestational overweight (39.7% and 40.1%, respectively). InthetertilewiththehigherGIvalue, therewasa lower dietary intake of total fibers (p = 0.005) and of soluble fibers (p = 0.008). In the third tertile, the dietary GI was associated with overweight in pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation, both in the crude model and in the model adjusted for age, total energy intake, and saturated fatty acids. However, this association was not observed in relation to the GL. Conclusion A high dietary GI was associated with excess weight in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676096 960 downloads

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