Abstract The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of e-learning in compliance with the new biosafety recommendations in dentistry in the context of COVID-19 applied to the clinical staff of a dental school in Brazil. A quasi-experimental epidemiological study was carried out by means of a structured, pre-tested online questionnaire, applied before and after an educational intervention, using an e-learning format. After data collection, statistical tests were performed. A total of 549 members of the clinical staff participated in the study in the two collection phases, with a return rate of 26.9%. After the e-learning stage, a reduction was found in the reported use of disposable gloves, protective goggles, and surgical masks. The course had no impact on the staff’s knowledge concerning the proper sequence for donning PPE and showed 100% effectiveness regarding proper PPE doffing sequence. Knowledge about avoiding procedures that generate aerosols in the clinical setting was improved. Despite the low rate of return, it can be concluded that online intervention alone was ineffective in significantly improving learning about the new clinical biosafety guidelines. Therefore, the use of hybrid teaching and repetitive training is highly recommended.

Abstract Fruit of a partnership between the Latin American Center on Sexuality and Human Rights (CLAM/IMS/UERJ) and the Association of Progressive Communication’s Feminist Internet Research Network (FIRN/APC), this dossier gathers works in the Social Sciences and the Humanities produced by academic and civil society researchers from Brazil, Chile and Mexico. In their original or newly translated contributions, digital technologies meet issues of women’s health; violence against women; racist bias in artificial intelligence; Black and migrant women’s activism; women’s religiosity and self expression; male self-entrepreneurship; and ultra right-wing men’s networks. Our aim is not so much to address a singular object or to cover an absence but, rather, to connect thematic interests from diverse theoretical, methodological and disciplinary approaches in an open a dialog about the ways in which we have carried out research in, of, for and about the digital as it relates to gender, sexuality and feminisms in Latin America.

Resumen Fruto de una colaboración entre el Centro Latinoamericano en Sexualidad y Derechos Humanos (CLAM/IMS/UERJ) y la Red Feminista de Investigación de Internet de la Asociación para el Progreso de las Comunicaciones (FIRN/APC), este dossier reúne estudios en Ciencias Sociales y Humanas realizados por investigadores e investigadoras tanto académicas como de la sociedad civil de Brasil, Chile y México. Sus contribuciones originales abordan el encuentro de las tecnologías digitales con cuestiones de salud de la mujer; violencia contra las mujeres; racismo e inteligencia artificial; activismo de mujeres negras y migrantes; religión y autoexpresión femenina; y el rol de las masculinidades con relación al fenómeno contemporáneo del empredorismo de sí y a las redes militantes de ultraderecha. Nuestro objetivo no es tanto abordar un objeto singular o cubrir una ausencia sino, más bien, conectar intereses temáticos desde diversos enfoques teóricos, metodológicos y disciplinarios en un diálogo abierto sobre las formas en que hemos investigado en, de, para y sobre lo digital en relación con el género, la sexualidad y los feminismos en América Latina.

Resumo Fruto de uma parceria entre o Centro Latino-Americano em Sexualidade e Direitos Humanos (CLAM/IMS/UERJ) e a Rede Feminista de Pesquisas da Internet da Associação para o Progresso das Comunicações (FIRN/APC), este dossiê reúne trabalhos das Ciências Sociais e Humanas produzidos tanto no âmbito acadêmico quanto em instituições da sociedade civil no Brasil, Chile e México, no encontro entre as tecnologias digitais e questões de saúde das mulheres; violência contra as mulheres; viés racista na inteligência artificial; ativismo de mulheres negras e migrantes; religiosidade e auto expressão das mulheres; auto empreendedorismo masculino; e redes de homens da extrema direita. Nosso objetivo não é tanto abordar um objeto singular ou preencher uma ausência, mas, ao contrário, conectar interesses temáticos a partir de diversas abordagens teóricas, metodológicas e disciplinares em um diálogo aberto sobre as maneiras pelas quais realizamos pesquisas no, do, para e sobre o digital no que se refere a gênero, sexualidade e feminismos na América Latina.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards biosafety recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Brazilian dental school. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 with the clinical staff of a Brazilian dental school. The whole clinical staff was sent pre-tested self-administered online questionnaires about knowledge and attitudes towards the recommendations for biosafety in dental settings in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistical analyses were carried out for proportion calculation. Results Disposable head covering caps, isolation gowns, and gloves were the most frequently reported personal protective equipment (PPE). The rates ranged from 52.9% to 88.5% for N95 respirators, from 68.6% to 92.6% for face shields, from 47.4% to 67.5% for conventional eye protection shields, and 45.1% to 77.4% for eye protection with solid side shields. Chlorhexidine gluconate was the most frequent mouthwash indicated before clinical dental care. The percentage of agreement to provide clinical care to patients with suspected COVID-19 varied from 23.5% to 50.0%. The percentage of respondents who agreed that bioaerosol-generating procedures should be avoided was higher than 74.5%. Less than 50% knew the correct sequence for doffing of PPE. Conclusion This study revealed important gaps in knowledge and attitudes towards prevention and control measures against infection in dental environments in the context of COVID-19, indicating the need for improvements.

Resumo Introdução: rompimentos de barragens de rejeitos de mineração provocaram, em 2015, o maior desastre socioambiental e, em 2019, o maior acidente de trabalho do Brasil, ocasionando, respectivamente, a morte de 19 e 270 trabalhadores e moradores das áreas atingidas. Objetivo: identificar e discutir fatores gerenciais, de operação e de manutenção que podem contribuir para acidentes de rompimento de barragens, assim como sugerir medidas de aprimoramento de sistemas de gestão de empresas mineradoras, de políticas públicas e de normas técnicas que tratem da segurança de barragens. Métodos: ensaio com base em pesquisa documental. Foram utilizados relatórios oficiais sobre os acidentes, publicações técnicas e científicas e legislação pertinente ao tema. Resultados: fatores gerenciais, de operação, de manutenção, de engenharia e do ambiente de trabalho contribuíram para os rompimentos das barragens de Fundão e da mina do Córrego do Feijão. Discutem-se decisões gerenciais que levaram aos dois eventos e são apontadas medidas que poderiam ter evitado os acidentes. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a relevância da autonomia de técnicos e gerências na tomada de decisões, além da necessidade de alterar as normas técnicas utilizadas por empresas e os critérios de licenciamento e controle estatal de atividades que implicam grande risco ambiental e social.

Abstract Introduction: the rupture of mine-tailing dams in Brazil accounted for the largest socio-environmental disaster in 2015, and for the major work-related accident in 2019, causing, respectively, the death of 19 and 270 workers and residents of the affected areas. Objective: this study aimed to identify and discuss management, operational, and maintenance factors that may lead to dam failure, as well as suggest measures to improve management systems of mining companies, public policies, and technical regulations related to dam safety. Methods: essay based on documentary research making use of the accidents official reports, technical and scientific publications, and relevant legislation. Result: factors related to management, operation, maintenance, engineering, and work environment contributed to the dams rupture of Barragem do Fundão and Mina do Córrego do Feijão. We discussed management decisions that led to both events, as well as measures that could have prevented them. Conclusion: the findings highlight the relevance of the technicians’ and managers’ autonomy in decision-making, besides indicating the need for changing technical standards maintained by companies, and state control, and licensing criteria for activities involving great environmental and social risk.

RESUMEN La banano es la segunda fruta con mayor volumen comercializado en el mundo. Por el hecho de ser una fruta muy apreciada por el consumidor brasileño, en los últimos años surgieron diversas tecnologías que ayudan al cultivo del plátano, principalmente relacionadas a la calidad de los frutos. En este contexto, el trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la influencia de la coloración de las bolsas plásticas empleadas en el embolsado de racimos del banano 'BRS Conquista' sobre la producción y calidad de los frutos. Los tratamientos consistieron en el uso de bolsas de polietileno comerciales, en los colores blanco, negro, rojo y azul, además del testigo (sin embolsado). El diseño experimental fue en bloques casualizados, con cinco tratamientos, cuatro repeticiones y cuatro plantas por parcela, totalizando 80 plantas. Se evaluó la masa del racimo, masa de la raquis, masa del los frutos, número de frutos por racimo, número de pencas por racimo, masa de las pencas, número, longitud y diámetro de frutos de la segunda penca, y las características físico-químicas de los frutos, como sólidos solubles, acidez titulable, relación pulpa/cáscara e índice de maduración. Se verificó que el embolsado de los racimos con bolsas plásticas de diferentes colores no interfirió en las variables productivas. Sin embargo, en los racimos que no recibieron embolsado se observaron mayores contenidos de sólidos solubles que en los racimos empacados.

ABSTRACT Worldwide, the second most traded fruit is banana, which is highly appreciated by Brazilian consumers. Moreover, new technologies have been used to improve fruit quality during cultivation. This study aimed to assess the influence of plastic bag colors on the production and quality of banana 'BRS Conquista'. The treatments consisted of the use of commercial polypropylene bags e colored white, black, red or blue, in addition to the control (non-bagged). This study used a randomized complete block design with five treatments, four replicates and four plants per plot, totalling 80 plants. The assessments consisted of bunch mass; rachis mass; fruit total mass; mean cluster mass; number of fruits per bunch and per cluster; and fruit length and diameter; along with fruits physicochemical traits, such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, pulp/peel ratio and maturation index. The results indicated that no interference was obtained from the different plastic bag colors in the productive variables. However, a greater content of soluble solids was observed in the non-bagged bunches.

RESUMO Racional: A cirurgia bariátrica promove importante perda ponderal e melhora das comorbidades associadas; entretanto, deficiências nutricionais e reganho de peso podem ocorrer no pós-operatório médio e tardio. Objetivo: Investigar a evolução do estado nutricional de pacientes após cinco e 10 anos de pós-operatório. Método: Estudo retrospectivo longitudinal, no qual indicadores antropométricos, bioquímicos e a ingestão alimentar foram avaliados no período pré-operatório e após um, dois, três, quatro, cinco e dez anos da operação, por meio de revisão de prontuários. Resultados: Após 10 anos observou-se redução de 29,2% do peso inicial; no entanto, 87,1% dos pacientes tiveram reganho significativo de peso. Além disso, houve aumento da incidência de deficiência de ferro (9,2% para 18,5%), vitamina B12 (4,2% para 11,1%) e magnésio (14,1% para 14,8%). As concentrações de ácido fólico aumentaram e a porcentagem de indivíduos com alterações na glicemia (40,4% a 3,7%), triglicérides (38% a 7,4%), colesterol HDL (31% a 7,4%) e ácido úrico (70,5% a 11,1%) diminuiu. Além disso, houve redução na ingestão alimentar no primeiro ano de pós-operatório. Após 10 anos, houve aumento na ingestão de energia, proteína e lipídios, e redução na de ácido fólico. Conclusões: A derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux é procedimento eficaz para promover perda de peso e melhorar as comorbidades associadas à obesidade. Entretanto, a comparação entre os períodos pós-operatórios de cinco e 10 anos mostrou que uma porcentagem de pacientes apresenta deficiências de vitaminas e minerais e reganho de peso significativo, evidenciando a necessidade do acompanho nutricional no período pós-operatório.

ABSTRACT Background : Bariatric surgery promotes significant weight loss and improvement of associated comorbidities; however, nutrients deficiencies and weight regain may occur in the middle-late postoperative period. Aim: To investigate nutritional status in 10 years follow-up. Methods : Longitudinal retrospective study in which anthropometric, biochemical indicators and nutritional intake were assessed before and after one, two, three, four, five and ten years of Roux-en Y gastric bypass through analysis of medical records. Results : After ten years there was a reduction of 29.2% of initial weight; however, 87.1% of patients had significant weight regain. Moreover, there was an increase of incidence of iron (9.2% to 18.5%), vitamin B12 (4.2% to 11.1%) and magnesium deficiency (14.1% to 14.8%). Folic acid concentrations increased and the percentage of individuals with glucose (40.4% to 3.7%), triglycerides (38% to 7.4%), HDL cholesterol (31 % to 7.4%) and uric acid (70.5% to 11.1%) abnormalities reduced. Also, there is a reduction of food intake at first year postoperative. After 10 years, there was an increase in energy, protein and lipid intake, also a reduction in folid acid intake. Conclusions : Roux-en Y gastric bypass is an effective procedure to promote weight loss and improve comorbidities associated with obesity. However, comparison between postoperative period of five and 10 years showed a high prevalence of minerals deficiency and a significant weight regain, evidencing the need for nutritional follow-up in the postoperative period.

Backgroungd: previous outcome research in bariatric surgery has to document positive changes in co-morbidities associated with obesity. Objective: the study aimed report a description of the impact of bariatric surgery on weight loss and on the resolution of diseases associated with obesity in patients followed up for 12 months in the public health service of São Paulo/Brazil. Methods: the study was conducted on the data for 598 selected patients with grade III obesity subjected to Rouxen- Y gastric bypass evaluated postoperatively and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anthropometric, demographic and biochemical data and personal history were determined at each time point. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in the biochemical evaluation. Data were analyzed statistically by the Chi-square test, by ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-test and by the Student t-test for independent data, significance set at p<0.05. Results: weight loss of 45.5±13.7kg (33.5%) was observed during the first year after surgery. Serum glucose, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were reduced during the first six months after surgery and the values were maintained up to 12 months, whereas weight and triglycerides were reduced throughout the study period. A reduced prevalence of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia was observed after surgery (p<0.001). Conclusions: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is an important procedure for weight loss and control of comorbidities such as diabetes and dyslipidemia at least during the first postoperative year.

Introducción: la investigación de los resultados previa en cirugía bariátrica tiene que documentar los cambios positivos en las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad. Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio fue informar de una descripción de los efectos de la cirugía bariátrica sobre la pérdida de peso y en la resolución de enfermedades asociadas con la obesidad en pacientes seguidos durante 12 meses en el servicio de salud pública de São Paulo/Brasil. Métodos: el estudio se realizó con los datos de 598 pacientes seleccionados con obesidad grado III sometidos a bypass gástrico en Y de Roux evaluados antes y 6 y 12 meses después de la cirugía. En cada momento se determinaron la antropometría, los datos demográficos y bioquímicos y la historia personal. La glucosa sérica, el colesterol total, el colesterol LDL, el colesterol HDL y los triglicéridos fueron determinados en la evaluación bioquímica. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente por el test de Chi-cuadrado, por ANOVA seguido por el post-test de Bonferroni y por la prueba t de Student para datos independientes; significación fijada en p<0,05. Resultados: se observó pérdida de peso de 45,5±13,7 kg (33,5%) durante el primer año después de la cirugía. Glucosa sérica, colesterol total y colesterol LDL se redujeron durante los primeros seis meses después de la cirugía y los valores se mantuvieron hasta los 12 meses, mientras que el peso y los triglicéridos se redujeron en todo el período de estudio. Se observó una prevalencia reducida de diabetes mellitus y dislipidemia después de la cirugía (p<0,001). Conclusiones: el bypass gástrico en Y de Roux es un procedimiento importante para la pérdida de peso y el control de las comorbilidades como la diabetes y la dislipidemia, al menos durante el primer año postoperatorio.

Neste artigo discuto o tema dos vídeos pornôs encontrados na internet, para pensar sobre os possíveis impactos e modificações proporcionados por essa tecnologia nos modos de representação pornográfica. A escolha do on-line se deu a partir da constatação do enorme crescimento e segmentação do mercado pornô nesse espaço, bem como das constantes tentativas nacionais e transnacionais de controle do conteúdo veiculado na rede, cujos principais pontos de discussão são a pornografia, a pedofilia e a pirataria. Assim, pretendo neste paper, a partir de uma perspectiva antropológica, abordar as maneiras como o online atua no mercado erótico, especialmente no Brasil, aumentando a segmentação do gênero pornográfico e permitindo o crescimento da chamada pornografia alternativa (altporn). Para tal, tomarei como base dados de minha pesquisa empírica enfocando o site brasileiro pioneiro na produção e comercialização de pornografia alternativa. Meu intento é perceber de que modo se organiza a produção desse ramo da pornografia - com estreita ligação com os avanços tecnológicos - e quais convenções de gênero estão operando nesse segmento a partir da observação dos corpos, desejos e práticas sexuais encontrados nos vídeos e imagens.

This article discusses the topic of porn videos found on the Internet in order to think about the possible impacts and modifications provided by this technology in pornographic representation. The choice for the online was due to the tremendous growth and market segmentation of porn in this space, as well as national and transnational constant attempts to control the content posted on the network, whose main points of discussion are pornography, pedophilia and piracy. So, in this paper, I intend, from an anthropological perspective, to address the ways in which online acts in the porn market, especially in Brazil, increasing segmentation of the genre pornographic and enabling the growth of pornography so called alternative (altporn). To do this, I take examples of my database of empirical research focusing on the pioneer Brazilian website in the production of alternative pornography. My intent is to understand the ways in which this kind of production are organized - with close liaison with technological advances - and what are the genre conventions that operate in this segment from the observation of bodies, desires and sexual practices found in videos and pictures.

INTRODUÇÃO: Epilepsia e depressão são duas das mais freqüentes morbidades que acometem o sistema nervoso central. Vários estudos mostram que muitas pessoas com epilepsia são também acometidas de depressão. OBJETIVO: Alertar quanto à prevalência da comorbidade depressão/epilepsia e a importância do tratamento concomitante das duas entidades, bem como auxiliar na escolha da melhor abordagem terapêutica. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma pesquisa no HighWire Press no período de 1996-2007, utilizando-se os descritores: depression, epilepsy, seizures, treatment, além de referências cruzadas dos artigos selecionados e análise adicional de referências na literatura específica do tema. RESULTADOS: Apesar da grande influência negativa dos transtornos de humor na qualidade de vida de pessoas com epilepsia, existe uma injustificada resistência dos clínicos em tratar concomitantemente ambas as enfermidades. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar das evidências, existe ainda uma demora em iniciar o tratamento da depressão em pacientes com epilepsia, com prejuízo da qualidade de vida. É necessário que neurologistas e psiquiatras estejam preparados para conduzir satisfatoriamente esses casos.

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy and depression are two of the most frequent central nervous system disorders. Some studies have shown that many individuals with epilepsy also suffer of depression. OBJECTIVE: To warning about the prevalence of co-morbidity of depression/epilepsy and the importance of the concomitant treatment of the two entities, as well as to assist in the choice of the best therapeutic approach. METHOD: A searching in the HighWire Press in the period of 1996-2007 was carried out, using the describers: depression, epilepsy, seizures, treatment, crossed references of selected articles and additional analysis of references in the specific literature. RESULTS: Despite the negative influence of the mood disorders in the quality of life of patients with epilepsy, there is an unjustified resistance of physicians in treating both diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Neurologists and psychiatrists should be prepared to treat these patients successfully and thus improve the quality of life of patients with epilepsy.