Abstract The paper proposes a high gain, metamaterial based super wideband (SWB) antenna. The SWB antenna has two inverted U slots which are responsible for two notches at 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz frequencies. A flower-shaped slot is etched from the radiator to obtain the SWB characteristics. The super wideband antenna has dimensions of 30×35 ×1.5 mm3 with FR4 substrate. The antenna has a frequency bandwidth of 3.1 GHz - 15 GHz for S11 < -10dB. A metamaterial unit cell is designed and simulated for permittivity and permeability characteristics. This shows a negative refractive index in the band of 2.4 GHz to 8 GHz and 8.2 GHz to 9 GHz. A 3×3 array of metamaterial cells is used as a superstrate for the improvement of the gain characteristics. The fabricated prototype SWB antenna with superstrate has measured frequency bandwidth 3.1-15 GHz with notched bands at 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The experimental and simulated results are in line with each other.

ABSTRACT Primary paraganglioma and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder are rare tumors, comprising 0.05% of all bladder tumors and <1% of all malignant bladder tumors, respectively. These tumors can be the cause of a diagnostic dilemma or misdiagnosis on morphology. Paraganglioma is often mistaken for urothelial carcinoma and small cell carcinoma for poorly differentiated carcinoma or lymphoma. Herein, we report a case of primary paraganglioma and another of a small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and discuss their closest differential diagnoses. The diagnostic pitfalls should be kept in mind so that correct, timely diagnosis of these entities can be made due to implications in the management and prognosis.

Abstract In this work, surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) was employed to rejuvenate ZrCuAlNi bulk metallic glass (BMG) plate. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation analyses were carried out to evaluate stored energy and micro-mechanical properties of treated BMGs. According to DSC results, 10 min SMAT process increased the stored energy of BMG plates up to 50%. AFM analysis showed that the structural rejuvenation occurred in the bulk of samples and just a slight rejuvenation gradient was detected from the front to the back side of BMG plates. Nanoindentation analysis indicated that the structural rejuvenation is consistent with anelastic strain induced under the SMAT process. It was also found that an optimum treatment time is needed for maximum rejuvenation in the BMGs. This event is due to the fact that the glassy structure is able to store a critical anelastic strain, which leads to a saturated condition in rejuvenation.

ABSTRACT Villous adenoma is uncommonly seen in the urogenital tract and is even more rarely seen in the upper urinary tract and renal pelvis. Like colorectal adenomas, these neoplasms can transform into adenocarcinoma. The preoperative diagnosis is challenging due to their frequent association with hydronephrosis. Herein, we present the case of a villous adenoma of the renal pelvis in a 62-year-old man presenting with recurrent urinary tract infection. The computed tomography scan showed marked hydronephrosis but no suspicious mass in the right kidney. A laparoscopic right nephrectomy was performed. Gross examination revealed a dilated renal pelvis with an irregular exophytic lesion in the renal pelvis’s upper surface. The histopathological examination showed slender, elongated villi with thin fibrovascular cores, consistent with villous adenoma morphology. Isolated villous adenomas have a favorable prognosis. However, the pathologist should undertake a search for an invasive component.

Abstract In this paper, the importance of women in decision-making at family level in Patna City (Bihar, India) has been studied in detail. The status of women in society is a significant indicator of the socio-economic development of a region. The crucial parameters regarding women, such as their freedom of movement, involvement in family matters, the decision in the purchase of home assets and family planning, etc. are chosen to ascertain the degree of women empowerment in the study area. On the basis of these variables, the womens’ decision-making index (DMPI) has been calculated to determine the socio-economic status of women in their respective families. The study is based on primary data collected from 500 women having the age between 18 to 60 years in Patna city using stratified sampling method. The present report also examines some important features and autonomous factors which usually affect womens’ decision-making ability at the family or domestic level. In the study area, it was found that the power of women in decision-making was historically limited primarily due to patriarchal ideology. The study reveals that about 45% of the women enjoyed equal status in the family with regard to taking various decisions. The educational level and employment status of women was observed to be the most important factor determining their empowerment and involvement in decision making in all spheres of domestic life.

ABSTRACT Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal disease that commonly presents as cutaneous or rhinocerebral infections associated with immunocompromised states. It may exceptionally present as isolated involvement of the brain with a varied clinical presentation, which may be difficult to diagnose early, leading to increased mortality. Herein, we report the case of a 42-year-old immunocompetent female with left-sided limb weakness and a history of recurrent vomiting and headache for the last two years. Clinically, glioma was suspected, but histopathological examination revealed a few broad aseptate fungal hyphae. As no other organ was involved, the diagnosis of isolated cerebral mucormycosis was rendered. Reporting this case, we show an unusual presentation of a central nervous system mucormycosis masquerading a tumor in an immunocompetent patient. The case also highlights the importance of a careful histopathological examination to avoid missing the presence of occasional fungal hyphae. Ideally, recognition of fungal hyphae in the brain, during intraoperative consultation, can prompt brain tissue culture for definitive diagnosis and early empirical antifungal therapy, which may prove life-saving.

Abstract Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis is a skin disorder occurring in 5-10% of visceral leishmaniasis patients after treatment with miltefosine,the first-line drug for this skin disorder. We reported a case of acute anterior uveitis,a rare adverse effect, experienced by a patient treated with miltefosine for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. This adverse effect developed after 15 days of miltefosine consumption, and the patient himself discontinued the treatment. The ophthalmic complication was completely resolved with antibiotics and steroid eye drops. After recovery from the ophthalmic complication, the patient was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B for the skin lesions.

SUMMARY: Herbal extracts used for treatment of diabetes has focused mostly on the hypoglycaemic and anti-oxidant property.There are no studies which focused on its effect on dendritic architecture of pyramidal neurons of hippocampus caused by diabetes. This study was taken up to explore the effect of administration of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract on diabetes induced dendritic atrophy in hippocampus. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats by administering single dose of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg)intraperitoneally.Treatment groups of rats were orally administeredfenugreek seed extract of 1 g/kg body weight for 6 weeks. Followingly they were sacrificed and the brains were removed, processed for the Golgi-Cox stain method.The number of dendritic branching points and intersections were counted in successive radial segments of 20 µm up to a radial distance of 100 micron from soma and analysed by the Sholl’s method. The rats with diabetes showed a significant decrease in the dendritic length and branching points in most of the apical and basal dendrites of CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons.Treatment with fenugreek seed extract were able to significantly alleviate the dendritic atrophy in most of the segments except in the apical branching points of the CA1 neuron. The present study demonstrates that fenugreek seed extract having a proven hypoglycaemic and anti-diabetic property also possess protection to the hippocampal pyramidal neurons form diabetes associated neuronal atrophy.

RESUMEN: Los extractos de hierbas para el tratamiento de la diabetes se han basado principalmente en las propiedades hipoglucémicas y antioxidantes. En la literatura no hay estudios basados en su efecto sobre la arquitectura dendrítica de las neuronas piramidales del hipocampo, causadas por la diabetes. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto de la administración de extracto de semilla de Trigonella foenum graecum (fenogreco) sobre la atrofia dendrítica inducida por la diabetes en el hipocampo. Se indujo diabetes experimental en ratas mediante la administración de una dosis única de estreptozotocina (60 mg / kg) por vía intraperitoneal. Se administró a grupos de ratas extracto de semilla de fenogreco a razón de 1 g / kg de peso corporal durante 6 semanas. Las ratas fueron sacrificadas posteriormente y se procesaron los cerebros mediante método de tinción de Golgi-Cox. El número de puntos de ramificación dendrítica e intersecciones se contaron en segmentos radiales sucesivos de 20 µm hasta una distancia radial de 100 micras del soma y se analizaron mediante el método de Sholl. Las ratas con diabetes mostraron una disminución significativa en la longitud dendrítica y los puntos de ramificación en la mayoría de las dendritas apicales y basales de las neuronas piramidales CA1 y CA3. El tratamiento con extracto de semilla de fenogreco alivió significativamente la atrofia dendrítica en la mayoría de los casos, excepto en los puntos de ramificación apical de la neurona CA1. El estudio demuestra que el extracto de semilla de fenogreco además de tener propiedades hipoglucémicas y antidiabéticas, también protege las neuronas piramidales del hipocampo contra la atrofia neuronal asociada a la diabetes.

Abstract In Ecuador, in the Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas province, a Special Operations Committee (SOC) was created to take containment measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). This research deals with an analysis of the possible spread of the SARS-COV-2 virus causing the infectious disease caused by new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) using the Susceptible, Exposed, Infected and Recovered (SEIR) model as a prediction method according to the rigor of the containment measures evaluated. with the acceptability of people through a survey (95 %, CI) in which three parameters (α) severity of containment measures, (k) social impact of the pandemic and (β) transmission rate, are determined, which we then used as β (t) with initial value of β = 1. All this considering the rapid proliferation of the virus in the province and having an average of α = 3.23 (95 % CI: 3 - 4) and for k = 4.10 (95 % CI: 4 - 5) that the authorities will use to mitigate the spread of the virus, as well as future outbreaks of the disease.

Resumen En Ecuador, en la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, se creó un Comité de Operaciones Especiales (SOC), para tomar medidas de contención contra el coronavirus 2, del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-COV-2). Esta investigación aborda un análisis de la posible propagación del virus SARS-COV-2, que causa la enfermedad infecciosa, provocada por el nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Para ello se utiliza el modelo Susceptible, Exposed, Infected and Recovered (SEIR), como método de predicción, de acuerdo con el rigor de las medidas de contención evaluadas y con la aceptación de las personas, a través de una encuesta (95 %, IC), en la caul se determinan tres parámetros: (α) gravedad de las medidas de contención, (k) impacto social de la pandemia, y (β), tasa de transmisión, que luego usamos como β (t) con valor inicial de β = 1. Todo esto, al considerar la rápida proliferación del virus en la provincia y que tiene un promedio de α = 3.23 (IC 95 %: 3 - 4), y para k = 4.10 (IC 95 %: 4 - 5), que las autoridades utilizarán para mitigar la propagación del virus, así como futuros brotes de la enfermedad.

Abstract Wideband, dual sense circularly polarized (CP), asymmetric circular slot fed by coplanar waveguide is proposed and designed. Dual polarizations are obtained by using a horizontal stub to the feed line and embedding the L-shaped strip onto the slotted ground plane. The simulated result of impedance bandwidth shows wideband performance is produced by four resonant modes. Some key parameters are studied to analyze the characteristics of the proposed antenna. The overall volume of the proposed antenna is 18 mm × 18 mm × 1.6 mm. The measured value of 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 112%at frequencies from 4.2 GHz to 14.9 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 2. The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are 39.3% for the lower band which senses right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and 2.8% for the upper band which senses left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) relative to the center frequency of 6.1GHz and 14.1 GHz, respectively. The proposed structure gives a good radiation pattern with moderate gain.

Abstract: Supervised classification of hyperspectral remote sensing images is still challenging due to the scarcity of enough labelled samples. Semi-supervised methods have been adopted to handle this issue. Self-training is a popular semi-supervised technique which is widely used for training a classifier with limited labelled data and a large quantity of unlabeled data. However, traditional self-training approaches often give poor classification results in high dimensional data. In the current work, a novel efficient self-training approach for handling the deficiency of labelled samples for semi-supervised classification of hyperspectral remote sensing images is proposed. The proposed method first trains an ensemble of locally specialized supervised binary classifiers independently by using the dimensionally reduced spectral feature vectors of few available labelled samples. The trained local binary classifiers are then used to extend the labelled set by iterative addition of highly informative unlabeled samples to it by exploiting both the spectral and spatial information of the hyperspectral image. The classifiers are then retrained with the extended dataset in a batchwise manner and the procedure is repeated until adequate quantity of labelled samples are generated. Finally, a supervised multiclass classifier is trained on the extended dataset to produce the final classification map. Experimental results on two benchmark hyperspectral image datasets prove the effectiveness of the proposed method over supervised and traditional self-training based semi-supervised pixelwise classification approach in terms of different classification measures.

Abstract: The convergence of Social Mobility Analytics and Cloud (SMAC) technologies gives rise to an unforeseen aggrandization of the web services on the internet. The resilience and payment-based approach of the cloud makes it an obvious choice for the deployment of web services-based applications. Out of available web services, to gratify the similar functionalities, the choice of the web service based on the personalized quality of service (QoS) parameters plays an important role in determining the selection of the web service. The role of time is rarely being discussed in deciding the QoS of web services. The delivery of QoS is not made as declared due to the non-functional performance of web services correlated behavior with the invocation time. This happens because service status usually changes over time. Hence, the design of the time aware web service recommendation system based on the personalized QoS parameters is very crucial and becomes a challenging research issue. In this study, LSTM based deep learning models were used for the prediction of these time aware QoS parameters and the results are compared with the previous approaches. The experimental results show that the LSTM based Time Series Forecasting Framework is performing better. The RMSE, MAE, and MAPE are used as an evaluation metric and their value for the prediction of Response time (RT) is found to be 0.030269, 0.02382 and 0.59773 respectively with adaptive moment estimation as the training option and is found to be 0.66988, 0.66465 and 27.9934 respectively with root mean square propagation as the training option. The RMSE, MAE, and MAPE value for the prediction of throughput (TP) is found to be 0.77787, 0.4792 and 1.61 respectively with adaptive moment estimation as the training option and is found to be 0.2.7087, 1.4076and 7.1559 respectively with root mean square propagation as the training option respectively. Thus, the experimental results show that the LSTM model of Time Series Forecasting for Web Services Recommendation Framework is performing better as compared to previous methods.

Abstract: Chemical modification with acetic anhydride is an effective method to stabilise wood against dimensional movement and improve decay resistance of wood. It has also been reported to retard UV light induced color darkening on wood surface. Coatings of wood surfaces with certain nano metal oxides have also shown promise as UV screening agent. In this work, we have evaluated synergistic effect of acetylation of wood and application of nano material on wood surfaces to enhance their UV stability. Photo-stability of acetylated Wrightia tinctoria wood coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanodispersion was evaluated by irradiating these wood specimens to UV radiation in an accelerated weathering tester. Acetylation of wood with acetic anhydride exhibited photo-bleaching and inhibited light-induced color darkening observed in unmodified wood. Coating of unmodified and modified wood surfaces with ZnO nanodispersion reduced photo-discolouration and degradation of wood polymers. The photo-bleaching observed in chemically modified wood upon light irradiation was further enhanced by application of nano coating on wood surfaces.

Abstract Given the major role of the mitochondrion in cellular homeostasis, dysfunctions of this organelle may lead to several common diseases in humans. Among these, maternal diseases linked to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are of special interest due to the unclear pattern of mitochondrial inheritance. Multiple copies of mtDNA are present in a cell, each encoding for 37 genes essential for mitochondrial function. In cases of mtDNA mutations, mitochondrial malfunctioning relies on mutation load, as mutant and wild-type molecules may co-exist within the cell. Since the mutation load associated with disease manifestation varies for different mutations and tissues, it is hard to predict the progeny phenotype based on mutation load in the progenitor. In addition, poorly understood mechanisms act in the female germline to prevent the accumulation of deleterious mtDNA in the following generations. In this review, we outline basic aspects of mitochondrial inheritance in mammals and how they may lead to maternally-inherited diseases. Furthermore, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for these diseases, which may be used in the future to prevent their transmission.

Abstract A new strain of Cymbopogon khasianus rich in methyl eugenol was identified and named Jor Lab L-9. It is stable for production of essential oil yield (average 0.81%; σ d i 2 = 0.00) and methyl eugenol (average 74.56%; σ d i 2 = 0.06). This variety was registered with ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, India, under registration number INGR-18037.