Resumen El crecimiento de la población y producción agrícola, junto con el incremento de la industrialización a nivel mundial han deteriorado la calidad del agua en cuerpos de agua continentales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las tendencias de parámetros de calidad del agua en un embalse tropical de la región Centro-Sur del Estado de Sinaloa, México, aplicando análisis estadístico no-paramétrico de Mann-Kendall. Se utilizaron datos obtenidos en cuatro puntos de muestreo en la presa El Salto, durante el período 2012-2020. Los resultados indican que la calidad del agua del embalse presenta tendencia significativa a mejorar durante el periodo analizado. El embalse mostró contaminación de materia orgánica, con concentración de coliformes-fecales superiores a los criterios ecológicos de calidad del agua como fuente de abastecimiento de agua potable y riego agrícola. Las concentraciones de nutrientes, clorofila-a y visibilidad de disco Secchi clasifican el agua entre eutrófica e hiper eutrófica.

Abstract The growth of the population and agricultural production, along with the increase in industrialization worldwide have deteriorated the quality of water in continental water bodies. The objective of this work was to analyze the trend of water quality parameters in a tropical reservoir from Center-South region of the State of Sinaloa, Mexico, applying Mann-Kendall non-parametric statistical analysis. Data obtained at four sampling points in the El Salto dam during the period 2012-2020 were used. The results obtained indicate that the water quality in the reservoir presents a significant tendency to improve during the period analyzed. The reservoir showed contamination of organic matter. In addition, that the concentration of fecal-coliforms exceeds the ecological criteria for water quality as a source of drinking water supply and agricultural irrigation. Likewise, the concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll-a and visibility of the Secchi disc classify the dam water between eutrophic and hyper eutrophic.

Resumen Se presenta una implementación básica del método de hidrodinámica de partículas suavizadas con compresibilidad artificial (W-SPH) para modelar fenómenos de flujo de superficie libre, y se muestra su aplicación a tres casos de interés general. Estos casos de estudio son aproximaciones bidimensionales de dos tipos de problema hidráulico conocidos: Rotura de presa sobre lecho seco y rotura de presa sobre lecho húmedo, esta última con dos variantes de profundidad de lecho. Para todos los modelos, los resultados se compararon con los datos de los perfiles de frente de avance de experimentos para los que hay datos publicados. El modelo numérico convergió a una solución estable con configuraciones de resolución relativamente bajas (2000 a 20000 partículas) y se encontró una buena correlación con las referencias experimentales y numéricas, incluso sin la aplicación de algoritmos de corrección. Las oscilaciones numéricas en el campo de densidad produjeron pequeñas crestas y vórtices artificiales, pero no interfirieron demasiado con el comportamiento macroscópico del fluido, excepto por cierto retraso en la velocidad de las ondas superficiales. La elección de desarrollar un código fuente autónomo completamente original, aunque muy revelador, implica que el algoritmo de búsqueda de partículas vecinas utilizado incrementa considerablemente el costo computacional asociado. Según los cotejos con datos experimentales, se establecieron prioridades de optimización para el código fuente y se esbozaron algunas pautas para elegir la resolución del fluido y la densidad de frontera para casos futuros, donde los fenómenos de flujo sean similares a los estudiados. Además, la experiencia de escribir el código fuente SPH que se utilizó para resolver los modelos numéricos, muestra el camino para desarrollos futuros en el modelado de flujo de fluidos usando este método.

Abstract A basic implementation of the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (W-SPH) method is used to model the open surface flow phenomena of three different cases of hydraulic problems. They were all two-dimensional approximations of known hydraulics problems: dam break over dry bed and dam break over wet bed with shallow and deep variants. For all models, the results were compared quantitatively with data from waterfront profiles from previously published experiments. A qualitative approach was used to assess the general profile shape comparing the numerical hydraulic profile results with published photographs of all setups shown. The numerical model converged to a stable solution with relatively low-resolution setups (2000 to 20000 particles) and a good correlation was found with the experimental and numerical references, even without the application of correction algorithms. Numerical oscillations in the density field did produce small artificial waves and vortices, but did not interfere with the behavior of the bulk of the fluid except for some delay in the speed of surface waves. The choice of developing an entirely original, self-contained source code, although very insightful, does mean that the neighboring particle search algorithm implemented considerably increases the associated computational cost. However, using this insight along with the basis of the comparison with experimental results, optimization priorities for the source code were found and some guidelines to choose fluid resolution and boundary density can be applied for future cases where the flow phenomena are similar to those studied. Also, the experience of writing the SPH source code that was used to solve the numerical models, shows the path for future developments on fluid flow modeling using this method.

O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear na literatura científica a relação entre desrespeito e abuso no parto e a ocorrência da depressão pós-parto. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo elaborada de acordo com as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO e Web of Science e no Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Foram incluídos estudos que investigaram a relação entre desrespeito e abuso no parto e depressão pós-parto. Foram considerados como depressão os casos diagnosticados pelo médico e os autorrelatos por meio de escalas validadas, sem restrições quanto ao ano de publicação e ao idioma. Identificaram-se 3.399 publicações e, após remoção de duplicatas, leitura de título, resumo e textos completos, houve seleção de sete artigos para integrar esta revisão. Os estudos foram publicados a partir de 2017 e somente em quatro países. As mulheres que tiveram experiências de desrespeito e abuso no parto foram mais propensas a apresentar sintomas de depressão pós-parto. Faz-se necessária uma terminologia padrão para a assistência desrespeitosa e abusiva no parto, bem como a elaboração de instrumento para mensuração que seja aceito universalmente.

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar en la literatura científica la relación entre la falta de respeto y el abuso durante el parto y la ocurrencia de depresión posparto. Esta es una revisión de alcance realizada según las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO y Web of Science y en el Portal de Disertaciones y Tesis de la CAPES. Se incluyeron estudios que investigaron la relación entre la falta de respeto y el abuso durante el parto y la depresión posparto, y se consideró como depresión los casos diagnosticados por el médico y autorreportados mediante escalas validadas, sin restricción de año de publicación o idioma. Se identificaron 3.399 publicaciones y, después de eliminar los duplicados y analizar el título, el resumen y los textos completos, se seleccionaron siete artículos para componer esta revisión. Los estudios se publicaron a partir de 2017, solamente en cuatro países. Las mujeres que tuvieron experiencias de falta de respeto y abuso durante el parto tenían más probabilidades de presentar síntomas de depresión posparto. Se necesita una terminología estándar para la atención del parto irrespetuosa y abusiva, así como el desarrollo de un instrumento de medición que sea universalmente aceptado.

This study aims to map, within the scientific literature, the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth and the occurrence of postpartum depression. This is a scoping review designed in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was performed in Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and in the CAPES Portal of Theses and Dissertations. We included studies that investigated the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth with postpartum depression, considering cases diagnosed by physicians and by self-reports via validated scales, without restrictions regarding the year of publication and language. A total of 3,399 publications were identified and, after removing the duplicates and reading the title, abstracts, and the full-texts, seven articles were selected to integrate this review. Studies were published from 2017 onward, in four countries. Women who had experienced disrespect and abuse during childbirth were more likely to experience symptoms of postpartum depression. A standard terminology is necessary for disrespectful and abusive care during childbirth, as well as the elaboration of a measurement instrument that is universally accepted.

This study aims to map, within the scientific literature, the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth and the occurrence of postpartum depression. This is a scoping review designed in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was performed in Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and in the CAPES Portal of Theses and Dissertations. We included studies that investigated the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth with postpartum depression, considering cases diagnosed by physicians and by self-reports via validated scales, without restrictions regarding the year of publication and language. A total of 3,399 publications were identified and, after removing the duplicates and reading the title, abstracts, and the full-texts, seven articles were selected to integrate this review. Studies were published from 2017 onward, in four countries. Women who had experienced disrespect and abuse during childbirth were more likely to experience symptoms of postpartum depression. A standard terminology is necessary for disrespectful and abusive care during childbirth, as well as the elaboration of a measurement instrument that is universally accepted.

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar en la literatura científica la relación entre la falta de respeto y el abuso durante el parto y la ocurrencia de depresión posparto. Esta es una revisión de alcance realizada según las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO y Web of Science y en el Portal de Disertaciones y Tesis de la CAPES. Se incluyeron estudios que investigaron la relación entre la falta de respeto y el abuso durante el parto y la depresión posparto, y se consideró como depresión los casos diagnosticados por el médico y autorreportados mediante escalas validadas, sin restricción de año de publicación o idioma. Se identificaron 3.399 publicaciones y, después de eliminar los duplicados y analizar el título, el resumen y los textos completos, se seleccionaron siete artículos para componer esta revisión. Los estudios se publicaron a partir de 2017, solamente en cuatro países. Las mujeres que tuvieron experiencias de falta de respeto y abuso durante el parto tenían más probabilidades de presentar síntomas de depresión posparto. Se necesita una terminología estándar para la atención del parto irrespetuosa y abusiva, así como el desarrollo de un instrumento de medición que sea universalmente aceptado.

O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear na literatura científica a relação entre desrespeito e abuso no parto e a ocorrência da depressão pós-parto. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo elaborada de acordo com as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO e Web of Science e no Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Foram incluídos estudos que investigaram a relação entre desrespeito e abuso no parto e depressão pós-parto. Foram considerados como depressão os casos diagnosticados pelo médico e os autorrelatos por meio de escalas validadas, sem restrições quanto ao ano de publicação e ao idioma. Identificaram-se 3.399 publicações e, após remoção de duplicatas, leitura de título, resumo e textos completos, houve seleção de sete artigos para integrar esta revisão. Os estudos foram publicados a partir de 2017 e somente em quatro países. As mulheres que tiveram experiências de desrespeito e abuso no parto foram mais propensas a apresentar sintomas de depressão pós-parto. Faz-se necessária uma terminologia padrão para a assistência desrespeitosa e abusiva no parto, bem como a elaboração de instrumento para mensuração que seja aceito universalmente.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate semen cryopreservation with ACP-Lact® diluent, which consists of coconut water powder (ACP) added to goat milk powder. After thawing, the samples were evaluated for sperm kinetics, membrane evaluation and in vivo insemination. For cryopreservation, a pool was made with the ejaculate of six goats, diluted in four equal aliquots for the respective treatments: T1 (ACP-Lact®); T2 (ACP-Lact® 50%); T3 (ACP + 2.5% egg yolk) and T4 (Tris + 2.5% egg yolk). After dilution of the treatments, the samples were placed in 0.5 ml straws and chilled at a rate of -1.07°C/min. After reaching 4°C and stabilizing for one hour, the straws were placed in nitrogen vapour at -60°C for 15 minutes and then immersed in liquid nitrogen (-196ºC). The straws were thawed in a 37°C water bath and kinetic assessments were performed immediately using a computerized semen analysis program (CSA), viability (EN), membrane functionality (HOST), mitochondrial activity (DAB) and DNA integrity assessment of spermatozoa. For the in vivo experiment, ten goats were inseminated, divided into two groups of five goats each, G1 inseminated with ACP-Lact® and G2 with ACP, by fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Regarding the kinetic parameters, the ACP-Lact® treatment showed higher progressive motility (PM) and sperm velocity than the other treatments (36.77%). In the VSL parameter the ACP-Lact diluent was superior to ACP and Tris. In viability the treatment with ACP-Lact® was superior to the treatment with Tris, 95% and 83% respectively. In FTAI two goats were born out of the 5 goats inseminated with ACP-Lact®. It was concluded that the use of ACP-Lact® for cryopreservation of caprine semen is efficient in maintaining seminal parameters during thawing in vitro and in vivo and proved to be a good alternative extender for the caprine species.

Resumen: La productividad agrícola de la Amazonía Ecuatoriana es deficiente debido a la mala calidad del suelo, ocasionada por diversos contaminantes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar el potencial agrícola de suelos de la Amazonía Ecuatoriana, a partir de variables físico-químicas, biológicas y ambientales. Para esto, se tomaron 10 muestras de suelo de los principales agroecosistemas. Las variables físico-químicas se determinaron mediante técnicas estandarizadas. Para el conteo de bacterias (UFC/gr) se usó la metodología de recuento en placa y para la descripción ambiental se usaron variables espaciales (distancia a centros poblados) y espectrales (índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada NDVI, infrarrojo cercano NIR, índice de vegetación mejorado EVI). A partir del pH, carbono orgánico y saturación relativa (Bases y Al+H) se definieron índices de fertilidad potencial (IFP). Se presentó un pH ácido en todos los suelos y un porcentaje de materia orgánica menor al 2%, con un nivel promedio de Al y Al+H de 3.7 y 5.7 mEq 100 mL-1. Las relaciones de Ca Mg-1, Mg K-1 y (Ca+Mg) K-1 fueron de 7.7, 10.2 y 83.4. Se observó una relación significativa directa entre el pH y el Ca y Mg, con coeficientes de correlación de 0.67 y 0.80. El promedio IFP de los suelos fue 0.46, con rango de 0.33-0.65. La concentración de Cd y Pb fue 0.13 y 59.35 mg kg-1. El conteo de bacterias presentó valores altos en dos muestras (2.64×108 y 2.13×108). El 70% de las áreas se corresponden con el uso de suelo tierra agropecuaria-pastizal. La menor variación se observó en el NDVI, que tuvo un promedio de 0.77. El área central de la zona de muestreo tuvo altos niveles de contaminantes (Al, Cd, Pb), así como la zona de influencia alrededor de estos puntos. Es necesario implementar estrategias de remediación, para favorecer las prácticas agrícolas.

Summary: Agricultural productivity in the Ecuadorian Amazon is deficient due to poor soil quality caused by various pollutants. The aim of this study was to identify the agricultural potential of soils in the region of the Ecuadorian Amazon, from variable physicochemical, biological and environmental. The soil samples were taken major agroecosystems. The physicochemical variables were determined by standard techniques. Bacteria (CFU/gr) were determined by counting methodology used in plate. Environmental variables spatial (distance to populated centers) and spectral (normalized difference vegetation index NDVI, near infrared NIR, enhanced vegetation index EVI) variables were used for environmental description. From pH, organic carbon and relative saturation (Bases and A+H) the potential fertility indexes (IFP) were defined. An acid pH was presented in all the soils and percentage of organic matter was lower to 2%. with an average level of A and A+H of 3.7 and 5.7 mEq 100 mL-1. Relations of Ca Mg-1, Mg K-1 and (Ca + Mg) K-1 were 7.7, 10.2 and 83.4. Significant direct relationship between pH and Ca and Mg, with correlation coefficients of 0.67 and 0.80 were observed. IFP average of soil was 0.46, ranging from 0.33 to 0.65. The concentration of Cd and Pb was 0.13 and 59.35 mg kg-1. The bacteria count showed no difference; however, two soils showed the highest values (2.64×108 and 2.13×108 UFC). 70% of areas were in agricultural-pasture land use. The lowest variation was observed in the normalized difference vegetation index which had an average of 0.77. The central area of the sampling area had high levels of pollutants (Al, Cd, Pb) and the zone of influence around these points. It is necessary to implement remediation strategies in the sampling area, to promote agricultural practices.

Abstract In Mexico, information on the bovine fecal microbiota (Bos taurus) is scarce. The present study describes the diversity and abundance of bacteria in fecal samples from rangeland bovines, collected in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve in the central part of the Chihuahuan desert. Fecal samples were analysed using high-throughput next generation massive sequencing using V3-V4 16S rRNA on Illumina Miseq. A total of 17 phyla, 24 classes, 33 orders, 50 families, 281 genera, and 297 species were identified. Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were the most abundant phyla. The most abundant genera were Sporobacter, PAC000748_g (genera into the Ruminococcaceae family) and Eubacterium_g23. Three genera (Clostridium, Corynebacterium and Fusobacterium) and one species (Campylobacter fetus) potentially pathogenic bovine bacteria were registered. This information represents a bacteriological baseline for monitoring the grazing bovine intestinal health status, and to trace possible interactions with the fecal microbiota of native roaming wildlife in the area.

Resumen En México la información sobre la microbiota fecal bovina (Bos taurus) es escasa. El presente estudio describe la diversidad y abundancia de bacterias en muestras fecales de bovinos en pastizales, recolectadas en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Mapimí en la parte central del desierto chihuahuense. Las muestras fecales se analizaron mediante secuenciación masiva de siguiente generación de alto rendimiento utilizando la V3-V4 del ARNr 16S en Miseq de Illumina. Se identificaron un total de 17 filos, 24 clases, 33 órdenes, 50 familias, 281 géneros y 297 especies. Firmicutes y Verrucomicrobia fueron los filos más abundantes. Los géneros más abundantes fueron Sporobacter, PAC000748_g (géneros de la familia Ruminococcaceae) y Eubacterium_g23. Se registraron tres géneros (Clostridium, Corynebacterium y Fusobacterium) y una especie (Campylobacter fetus) de bacterias bovinas potencialmente patógenas. Esta información representa una línea base bacteriológica para monitorear el estado de salud intestinal de bovinos en pastoreo y para rastrear posibles interacciones con la microbiota fecal de la fauna nativa itinerante del área.

Resumen Los anfibios y los reptiles han ganado popularidad como mascotas y el número de especies que se ofrecen a la venta va en aumento. Se ha reconocido la necesidad de realizar estudios que analicen los delitos contra la vida silvestre a nivel mundial para tener una mejor comprensión del fenómeno. Con el objetivo de conocer cuantas especies y cuáles son las que se venden en la Ciudad de México, realizamos 14 visitas a tres importantes mercados y realizamos un análisis de los grupos de anfibios y reptiles vendidos como mascotas y animales ornamentales. Registramos un total de 31, 919 individuos de 90 especies diferentes (14 de anfibios, 76 de reptiles) y encontramos que el 92.8% de los anfibios y el 76.9% de los reptiles están protegidos por la Norma mexicana NOM059, la Lista Roja de la UICN y/o CITES. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (W = 3.14, p < 0.05) en el número de organismos registrados de las especies de anfibios, así como en el número de individuos registrados por especie de reptiles (W = 7.52, p < 0.001). Consideramos necesario evaluar todas las especies nativas de anfibios y reptiles en los mercados que podrían ser incluidos en programas de aprovechamiento sustentable como una herramienta para su manejo.

Abstract Amphibians and reptiles have gained popularity as pets, and the number of species offered for sale is increasing. The need to carry out studies that analyze wildlife crime within countries has been recognized in order to have a better understanding of the phenomenon. In order to know how many species and which ones are sold in Mexico City, we conducted 14 visits to three major markets in Mexico City and conducted an analysis of the groups of amphibians and reptiles sold as pets and ornamental animals. We recorded a total of 31,919 individuals comprising 90 different species (14 amphibians, 76 reptiles) and found that 92.8% of the amphibians and 76.9% of the reptiles are protected by the Mexican government NOM-059, IUCN Red List and/or CITES. Significant differences (W = 3.14, p < 0.05) were found in the number of registered organisms of the amphibian species, as well as in the number of registered individuals per reptile species (W = 7.52, p < 0.001). We consider it necessary to evaluate all native species of amphibians and reptiles in the markets that could be included in sustainable use plans as a tool for their management.

ABSTRACT. Sea cucumbers (holothuroids) play a major role in coastal environments; their detritivore conduct favors oxygen penetration in the sediments and the disposal of pathogens on the sea floor. This study determined holothuroid diversity in the rocky intertidal zone of Matanchén Bay, Mexico. Sampling campaigns were carried out in January, March, May, and July 2018. Linear transects (10 m length and 1 m width) perpendicular to the coastline in rocky areas (0-3 m depth) were established, where the density (ind m-2) and proportion (%) of sea cucumbers were estimated. Organisms were photographed, examined live, and preserved in 70% alcohol for subsequent identification utilizing ossicle characterization. Our results show the presence of four sea cucumber species: Holothuria (Halodeima) inornataSemper, 1868, Holothuria (Selenkothuria) lubricaSelenka, 1867, Holothuria (Selenkothuria) portovallartensisCaso, 1954, and Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) viridiaurantiaBorrero-Pérez & Vanegas-González, 2019. The average density per species was 0.208, 0.108, 0.017, and 0.025 ind m-2, respectively; each species' proportion was 58.1, 30.2, 4.7, and 7.0%, respectively. Due to the above values, we found that the number and spatial distribution of sea cucumber species vary in Matanchén Bay.

Background: Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) was introduced in 2002 and the first implants in our country were performed in 2010. Aim: To review the TAVI experience in our hospital, considering the technology improvements and gained experience throughout this period. Material and Methods: All patients undergoing TAVI in our center were included. Results and complications were adjudicated according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 (VARC-2) criteria. Patients were divided in 3 groups, according to procedural year: Period 1: 2010-2015 (n = 35); Period 2: 2016-2018 (n = 35); Period 3: 2019-2021 (n = 41). Mortality up to one year after the procedure was recorded. Results: Between 2010 and 2021, 111 TAVI procedures were performed. The mean age of patients was 82 years and 47% were women. Risk scores for in-hospital mortality were STS 6.7%, EUROSCORE II 8.0% and ACC/STS TAVR Score 4.9%. The trans-femoral route was used in 88% and a balloon-expandable valve was chosen in 82% of patients. A successful implant was achieved in 96%, with an in-hospital mortality of 1.8%. Mortality at 30 days and 1-year were 2.7 and 9.0%, respectively. During period 3, 100% of implants were successful, with no in-hospital mortality, less vascular complications (p < 0.01), less stroke (p = 0.04), less severe paravalvular leak (p = 0.01) and significantly lower rate of acute complications (p < 0.01). Conclusions: TAVI achieves excellent results. With greater experience and better available technologies, these results are even more favorable.

Abstract Intense rainfall is an environmental variable of great importance in the planning of hydraulic works, being usually characterized by intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves obtained from rainfall data. In places that do not have rainfall stations, the IDF curves can be obtained using daily rainfall disaggregation methods. Thus, this work sought to adjust the 1-day rainfall disaggregation coefficients and the parameters of the Bell equation in the State of Mato Grosso, as well as to verify which method provides better results in estimating rainfall of different durations and return times. The adjustment of the two methods was performed by analyzing the relationship between rainfall obtained from the IDF curves of 14 rainfall stations in the state and the annual series of maximum daily rainfall, in the same locations, adjusted to the generalized distribution of extreme values. Due to the low frequency of rainfall lasting more than 360 minutes, the first rainfall disaggregation coefficient obtained was 1 day in 6 hours (0.53). The adjustment of both methods was responsible for reducing the associated errors when compared to the national coefficients, thus, they are indicated for obtaining rainfall of less than 1 day from rainfall data in Mato Grosso.

Resumo As chuvas intensas é uma variável climática importante no planejamento de obras hidráulicas, sendo usualmente caracterizada pelas curvas de intensidade-duração-frequência (IDF) obtidas de dados pluviográficos. Em locais que não dispõem de estações pluviográficas as curvas IDF podem ser obtidas por métodos de desagregação de chuvas diárias. Assim, esse estudo ajustou os coeficientes de desagregação de chuvas de 1 dia e os parâmetros da equação de Bell no Estado de Mato Grosso e verificou qual método proporciona melhores resultados na estimativa de chuvas de diferentes durações e tempos de retorno. O ajuste dos métodos de desagregação de chuvas de 1 dia e equação de Bell foi realizado pela análise das relações entre as chuvas obtidas das curvas IDF de 14 estações pluviográficas do estado e das séries anuais de chuva máxima diária, nos mesmos locais, ajustados à distribuição generalizada de valores extremos. Devido à baixa frequência de chuvas com duração superior a 360 min, o primeiro coeficiente de desagregação de chuvas obtidos foi de 1 dia em 6 horas (0.53). Os parâmetros médios da equação de Bell (α: 0.19, β1: 0.99, β2: 0.96, β3: 0.99, γ: 0.16) apresentaram ajuste satisfatório com R2 igual 0.88. As raízes dos erros médio quadrático de ambos os métodos variaram de 3.5 mm (chuvas de 10 min) a 18.7 mm (chuvas de 360 min), com um viés inferior a 10%. O ajuste de ambos os métodos foi responsável por reduzir os erros associados quando comparado aos coeficientes nacionais, sendo assim, indicados para a obtenção de chuvas de durações inferiores a 1 dia a partir de dados pluviométricos no Mato Grosso.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal das notificações de violência sexual (VS) contra mulheres adolescentes no Brasil, no período de 2011 a 2018. Estudo ecológico de série temporal, realizado com as notificações de VS contra mulheres de 10 a 19 anos disponibilizadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Os dados foram coletados em 2020, porém referem-se às notificações registradas no período de 2011 a 2018. Foi aplicado o modelo de regressão linear de Prais-Winsten para análise da tendência temporal, com cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Verificou-se tendência de aumento de VS em todas as regiões do país. Embora as taxas da região Norte sejam maiores no início e no final do período, observou-se que as regiões Sudeste (VPA 14,56%; IC95% 7,98;21,54) e Sul (VPA 14,19%; IC95% 6,56;22,36) apresentaram maiores incrementos na taxa de notificação. O crescimento do número de notificações de VS nos últimos anos demonstra a vulnerabilidade da adolescente a esse tipo de violência, mas também indica maior aprimoramento dos sistemas de vigilância das violências. É necessário fortalecer os sistemas de notificação e construir políticas públicas direcionadas ao enfrentamento à VS contra a mulher.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of sexual violence (SV) reports against adolescent women in Brazil from 2011 to 2018. An ecological time series study was performed on reports of SV against women aged 10 to 19, which were available in the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System (SINAN). Data were collected in 2020 but are related to reports filed from 2011 to 2018. The Prais-Winsten linear regression model was applied to analyze the time trend, including a calculation of the annual percentage variation (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). We found a significant trend increase in all Brazilian regions. Although the rates in the Northern region are higher at the beginning and at the end of the analyzed time period, the reporting rates of the Southeast (APC 14.56%; 95%CI 7.98;21.54) and the South (APC 14.19%; 95%CI 6.56;22.36) showed a greater increase. The increase of SV reports in recent years shows how vulnerable adolescent women are to this type of violence, but also indicates greater improvement of violence surveillance systems. We conclude that both reporting systems and public policies aimed at tackling SV against women need to be further developed.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal das notificações de violência sexual (VS) contra mulheres adolescentes no Brasil, no período de 2011 a 2018. Estudo ecológico de série temporal, realizado com as notificações de VS contra mulheres de 10 a 19 anos disponibilizadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Os dados foram coletados em 2020, porém referem-se às notificações registradas no período de 2011 a 2018. Foi aplicado o modelo de regressão linear de Prais-Winsten para análise da tendência temporal, com cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Verificou-se tendência de aumento de VS em todas as regiões do país. Embora as taxas da região Norte sejam maiores no início e no final do período, observou-se que as regiões Sudeste (VPA 14,56%; IC95% 7,98;21,54) e Sul (VPA 14,19%; IC95% 6,56;22,36) apresentaram maiores incrementos na taxa de notificação. O crescimento do número de notificações de VS nos últimos anos demonstra a vulnerabilidade da adolescente a esse tipo de violência, mas também indica maior aprimoramento dos sistemas de vigilância das violências. É necessário fortalecer os sistemas de notificação e construir políticas públicas direcionadas ao enfrentamento à VS contra a mulher.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of sexual violence (SV) reports against adolescent women in Brazil from 2011 to 2018. An ecological time series study was performed on reports of SV against women aged 10 to 19, which were available in the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System (SINAN). Data were collected in 2020 but are related to reports filed from 2011 to 2018. The Prais-Winsten linear regression model was applied to analyze the time trend, including a calculation of the annual percentage variation (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). We found a significant trend increase in all Brazilian regions. Although the rates in the Northern region are higher at the beginning and at the end of the analyzed time period, the reporting rates of the Southeast (APC 14.56%; 95%CI 7.98;21.54) and the South (APC 14.19%; 95%CI 6.56;22.36) showed a greater increase. The increase of SV reports in recent years shows how vulnerable adolescent women are to this type of violence, but also indicates greater improvement of violence surveillance systems. We conclude that both reporting systems and public policies aimed at tackling SV against women need to be further developed.

ABSTRACT The research work developed in the public market of Barranquilla in the years of 2015 and 2016 is reported, applying the SWOT matrix in order to determine the economic, social and environmental potential of informal and stationary sales in the sector, facing the policies established by the mayor of Barranquilla regarding its relocation, recovery of public space, strengthening of the environmental quality of the sector. It was found that there is a strong weakness in aspects associated with entrepreneurship, basic sanitation, security in the sector and competitive structure compared to the stores present in the commercial sector of the city.

RESUMEN Se reporta el trabajo de investigación desarrollado en el mercado público de Barranquilla en los años de 2015 y 2016, aplicándose la matriz DOFA con el fin de determinar la potencialidad económica social y ambiental de las ventas informales y estacionarias del sector, de cara a las políticas establecidas por parte de la alcaldía de Barranquilla en cuanto a su reubicación, recuperación de espacio público, fortalecimiento de la calidad ambiental del sector. Se encontró que existe una fuerte debilidad en aspectos asociados a emprendimiento, saneamiento básico, seguridad en el sector y estructura competitiva frente a los almacenes presentes en el sector comercial de la ciudad.

ABSTRACT Many events and personalities have been part of the Stomatology historical evolution in Cienfuegos. This article aims to describe the significant events in life and work of René Laurentino Miní Rodríguez Cobre and Carlos Manuel Miní Llorens doctors. A historical research was carried out, using techniques such as documentary review and in-depth oral interviews, with testimonies from key informants as the primary source for obtaining information. Historical legal documents were also consulted. René Miní, once graduated in the United States, returned to his native Lajas to practice there as the first official dentist. Said legacy was assumed by his son, follower of his father's work, graduated from the Havana University. They remained in Cuba until 1972, when the whole family emigrated to Spain. The study of the life and work of these Stomatology professionals allowed knowing and patenting historical data about the beginnings of this in Cienfuegos, especially in Lajas. Both made available to the population the most advanced in this branch of science at the beginning of the 20th century.

RESUMEN Numerosas hechos y personalidades han formado parte de la evolución histórica de la Estomatología en Cienfuegos. El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de describir los acontecimientos significativos de la vida y obra de los doctores René Laurentino Miní Rodríguez Cobre y Carlos Manuel Miní Llorens. Se realizó una investigación de tipo histórica, mediante técnicas como la revisión documental y entrevistas orales a profundidad, con testimonios de informantes claves como fuente primaria de obtención de la información. También se consultaron documentos históricos legales. René Miní, una vez graduado en Estados Unidos, regresó a su natal Lajas para ejercer en ella como el primer dentista oficial. Dicho legado fue asumido por su hijo, continuador de la labor paterna, graduado de la Universidad de La Habana. Permanecieron en Cuba hasta 1972, cuando emigró a España toda la familia. El estudio de la vida y obra de estos profesionales de la Estomatología permitió conocer y patentar datos históricos acerca de los inicios de esta en Cienfuegos, especialmente en Lajas. Ambos pusieron a disposición de la población lo más avanzado en esta rama de la ciencia para inicios del siglo XX.